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循证医学是近年来发展起来的一门新兴科学 ,是对传统经验医学的挑战。现已广泛应用于临床各个领域。现就循证医学的内容、方法及其在麻醉学研究中的应用作一综述。 相似文献
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用循证医学的思维方式解决外科工作中的实际问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
什么是循证医学(evidence-based medicine,EBM)?从字面上理解就是:“遵循证据做出医学决策和措施”,即在临床实践中,通过科学的方法获得最充分、最可靠的证据,并对患者做出最佳诊治决策的学问。EBM是临床医学的一个分支学科,它是以流行病学、统计学、现代信息学等为基础,结合临床医学实践而发展起来的。EBM中的最充分的证据是指最新的、最真实的、最大量的证据,这不仅包括个人的证据,而且包括人类社会已取得的所有证据。所谓最佳决策,是充分证据与患者实际情况的最佳结合。由于临床上很难找到病情完全相同的患者,每一次临床诊疗过程都可以说是一次探索和研究。在临床决策中,不仅证据要真实、充分,而且要结合患者的实际情况,比如患者的性别、年龄、体质、病程、生活条件、精神状态、观念等进行充分考虑。因此,只有将EBM应用于临床实践,才能做出最佳的临床决策,医生才尽到了最大的责任,患者才能获得最佳的治疗效果。 相似文献
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¥���� 《中国实用外科杂志》2011,31(1):7-9
普通外科逐步进入循证医学时代.但目前外科领域的循证医学研究数量少,质量不高.外科医生应重视循证医学研究,更现实的是利用好现有的循证医学资料.在此过程中,应对循证医学资料仔细分析,并在临床实践中合理运用,即在适当的时候,适合的病人中应用循证医学原则. 相似文献
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楼文晖 《中国实用外科杂志》2011,31(1):7-9
普通外科逐步进入循证医学时代。但目前外科领域的循证医学研究数量少,质量不高。外科医生应重视循证医学研究,更现实的是利用好现有的循证医学资料。在此过程中,应对循证医学资料仔细分析,并在临床实践中合理运用,即在适当的时候,适合的病人中应用循证医学原则。 相似文献
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循证医学与外科临床经验总结 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于目前外科临床经验总结中不少还存在一些不科学部分 ,有必要强调循证医学概念在外科经验总结中贯彻的重要意义 ,兹就循证医学的概念及其中临床试验、治疗结局研究和临床实践指导准则等要求加以复习。 相似文献
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Undergraduate surgical education is evolving in line with societal changes, the growth of information technology, developments in educational processes, and shifts in the health-care industry. The underlying principles include the establishment of a strong linkage between the objectives and content of curricula, the identification of core knowledge and appropriate attitudes, achieving competence in basic skills, the creation of greater integration, and the promotion of study in depth. The aim of the present paper was to provide surgeons with an overview of these developments. 相似文献
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The present review is aimed at providing an overview of the assessment process. The mode of assessment has a powerful influence on the learning behaviour of students. It is therefore important to ensure that there is congruity between the objective, the task and the test. In other words: define it, teach it, examine it. It is difficult to evaluate many of the attributes that we desire in a doctor; and examples of this include empathy, ethical behaviour, problem-solving skills, ability to self-educate and teamwork. Nevertheless, it is generally agreed that it is better to measure uncertainly the significant than to measure reliably and validly the trivial. Furthermore different methods of assessment suit different educational objectives (fitness for purpose) and this supports the use of multiple assessment techniques. 相似文献
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Hallikainen J Väisänen O Rosenberg PH Silfvast T Niemi-Murola L 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》2007,51(3):372-377
BACKGROUND: Emergency medicine is team work from the field to the hospital and therefore it is also important for physicians to understand the work of paramedics, and vice versa. Interprofessional emergency medicine education for medical and paramedic students in Helsinki was started in 2001. It consisted of a 15 European credit transfer system (ECTS) credits programme combining 22 students in 2001. In 2005, the number of students had increased to 25. The programme consisted of three parts: acute illness in childhood and adults (AI), advanced life support (ALS) and trauma life support (TLS). In this paper, we describe the concept of interprofessional education of medical students and paramedics in emergency medicine. METHODS: After finishing the programmes in 2001 and in 2005, the students' opinions regarding the education were collected using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: There were good ratings for the courses in AI (2001 vs. 2005, whole group; 4.3 +/- 0.7 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.4, P = 0.44) ALS (4.7 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.5, P = 0.06) and TLS (3.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.5, P = 0.01) in both years. Most of the medical students considered that this kind of co-education should be arranged for all medical students (2001 vs. 2005; 4.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.5, P = 0.02) and should be obligatory (3.5 +/- 1.5 vs. 3.1 +/- 1.3, P = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Co-education was well received and determined by the students as an effective way of improving their knowledge of emergency medicine and medical skills. The programme was rated as very useful and it should be included in the educational curriculum of both student groups. 相似文献
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Giorgina Barbara Piccoli Elisabetta Mezza Salvatore Bontempo Manuel Burdese Giorgio Soragna Massimo Gai Valentina Consiglio Alberto Jeantet Giuseppe Paolo Segoloni Giuseppe Piccoli Tullia Todros 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(11):2909-2913