发病时间对选择性经皮冠脉腔内成形术围术期左室功能的影响

 为观察冠心病发病时间对选择性PTCA围术期左室功能的影响,应用二维超声心动图(2DE),对成功地实施选择性经皮冠脉腔内成形术(FIVA)的25例患者,动态观察其围术期左室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏量(SV)、左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)及左室收缩末容积(LVESV)的演变.发现发病≤2 a者围术期LVEF增加(P<0.05),LVEDV及LVESV缩小(分别P<0.05及P<0.01),SV无变化(P>0.05);发病>2 a者虽有LVEDV及LVESV减少(均P<0.05),但LVEF及SV无变化(均P>0.05).提示较早实施选择性PTCA者左室功能改善较明显;反映左室功能改善的2DE指标中,LVEDV及LVESV较LVEF及SV敏感.     

依那普利联合卡维地洛治疗无症状性心力衰竭的研究

目的 :观察依那普利联合卡维地洛对无症状心力衰竭患者心室重塑和心功能进展的影响。方法 :4 7例未经治疗的无症状性心力衰竭患者 ,随机分为治疗组 (依那普利 卡维地洛 )和对照组 (安慰剂 )治疗 12个月 ,治疗前后分别进行心功能 (NYHA)分级评估 ,并应用超声心动图测量左室射血分数 (LVEF)、左室收缩末期容积 (LVESV)和左室舒张末期容积 (LVEDV)。结果 :治疗组有 95 8%的患者心功能仍为Ⅰ级 ,对照组只有 6 8 2 %的患者心功能为Ⅰ级 (P <0 0 5 ) ;LVEF治疗组从 37 7%上升到 4 8 5 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,而对照组从 38 3%下降至 33 4 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,治疗组与对照组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组LVESV、LVEDV较治疗前明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,对照组LVESV、LVEDV继续恶化 ,但与治疗前相比无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :依那普利与卡维地洛联合治疗能抑制无症状心衰患者的心室重塑 ,提高左室射血分数 ,延缓无症状心衰的进展 ,降低心衰住院率。     

延迟性PTCA 对急性心肌梗死后左心功能和预后的影响

目的　评价延迟性PTCA对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)后左心功能和心脏事件的影响。方法　38例于AMI 2周后行延迟性PTCA(甲组 )和另 37例仅接受内科治疗 (乙组 ) ,均行住院和随访期ECT(左心室射血分数 ,LVEF)和超声心动图检查 (室壁运动异常积分 )及记录心脏事件发生率。结果　尽管两组平均LVEF相似 ,但甲组中 2 2例和乙组中 11例左心功能改善 (LVEF增加 >5 % ) (P <0 .0 1)。甲组心脏事件发生率 (2 8.9% )较乙组 (67.6% )明显减低 (P <0 .0 5 )。两组心源性病死率为 2 .6%和2 1.6% (P <0 .0 5 )。两组室壁运动异常积分均显著减低 (甲组 :10 .1± 5 .3和 9.0± 2 .9,P <0 .0 1;乙组 :11.6± 3.2和 10 .2± 3.9,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　延迟性PTCA能改善大部分AMI病人的左心功能 ,降低远期心脏事件和心源性病死率     

心脏磁共振实时单次采集电影成像在分析左室功能中的应用

目的对比实时单次采集(Real-time Single-shot)快速电影序列与传统分段采集电影成像,探索此电影序列分析左室功能及测量左室室壁厚度的可行性和准确性。方法选择健康自愿者32例,3.0T磁共振仪32通道心脏线圈采集,分别行左Real-time Single-shot快速电影序列与传统分段采集梯度回波电影成像序列,扫描层面对应,将左室分为16阶段,对比两组LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、LVSV、LVCO、左室室壁厚度的差别。结果评价LVEF、LVSV、LVCO时real-timeMRI技术与传统梯度回波电影成像序列P0.05有很好的一致性。而LVEDV左室舒张末期容积及LVESV左室收缩末期容积P0.05存在统计学差异。节段室壁厚度除5节段P=0.05,第11节段P=0.048,P0.05外,其他节段均P0.05。结论 Real-time电影MRI能够在生理范围的心率被用于准确量化整个心动周期的左室容积,左室室壁厚度,减少心脏MRI检查的必须时间。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术中脉搏血氧饱和度监测的临床意义

 目的 观察急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention, PCI)中脉搏血氧饱和度水平与急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者临床疗效和预后的关系。方法 选择进行急诊PCI的AMI患者132例,术中持续监测脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO₂),依据术中SpO₂水平将患者分为观察组(SpO₂＜90%,n=64)和对照组(SpO₂≥90%,n=68)。所有患者均行急诊PCI治疗。观察两组患者冠状动脉血管病变支数,术后四周两组间的左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、舒张末期容积(LVEDV)和左室射血分数(LVEF);两组患者住院期间、术后6个月内的主要心脏不良事件和6个月时的6分钟步行试验(six-minute walk test,6MWT)。结果 观察组冠状动脉病变支数较对照组多[(1.9±0.9)vs(1.2±0.8),P<0.05)],前降支为梗死相关血管的比例多于对照组(62.6% vs 41.2%,P<0.05);术后4周观察组的LVESV、LVEDV较对照组高,LVEF较对照组低,差异有统计学意义。观察组6个月时的6 MWT距离较对照组短,且住院期间、术后6个月的主要不良心脏事件发生率较对照组高,差异有统计学意义。结论 急诊PCI术中脉搏血氧饱和度水平是评价AMI患者临床疗效和预后的一种可靠指标。     

电子束CT对冠状动脉搭桥术前后左心室功能的评价

目的　比较电子束CT(EBCT)测定冠状动脉搭桥手术 (CABG)前后心功能相关指标的变化 ,对手术效果进行评价。方法　术前全组 2 2例患者均行EBCT测定心功能指标 :左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积 (LVESV)、每搏输出量 (LVSV)、左室射血分数 (LVEF)、心输出量 (CO)和心脏指数 (CI) ,评价心室室壁运动记分。术后 1～ 6个月内复查EBCT测定上述指标。为了更好地作手术前后的比较 ,将全组患者根据有无心肌梗死史和室壁运动情况分为 2组 :无心肌梗死史、心室造影证实室壁运动正常或仅中度以下减低为Ⅰ组 (14例 ) ,有心肌梗死史、室壁运动严重减低或更甚者为Ⅱ组 (8例 )。结果　Ⅰ组病例术后LVEDV、LVESV比术前明显减少 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,LVEF、CO、CI明显增加 (P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 0 1)。Ⅱ组病例各项指标与手术前比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )。术前室壁运动中度下降的有 33个节段 ,术后有 2 8个节段 (84 .8% )恢复正常 ;严重下降有 15个节段 ,术后有 5个节段 (33.3% )有改善 ;无运动 10个节段 ,术后仅有 1个节段有改善 (10 % )。结论　EBCT能有效评价CABG效果 ,适用于冠心病患者术前检查及术后长期随访。     

组织速度成像评估左心室等容收缩期心肌收缩协调性

目的:探讨原发性扩张型心肌病(DCM)左室等容收缩期心肌收缩协调性的意义.材料和方法:测定14例DCM患者和22例正常人左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)和左室射血分数(LVEF).于组织速度成像(TVI)模式下测量QRS波起始点至左室18个节段心肌Vic的时限(TQ-IC),计算同节段6壁间最大差值(Inter-△TQ-IC)、同壁内3节段间最大差值(Intra-ATQ-IC)、18节段间最大差值(Max-ΔTQ-IC)及18节段平均值(Mean-TQ-IC).计算左室Tei指数.结果:与正常人相比,DCM LVEDV、LVESV、Tei指数增大,LVEF减小,Intra-ΔTQ-IC、Inter-ΔTQ-IC、Max-ΔTQ-IC和Mean-ΔTQ-IC延长.DCM Max-ΔTQ-IC、Mean-ΔTQ-IC与LVEDV、LVESV、LVEF、Tei指数有良好相关性.结论:DCM左室等容收缩期存在非同步收缩运动,且与左室结构和功能关系密切.     

用硝酸酯-多巴酚丁胺门控心肌显像预测左室功能受损冠心病患者CABG后早期疗效

目的硝酸酯与小剂量多巴酚丁胺结合99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）显像检测存活心肌,用于评价左室功能受损冠心病患者行冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）的价值.方法对38例接受CABG的患者术前行静息硝酸酯与小剂量多巴酚丁胺^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌显像,术后3个月进行静息心肌显像随访.结果①以左室射血分数（LVEF）术后较静息时的变化,患者被分为2组：A组19例,术后LVEF提高≥5%;B组19例,术后LVEF提高＜5%.A组可见术后LVEF提高（P＜0.001）,左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）明显缩小（P＜0.05）;B组术后LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV无明显改善（P＞0.05）.临床随访中B组有3例因心力衰竭再次住院治疗.②以术后LVEF提高≥5%作为标准,用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线得到多巴酚丁胺负荷试验过程中LVEF提高≥4.5%为预测值,A组中有10例,B组中有3例,阳性预测值为52.63%,阴性预测值为94.73%.③多巴酚丁胺负荷试验时LVEF与术后LVEF有明显相关性（r=0.83,P=0.000）;LVEDV、LVESV与术后LVEDV、LVESV有明显相关性（r分别为0.79和0.88,P均=0.000）.结论多巴酚丁胺负荷试验LVEF提高≥4.5%可作为术后LVEF提高的预测指标.     

心力衰竭患者左室Tei指数与左室收缩功能的相关性分析

目的 探讨心力衰竭患者左室Tei指数、左室收缩功能指标二者相关性.方法 应用脉冲多普勒超声测量104例左心衰竭患者的左室Tei指数,运用实时三维超声心动图测量104例左心衰竭患者的左心室舒张末期容积(LV-EDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)及射血分数(LVEF),分析心力衰竭患者Tei指数与LVEDV、LVESV及LVEF的相关性.结果 左心衰竭患者Tei指数与LVEDV和LVESV有较好的正相关性(r=0.634,P=0.000;r=0.788,P=0.000),与LVEF有较好的负相关性(r=-0.758,P=0.000).结论 左心衰竭患者左室Tei指数、左室收缩功能指标二者为密切相关,联合应用为准确评价左心衰患者左室整体功能提供有价值的信息.     

不同抗荷体质训练方法对空军青少年航空学校学生心脏结构与功能的影响

目的 通过超声心动图评估不同抗荷体质训练方法对空军青少年航空学校学生心脏结构与功能的影响.方法 随机抽取空军青少年航空学校2016级377名参加传统抗荷体质训练方法训练的高三学生为传统训练组(A组)、2017级300名参加改进抗荷体质训练方法训练的高三学生为改进训练组(B组).对比2组的超声心动图指标,包括:左室舒张末期室壁厚度(left ventricular end diastolic wall thickness,LVWd)、左室收缩末期室壁厚度(left ventricular end systolic wall thickness,LVWs)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVIDd)、左室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVIDs)、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室缩短分数(left ventricular fractional shortening,LVFS)、左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV)、左室每搏输出量(left ventricular stroke volume,LVSV)各参数,计算左室心肌重量(left ventricular myocardialweight,LVM)、室壁增厚率(left ventricular wall thickening fraction,LVWTF),并进行统计学分析.结果 改进训练组LVWs、LVIDd、LVIDs、LVEF、LVFS、LVEDV、LVESV、LVSV、LVWTF均大于传统训练组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而LVWd、LVM差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 改进抗荷体质训练方法,使学生心脏形态发生适应性代偿改变,有效提升了学生心脏功能.     

门控心肌灌注显像评估慢性心力衰竭患者左心室机械同步性的应用及其与纽约心功能分级的关系

目的 探讨门控心肌灌注显像（GMPI）在评估慢性心力衰竭患者左心室机械同步性中的应用价值及其与纽约心功能分级的关系,分析慢性心力衰竭患者发生左心室机械同步性失调的影响因素。 方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2021年12月在昆明医科大学附属延安医院行GMPI检查的81例慢性心力衰竭患者的临床资料,其中男性56例、女性25例,年龄（56.1±15.6）岁,同时纳入同期就诊的23名健康受检者为健康对照组,采集所有研究对象的GMPI指标[包括左心室射血分数（LVEF）、高峰充盈率（PFR）、左心室收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、相位分布标准差（PSD）、相位直方图带宽（PHB）、静息总积分（SRS）]和实验室检查结果[包括超敏C反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）、N末端B型利钠肽原（NTpro-BNP）],GMPI检查和实验室检查的时间间隔不超过7 d。通过Kruskal Wallis检验与Spearman相关性分析法分析GMPI各指标、Hs-CRP、NTpro-BNP与慢性心力衰竭患者纽约心功能分级的关系。2组间独立样本的比较采用 t 检验或Mann-Whitney U 检验,计数资料的组间比较采用卡方检验或Fisher确切概率法。通过Logistic回归分析探讨不同因素对慢性心力衰竭患者左心室机械同步性的影响。 结果 LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、PFR、PHB、PSD、Hs-CRP、NTpro-BNP在心功能Ⅰ级组、心功能Ⅱ级组、心功能Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组间的差异均有统计学意义（H=23.846、14.791、21.089、6.251、18.892、20.347、19.171、35.654,均P<0.05）;心功能Ⅰ级组慢性心力衰竭患者与健康对照组相比,LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、PFR、PSD、NTpro-BNP间的差异均有统计学意义（t=4.084,Z=3.462、3.038、3.519、3.489、2.203,均P<0.05）。SRS、LVESV、LVEDV、PHB、PSD、NTpro-BNP、Hs-CRP水平与纽约心功能分级呈正相关（r=0.235、0.547、0.474、0.481、0.458、0.671、0.439,均P<0.05）;LVEF、PFR与纽约心功能分级呈负相关（r=?0.563、?0.304,均P<0.05）。单因素分析结果显示,左心室机械同步与不同步的慢性心力衰竭患者的年龄、LVEF、PFR、心率、LVEDV、LVESV、SRS、Hs-CRP、NTpro-BNP比较,差异均有统计学差异（t=2.550、χ2=6.146、t=4.042、Z=3.149、χ2=5.335、χ2=5.993、Z=4.978、χ2=6.154、Z=4.381,均P<0.05）;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,LVEF、SRS是慢性心力衰竭患者发生左心室机械同步性失调的独立影响因素（B=?0.166、0.278,B值标准误为0.068、0.130,Wald χ2=5.927、4.584,P=0.015、0.032,OR=0.847、1.320,95%CI:0.741~0.968、1.024~1.702）。 结论 LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、PFR、PSD、NTpro-BNP可能具有早期诊断慢性心力衰竭的潜在价值;LVEF、LVESV、PFR、LVEDV、PHB、PSD、NTpro-BNP、Hs-CRP对慢性心力衰竭患者的心功能受损严重程度有提示作用,以NTpro-BNP、LVEF、LVESV的提示作用较优;SRS水平升高、LVEF水平降低是慢性心力衰竭患者发生左心室机械同步性失调的独立预测因子。     

Development and application of normal limits for left ventricular ejection fraction and volume measurements from 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion gates SPECT.

Gated SPECT is a reproducible method for assessing left ventricular volume (LVV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging studies. LVV and LVEF measurements by this approach correlate well with those obtained from other cardiovascular imaging techniques. Nevertheless, the lack of criteria for abnormal test findings has limited the potential clinical application of this new imaging technique. METHODS: Gated SPECT measurements were evaluated for 214 patients with a low Bayesian likelihood (< 10%) of coronary artery disease (CAD) before performance of 99mTc-sestamibi stress-rest myocardial perfusion SPECT. The patients were grouped into normotensive patients (n = 98), hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (n = 80), and hypertensive patients with LVH on resting electrocardiography (n = 36). Gated SPECT measurements for left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) index, left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) index, and LVEF were obtained according to a published method, using a modified Simpson's rule technique. RESULTS: Similar results were obtained for mean LVV and LVEF measurements between normotensive patients and hypertensive patients without LVH. Hence, these groups were combined (as group 1). By contrast, hypertensive patients with LVH (group 2), had significantly lower LVEF values (P = 0.01) and higher mean LVESV index values than normotensive patients (P = 0.03). Sex differences were marked: women had significantly higher mean resting LVEF values than men (P < 0.0001) and significantly lower mean resting LVEDV index values (P < 0.0001). A significant relationship was seen between LVEDV index and LVEF (r = -0.60; P < 0.0001) and between LVEDV index and heart rate (r = -0.26; P < 0.001). The normal limits were LVEF > or = 41% in men and > or = 49% in women, LVEDV index < or = 76 mL/m2 in men and < or = 57 mL/m2 in women, and LVESV index < or 38 mL/m2 in men and < or =26 mL/m2 in women. Among hypertensive patients, 22% with LVH had an abnormally low LVEF and 19% had an increased LVEDV index according to these test criteria. By contrast, no hypertensive patients without LVH had an abnormally low LVEF, and only 6% had volume abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Using a cohort of low-likelihood patients, we generated sex-specific normal limits for LVV and LVEF for myocardial perfusion gated SPECT. Application of these findings resulted in the detection of occult left ventricular dysfunction in approximately one fifth of hypertensive patients for whom concomitant LVH was found through resting electrocardiography. These normal limits can now be evaluated prospectively for their potential clinical value.     

PCI术后2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者心功能分级与hs-CRP水平及预后的相关性研究

 目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后高敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平与心功能不全及预后的相关性。方法 选择符合纳入标准的PCI后合并2型糖尿病心功能不全患者120例,选择同期健康体检者42名为对照组,收集研究对象血脂、hs-CRP、脑钠素(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)、超声心动相关指标等临床基线资料。进行1年的随访,包括死亡、心肌梗死、脑卒中和再次血运重建等主要不良心脑血管事件(main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, MACCE),并对数据进行统计学分析。结果 入选的心功能不全患者按照美国NYHA心功能分级标准:(Ⅰ级+Ⅱ级)为C组,Ⅲ级为D组,Ⅳ 级为E组,此三组的hs-CRP, BNP,左室舒张末容积(left ventricular end diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末容积(left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV),明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而其随着心功能分级的增加,其数值逐步增加,各组间比较有统计学意义,心功能不全的三组左室射血分数 (left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)显著低于对照组,而其随着心功能分级的增加,其数值逐步降低,各组间比较差异有统计学意义P<0.05;通过直线回归分析,hs-CRP的水平和BNP呈正相关(r=0.52,P<0.05);而和LVEF呈负相关,(r=-0.67,P<0.05);hs-CRP和LVEDV,LVESV无相关;BNP和LVEDV,LVESV呈正相关(r=0.42,P<0.05; r=0.39, P<0.05);和LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.78,P<0.05)。故BNP在诊断和评价心力衰竭时优于hs-CRP。按是否出现MACCE分组后,进一步行多因素logistic回归分析,显示hs-CRP、BNP 为患者发生MACCE的独立预测因子(P<0.05)。结论 hs-CRP是发生心功能不全的独立预测因子, 能有效评估心功能不全的发病风险及其预后,故hs-CRP检测对评估心血管疾病具有很好的应用价值。     

核素心肌显像对急性心肌梗死患者 PTCA后左心室收缩功能变化的评估价值

目的 探讨核素心肌灌注/代谢显像对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术（PTCA）后左心室收缩功能变化的评估价值。 方法 回顾性分析2015年6月至2017年12月于山西医科大学附属第一医院行PTCA治疗的AMI患者36例,其中男性27例、女性9例,年龄（57.9±12.3）岁。所有患者均在AMI发病1周内行PTCA治疗,并于治疗前3天和治疗后6~8个月行99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈SPECT心肌灌注显像（MPI）和18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖PET/CT心肌代谢显像。根据治疗后左心室射血分数（LVEF）的变化值（ΔLVEF）将患者分为2组:A组为心功能改善组（ΔLVEF≥5%）;B组为心功能未改善组（ΔLVEF＜5%）。采用t检验和χ2检验分析比较2组患者的临床资料、LVEF、高峰射血率（PER）、存活心肌/坏死心肌节段数（S/N）比值及心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）等指标间的差异;采用Logistic回归分析影响左心室收缩功能的相关因素;采用受试者特征工作（ROC）曲线分析预测LVEF改善（ΔLVEF≥5%）的S/N界值。 结果 （1）2组患者的性别、年龄、体重指数、吸烟史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症病史、心绞痛病史等差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。（2）PTCA治疗前,A组和B组间LVEF、PER、cTnI的差异无统计学意义,而S/N比值（A组:1.24±1.06,B组:0.58±0.37）的差异有统计学意义（t=0.824,P=0.042）;PTCA治疗后,2组间LVEF（A组:47±12,B组:38±10）、PER（A组:2.11±0.48,B组:1.71±0.50）、S/N比值（A组:0.73±0.47,B组:0.62±0.39）的差异有统计学意义（t=?2.528、?2.366、?2.514,P=0.016、0.024、0.017）,但cTnI间的差异无统计学意义。（3）Logistic回归分析显示,S/N比值是ΔLVEF的独立影响因素（OR=2.164,P=0.018）。（4）ROC曲线结果显示,以S/N比值预测AMI患者PTCA治疗后ΔLVEF≥5%的界值为0.62,曲线下面积为0.823（95%CI:0.661~0.985）,特异度为85.71%,灵敏度为91.54%。 结论 核素心肌灌注/代谢显像对AMI患者行PTCA治疗后左心室收缩功能变化的评估具有重要的临床价值。     

Comparison of dobutamine echocardiography and 99mTc-sestamibi tomography for prediction of left ventricular ejection fraction outcome after acute myocardial infarction treated with successful primary coronary angioplasty.

For patients with acute myocardial infarction who undergo primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), it is important to promptly identify those in whom a significant delayed improvement of global left ventricular function is to be expected as a result of successful treatment. METHODS: In 51 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary PTCA with a good angiographic result, the late outcome of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was established after a 6-mo follow-up. In the early phase after infarction (within approximately 1 wk of infarction), the contractile reserve of the infarct zone was evaluated using dobutamine echocardiography and compared with the assessment of infarct size, infarct severity, and mean tracer activity of the infarct zone obtained using resting 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT. Receiver-operating-curve (ROC) analysis was used to define the reliability of the various parameters for identifying the patients with a follow-up LVEF increase of > or = 5 LVEF units. RESULTS: Of the 48 patients without restenosis at follow-up, 34 showed significant LVEF improvement. The evaluation of the contractile reserve of the infarct zone achieved an ROC curve area of 0.75 +/- 0.07 with 74% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and 73% overall accuracy. Of the 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT parameters, the extent of the infarct had no diagnostic value according to ROC analysis. The mean activity of the infarct zone had an ROC curve area of 0.64 +/- 0.09 with 82% sensitivity, 50% specificity, and 73% overall accuracy. The infarct severity had an ROC area of 0.76 +/- 0.08 (not significant vs. mean activity and vs. contractile reserve) with 77% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and 75% overall accuracy. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the contractile reserve of the infarct zone using dobutamine echocardiography and assessment of the tracer activity of the infarct zone or infarct severity using 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in the early phase after infarction are able to identify the patients in whom successful primary PTCA will be followed by significant late LVEF improvement.     

多层螺旋CT与M型超声心动图评估左室功能的对照研究

目的：用多层螺旋CT（multi-detector row computed tomography,MRCT）测量并评估左室功能的各项参数,并与M型超声心动图测量得到的结果进行比较。方法：62位冠心病或可疑患有冠心病的患者（男性40人、女性22人,平均年龄64.2±11.1岁）在24h内接受回顾性心电门控16通道MRCT心脏增强扫描及心脏M型超声心动图检查。在GEAW4.1CT工作站上测量出每位患者的左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）并根据公式（LVEDV-LVESV）/LVEDV×100%计算出左室射血分数（LVEF）,并用简单直线回归分别分析MRCT测量所得参数与M型超声心动图测得结果的相关性。结果：16层CT测得的LVEDV为125.4±62.1ml、LVESV为52.8±59.3ml、LVEF为62.9±13.4%,与M型超声心动图测量结果（Teichholz校正公式法）有很好的相关性〔LVEDV为112.8±49.7ml（r=0.826,P〈0.001）、LVESV为45.9±47.0ml（r=0.960,P〈0.001）、LVEF为64.8±13.9%（r=0.916,P〈O．001）]。结论：回顾性心电门控MRCT心脏增强扫描可以应用于临床心功能的评估诊断。     

Prognostic value of serial cardiac 123I-MIBG imaging in patients with stabilized chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Many studies have shown that a one-time 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphic study during a stable period is useful for determining the prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the findings from this imaging modality are well known to be improved by medical treatment for heart failure. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine whether serial 123I-MIBG scintigraphic studies represent a reliable prognostic marker for patients with CHF. METHODS: A total of 208 patients with CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] < 45%) and with no cardiac events for at least 5 mo were identified on the basis of a history of decompensated acute heart failure requiring hospitalization. The delayed percentage of denervation (% denervation), delayed heart-to-mediastinum count (H/M) ratio, and washout rate (WR) were determined from the patients' 123I-MIBG images just before they left the hospital and after they had received 6 mo of treatment. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), and LVEF were also determined by echocardiography at the same time points. RESULTS: Of the 208 patients, 56 experienced fatal cardiac events during the study. The mean follow-up period was 4.45 +/- 1.82 y. The baseline H/M ratio and WR; follow-up % denervation, H/M ratio, and WR; Delta-% denervation, H/M ratio, and WR; baseline LVEF; follow-up LVEDV, LVESV, and LVEF; and Delta-LVEDV, Delta-LVESV, and Delta-LVEF were significantly worse in the cardiac death group. A Cox regression analysis showed that the Delta-WR was an independent predictor of cardiac death. Moreover, sudden death occurred in 13 of the 56 patients with cardiac death. A Cox regression analysis also showed that the Delta-WR was an incremental predictor of sudden death. The cardiac death-free rate and sudden death-free rate were significantly higher in patients with Delta-WR less than -5% and Delta-WR less than -2% than in patients with Delta-WR greater than or equal to -5% and Delta-WR greater than or equal to -2%. CONCLUSION: Delta-WR obtained from serial 123I-MIBG scintigraphic studies can be useful for predicting cardiac death and sudden death in stabilized patients with CHF.     

Gated SPECT evaluation of outcome after abciximab-supported primary infarct artery stenting for acute myocardial infarction: the scintigraphic data of the abciximab and carbostent evaluation (ACE) randomized trial.

We used gated SPECT to evaluate the impact of abciximab on the efficacy of myocardial reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing infarct-related artery stenting. METHODS: The Abciximab and Carbostent Evaluation (ACE) trial randomized 400 infarct patients to stenting alone or stenting plus abciximab. One-month (99m)Tc-sestamibi gated SPECT was planned in a subgroup of consecutive patients to evaluate infarct size, infarct severity, left ventricular volumes, and ejection fraction. RESULTS: The final study population included 182 patients (99 randomized to abciximab and 83 to stenting alone). Gated SPECT revealed smaller infarcts in the abciximab group than in the stenting-alone group (14.3% +/- 11.7% vs. 18.1% +/- 13%, P < 0.02), and lower infarct severity (minimum-to-maximum count ratio = 0.47 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.41 +/- 0.15, P < 0.02), resulting in a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (57.8 +/- 20.0 vs. 64.6 +/- 20.8 mL/m(2), P = 0.03) and left ventricular end-systolic volume index (31.7 +/- 17.4 vs. 37.5 +/- 18.6 mL/m(2), P = 0.05) in the abciximab group. One-month left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in patients randomized to abciximab (47.4% +/- 11.3% vs. 43.9% +/- 11.7%, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: The use of abciximab therapy as an adjunct to infarct-related artery stenting leads to a reduction in infarct size and severity, resulting in smaller 1-mo left ventricular volumes and better left ventricular function. Gated SPECT appears to be an ideal tool for outcome assessment in infarct patients undergoing different treatment strategies.     

超声心动图评估心肌梗死后心力衰竭患者左心功能的变化

目的 探讨心肌梗死(MI)后心力衰竭(HF)患者采用超声心动图进行左心功能变化评估的临床价值.方法 选取2014年1月-2020年6月收治的MI后HF患者60例作为研究对象,根据美国心脏协会的心功能分级(NYHA)分为A组(心功能Ⅱ级,20例),B组(心功能Ⅲ级,20例),C组(心功能Ⅳ级,20例),选取同期50例健康...