心理干预对手术病人术前焦虑情绪的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对手术病人术前焦虑情绪的影响.方法 将500例择期手术患者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组按常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予心理辅导和卫生宣教等护理干预措施.结果 观察组干预前焦虑评分与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组干预后术前焦虑评分与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 术前护理干预对减轻手术患者焦虑心理具有重要的辅助作用.     

老年择期手术患者心理护理的疗效研究

目的 究老年择期手术患者心理护理干预的临床疗效.方法 选取2013年2月～2014年8月在我院就诊治疗的160例老年择期手术患者,采用随机化的方法,将研究对象分为两组,一组为干预组,一组为对照组.干预组在手术前实行为期3d的心理护理,对照组进行正常的术前手术谈话,不进行心理护理,观察两组患者在谈话前后焦虑和抑郁的程度的变化.结果 探干预组和对照组在谈话交流前焦虑和抑郁评分比较均无明显差异(P＞0.05),干预组实行心理护理干预,对照组仅进行术前谈话后,干预组的焦虑和抑郁程度均明显轻于对照组.结论 心理护理对于老年择期手术患者不良情绪的改善效果明显,值得推广.     

心理护理干预对骨科择期手术患者心理状况的作用

目的探讨心理护理干预对骨科择期手术患者心理状况的作用,为骨科择期手术患者提出可行的心理护理措施。方法对照组和观察组各228例骨科择期手术患者,对照组按骨科相应疾病常规护理,观察组在进行常规护理的基础上采取系统的心理护理干预措施,即入院后给予心理护理干预和健康教育等。结果入院时患者普遍存在情绪障碍、焦虑、抑郁等;两组患者不同护理前后SAS、SDS评分比较,经心理护理干预后观察组术前1 d的焦虑程度比入院时明显减轻（P〈0.05）;对照组术前1 d的焦虑程度比入院时反而加重（P〈0.05）;但两组的抑郁评分手术前后无明显变化（P〉0.05）;228例观察组患者经过心理护理干预,有效地缓解了术前紧张、恐惧心理,对护理工作的满意度达98%以上。结论心理护理干预对骨科择期手术患者的心理健康具有积极的作用。     

胆结石手术患者术前焦虑护理中个性化护理的应用效果解析

目的：对应用个性化护理干预模式对在术前出现焦虑症状的胆结石疾病患者实施护理的临床效果进行研究。方法选择在我院就诊的术前出现焦虑症状的胆结石疾病患者50例,随机分为对照组和观察组,平均每组25例。采用个性化护理干预模式对观察组患者实施护理;采用常规胆结石手术护理模式对对照组患者实施护理。结果观察组患者护理干预前后HAMD评分的改善幅度明显大于对照组;对胆结石手术期间护理服务满意度明显高于对照组;手术住院治疗总时间明显短于对照组。结论应用个性化护理干预模式对在术前出现焦虑症状的胆结石疾病患者实施护理的临床效果非常明显。     

剖宫产术前心理护理对产妇焦虑的影响

目的：探讨剖宫产术前心理护理对产妇焦虑的影响。方法选取我院2011年~2013年治疗的60例患者,分干预组和对照组,对干预组实施术前的心理护理,不干预照组。分别在干预前和干预后对两组应用SCL-90症状自评量表评定,评估心理护理影响剖宫产患者术前焦虑的程度。结果比较两组患者入院焦虑值,差异无统计学意义(>0.05);比较术前焦虑值,差别具有显著性意义(<0.01),对照组焦虑值高于干预组。结论心理护理能够对降低剖宫产产妇术前的焦虑心理有良好的效果,因此,应该在术前对剖宫产患者实施多层次的、全面的心理护理。     

多元化心理干预在2型糖尿病手术治疗中的应用效果及对预后的影响

目的:观察多元化心理干预在2型糖尿病手术治疗中的应用效果及对预后的影响。方法:选取2015年11月至2017年11月我院接收进行胃转流手术的2型糖尿病患者68例,根据干预方式不同分为观察组和对照组,每组34例,给予对照组常规手术干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予多元化心理干预,比较干预后两组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、患者满意度及术后血糖控制情况。结果:干预后,观察组患者术前焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=-5.005,P0.05);干预后,观察组患者对护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=7.503,P0.05);随访后观察组患者的空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)明显低于对照组(FPG t=-3.090,-2.499;P0.05)。结论:在2型糖尿病患者手术治疗中给予多元化心理干预可减轻患者紧张焦虑的情绪,有效控制患者的血糖指标,提高患者对护理的满意度。     

心理干预在重型肝炎护理中的作用

目的探讨心理干预在重型肝炎护理中的作用研究。方法选择2013年1月~10月来我院治疗重型肝炎的患者60例,随机分成两组,观察组和对照组各30例,对照组采用常规疗法即内科的综合治疗法和常规的护理措施,观察组在对照组的基础上实施心理干预护理,即采用认知治疗和心理治疗。分别根据表格测试患者的心理状况,并根据实际结果进行相应的分析研讨,测量表格有症状自评表,Zung抑郁自评表和Zung焦虑自评表。结果观察组患者在实施护理后症状自评躯体化,另外焦虑以及抑郁的症状明显缓解于对照组。结论心理干预在治疗重型肝炎中具有良好的护理效果,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

护理干预对骨折患者术后焦虑及疼痛的影响分析

目的探讨护理干预应用在骨折患者中对术后焦虑和疼痛的影响及应用效果。方法选择我院手术治疗的骨折患者152例作为研究对象,采取随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各76例,对照组给予骨科常规护理,观察组采用综合护理干预措施,观察两组护理效果。结果观察组患者护理后焦虑和抑郁情绪改善的幅度优于对照组,组间对比经统计学分析,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后疼痛评分、护理满意度、住院时间均短于对照组,经统计学分析比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用综合护理干预措施应用在骨折患者中可以减轻患者焦虑和抑郁等负性情绪,减轻术后疼痛程度,提高临床护理满意度,缩短住院时间,值得在临床上大力推广使用。     

老年人患者手术的心理护理

目的 研究探讨心理护理在老年患者手术中的应用.方法 随机抽取我院2011年4月～2013年4月收治的老年手术患者120例为研究对象.并将其随机分成对照组和观察组,每组患者分别为60例.对照组老年患者在手术中实施常规的护理措施,观察组患者在对照组患者的基础上应用心理护理.比较两组患者的临床护理效果.结果 护理结果表明,观察组患者的治疗效果显著优于对照组患者.观察组患者的心理舒适度显著高于对照组患者,数据符合统计学差异(P＜0.05);同时观察组患者满意度为96.7％,高于对照组患者的63.3％,数据符合统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 在老年患者手术治疗的过程中,对其实施心理护理措施不仅有助于老年患者的康复,还有效减少老年患者手术的焦虑情绪,保证手术的顺利实施.可见,心理护理值得在临床上推广使用.     

心理干预对乳腺癌手术患者术前心理状况的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对乳腺癌手术患者术前心理状态的影响。方法 将48例乳腺癌手术患者随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组进行心理干预，对照组仪进行一般护理，分别于入院心理干预前和术前采用SCL-90评定两组患者的心理状况。结果 实验纽经心理干预后，与自身治疗前及对照组比较，焦虑、抑郁等因子评分均明显下降；而对照组患者入院后和术前心理状况没有差异，个别因子评分甚至升高。但两组与常模比较，焦虑、抑郁等因子仍显著增高（均P〈0．05）。结论 心理干预对乳腺癌手术患者术前的心理状况有明显改善作用。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.     

THE ODYSSEY – A JUNGIAN PERSPECTIVE: INDIVIDUATION AND MEETING WITH THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS

Homer's epic tale of the 20-year return of Odysseus from the Trojan War is investigated with particular reference to Jung's theory of individuation. Odysseus' meetings with 'the anima' in the form of goddesses, sirens and female monsters and his visit to Hades demonstrate the confrontation and humanization of aspects of the archetypal level of the psyche, central to Jung's theories of psychic growth and development. Jung's important ideas of the psychoid level and the transcendent function are explored and linked both to his investigations into medieval alchemy and with findings from contemporary neuroscience. The importance of Jung's constructive method of the interpretation of dreams and myths is shown to be central.