C反应蛋白对高血压发展为冠心病的风险预测

目的预测C反应蛋白对高血压发展为冠心病的风险。方法选择2012年1月-2013年6月在我院接受治疗的高血压患者96例（高血压组,包括高血压I级35例,II级41例,III级20例）,冠心病患者106例（冠心病组,包括无心衰55例,心衰I度16例,II度22例,III度13例）,以及自愿参加研究的健康人50例（对照组）,对三组血液中C反应蛋白进行检测及对比。结果 I、II、III级高血压患者的C反应蛋白水平分别为（5.12±0.22）mg/L、（5.89±0.33）mg/L、（8.20±1.15）mg/L;冠心病组患者C反应蛋白为无心衰者（5.19±0.36）mg/L,心衰I度者（6.01±0.34）mg/L,II度者（10.95±0.86）mg/L,III度者（12.81±0.99）mg/L;对照组C反应蛋白水平为（2.83±0.41）mg/L,P〈0.05,数据差异具有统计学意义;对照组C反应蛋白水平低于高血压组患者及冠心病组患者;高血压组C反应蛋白水平对比,I级及II级患者明显低于III级患者;冠心病组C反应蛋白水平对比,心衰I明显低于II度及III度患者。结论 C反应蛋白水平不仅能够提出高血压病情发展程度,还可从侧面反应冠状动脉粥样病变发展情况,其值越高说明风险性越高。     

原发性高血压患者高敏C反应蛋白与动脉弹性的关系

目的探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与动脉弹性的相关性。方法选择EH患者138例,分为单纯高血压组(无颈动脉粥样硬化)67例,硬化组(合并颈动脉粥样硬化)71例,对照组46例,检测血压、身高、体重、体重指数(BM I)及生化指标、hs-CRP水平,并检测肱-踝脉搏波传导速度(ba-PWV)值。结果 (1)对照组、单纯高血压组、硬化组的ba-PWV值依次升高,硬化组显著高于单纯高血压组(P0.05),显著高于对照组(P0.01);对照组、单纯高血压组、硬化组的hs-CRP值依次升高,单纯高血压组、硬化组显著高于对照组(P0.01),而硬化组又显著高于单纯高血压组(P0.01)。(2)ba-PWV与年龄、收缩压、肌酐、hs-CRP正相关(r=0.31,P0.01;r=0.26,P0.01;r=0.24,P0.01;r=0.69,P0.01),偏相关分析显示:ba-PWV与hs-CRP呈正相关(r=0.68,P0.01),多元逐步回归分析显示:ba-PWV与年龄、hs-CRP呈正相关(r=0.28,P0.01;r=0.67,P0.01)。结论 hs-CRP与ba-PWV有相关性,两者均是早期诊断动脉粥样硬化疾病的敏感指标。     

降钙素原水平与C反应蛋白对重症慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的预测价值

目的研究血清降钙素原(PCT)水平、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平对重症慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)的预测价值。方法选取107例重症慢阻肺患者,测定初始及72 h PCT水平及CRP水平,按初始PCT水平分为PCT低水平组(PCT0.5μg/L)和高水平组(PCT≥0.5μg/L),计算入ICU 24 h急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEII)评分,比较两组APACHEⅡ评分、机械通气时间及28天病死率。按28天转归分为死亡组及存活组,观察各组PCT水平及CRP水平。结果 PCT高水平组APACHEⅡ评分、机械通气时间与28天病死率明显高于PCT低水平组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。死亡组初始PCT水平及CRP水平均高于存活组,其中PCT水平有统计学意义,CRP水平无统计学意义。存活组72 h PCT水平及CRP水平均较初始水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。死亡组72 h PCT水平及CRP水平与初始水平相比无下降甚至有升高。结论 PCT水平及CRP水平对评估重症慢阻肺患者严重程度及预后具有一定的临床价值,动态变化意义更大。     

血清高敏C反应蛋白浓度与高血压病的相关性研究

目的　探讨血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度与高血压病的关系。方法　对开滦集团公司2 2 0 9名离休职工健康查体 ,检测血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度及其他生化指标 ,比较高血压组和正常血压组及不同血压水平组间血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度的差异。结果　 2 2 0 9人中符合研究目的且资料完整的共计 2 16 9人 ,其中确诊高血压病患者 12 0 5例。高血压组、正常血压组血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度分别为 (1 97± 1 84 )mg/L和 (1 0 8± 1 2 4 )mg/L(P <0 0 0 1)。收缩压、舒张压水平随血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度增加而增高 (P <0 0 0 1)。非吸烟组、糖尿病组、超重及肥胖组血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度分别为 (1 87± 1 4 3)mg/L、(2 0 9± 1 85 )mg/L和 (1 5 8± 1 6 1)mg/L ,均高于吸烟组、非糖尿病组、非超重及肥胖组的 (1 33± 1 10 )mg/L、(1 2 3± 1 4 0 )mg/L、(0 82± 1 0 6 )mg/L (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　血清高敏C 反应蛋白浓度与高血压病相关 ,炎症反应可能参与了高血压病的发生。     

高敏C反应蛋白水平对急性心肌梗塞并发心衰死亡率的预测价值

目的：探讨高敏C反应蛋白（CRP）预测急性心肌梗塞（AMI）并发心力衰竭（HF）死亡率的价值。方法：采用免疫比浊法测定51例AMI组,40例冠心病对照组患者入院第1d（1d）、第3d（3d）、第7d（7d）的高敏CRP（hs—CRP）水平。结果：AMI组的hs—CRP水平（3d,60mg／L）显著高于冠心病对照组（3d,13mg／L）,P〈0．001。AMI并发HF患者（31例）的hs—CRP水平[1d,（30±4）mg／L]显著高于未并发HF患者（20例）的[1d,（15士3）mg／L],P〈0．01。AMI者在1年内的总死亡率：第3dhs—CRP峰值≥85mg／L者为47％,hs-CRP峰值〈85mg／L者为8．8％,P〈0．001;HF的死亡率：第3dhs-CRP峰值≥85mg／L者为23．5％,hs-CRP峰值〈85mg／L者为2．9％,P〈0．001。说明第3d的hs-CRP水平峰值与1年内的死亡率有关。结论：hs—CRP水平可做为预测AMI1年内总死亡率和HF死亡率的一项重要指标。     

C-reactive protein and nitric oxide level in patients with white coat hypertension

Abstract Background. There are controversial results regarding the endothelial function in patients with white coat hypertension (WCH). The aim of this study was to assess endothelial function measuring nitric oxide (NO) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level in WCH and to compare those with essential hypertension (EH) and healthy subjects. Methods. The 40 newly diagnosed patients with EH, 40 patients with WCH and 40 healthy volunteers were included to study. Plasma CRP levels were measured by immunonephelometery method. Plasma NO level was also detected by using the Griess method. Results. Plasma CRP level was significantly higher in patients with EH when compared with those with WCH and healthy subjects (6.3 ± 2.1 mg/l, 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/l and 1.6 ± 1.3 mg/l, p < 0.05, respectively). However, there was no significant difference with respect to CRP level between those with WCH and healthy subjects. NO level was significantly lower in patients with EH when compared with those with WCH and healthy subjects (4.6 ± 1.1 μmol/l, 6.9 ± 1.2 μmol/l and 8.1 ± 1.5 μmol/l, p < 0.05, respectively). There was no significant difference with respect to NO level between those with WCH and healthy subjects. Plasma CRP level was positively correlated with office, daytime, night-time and 24-h blood pressure values, whereas NO level was inversely correlated with these parameters. Plasma CRP level was also inversely correlated with NO level. Conclusions. Our data suggest that CRP concentration is significantly higher and NO level is meaningfully lower in patients with essential hypertension when compared with those with WCH and controls. This may suggest that endothelial functions are preserved in patients with WCH in contrast to essential hypertension.     

Predictive value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND:Serum C-reactive protein(CRP) increases and albumin decreases in patients with inflammation and infection.However,their role in patients with acute pancreatitis is not clear.The present study was to investigate the predictive significance of the CRP/albumin ratio for the prognosis and mortality in acute pancreatitis patients.METHODS:This study was performed retrospectively with 192 acute pancreatitis patients between January 2002 and June 2015.Ranson scores,Atlanta classification and CRP/albumin ratios of the patients were calculated.RESULTS:The CRP/albumin ratio was higher in deceased patients compared to survivors.The CRP/albumin ratio was positively correlated with Ranson score and Atlanta classification in particular and with important prognostic markers such as hospitalization time,CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.In addition to the CRP/albumin ratio,necrotizing pancreatitis type,moderately severe and severe Atlanta classification,and total Ranson score were independent risk factors of mortality.It was found that an increase of 1 unit in the CRP/albumin ratio resulted in an increase of 1.52 times in mortality risk.A prediction value about CRP/albumin ratio 16.28 was found to be a significant marker in predicting mortality with 92.1% sensitivity and 58.0% specificity.It was seen that Ranson and Atlanta classification were higher in patients with CRP/albumin ratio 16.28 compared with those with CRP/albumin ratio ≤16.28.Patients with CRP/albumin ratio 16.28 had a 19.3 times higher chance of death.CONCLUSION:The CRP/albumin ratio is a novel but promising,easy-to-measure,repeatable,non-invasive inflammationbased prognostic score in acute pancreatitis.     

C-reactive protein in hypertension: clinical significance and predictive value

Mild elevations in C-reactive protein concentration predict myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular death in a variety of clinical settings. Despite the lack of specific evidence that C-reactive protein levels are independently associated with cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension, the prognostic value of C-reactive protein has proven to be complementary to that of blood pressure values.Recent epidemiological evidence has indicated a link between hypertension and increased C-reactive protein levels, and there are some indications that C-reactive protein may predict the future development of hypertension. Vessel wall inflammation is part of the vascular changes observed in animal models of hypertension. C-reactive protein is involved in the complex pathways leading to endothelial dysfunction, increased peripheral vascular resistance, and large artery stiffness in hypertension. In this regard, the role of C-reactive protein as a marker or a causal factor in promoting hypertension and its complications remains, however, to be elucidated.In this review, various aspects of the pathogenesis of inflammation in hypertension are summarized and connected with clinical studies that address the role of C-reactive protein in hypertensive disease.     

Predictive value of C-reactive protein in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing coronary artery stent implantation

This study was aimed at establishing the relation between baseline C-reactive protein levels and 12-month outcome in patients with unstable angina successfully treated with coronary artery stent implantation. Our results suggest that in patients with unstable angina and 1-vessel coronary disease successfully treated with coronary artery stent implantation, normal baseline serum levels of C-reactive protein identify a subgroup of patients at low risk of cardiac events during follow-up.     

Association between C-reactive protein and hypertension in healthy middle-aged men and women

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain whether C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker related to increased cardiovascular risk, is associated with blood pressure in a sample of healthy, middle-aged people. METHODS AND RESULTS: A case-control study among 904 participants, 39-50 years old, from a cardiovascular risk screening study. Participants with systolic blood pressure > or =140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or =90 mmHg (n=120) were considered as case participants and all others as control participants (n=784). Exposure was defined using quintiles of high-sensitivity CRP among control participants. A continuous increase in blood pressure was observed across CRP quintiles. Systolic blood pressure increased 1.17 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.60-1.74] and diastolic blood pressure 1.04 mmHg (95% CI, 0.64-1.45) from one quintile to the next. The prevalence of hypertension was 13.3% and it increased with CRP exposure: Q1, 8.9%; Q2, 11.9%; Q3, 12.2%; Q4, 14.3%; and Q5, 18.6%. After adjustment for sex, obesity, race, serum insulin level and family history of coronary heart disease, odds ratios for hypertension increased progressively across CRP quintiles. Participants in the highest CRP quintile were 2.35 times more likely to have hypertension than those in the lowest quintile (P=0.03, trend test P=0.04). CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with a continuous, independent association between serum CRP and elevated blood pressure.     

Pulmonary arterial hypertension in women

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare condition characterized by sustained elevation in pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure. BACKGROUND: PAH afflicts predominantly women. Echocardiography is the initial investigation of choice for non-invasive detection of PAH but right-heart catheterization is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Conventional treatment includes non-specific drugs (warfarin, diuretics, oxygen). The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist bosentan, the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil, and prostanoids have been shown to improve symptoms, exercise capacity and haemodynamics. Intravenous prostacyclin is the first-line treatment for the most severely affected patients. Despite the most modern treatment the overall mortality rate of pregnant women with severe PAH remains high. Therefore, pregnancy is contraindicated in women with PAH and an effective method of contraception is recommended in women of childbearing age. Therapeutic abortion should be offered, particularly when early deterioration occurs. If this option is not accepted, intravenous prostacyclin should be considered promptly. VIEWPOINTS AND CONCLUSION: Recent advances in the management of PAH have markedly improved prognosis and have resulted in more women of childbearing age considering pregnancy. A multidisciplinary approach should give new insights into cardiopulmonary, obstetric and anaesthetic management during pregnancy, delivery and the post-partum period.     

Pulmonary arterial hypertension in women

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare condition characterized by sustained elevation in pulmonary arterial resistance leading to right heart failure. BACKGROUND: PAH afflicts predominantly women. Echocardiography is the initial investigation of choice for non-invasive detection of PAH but right-heart catheterization is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Conventional treatment includes non-specific drugs (warfarin, diuretics, oxygen). The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist bosentan, the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil, and prostanoids have been shown to improve symptoms, exercise capacity and haemodynamics. Intravenous prostacyclin is the first-line treatment for the most severely affected patients. Despite the most modern treatment, the overall mortality rate of pregnant women with severe PAH remains high. Therefore, pregnancy is contraindicated in women with PAH and an effective method of contraception is recommended in women of childbearing age. Therapeutic abortion should be offered, particularly when early deterioration occurs. If this option is not accepted, intravenous prostacyclin should be considered promptly. VIEWPOINTS AND CONCLUSION: Recent advances in the management of PAH have markedly improved prognosis and have resulted in more women of childbearing age considering pregnancy. A multidisciplinary approach should give new insights into cardiopulmonary, obstetric and anaesthetic management during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period.     

Prognostic value of C-reactive protein and troponin T level in patients with unstable angina pectoris

OBJECTIVES: The prognosis of unstable angina pectoris may be more accurately predicted by the combination of C-reactive protein (CRP), which is a known inflammation marker, and troponin T (TnT), which is used for risk assessment for the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome. The present study investigated the correlations between pathophysiology and prognosis of severe unstable angina pectoris and CRP and TnT levels. METHODS: The correlation between CRP at admission and the prognosis was studied in 367 patients with severe unstable angina pectoris (Braunwald type II and III) who were admitted to our hospital between January 1998 and December 2000. The in-hospital and long-term prognosis was investigated in TnT-positive patients. In-hospital cardiac events were defined as death, myocardial infarction, heart failure and angina attacks during hospitalization. Long-term cardiac events were defined as death, myocardial infarction, heart failure and recurrence of angina. RESULTS: The incidence of in-hospital cardiac events in all patients was 30.2%. The CRP levels were higher in patients with cardiac events (0.97 +/- 2.67 vs 0.53 +/- 1.29 mg/d/, p = 0.057), but there was no significant difference between the two groups. The incidence of long-term cardiac events was 26.8%. The mean CRP level was significantly higher in patients with cardiac events than in patients without cardiac events (1.17 +/- 1.86 vs 0.43 +/- 1.14 mg/dl, p = 0.098). In TnT-positive patients (TnT > 0.1 ng/ml, 23% of all patients), the incidence of in-hospital cardiac events was 47.6% (p < 0.0001), significantly higher than that in all patients. TnT-positive patients with CRP levels of 0.5 mg/dl or higher (8% of all patients) had a markedly higher incidence of in-hospital cardiac events of 56.7% (p = 0.001) and long-term cardiac events of 46.7% (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: CRP levels were useful in prediction of the long-term prognosis. TnT levels were useful in prediction of in-hospital prognosis. The present study suggested the possibility that the combined use of these biological markers could predict the prognosis of patients with unstable angina at early stage and more accurately.     

PCT及CRP在肺部感染患者机械通气撤机中的预测价值

目的探讨血浆降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与肺部感染患者机械通气撤机结局间的关系。方法回顾性分析入住广安门医院重症监护病房的重症肺部感染患者30例,在患者入院第二天及达到撤机标准行自主呼吸试验(spontaneous breathing trials,SBT)前检测PCT及CRP水平,如通过SBT则予撤机拔管。根据48 h内的撤机结局,将患者分为成功组及失败组。比较两组间性别、年龄、APACHEⅡ评分、机械通气时间、PCT及CRP水平,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线),计算曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC),评价PCT及CRP水平对撤机结局的预测价值。结果 30例患者中,撤机成功组24例,失败组6例,两组男女比例、年龄及APACHEⅡ评分、机械通气时间、入院第二天PCT及CRP水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。撤机成功组撤机前PCT及CRP水平均较失败组低(P0.05)。PCT的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为(0.885±0.061),最佳截点值为0.71 ng/ml,此时的敏感度为83.3%,特异性为20.8%;CRP的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为(0.382±0.138)(P0.05)。结论 PCT在预测肺部感染患者撤机结局中有一定价值,可作为撤机参考指标之一。     

超敏C-反应蛋白和C-反应蛋白的测定对SARS的诊断价值

目的　研究血清超敏C -反应蛋白 (hs -CRP )和C -反应蛋白 (CRP)对严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)的诊断价值。方法　SARS病人 2 0例、细菌性肺炎病人 2 0例、健康对照 2 0例 ,血清hs -CRP和CRP采用胶乳免疫比浊法全自动定量测定。结果　hs -CRP和CRP测定结果分别为 :健康对照组 (0 6 9± 0 6 2 )mg/L和 (4 4± 0 9)mg/L、细菌性肺炎组 (10 79± 1 36 )mg/L和 (98 0± 2 8 9)mg/L、SARS组 (3 16± 3 72 )mg/L和 (11 0± 9 6 )mg/L。三组间差异均有显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　SARS病人和细菌性肺炎病人早期血清hs -CRP和CRP均升高 ,但细菌性肺炎病人升高更加显著 ,比SARS组分别增加 2 4倍和 7 9倍 ,对SARS与细菌性性肺炎的鉴别诊断有重要意义