临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露12周对雄性Wistar大鼠血常规的影响

目的观察临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露12周对雄性大鼠血常规影响。方法应用全自动动式染毒柜,艾烟的浓度以遮光率SR表示。将Wistar雄性大鼠48只随机分成4个艾烟浓度梯度组(n=12):对照组(C,SR 0%)、低浓度组(L,SR0.4%)、中浓度组(M,SR 2%)、高浓度组(H,SR 15%),分别为无艾烟组,1×,3×和9×临床浓度艾烟组。每天暴露200min,5 d/周,连续暴露12周。应用全自动血细胞分析仪检测大鼠血常规指标。结果艾烟暴露各组WBC,PLT等均未见明显影响。艾烟暴露各组HCT升高,中剂量组RBC、HGB、EO%升高(P0.05),高剂量组MCV升高(P0.05),余未见显著改变(p0.05)。结论临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露未对雄性大鼠血常规指标产生毒性影响     

临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露12周对Wistar雄性大鼠生化肝肾功能的影响

目的:观察临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露12周对Wistar雄性大鼠血清生化肝、肾功能指标的影响。方法:应用全自动动式染毒柜,艾烟的浓度以遮光率SR表示。将Wistar雄性大鼠48只随机分成4个艾烟浓度梯度组(n=12):对照组(C,SR 0%)、低浓度组(L,SR 0.4%)、中浓度组(M,SR 2%)、高浓度组(H SR 15%),分别为无艾烟组,1×,3×,和9×临床浓度艾烟组。每天暴露200 min,5天/周,连续暴露12周。应用全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清中肝肾功能等相关指标。结果:艾烟暴露各组肝功能指标ALT、AST、ALP、TBIL等未见明显差异(P0.05)。中剂量组CHO和高剂量组CR升高(P0.05),但该波动为生理范围内的波动,余肾功能指标Urea及血脂指标TG未见显著影响(P0.05),未见显著改变。结论:临床诊室浓度的艾烟暴露未对雄性大鼠血清生化肝、肾功能指标产生毒性影响。     

不同含量艾烟浓度对大鼠免疫系统水平调节的影响

目的:观察密闭空间内不同浓度艾烟对大鼠免疫系统的影响,探讨吸入艾烟导致的免疫调节作用与其浓度的关系,为临床安全使用艾灸疗法提供理论依据。方法:将40只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,分别暴露于无艾烟环境及低、中、高浓度的艾烟中(以艾绒不同重量为度量),每天2 h,持续30 d。运用ELISA法检测不同浓度组大鼠血清中IgG、IgM含量的变化。结果:(1)IgG指标各艾烟暴露组与对照组组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),低、中浓度艾烟暴露组与高浓度艾烟暴露组组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。(2)IgM指标各组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:不同浓度的艾烟对大鼠的免疫系统均有调节作用,低、中浓度的艾烟相比高浓度的艾烟能够更好地调节免疫水平,抑制机体过激的免疫反应。     

艾烟可控式动态吸入染毒对大鼠血清中LDL-r、ICAM-1及心脏组织形态的影响

目的:观察长期暴露于不同浓度艾烟环境下大鼠的脂质代谢、血管内皮及心脏组织形态的变化,为探讨艾烟对心血管系统安全性评价提供参考依据。方法:将168只Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,即空白对照组、低浓度组、中浓度组、高浓度组,每组42只,分别暴露于0%、10%、40%、70%浓度(以染毒柜不透光率度量)的艾烟环境中,每天干预20min,连续干预6个月后取材,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测各组大鼠血清中低密度脂蛋白受体(LDL-r)和细胞间黏附因子1(ICAM-1)的含量,用苏木精伊红染色法将心脏组织切片染色后观察不同浓度组大鼠心脏组织形态的改变。结果:(1)低浓度组艾烟干预后,大鼠血清中LDL-r、ICAM-1的含量与空白对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05);中浓度组大鼠艾烟干预后,血清中LDL-r含量显著升高,与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(3.87±0.27)mg/mL vs(2.12±0.13)mg/mL,P0.01),但ICAM-1含量无显著变化;高浓度组大鼠血清中LDL-r含量有上升趋势,但与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),ICAM-1含量显著上升(P0.01)。(2)心脏组织形态改变:光镜下观察各组心肌纤维及心肌细胞均未见异常改变。结论:低浓度艾烟长期干预对大鼠脂质代谢、血管内皮未见显著影响,低浓度艾烟临床使用相对安全;中浓度艾烟长期干预使大鼠胆固醇清除率显著升高,提示艾烟对脂质代谢有良性调节作用;高浓度艾烟对血管内皮有一定损伤,其损伤机制有待于进一步研究;各浓度组艾烟均不造成心脏组织的病理改变。     

艾灸及艾烟对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠血清MDA、SOD水平的影响

目的:观察艾灸及艾烟对载脂蛋白E基因敲除(Apolipoprotein E-deficient,Apo E~(-/-))小鼠氧化应激相关指标的影响。方法:38只8周龄Apo E~(-/-)小鼠随机分为5组:模型组(n=6)、假艾灸组(n=6)、香烟组(n=8)、艾烟组(n=9)、艾灸组(n=9),13只同龄C57BL/6小鼠作为正常对照,正常组与模型组小鼠暴露于玻璃缸中,艾灸与假艾灸组均对小鼠关元穴进行艾灸,假艾灸组艾条不点燃,艾烟组小鼠暴露于10~15 mg/m3的艾烟环境,香烟组小鼠暴露于10~15 mg/m3的香烟环境,各组小鼠每天干预20 min,连续干预12周,每周干预6 d,于12周末检测小鼠血清氧化应激指标丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)的表达水平。结果:艾灸组及艾烟组血清MDA含量较模型组显著降低(P0.05),且艾灸组显著低于假艾灸组(P0.05),艾烟组显著低于香烟组(P0.05)。艾灸组及艾烟组血清SOD含量较模型组显著升高(P0.05),艾灸组显著高于假艾灸组(P0.05),艾烟组显著高于香烟组(P0.05)。结论:艾灸和艾烟是通过调节机体MDA、SOD水平,发挥抗氧化作用,保护血管内皮改善AS。     

不同浓度艾烟长期干预对大鼠血清vWF及ox-LDL表达的影响

目的：观察不同浓度艾烟对大鼠血液微循环的影响,为临床安全使用艾烟提供参考。方法：将168只wistar大鼠随机分为四组,每组42只分别暴露于0%、10%、40%、70%浓度（以染毒柜不透光率度量）,每天20min,26周后取材,ELISA法检测不同浓度组大鼠血清中vWF、ox-LDL的含量。结果：vWF含量随艾烟浓度升高而逐渐下降,低、中、高浓度组vWF含量与空白对照组相比均有统计学意义;中浓度组艾烟干预后,血清中ox-LDL含量显著性升高,其余各组ox-LDL含量与空白组相比无统计学意义。结论：1）艾烟可使血小板聚集程度下降,提示艾烟可能具有改善微循环,从而促进机体新陈代谢的作用。2）低浓度艾烟对血管内皮未见明显损伤。     

艾烟对健康成年人血压、呼吸频率、心率、心电、血氧饱和度的影响

目的:研究艾烟对健康成年人的血压、呼吸频率、心率、心电ST段、血氧饱和度等各项生理指标的影响,为艾烟的安全性评价研究提供依据。方法:30名受试者随机分为试验组(艾烟诊室)20人,对照组(无烟诊室)10人,试验组艾烟浓度控制在9~12 mg/m3。使用超思MMED6000DP监护仪监测试验前、试验中、试验后每位受试者的血压、呼吸频率、心率、心电ST段、血氧饱和度,并进行统计分析比较。对试验组受试者艾烟环境中的舒适或不适主观感受进行调查。结果:试验组和对照组在试验前、试验中、试验后各项指标比较均无统计学意义。艾烟环境前后,试验组各项指标比较无统计学意义。试验组有7例出现不适症状,2例出现舒适症状。结论:艾烟(9~12 mg/m3)对人体的血压、呼吸频率、心率、心电ST段、血氧饱和度等各项常见生理指标无明显影响,表明一定浓度艾烟是相对安全的。较高浓度艾烟会使人产生不适感受,因此艾烟浓度需要适度控制。     

艾烟和香烟烟雾对弱精子症模型大鼠的影响

目的:研究艾烟和香烟烟雾对弱精子症模型大鼠的影响。方法:将32只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为溶剂组、模型组、艾烟组和香烟组4组,每组8只。通过灌胃给予奥硝唑溶液建立弱精子症大鼠模型。计算机辅助精子分析系统用于检测艾烟和香烟烟雾对于弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和密度等指标的影响。结果:与模型组比较,艾烟干预可以明显改善弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和曲线速度(VCL)、直线运动速度(VSL)、平均路径速度(VAP)等功能指标;香烟组的精子活力、活率和VCL、VSL、VAP等功能指标均显著低于溶剂组和艾烟组。各组大鼠的精子密度无显著变化。结论:艾烟和香烟烟雾对机体产生的效应不同,艾烟可以提高弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和运动能力,对弱精子症有一定的改善作用。     

不同艾灸因素对阿尔茨海默小鼠PI3K/AKT通路与皮质β淀粉样蛋白沉淀的影响

目的:观察艾灸、艾烟、无烟灸干预对APP/PS1小鼠大脑皮质PI3K/AKT通路相关指标和β淀粉样蛋白沉淀的影响,从能量代谢的角度探索艾灸不同作用因素在防治阿尔茨海默病中的机制。方法:将32只5个月龄雄性APP/PS1阿茨海默病模型小鼠随机分为模型组、艾灸组、艾烟组、无烟灸组,每组各8只,并将8只同月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠作为空白对照组。空白组、模型组小鼠每日常规抓取、固定于正常环境;艾灸组与无烟灸组小鼠每日抓取、固定后取关元穴灸治;艾烟组小鼠每日抓取、固定后暴露于10~15 mg/m~3艾烟环境。所有干预20 min/d,6 d/周,共8周。于第10周取材。ELISA法检测各组小鼠大脑皮质中IRS-1、PI3K、AKT、GSK-3α、IDE的含量,刚果红染色检测大脑皮质区β淀粉样蛋白沉淀情况。结果:皮质中IRS-1含量比较显示,模型组低于空白组(P0.01),艾灸组、艾烟组高于模型组(P0.01,P0.05);脑中PI3K含量比较显示,模型组低于空白组(P0.01),艾灸组、艾烟组高于模型组(P0.05);脑中AKT含量比较显示,模型组低于空白组(P0.05),艾灸组、艾烟组、无烟灸组高于模型组(P0.05),艾灸组高于无烟灸组(P0.05);脑中GSK-3α含量比较显示,模型组高于空白组(P0.01),艾灸组、艾烟组、无烟灸组低于模型组(P0.01,P0.05,P0.05)。模型组小鼠在皮质内可观察到明显的橘红色Aβ沉积,空白对照组明显少于模型组(P0.01)。艾烟组、艾烟组、无烟灸组在相同皮质区域中,淀粉样蛋白沉淀均有不同程度的减少。结论:艾灸与艾烟可以调整APP/PS1阿尔茨海默病小鼠的脑部能量代谢,此外艾烟还可以增加对β淀粉蛋白的清除,减缓小鼠皮质内β淀粉蛋白沉淀的产生速度,以延缓AD病理进程。     

阿特拉津对大鼠肝肾功能及DNA氧化损伤作用的实验研究

目的:探讨阿特拉津对大鼠肝肾功能的影响及亚慢性阿特拉津暴露对大鼠DNA损伤的影响。方法:Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为阿特拉津高剂量组(97.8mg/kg·d)、低剂量组(35.6mg/kg·d)和阴性对照组,采用喂饲法连续染毒。染毒4、8和12w时分别处死一批动物,采用试剂盒测定血清中生化指标和8-羟基脱氧鸟苷的浓度。结果:在不同时间点,染毒组大鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、尿素氮含量与对照组相比显著升高(P0.05)。染毒12w高剂量组与对照组相比大鼠血清中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷浓度显著增高(P0.05)。结论:阿特拉津亚慢性经口染毒能引起大鼠肝肾功能的损伤和DNA氧化损伤。     

EFFECTS OF MOXA SMOKE ON TESTIS INDEX AND SERUM SEX HORMONE IN MALE WISTAR MICE

Objective: To investigate the effects of moxa smoke on testis index and serum sex hormone in male Wistar mice.Methods: Using randomized block design, 48 Wistar mice were randomly assigned(n = 12/group) to a normal control group(C) or one of three moxa smoke groups(opacity): M1(low concentration, 0.4%), M2(middle concentration, 2%), and M3(high concentration, 15%).Mice in moxa smoke groups were exposed at different concentrations for 12 weeks, 5 d/week, 200 min/day.Mice in the normal control group were exposed in the same room without moxa smoke.Mice in each group were sacrificed after 12 weeks.Testis index was measured and serum sex hormone was determined by ELISA.SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis.Results: Compared to group C, testis index was significantly higher in groups M1, M2 and M3(P0.01).Compared to group C, serum total testosterone(TT) was significantly increased in group M1(P0.05).Compared to group M1, TT was significantly increased in groups M2 and M3(P0.05).Compared to group C, serum free testosterone(FT) and testosterone secreting index(TSI) were both significantly increased in group M1(FT, P0.01; TSI, P0.05).Conclusion: Low(0.4%), middle(2%) and high(15%) concentrations of moxa smoke can improve testis index.Lowconcentration of moxa smoke can increase TT, FT, and TSI in Wistar mice.TT increases along with the concentration(0.4%-15%) of moxa smoke.     

艾烟对大鼠病理组织切片和肺HSP70及Caspase-9表达的影响

目的:观察亚慢性毒理试验中艾烟对大鼠全身组织器官病理组织切片及肺组织热休克蛋白70(HSP70),胱冬肽酶9(Caspase-9)的表达的影响。方法:SPF级SD大鼠160只,雌雄各半,分为4组,高剂量染毒组、中剂量染毒组、低剂量染毒组和空白组。除空白组外各组均进行6h/d,每周5d,共3个月的染毒,空白组不作处理,染毒完成后每组取1/2大鼠进行解剖分析和全身组织器官病理组织切片和肺组织免疫组化分析,另1/2恢复1个月再做同样取材和分析。结果:除染毒后,高剂量染毒组大鼠肺组织HSP70平均灰度HMS组显著高于空白组(P0.05),其余各组与空白组比较及恢复前后比较大鼠的全身组织器官病理组织切片、肺组织HSP70和Caspase-9的平均灰度,平均光密度和总面积均无显著差异。结论:亚慢性毒理试验中艾烟对大鼠组织器官的影响是不明显的。     

Effect of moxa smoke produced during combustion of Aiye(Folium Artemisiae Argyi) on behavioral changes in mice inhaling the smoke

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects that inhalation of the combustion products of the traditional Chinese herb Aiye(Folium Artemisiae Argyi) has on the central nervous system.METHODS: Forty Kunming mice(half male) were randomly assigned(n = 10/group) to a control group(C) or one of three moxa smoke concentration groups(% opacity): low(L1; 0.4%), medium(M1; 2%), and high(H1; 15%). Mice in the latter three groups were exposed to moxa smoke in a dynamic gas exposure cabinet for 20 min per day for7 days. Mice in control group were placed in the same cabinet without any intervention. For the sleep experiments, another 50 mice were divided into five groups of 10 mice each: a saline-injected control group, L1 + pentobarbital sodium(PS)-injected group, M1+PS group, H1(15%)+PS group,and a positive control group(10 mg/kg, chlorpromazine, p.o.). The weight, general activities, locomotor activities, rotarod performance, sleep duration,and sleeping rate induced by a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium were recorded in the mice,and the composition of moxa smoke was analyzed using headspace gas chromatography(GC-HS).RESULTS: A low concentration of smoke significantly decreased the frequency of locomotor activities and the time for which the mice remaining on the rotarod; however, a high smoke concentration significantly prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and sleeping rate.CONCLUSION: The concentration-dependent relaxing effects of moxa smoke on the Central Nervous System(CNS) were confirmed. Moreover, GC-HS analysis showed that the component present in the highest concentration in moxa smoke was eucalyp-tol, an essential oil well recognized for its soothing effects on the CNS. This may therefore be accountable for the sedative effects of moxa smoke.     

THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF MOXA SMOKE ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN KM MICE

Objective: To observe the effects of different concentrations of moxa smoke on the central nervous system in KM mice.Methods: Forty KM mice(half male and half female) were randomly assigned(n=10/group) to a negative control group(N) or one of three moxa smoke groups(% opacity): L1(low concentration, 0.4%), M1(middle concentration, 2%), H1(high concentration, 15%).Mice in moxa smoke groups were exposed at respective concentrations in a dynamic gas exposure cabinet 200 min a day for 7 days.Mice in the negative control group were in the same cabinet without any interventions.Changes of general activities, locomotor activities, coordinated movement, sleep duration induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium and the sleep rate induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium in the mice with different smoke concentrations were recorded.Results: Mice in smoke groups had no significant change in general activities, locomotor activities, and coordinated movement compared with negative group(P0.05); the sleep duration time in smoke groups showed no significant change in contrast with the negative group, but the sleep time in L1 and M1 groups tended to be longer than the negative and H1 groups.The sleep rate in M1 and L1 groups increased significantly compared withthe negative group(P0.05).Conclusion: Medium concentration of smoke shows inhibitory effect on central nervous system in mice, but high concentration of smoke shows both inhibitory and stimulating effects.Our findings suggest that moxa smoke may have hypnotic and tranquilizing effects on central nervous system, which varies according to the concentrations of the moxa smoke.The mechanism needs a further study.     

不同处理方式艾燃烧生成物对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎症及斑块稳定性的影响

目的 观察不同处理方式艾燃烧生成物对载脂蛋白E基因敲除(ApoE-/-)小鼠血清炎症因子及斑块稳定性的影响.方法 40只雄性8周龄ApoE-/-小鼠随机均分为5组:艾烟组、滤过艾烟组、艾绒挥发组、艾叶精油组、模型组.8只同龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠为空白对照.艾烟组置于遮光率为2％的艾烟环境;滤过艾烟组置于艾烟滤过后的环...     

不同浓度艾烟干预12周对大鼠肺与骨骼肌的影响

目的观察亚急性毒理实验中不同浓度艾烟对大鼠血清瘦素、肺、膈肌和趾长伸肌腱的影响,为艾烟的安全性评价提供参考。方法将40只雌雄Wistar大鼠随机分为四组,每组10只,雌雄各半,分别暴露于0 mg/m3、2.5~3.5 mg/m3、8.0~10.0 mg/m3、27.0~29.0 mg/m3的艾烟浓度,200 min/day,5次/周,12周后取材,采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法（enzyme linked immunosorben tassays,ELISA）检测不同浓度组大鼠血清瘦素、膈肌、趾长伸肌腱肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor,TNF-ɑ）、白介素-8（interleukin-8,IL-8）的含量,并进行肺和骨骼肌的组织病理学检查。结果低、中、高浓度组血清瘦素、膈肌和趾长伸肌腱TNF-ɑ、IL-8含量与空白对照组无显著差异（P〉0.05）,各组肺、膈肌和趾长伸肌腱病理未见显著改变。结论亚急性毒理实验低、中、高浓度艾烟对大鼠肺、骨骼肌未见明显损伤。     

艾烟对SAMP8小鼠嗅球形态和嗅球内谷氨酸、γ 氨基丁酸和乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响〖JZ)〗〖HS)〗

目的：观察艾烟干预对快速老化SAMP8小鼠嗅球形态和嗅球内谷氨酸（Glu）、γ-氨基丁酸（GaBa）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）表达的影响,探讨艾烟的可能效应途径。方法：选取6月龄雄性快速老化模型SAMP8小鼠48只并随机分为艾烟组、模型组、嗅觉障碍组和嗅觉障碍艾烟组,以12只SAMR1作为空白对照组对照。3-甲基吲哚（3-MI）腹腔注射制作嗅觉障碍模型。艾烟组和嗅觉障碍艾烟组每日予以艾烟吸嗅30 min,其余组正常空气吸嗅。干预6周后通过苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察各组嗅球形态,并利用酶联免疫吸附试验法比较嗅球内Glu、GaBa及AChE表达情况。结果：各组嗅球结构未见明显差异,艾烟组颗粒细胞密度略高于模型组、嗅觉障碍组和嗅障艾烟组。艾烟组Glu、AChE较模型组显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且AChE含量低于嗅觉障碍组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。嗅障艾烟组Glu含量介于模型组和艾烟组之间,3组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：一定浓度的艾烟干预可以良性调节嗅球内神经递质含量,并通过嗅觉通路的神经投射干预脑内神经递质的表达,改善氧化应激。     

艾燃烧生成物对ApoE基因敲除小鼠脑内神经递质5-HT、GABA的影响

目的:观察艾燃烧生成物即艾烟对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(Apo E~(-/-))大脑内神经递质5羟色胺(5-HT)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量变化的影响。方法:本实验选用8周龄载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(Apo E~(-/-)小鼠)21只,7只同龄相同遗传背景非转基因小鼠C57BL/6作为空白对照组。Apo E~(-/-)小鼠随机平均分为艾烟组、模型对照组、氯吡格雷组。艾烟组小鼠5~15 mg/m~3浓度艾烟干预,空白对照组和模型对照组小鼠空白抓取,氯吡格雷组口服给予氯吡格雷溶液14 mg/kg(1次/d),各组干预6 d/周,16周后牺牲动物,使用LC-MS/MS同时测定脑组织中神经递质GABA、5-HT含量。结果:艾烟组其脑内5-HT、GABA的含量显著高于模型组(P0.05),氯吡格雷组脑内5-HT与模型组无明显差异,GABA的含量显著高于模型组(P0.05),3组间均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:适当施灸时,一定浓度范围之内的艾燃烧生成物可以治疗性提高Apo E~(-/-)小鼠脑内5-HT及GABA的含量。