放松训练对突发性耳聋患者的影响

目的 探讨治疗突发性耳聋患者有效的护理措施.方法 将符合突发性耳聋患者60例,按入院顺序随机分为两组,实验组30例,对照组30例.两组患者采用同样的治疗和常规护理外,实验组进行放松训练,对两组患者的焦虑、抑郁值及睡眠情况进行评价.结果 两组患者焦虑及抑郁值比较,实验组较对照组降低,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05);实验组患者睡眠质量明显改善.结论 放松训练是治疗突发性耳聋患者有效的护理措施.     

放松训练对突发性耳聋患者的影响

Objective To investigate the effective nursing intervention on sudden deafness patients.Methods Sixty patients were divided into experiment group and control group,each with 30 cases.Relaxation training was exerted on experiment group patients,while the control group patients were just used usual nursing and therapy.The value of anxiety and depression,sleep quality were evaluated between them.Results The value of anxiety and depression of experiment group patients was significantly lower than that in control group (P ＜0.05) .In addition,sleep quality was obviously improved in experiment group patients.Conclusions Relaxation training is an effective nursing intervention to cure sudden deafness patients.     

鼻咽癌58例误诊分析

目的 :探讨鼻咽癌误诊的原因 ,以达到减少误诊 ,提高早期诊断率 ,改善疗效。方法 :对 131例确诊鼻咽癌患者作回顾性分析 ,了解引起误诊的原因。结果 :131例确诊患者中误诊 5 8例 ,占 4 4 3% ,科室涉及内科 ,眼科 ,外科 ,神经内科 ,耳鼻喉科 ,全科医生。结论 :鼻咽癌早期症状不典型 ,解剖位置隐蔽 ,粘膜下型活检时不易取到肿瘤组织 ,有的医生缺乏对本病的认识 ,鼻咽癌普查的缺乏 ,也是导致误诊的主要原因。     

Evaluation of the effect of Benson's relaxation technique on pain and quality of life of haemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial

Background

Haemodialysis patients may suffer from pain and impairment of quality of life. Some complementary interventions, such as relaxation therapy, might affect the pain and quality of life. The present study aimed to identify the effectiveness of Benson's relaxation technique in relieving pain and improving the quality of life in haemodialysis patients.

Study design

The study was a randomized controlled trial.

Setting and participants

The data were collected in two haemodialysis units affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. A total of 86 haemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention (receiving Benson's relaxation technique) or the control group (routine care) from 2011 to 2012.

Intervention

The patients in the intervention groups listened to the audiotape of relaxation technique twice a day each time for 20 min for eight weeks.

Measurements and outcomes

The pain numeric rating scale and Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index-dialysis version questionnaire were completed at baseline and 8 weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and ANCOVA.

Results

The results of ANCOVA showed a significant difference between the intervention and the control group concerning the mean score of the intensity of pain (F = 6.03, p = 0.01). Moreover, a significant difference was found between the intervention and the control group regarding the total quality of life (F = 10.20, p = 0.002) and health-functioning (F = 8.64, p = 0.004), socioeconomic (F = 12.45, p = 0.001), and family (F = 8.52, p = 0.005) subscales of quality of life.

Conclusion

These findings indicated that Benson's relaxation technique might relieve the intensity of pain and improve the quality of life in haemodialysis patients. Thus, Benson's relaxation technique could be used as part of the care practice for relieving the pain intensity and improvement of the quality of life in haemodialysis patients.     

The effects of Pilates training on static and dynamic balance of female deaf students: A randomized controlled trial

IntroductionTo evaluate the effect of Pilates training on static and dynamic balance of deaf female.MethodsThis study is a randomized, controlled trial with concealed randomization and blinded assessments. 19 female deaf students participated in this study and were randomly assigned into experimental (EXP, n = 9) and control (CON, n = 10) groups. Static balance was examined by Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), and dynamic balance was examined by Y balance test (YBT). The experimental group performed a Pilates training program for 8 weeks (three sessions of 60 min).ResultsThe findings showed that experimental group showed a significant change in static balance (with open eye and close eye) and dynamic balance (dominant limb and non-dominant limb) after 8 weeks Pilates training (p < 0.05). The control also showed no significant changes after training duration (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study showed that Pilates training significantly improve balance in female deaf students.     

放松训练对肺癌患者康复效果的影响

目的：探讨围术期放松训练对肺癌患者康复效果的影响。方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月我院肺科肺癌患者120例,按随机数字表法随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例。对照组进行常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上采取音乐疗法、渐进性肌肉放松及引导性想象等放松训练方法。干预后比较两组患者的生理、心理状况及疼痛度。结果干预前,两组患者状态焦虑问卷得分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,干预后干预组患者的状态焦虑问卷得分明显低于对照组,差异有显著统计学意义（ P＜0.01）。干预前,两组患者Rotterdam症状检测量表的生理纬度、心理纬度及总计得分差异无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）,干预后干预组患者的Rotterdam症状检测量表的生理纬度、心理纬度及总计得分明显低于对照组,差异有显著统计学意义（ P＜0.01）。结论放松训练可有效缓解患者的焦虑情绪,降低身体的不适感及疼痛度。     

肌肉放松训练对乳腺癌患者围手术期生活质量的影响

目的探讨渐进性肌肉放松训练对围手术期乳腺癌患者抑郁、焦虑和生活质量的影响。方法选取西安市两所综合三级甲等医院围手术期的乳腺癌患者200名为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组各100名,对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理基础上进行5周的渐进性肌肉放松训练,采用乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)与焦虑自评量表(SAS),分别在入院第1天及干预后第5周后测评研究对象的生活质量和抑郁及焦虑变化情况。结果观察组患者经5周的肌肉放松训练后,生活质量得分、抑郁及焦虑评分较对照组患者有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论渐进性肌肉放松训练能有效改善围手术期乳腺癌患者的生活质量,缓解其抑郁与焦虑等不良心理状态,应广泛应用到乳腺癌患者的术后康复护理中。     

鼻咽癌颅神经损害MRI诊断

目的：探讨鼻咽癌颅神经损害MRI表现特征及其诊断价值。材料和方法：选择经活检证实的鼻咽癌伴有颅神经损害的MRI资料32例进行分析。结果：（1）颅神经损害中，视神经7例，动眼神经6例，滑车神经4例，外展神经8例，面神经7例，听神经2例，舌咽神经12例，迷走神经8例，副神经6例，舌下神经6例。常伴多数颅神经损害。（2）颅底骨质破坏14例。（3）颅神经受累段增粗、移位与不清14例。（4）颅神经处软组织肿块病变5例。（5）颅神经萎缩、不清13例。（6）翼肌、咬肌和舌肌萎缩15例，T1加权呈低或等信号，T2加权呈高信号改变。结论：MRI可显示鼻呖癌颅神经损害的部位、范围和原发与继发改变，具有重要诊断价值。     

皮温生物反馈并放松训练治疗高血压病154例观察

目的　观察皮温生物反馈疗法治疗高血压病的效果。方法　将154例高血压病患者分为反馈组、对照组各62例及减(停)药组30例。反馈组、减药组应用皮温生物反馈治疗并放松训练,参照动态血压监测(ABPM)提示的血压高峰值,进行高峰前反馈的时间治疗。结果　在反馈治疗92例中,73例不同程度地减少乃至停用了降压药物,其中反馈组47例、减药组26例(9例停用了降压药)。结论　皮温反馈法不仅可作为Ⅰ期高血压病与临界高血压的首选疗法,也是Ⅱ、Ⅲ期高血压病的重要辅助疗法     

鼻咽癌颈部转移淋巴结的MRI分析

３５例鼻咽癌作了颈部ＭＲＩ检查，临床触诊和ＭＲＩ分别检出了４８枚和８２枚阳性淋巴结，其差别主要是ＭＲＩ能发现常规触诊不能发现的咽后区和部分上颈深区转移淋巴结；两种方法测量的淋巴结大小也有所不同，使ＴＮＭ分期中Ｎ的期别有可能发现变化；转移淋巴结在Ｔ１上表现为与肌肉较一致的等信号，Ｔ２像上为类似脂肪组织的高信号但不均匀，Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡ增强后出现明显的不均匀强化现象，与鼻咽部原发灶有类似的表现。     

放松训练时间对冠心病住院患者放松效果影响的简单效应分析

目的 探讨不同放松训练时间对冠心病患者放松效果的影响.方法 将108例冠心病患者按照匹配原则分为晨间组32例、晚间组40例和晨-晚间组(结合组)36例.分别采用晨间、晚间及晨晚间结合的方式进行放松训练.采用睡眠质量、焦虑情绪及催眠药物的使用量来评价3组的放松效果.结果 3组患者睡眠质量、焦虑情绪及催眠药物的使用量比较差异显著.时间因素在放松效果的变异中的主效应显著.晨间组与晚间组、结合组在提高睡眠质量和改善焦虑情绪的比较上差异显著.结论 晚间或早晚结合实施放松训练可有效提高冠心病住院患者睡眠质量、缓解焦虑情绪,减轻患者对催眠药物的倾向程度.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the influence of different relaxation training time on relaxation effect of patients with coronary heart disease. Methods 108 patients with coronary heart disease were randomly divided into the morning group, the night group and the morning-night group, each group adopted morning, night and morning-night relaxation training. The relaxation effect was compared between these groups. Results Significant difference existed in sleep quality, anxiety condition and hypnotic dose of the patients in these groups. The time factor played a significant role in the effect of relaxation. The morning group was different in sleep quality improvement and anxiety condition alleviation from the night group and the morning-night group. Conclusions Relaxation training at night or morning-night could effec-tively help improve the sleep quality of patients, decreasing the level of anxiety and tendency of hypnotic in pa-tients with coronary heart disease.     

放松训练配合聆听音乐对维持性血液透析患者负性情绪的影响

目的 探讨放松训练配合聆听音乐对血液透析患者负性情绪的影响.方法 将70例血液透析患者按随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各35例,对照组患者在透析期间由责任护士给予常规的护理、健康教育及常规出院指导.干预组患者在常规护理的基础上进行放松训练配合聆听音乐,分别于干预前及干预后3个月采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)作为评定工具评价2组患者的负性情绪.结果 干预前2组患者HAMD评分比较无差异;干预3个月后2组患者HAMD评分比较有差异,可见干预组患者在负性心理方面较对照组有明显改善.结论 放松训练配合聆听音乐能明显改善透析患者的不良情绪,值得临床推广应用.     

新生儿重症监护室环境下行个体化吞咽治疗对早产儿喂养障碍的影响

目的 观察新生儿重症监护室（NICU）环境的个体化吞咽治疗对早产儿喂养障碍的影响。 方法 选取喂养障碍早产儿62例,孕期28至32周,随机分为治疗组34例和对照组28例。2组均接受早产儿临床常规治疗,即留置胃管按需喂养,治疗组在此治疗方案的基础上增加个体化吞咽治疗,包括口腔感觉运动刺激、进食训练、指导家长参与治疗、进食环境的改善、喂养工具的选择等。治疗前2周（治疗前,根据病历资料计算）和治疗2周后（治疗后）评估2组早产儿的日均增加奶量（mL）和日均增加体重（g）、留置胃管的时间、全经口喝奶的时间（d）、总住院时间（d）。 结果 治疗后,治疗组和对照组早产儿的日均增加奶量分别为（11.47±3.64）mL和（9.92±4.04）mL,日均增加体重分别为（23.26±5.65）g和（18.78±3.91）g,2组的日均增加奶量和增加体重较组内治疗前均显著增加,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且治疗组治疗后的日均增加奶量和增加体重均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后,治疗组的全经口喝奶时间、胃管留置时间、总住院时间分别为（10.28±4.96）d、（35.38±1.44）周和（43.23±7.26）d,显著优于对照组的（25.47±7.30）d、（37.24±1.39）周和（49.74±8.65）d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 基于NICU环境下的早期个体化吞咽治疗,可有效提高早产儿的喝奶量和体重,使早产儿尽早达到全经口进食,明显缩短胃管留置时间和住院天数。     

The effect of resistance training on sleep in Chinese older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Sleep disturbances affect approximately half of the older adult population and add additional risks of developing Alzheimer's disease. This study is to test the effects of a 12-week resistance training (RT) program on sleep in older adults residing in an assisted living facility in China. A total of 62 eligible participants were randomly assigned to RT (n = 31) or control group (n = 31). Participants in RT group participated in three 1-hour moderate intensity RT sessions per week for 12 weeks (at least 48 h between sessions). In the overall sample, sleep efficiency increased (P < 0.01), wake after sleep onset (P < 0.01) decreased in participants in RT group at post-intervention, compared to control group. Similar results were found in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The findings support that RT improves sleep efficiency and decreases sleep fragmentation in older adults in general and in those with MCI.     

Respiratory muscle training in restrictive thoracic disease: a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) in patients with restrictive thoracic disorders and intermittent noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV). DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Home-based RMT, with assessment in a primary care pulmonary center. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty patients with restrictive thoracic disorders; 28 patients completed the trial. INTERVENTION: Three months of RMT by isocapnic hyperpnea or sham training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Respiratory muscle strength and endurance, lung function, exercise performance, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). RESULTS: After RMT, maximal inspiratory mouth pressure was increased (27.6%+/-36.5%, P=.013). In patients who could perform cycle ergometer testing (n=17), peak oxygen consumption (2.24+/-3.39mLxkg(-1).min(-1) vs -1.71+/-2.54mLxkg(-1).min(-1), P=.014) and maximal work rate (9.4+/-14.8W vs -5.1+/-10.8W, P=.043) increased relative to a control group. Similar differences occurred regarding changes of HRQOL (physical performance, 3.3+/-11.4 score vs -6.6+/-9.0 score; P=.012) and time of ventilator use (-0.6+/-1.2h/d vs 0.4+/-0.5h/d, P=.010). Lung volumes, 12-second maximum voluntary ventilation, 6-minute walking distance, and blood gases were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with restrictive thoracic disorders and NPPV, RMT improved inspiratory muscle strength. Exercise performance and HRQOL were improved when the 2 groups were compared. RMT was practicable and safe despite severe respiratory impairment. Further evaluation, including different training intensities and modalities, seems warranted.     

Inspiratory muscular training in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial

Britto RR, Rezende NR, Marinho KC, Torres JL, Parreira VF, Teixeira-Salmela LF. Inspiratory muscular training in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of inspiratory muscular training (IMT) on measures of strength, resistance, functional performance, and quality of life (QOL) for chronic stroke survivors.

Design

Double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Research laboratory.

Participants

Subjects (N=21) with stroke (11 men, 10 women; maximal inspiratory pressure [MIP] <90% of predicted values) were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=11) and control groups (n=10); 18 participants completed all testing and training.

Interventions

Interventions were based on home-based training, with resistance adjusted biweekly to 30% of MIP for the experimental group. The control group underwent the same protocol without the threshold resistance valve. Both groups received home training 30 minutes a day 5 times a week for 8 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures

MIP, inspiratory muscular endurance (IME), functional performance, and QOL.

Results

There were significant between-group differences for the MIP and IME measures. Significant changes were observed for only the experimental group for MIP (67.8±14.6 at baseline to 102.2±26.0cmH₂O at posttraining) and IME (31.8±19.3 to 49.2±21.1cmH₂O). No statistically significant differences were observed for measures of functional performance and QOL.

Conclusions

Significant short-term effects of the IMT program for inspiratory strength and endurance were observed in chronic stroke survivors. These findings gave some indications that IMT may benefit people with stroke, and it is feasible to be included in rehabilitation interventions with this population.