颅内动脉瘤介入治疗围术期的护理策略研究

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤介入治疗患者的围手术期护理.方法 观察38例颅内动脉瘤介入围术期的病情变化,针对性加强预防措施、及早正确处理颅内动脉瘤及介入手术的并发症.术前做好心理护理和基础护理,防止动脉瘤术前再次破裂;术中予以生命体征监测,术后观察意识、瞳孔及生命体征,通过有效的护理避免出血、血管痉挛等并发症.结果 本组成功栓塞 36例动脉瘤病人,1例动脉瘤破裂出血死亡,1例因肺内感染死亡.结论 围术期密切观察病情及早发现并发症,施行正确的护理措施,可提高介入手术的成功率,减少并发症,提高患者的生存质量.     

护理流程在夹层动脉瘤内支架治疗围手术期的应用体会

目的探讨夹层动脉瘤内支架治疗患者围手术期实施护理流程管理的护理模式。方法针对23例夹层动脉瘤行内支架治疗患者围手术期存在和潜在的护理问题制定术前、术后和导管室护理流程并进行实施,同时对实施过程进行监督和评估。结果23例患者在围手术期均安全度过,如期出院。一、三、六个月随访生活状态良好。结论实施护理流程的护理工作模式,为患者在围手术期提供了安全保障。     

介入栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤及围手术期处理(附30例分析)

微弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是近几年来发展起来的新技术,该项技术近年在国内得到迅速开展[1],其具有操作简单、创伤小,恢复快的优势并可达到手术夹闭的效果;对部分不能手术或手术失败的病例,微弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗是一项重要的办法.我科2009年1月~2010年10月共收治动脉瘤患者30例,均行介入栓塞术,取得良好效果,现报道如下:     

GDC栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的护理

目的 探讨电解可脱性微弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞术治疗颅内动脉痛的护理特点。方法选择近两年我科研E栓塞治疗的颅内动脉瘤的病人12例，探讨其围手术期护理方法。结果 经我们周到的术前、术后护理，包括术前心理护理，消除紧张情绪，认真宣教，精心的术前准备，术后详细的记录各种症状和体征的变化，针对GDC栓塞术的特点，术后易出现的问题和并发症制定特定的护理方案，12位患者均获得了较好的疗效。结论 针对GDC拴塞术的特点，实施特定的护理方法，配合医师治疗，有助于病人术后的恢复。     

颅内动脉瘤的介入治疗分析

目的探讨血管内介入治疗颅内动脉瘤的可行性与安全性。方法回顾性分析行血管内介入治疗的19例动脉瘤患者的临床资料。结果 19例动脉瘤患者经血管内介入治疗后,15例患者达到完全闭塞,3例患者95%以上闭塞,1例患者90%~95%闭塞,所有患者均治愈出院,术后载瘤动脉均显影正常,无异位栓塞及永久并发症发生。随访6~24个月,未再发生蛛网膜下腔出血,生活均正常。结论介入栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是安全有效。     

血管内栓塞颅内动脉瘤围手术期护理

颅内动脉瘤是颅内动脉管腔局部的异常扩张，是蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的主要原因，现代神经放射学的发展，使绝大多数的颅内动脉瘤都能通过血管内栓塞而治愈，从而免除开颅手术。我院自2004年1月至2006年6月，采用电解可脱式弹簧圈（GuglimiDetachable Coil，GDC）血管内途径栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤蛛网膜下腔出血病人48例，均取得了良好的手术效果，现将围手术期护理体会报告如下。     

夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术围手术期护理

目的探讨夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术围手术期护理体会。方法对18例夹层动脉瘤拟行腔内隔绝术患者进行围手术期护理,术前作好入院指导及心理护理,调整患者心理状态以适应手术,防止夹层动脉瘤破裂;术后注意作好呼吸、循环系统的护理及尿量的观察,提高成功率,并进行总结。结果18例主动脉带膜支架全部成功植入,术后除3例发热外无其它并发症发生,均在2周内康复出院。结论尽管夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝治疗系微创手术,但其本身有一定的并发症,加强围手术期护理,预防并及时处理并发症是提高手术成功率、保障患者痊愈的重要环节。     

颅内动脉瘤介入栓塞术后二次复发的影响因素分析

目的 探讨颅内栓塞术后复发动脉瘤介入治疗后再复发的影响因素。方法 采用回顾性队列研究方法。纳入2010年1月—2016年12月北京市大兴区人民医院神经外科二次介入栓塞术治疗的复发动脉瘤患者69 例,其中男27例、女42 例,年龄25~76(48±10)岁;二次介入手术后再复发13例,再复发率为18.8%(13/69)。采用单因素分析及Logistic回归分析方法, 分析复发颅内动脉瘤介入治疗后再复发的影响因素。结果 单因素分析显示,复发组与非复发组患者性别、年龄、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、吸烟、 动脉瘤瘤颈宽度、动脉瘤部位、是否支架辅助比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05);而两组患者动脉瘤大小、手术前后改良RANKIN量表(mRS)评分变化情况、术后Raymond分级比较,差异均有统计学意义(Z=-3.396、-5.955、-5.825, P值均＜0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:以RaymondⅠ级为参照,RaymondⅡ级(OR=0.116,95%CI 0.025~0.546, P＜0.01)和Raymond Ⅲ级(OR=0.052, 95%CI 0.008~0.350, P＜0.01)为二次介入栓塞术后动脉瘤再复发的独立危险因素。结论 栓塞不完全(RaymondⅡ级和Ⅲ级)是二次介入栓塞术后动脉瘤再复发的独立危险因素;对于再复发的颅内动脉瘤,二次介入术中选择合适的弹簧圈,尽可能栓塞完全无残留,意味着更低的再复发率。     

腔内介入栓塞治疗前循环颅内动脉瘤的临床疗效和安全性分析

目的分析腔内介入栓塞治疗前循环颅内动脉瘤的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取本院2017年2月至2019年10月收治且经DSA确诊的92例前循环颅内动脉瘤患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式的不同分为夹闭组和介入组,每组各46例。比较两组患者临床治疗效果、手术前后S100-β、IL-6及MMP-9水平及术后感染、血管痉挛等并发症发生情况。结果介入组患者术后6个月GOS分级明显优于夹闭组,介入组患者良好率明显高于夹闭组,死亡率明显低于夹闭组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后S100-β、IL-6及MMP-9水平较术前均有所改善,且介入组患者S100-β、IL-6及MMP-9水平改善程度显著优于夹闭组(P0.05);两组患者并发症发生率比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论采用腔内介入栓塞术治疗前循环颅内动脉瘤具有较好的临床疗效,可明显改善患者预后,降低炎症反应水平,有助于避免出现感染现象。     

蛛网膜下腔出血栓塞术围手术期的护理

对5例蛛网膜下腔出血患者采用栓塞介入术治疗,充分及时的术前和术后观察及护理,使治疗达到了一个最佳的效果,因此介入治疗前后采取有效而完善的护理措施是成功治疗颅内动脉瘤的重要保证。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995