The effect of gynaecological laparoscopic surgery on cerebral oxygenation

During gynaecological laparoscopic surgery, alterations in cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure are frequently reported. These changes affect cerebral perfusion pressure and thus may affect cerebral oxygenation. In this prospective study, the effect of gynaecological laparoscopic surgery on cerebral oxygenation was examined by following the changes in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo2). Twenty-four female patients were enrolled. The mean rSo2 was 65.5 +/- 5.4% at baseline before surgery, 60.8 +/- 5.6% when the patient was placed in the Trendelenburg position, 57.1 +/- 9.3% after creation of pneumoperitoneum, and 64.0 +/- 7.3% after the completion of surgery. During the period of pneumoperitoneum, rSo2 fell below 50% in two hypercapnic patients. In comparison with baseline, rSo2 declined significantly in the Trendelenburg position. The creation of pneumoperitoneum itself did not decrease the average rSo2 value further unless the patients were hypercapnic.     

妇科腹腔镜手术并发症56例分析

目的研究妇科腹腔镜手术严重并发症发生情况,减少和预防严重并发症的发生。方法对本院56例妇科腹腔镜手术并发症患者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果2003年5月至2009年8月共2459例妇科腹腔镜手术中,发生并发症56例,占2．27％。其中持续性宫外孕15例、出血12例、肠损伤2例、膀胱损伤2例、盆腔化脓性感染1例,与恶性肿瘤有关3例、皮下气肿21例。并发症中需开腹处理的10例,再次腹腔镜治疗3例。结论腹腔镜虽为微创手术,但仍可产生并发症;应强调手术适应证的严格选择和熟练操作,充分了解各种器械设备的性能,并提出相关的防治措施。     

术中间歇性气囊加压法在妇科腹腔镜患者中的应用

目的探讨术中间歇性气囊加压法(intermittent pneumatic compression method,IPC)在妇科腹腔镜患者中的应用效果。方法将200例不孕症行腹腔探查患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各100例。两组均在全身麻醉和膀胱截石位下行腹腔镜手术,术中对照组不采用任何干预措施,观察组采用IPC。比较两组患者术前、术后第1d和第3d凝血功能指标;术前、手术后30min、术后第1d股静脉血流速度;术后3个月深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)发生率的差异。结果术后3个月对照组发生DVT12例,观察组2例,两组比较,χ2=6.22,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。观察组患者术后第1d凝血酶原时间(prothrombintime,PT)和凝血活酶时间(activated par-tialthrom boplastin time,APTT)高于对照组,术后第1d和第3d纤维蛋白原(human fibrinogen,FIB)低于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后30min和术后24h观察组患者股静脉血流速度大于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组各时间点股静脉血流速度比较,F=1.94,P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论 IPC应用于腹腔镜手术是安全有效的,能改善下肢血液循环和预防下肢DVT的发生,值得临床推广应用。     

小剂量硝酸甘油对妇科腹腔镜手术合并高血压患者氧化应激的影响

目的 研究小剂量硝酸甘油对合并高血压并行腹腔镜妇科手术的患者氧化应激及apelin-12水平的影响。方法 选取腹腔镜下行全子宫切除术的高血压患者80例,采用随机数表法分为硝酸甘油组和对照组。硝酸甘油组在气腹开始至手术结束泵注小剂量硝酸甘油[0.10~0.25 μg/（kg·min）],对照组泵注等量生理盐水。于术前（T0）,气腹开始30 min（T1）及手术结束后1 h（T2）抽取外周肘静脉血,比较2组患者血清血管紧张素-Ⅱ（Ang-Ⅱ）、IL-6及apelin-12水平变化和ST-T改变。结果 组内相比,随着气腹时间的增加,血清Ang-Ⅱ、IL-6水平逐渐升高,apelin-12水平逐渐降低;同对照组相比,硝酸甘油组T1、T2时间点的血清Ang-Ⅱ和IL-6水平上升幅度明显降低,apelin-12水平下降幅度也明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P均< 0.05）。2组ST-T异常发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 小剂量硝酸甘油可以缓解腹腔镜下行子宫全切术合并高血压患者的应激反应,apelin-12可能协同一氧化氮延缓氧化应激的发生发展。     

300例妇科腹腔镜手术中应用喉罩通气全身麻醉的临床观察

目的介绍和观察喉罩通气全身麻醉在妇科腔镜手术中的应用。方法选择全麻腹腔镜宫外孕输卵管切除术和卵巢肿瘤切除及腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术患者300例,均为择期手术。ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为气管插管组（A组）150例和喉罩组（B组）150例,监测并记录两组插入喉罩或气管插管时（T1）、气腹时（T2）、苏醒拔管时（T3）的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率、呼气未二氧化碳分压（PETCO2）等变化。并对所有患者术后随访。结果①两组T1、13时的MAP比较,A组明显高于B组（P〈0．05）;②两组心率T1、仍时A组高于B组（P〈0．05）,T2时差异无统计学意义;③两组PETCO2比较;B组与A组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;④术后随访,A组咽喉痛、声音嘶哑、咳嗽等不良发生率反应的发生高于B组（P〈0．05）。结论喉罩通气静脉全身麻醉对血流动力学影响小,术中术后并发症少,麻醉效果可靠,操作简单,临床应用好。     

300例妇科腹腔镜手术中应用喉罩通气全身麻醉的临床观察

Objective To evaluate the application of laryngeal mask airway anesthesia for gynaecological laparoscopil surgery. Methods 300 ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients that need elective gynaecological laparoscopic surgery were divided randomly into endotracheal intubation group(groupA n = 150 cases)and laryngeal mask airway group(group B n = 150 cases). Mean arterial presswre(MAP) , heart rate(HR) ,end-tidal partial pressure carbon dioxide (PETCO2) were recorded and evalated before intubation (T1) , when pneumoperitoneum (T2) and after extubation (T3). The patients of porstopertion following-up were also made to all cases. Results Diffierence of MAP and HR were sitnificant between group A and B (P＜ 0. 05) at T1 and T3. While the HR was significant difference at T1 and T3. When PETCO2 was measured. the incidence rat of sore throat, hoarseness and conghing was higher in group A than group B in postoperative follwing-up. Conclusion Largngeal mask airway anesthesia has less impact on hemodynamlis as well as less postoperative complications. The anethetil procedure is feasible and the effect is reliable and satisfging.     

脑电双频指数调控下的七氟烷吸入麻醉在小儿腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的探讨脑电双频指数(BIS)调控下七氟烷吸入麻醉在小儿腹腔镜手术中的应用。方法择期行腹腔镜手术的患儿80例,随机分为试验组(I组)和对照组(II组),每组40例。I组通过调控七氟烷呼气末浓度(Etsevo)维持BIS值在40～60,II组维持血压和心率在基础值的±20%波动调控Etsevo,并监测BIS值。记录两组血流动力学变化、BIS值、ETsevo、拔管时间和离室时间。结果 I组麻醉过程中平均动脉压(MAP)和BIS值均高于II组(P<0.05);麻醉维持期I组ETsevo低于II组(P<0.05);I组拔管时间和离室时间都明显少于II组(P均<0.05)。结论 BIS调控七氟烷吸入麻醉能减少七氟烷的用量,维持血流动力学平稳,缩短苏醒和拔管时间,提高麻醉的安全性,在小儿腹腔镜手术中应用是可行的。     

肾癌行后腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术的围术期护理

目的总结34例肾癌行后腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术（LNSS）的围术期的护理经验。方法 2008年9月—2012年4月,本院共34例患者接受了LNSS,手术前后实施了有针对性的护理,并对并发症进行严密的观察与护理干预。结果患者术后无大出血、下肢静脉血栓、呼吸道及肾功能不全等并发症发生,康复出院。结论对行LNSS手术的患者加强围术期护理可能有效减少其手术并发症,对患者的预后有重要影响。     

优质护理模式对妇科腹腔镜手术效果影响

目的:探讨优质护理模式对妇科腹腔镜手术效果影响.方法:选择2019年1月至2019年12月在本院行妇科腹腔镜手术治疗的600例患者作为研究对象,按照随机平行对照方法分为对照组和研究组各300例.对照组给予常规护理,研究组在对照组护理的基础上提供全程优质护理,对比两组护理效果.结果:研究组术后并发症发生率为9.67％(2...     

3D腹腔镜在肾脏肿瘤保留肾单位手术中的应用优势

目的探讨3D腹腔镜在肾脏肿瘤保留肾单位(NSS)手术中的应用优势。方法收集2014年1月-2015年1月因肾脏肿瘤T1N0M0在该院行"保留肾单位手术"治疗45例患者的资料。其中,实施3D腹腔镜手术患者16例,2D腹腔镜手术患者29例。回顾性分析两种方式患者手术时间、术中出血量、肾蒂阻断时间及术后住院时间的临床差异。结果两种手术方式患者均获得手术成功,3D腹腔镜手术组平均手术时间为(96.43±22.49)min、平均术中出血量(30.71±6.73)ml、平均肾蒂阻断时间(15.43±2.23)min、术后平均住院时间(6.00±1.00)d;2D腹腔镜手术组中平均手术时间为(120.67±30.10)min、平均术中出血量为(42.91±20.61)ml、平均肾蒂阻断时间(23.83±4.63)min、术后平均住院时间为(6.42±1.24)d。3D腹腔镜手术组的手术时间、肾蒂阻断时间和术中出血量均明显少于2D腹腔镜手术组(P0.01)。两组间术后平均住院时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 3D腹腔镜在保留肾单位手术应用较传统2D有明显优势,它缩短了手术时间,降低了手术难度。在空间定位及深度感觉上优势明显,值得临床进一步推广应用。     

机器人辅助、3D及传统腹腔镜在保留肾单位手术中的对比研究

目的比较机器人辅助腹腔镜肾部分切除术(RAPN)、3D腹腔镜(3D)及传统腹腔镜(LPN)在肾肿瘤保留肾单位手术的疗效和临床使用价值。方法回顾性分析该院2012年8月-2015年4月收治的腹腔镜保留肾单位手术90例肾肿瘤患者的临床资料,其中RAPN组21例、3D组30例和LPN组39例。比较3组手术时间、热缺血时间、术中出血量、引流管引流量、术后住院时间、住院费用及术后并发症情况的差异。结果 3组手术时间分别为(129.0±13.9)、(123.9±18.7)和(137.0±22.1)min,3D组与LPN组差异有统计学意义(P0.05),RAPN组和3D组、LPN组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);热缺血时间分别为(18.1±5.1)、(22.2±6.5)和(25.7±5.4)min,3组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);住院费用分别为(46 858.3±3 057.2)、(21 904.8±2 404.3)和(21 019.7±1 478.9)元,RAPN组与3D组、LPN组差异有统计学意义(P0.05),3D组和LPN组差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术中出血量、引流管引流量、术后住院时间各组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);3D组1例切口延迟愈合,LPN组1例切口延迟愈合和2例肾周血肿,保守治疗后均治愈,3组手术切缘均阴性;随访1~32个月,未见复发和转移,肾功能正常。结论传统腹腔镜推广简单且费用少;3D腹腔镜的三维视野和经济性的优势有着广阔的应用前景;机器人辅助腹腔镜手术操作最灵活,将成为未来医学发展的主流术式。     

高浓度七氟烷用于小儿肛肠手术的麻醉效果观察

目的观察高浓度七氟烷全凭吸入麻醉用于小儿肛肠手术的临床麻醉效果。方法选择我院2012—2013年收治的需择期进行肛肠手术的患儿80例,通过查随机数字表法将患儿随机分为观察组和对照组各40例。观察组全凭七氟烷吸入麻醉。对照组行传统氯胺酮全凭静脉麻醉。比较两组患儿麻醉前（T0）、麻醉后1min（T1）、5min（T2）、手术开始（L）、手术结束（T4）、苏醒时（T5）的心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SpO2）、呼吸次数（RR）、脑电双频指数（BIS）,同时记录患儿诱导时间、睁眼时间、苏醒期躁动评分等指标。结果对照组患儿心率增快（P〈0．05）,呼气末二氧化碳（EtCO2）明显高于观察组（P〈0．05）,观察组术后苏醒时间、睁眼时间早于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论七氟烷全凭吸入麻醉用于小儿肛肠手术血液动力学指标较稳定,和氯胺酮麻醉比较具有诱导迅速和苏醒快而完全的优点。     

艾司洛尔静脉全麻在减轻腹腔镜手术围术期应激反应中的效果观察

目的探讨艾司洛尔静脉全麻在减轻腹腔镜手术患者围术期应激反应中的效果。方法将120例患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例。实验组给予静脉全麻＋艾司洛尔,对照组给予静脉全麻＋生理盐水。比较2组的血流动力学波动情况以及神经内分泌指标的变化情况。结果实验组气管插管时、气腹10min、术毕时的心率和血压均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;实验组气管插管时、气腹10min、术毕时的肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和皮质醇水平均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论艾司洛尔能减轻围术期机体应激反应,降低发生心脑血管意外的风险。     

The synthesis rate of albumin decreases during laparoscopic surgery

In previous studies, a decline in total liver protein synthesis during elective laparoscopic surgery has been observed. However, when albumin synthesis was measured in parallel no apparent influence of the procedure was detected. The aim of the present study was to specifically investigate the effect of a laparoscopic procedure on albumin synthesis. Female (n = 9) patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a consequence of cholecystolithiasis were investigated. The fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of albumin was investigated twice in each patient, before and during surgery (2-3 h apart), employing L-[2H5]phenylalanine and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The FSR of albumin decreased from 7.3 +/- 1.2% per day before surgery to 6.2 +/- 1.4% per day during the procedure (P<0.01), whereas the corresponding absolute synthesis rates of albumin decreased from 114 +/- 24 to 86 +/- 16 mg kg(-1) day(-1), respectively (P<0.001). In conclusion, the synthesis rate of albumin decreased during a laparoscopic surgery procedure. However, the characteristics for this decrease differ from those previously observed for total liver protein synthesis.     

Laparoendoscopic single-site compared with conventional laparoscopic surgery for gynaecological acute abdomen in pregnant women

ObjectiveTo estimate the safety and feasibility of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) in pregnant patients with acute abdomen.MethodsBaseline characteristics, surgical results, and obstetric and neonatal outcomes were retrospectively compared between single and multiport procedures in patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy between 2017 and 2021.ResultsFifty-four pregnant patients were included: 26 who underwent LESS (salpingectomy, 11 cases/cystectomy, 15 cases) and 28 who underwent conventional laparoscopic surgeries (salpingectomy, 12 cases/cystectomy, 16 cases) during pregnancy. One patient in the single-port group required additional ports. No patients converted to laparotomy. In patients undergoing salpingectomy, the single-port group showed lower 8- and 24-h postoperative pain scores, shorter hospital stays, and lower Self-rating Anxiety Scale scores prior to discharge versus conventional laparoscopy. One patient experienced postoperative vaginal bleeding and a missed abortion during follow-up. In patients receiving cystectomy, 8- and 24-h pain scores, postoperative hospital stay, and anxiety scores were lower in the single-port versus multiport group. Other outcomes were comparable between the groups.ConclusionThe feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy is similar between single- or multiport routes, however, the single-port route may be associated with less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, and lower anxiety.     

硬膜外复合喉罩七氟烷麻醉在腹腔镜妇科手术中的应用

目的评价硬膜外阻滞复合喉罩下七氟烷吸入在腹腔镜妇科手术中应用的安全性和可行性。方法30例妇科择期腹腔镜手术患者，ASAI～Ⅱ级，硬膜外阻滞复合喉罩下七氟烷吸入麻醉后，监测EKG、BP（MAP）、HR、SpO2、Paw、PET，CO2，记录喉罩置入、拔除、气腹前后、手术进行30min、手术结束各时间点的数值，观察术中是否出现呛咳、体动、反流等以及术毕10min清醒例数、术后相关并发症及术中知晓情况。结果①喉罩置入后各时间点血流动力学指标无显著变化，与喉罩置入前比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；②气腹后10min的Paw和PETCO2均显著高于气腹前（P〈0．05）；③七氟烷面罩诱导时，有2例发生体动，术毕10min患者全部清醒，术后随访发生咽喉痛1例，均无术中知晓。结论硬膜外阻滞复合喉罩下七氟烷吸入的麻醉方式用于腹腔镜妇科手术安全可行。     

Effects of low-dose dopexamine on splanchnic oxygenation during major abdominal surgery

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of low-dose dopexamine on splanchnic oxygenation during major abdominal surgery. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: Eighteen adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery. INTERVENTIONS: The patients received either dopexamine at 1 microg/kg/min (group A, n = 9) or 0.90% saline as control (group B, n = 9). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: To assess the splanchnic oxygenation, intestinal tissue PO2 (PtissO2) and gastric intramucosal Pco2 (PmucCO2) were measured, and the PCO2 gap (PmucCO2 - PaCO2) was calculated at baseline (T1) and after an infusion period of 60 mins (T2). There was no difference between the groups in the global oxygen transport parameters. Low-dose dopexamine increases PtissO2 on the serosal side of the small bowel (deltaPtissO2, 17+/-24 mm Hg in group A vs. -5+/-10 in group B). The changes in PtissO2 at the serosal side of the colon after dopexamine demonstrated a nonsignificant increase (deltaPtissO2, 7+/-11 mm Hg in group A vs. -11+/-23 mm Hg in group B). In both groups, the Pco2 gap (group A, 6+/-7 mm Hg [T1] and 5+/-6 mm Hg [T2], vs. group B, 9+/-10 mm Hg [T1] and 12+/-10 mm Hg [T2]) remained unchanged compared with the baseline. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that low-dose dopexamine improves PtissO2 at the serosal side of the gut, preferably at the small bowel. However, low-dose dopexamine did not improve gastric PmucCO2.     

硝酸甘油复合艾司洛尔用于维持腹腔镜胆囊切除术中循环功能稳定的研究

目的观察硝酸甘油复合艾司洛尔用于维持腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中循环功能稳定的可行性。方法选择90例LC的患者,随机分为3组:A组为对照组,B组为硝酸甘油组,C组为硝酸甘油复合艾司洛尔组,每组各30例。3组均选用全麻。在二氧化碳充气前5min,B组开始硝酸甘油静脉泵注,C组除硝酸甘油外同时复合艾司洛尔0.1mg/(kg·min)持续静脉泵注,并根据MAP的波动调节硝酸甘油的泵注速度,手术结束时停用硝酸甘油和艾司洛尔。观察并记录气腹前(T0)、气腹后15min(T1)、气腹后30min(T2)及术毕10min(T3)的MAP、HR、SpO2、ECG、PETCO2的情况,并计算HR与收缩压(SBP)的乘积(RPP)及B、C两组硝酸甘油的用药量。结果T1、T2、T3与T0比较,A组MAP、HR、RPP明显增加(P<0.05),B组HR和RPP明显增加(P<0.05);T3与T2、T0比较,B组MAP、HR、RPP明显增加(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3时,B组与A组比较,MAP明显降低(P<0.05),C组与A组比较,MAP、HR、RPP明显降低(P<0.05);C组硝酸甘油的用量明显低于B组(P<0.05)。结论硝酸甘油复合艾司洛尔可有效地维持腹腔镜胆囊切除术中循环功能稳定。     

七氟醚不同诱导方法在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的观察七氟醚不同诱导方法在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用效果。方法择期行妇科腹腔镜手术患者60例,随机分为面罩肺活量吸入法诱导组(A组)与面罩潮气量吸入法诱导组(B组)。记录睫毛反射消失时间、喉罩插入时间、血流动力学指标、喉罩拔除时间、意识恢复时间及不良反应。结果 A组睫毛反射消失时间短于B组(P<0.01);A组喉罩插入时间短于B组(P<0.01);2组拔除喉罩时间、意识恢复时间、不良反应的发生率差异无统计学意义。结论 2种七氟醚吸入诱导方法均可获得良好的喉罩插入条件,面罩肺活量吸入诱导法起效更为迅速。     

输卵管妊娠腹腔镜保守手术治疗和化学药物保守治疗疗效对比观察

目的 对比观察腹腔镜保守手术和化学药物对输卵管妊娠治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析该院2007年6月～2009年2月收治的94例输卵管妊娠患者,按照治疗方法不同分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=46),观察组予腹腔镜保守手术,对照组予甲氨蝶呤-米非司酮化疗,对两组出院时情况及随访结果进行比较分析.结果 观察组有效率97.92％,对照组为93.48％.观察组住院时间及出院时血HCG水平明显低于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).观察组患侧输卵管通畅率和再次宫内孕的发生率明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).两组同侧异位妊娠的发生率比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 与化学药物保守治疗相比,尽管腹腔镜保守手术预防再次同侧异位妊娠的效果不明显,但仍具有明显优势,是输卵管妊娠保守治疗中一种安全、可靠的方法.