细胞因子对心脏微血管内皮细胞与淋巴细胞粘附的影响

目的：观察细胞因子对心脏微血管内皮细胞表面细胞间粘附分子－１（ｉｎｔｅｒｃｅｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ－１，ＩＣＡＭ－１）的表达的调控，及对内皮细胞与激活淋巴细胞粘附的影响。方法：体外培养大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞，以肿瘤坏死因子（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ－α，ＴＮＦ－α）、白细胞介素－６（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ６，ＩＬ－６）和白细胞介素－１（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ１β，ＩＬ－１β）诱导。采用免疫组织化学染色法观察内皮细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ－１表达；采用粘附试验和抗ＩＣＡＭ－１或抗ＬＦＡ－１单克隆抗体阻断抑制试验。结果：ＴＮＦ－α、ＩＬ－６和ＩＬ－１β诱导内皮细胞１８～２４ｈ，均可使内皮细胞与淋巴细胞的粘附率显著增加，ＴＮＦ－α和ＩＬ－１β的诱导还可使内皮细胞表面ＩＣＡＭ－１分子表达明显增强，表现为ＩＣＡＭ－１表达阳性细胞数增多，着色加深。用１０～２０ｍｇ／Ｌ抗ＩＣＡＭ－１或抗ＬＦＡ－１单克隆抗体均可部分抑制内皮细胞与淋巴细胞的粘附。结论：ＴＮＦ－α和ＩＬ－１β可以有效地激活心脏微血管内皮细胞，通过诱导内皮细胞ＩＣＡＭ－１表达增多，促进内皮细胞与淋巴细胞的粘附     

GST-人可溶性成纤维细胞生长因子受体1融合蛋白在酵母细胞中的表达及活性测定

目的：表达重组人可溶性成纤维细胞生长因子受体１（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅ　ｆｉｂｒｏｂｌａｓｔ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ　１，ｓＦＧＦＲ１），研究其对成纤维细胞生长因子（ＦＧＦ）生物学活性的拮抗作用。方法：采用逆转录－ＰＣＲ（ＰＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术自人肺成纤维细胞获得ｓＦＧＦＲ１　ｃＤＮＡ，测序确证后，将其克隆人酵母细胞表达载体ｐＹＥＸ４Ｔ－１；重组质粒转化入酵母细胞（ＤＹ１５０）中进行诱导表达，表达产物经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ及 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｂｌｏｔ鉴定。利用 ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞增殖抑制实验检测重组人 ｓＦＧＦＲ１的生物学活性。结果：经 ＣｕＳＯ４诱导，酵母细胞表达出重组谷胱苷肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ）－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白，此蛋白在凝胶上表现为 １条约 ６０ｋＤ的阳性区带，在 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ实验中可被ＧＳＴ特异性抗体识别。重组ＧＳＴ－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白的粗提物在体外能够桔抗ＦＧＦ介导的促ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞增殖的活性。结论：重组ＧＳＴ－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白在酵母表达系统中得到有效表达，并具有很好的生物活性。     

ATP活化的小鼠巨噬细胞通讯功能的研究

目的　探索间隙连接通讯功能、间隙连接蛋白ＣＸ４３表达、微丝、纽蛋白在巨噬细胞活化过程中所起的重要作用。　方法　ＡＴＰ作用于由小鼠腹腔获取的巨噬细胞（Ｍ），用ＭＴＴ法检测ＡＴＰ对巨噬细胞的活化作用，用罗氏黄（Ｌｙ）荧光染料示踪术检测ＡＴＰ对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞间隙连接通讯功能的影响，用免疫荧光技术检测ＡＴＰ作用下的Ｍ连接蛋白Ｃｘ４３ 的表达和粘着斑－纽蛋白表达的影响，用罗丹明－鬼笔环肽－Ｆ－ａｃｔｉｎ 专一标记技术，观察ＡＴＰ作用下的Ｍ微丝蛋白（Ｆ－ａｃｔｉｎ）的变化。　结果　（１）ＡＴＰ对Ｍ有明显的活化作用；（２）ＡＴＰ上调Ｍ的间隙连接通讯功能；（３）ＡＴＰ增强连接蛋白Ｃｘ４３的表达；（４）ＡＴＰ增强粘着斑主要粘着蛋白－纽蛋白的表达；（５）ＡＴＰ改善Ｍ微丝束的组装。　结论　在ＡＴＰ促进Ｍ的活化过程中，间隙连接通讯功能、连接蛋白、纽蛋白、微丝蛋白都参与了Ｍ活化过程中信号传导的调节作用     

PAI—1在TGF—β1基因和反义TGF—β1基因转染人肝癌？…

目的：通过对人肝癌细胞株（ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１）转染ＴＧＦ－β１基因及反义ＴＧＦ－β１基因,观察该细胞ＰＡＩ－１表达的变化。方法：采用电穿孔法进行基因转染,并用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ、Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ法另以鉴定后,分别应用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ观察该细胞表达ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ的变化。结果：过表达的ＴＧＦ－β１细胞克隆ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ表达均高于对照组,而低表达ＴＧＦ     

BPI23-Fcγ1重组融合蛋白在E.coli中的表达

目的 构建ｐＢＶ－ＢＰＩ６００－Ｆｃγ１７００重组表达载体,转化Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ ＤＨ５α诱导表达ＢＰＩ２３－Ｆｃγ１抗菌重组蛋白。方法 采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术,从ＨＬ－６０细胞和正常人白细胞ｍＲＮＡ中扩增编码ＰＢＩ２３和ＩｇＧ１Ｆｃ（Ｆｃγ１）的基因;通过连接反应构建重组克隆载体和重组表达载体;转化感受态Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ ＤＨ５α细胞,通过温控诱导表达ＢＰＩ２３－Ｆｃγ１重组蛋白。结果 （１）ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ     

反义转化生长因子β1基因转染大鼠肾系膜细胞及其对纤溶？…

目的 通过对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（ＭｓＣ）转染反义转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦ－β１）基因,观察该细胞克隆基质金属蛋白酶家族（ＭＭＰｓ）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂１（ＰＡＩ－１）表达的改变,方法 采用脂质体进行基因转染,并用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ法加以鉴定,后分别应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ和酶谱分析法检测该细胞克隆ＭＭＰｓ和ＰＡＩ－１表达的变化。结果 成功地建立低表达ＴＧＦ－     

抗人肿瘤坏死因子—α单链抗体基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

目的：将抗ｈＴＮＦ－α单链抗体基因克隆入融合表达载体ｐＧＥＸ４Ｔ－１中，以期得到ＧＳＴ－ＳｃＦｖ融合表达蛋白。方法：将限制性内切酶酶切拼接法获得的Ｅ６ＳｃＦｖ基因克隆入融合表达载体ｐＧＥＸ４Ｔ－１中，转化大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α，经异丙基－β－Ｄ－硫代半乳糖苷（ＩＰＴＧ）诱导，１２％ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测表达产物，光密度扫描和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ验证表达产物。结果：ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ显示，Ｅ６ＳｃＦｖ表达产物约为５２ｋｕ左右，与预期的结果相符；光密度扫描结果表明，ＧＳＴ－Ｅ６ＳｃＦｖ融合蛋白占菌体总蛋白的４０％；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ证实，在相应分子量处，有ＧＳＴ－Ｅ６ＳｃＦｖ融合蛋白的显色印迹；进一步对表达产物的形式分析，ＧＳＴ－Ｅ６ＳｃＦｖ融合蛋白的表达产物为包涵体形式。结论：在大肠杆菌中成功地表达了抗ｈＴＮＦ－α单链抗体基因与谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（ＧＳＴ）基因的融合蛋白     

白细胞介素－1和阿片肽促进大鼠大脑皮层神经细胞c－fos及c－jun mRNA表达

对白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）、脑啡肽、β－内啡肽及即刻早期基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ与癫痫发病机理的研究。结果显示ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、β－内啡肽、抗β－内啡肽抗血清、亮－脑啡肽（ＬＥ）均能促进大脑皮层神经细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达，但ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、抗β－内啡肽抗血清促ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达量明显低于ＩＬ－１、ＬＥ及β－内啡肽的作用，并能部分抑制后者的作用；ＩＬ－１、β－内啡肽、ＬＥ促ｃ－ｆｏｓｍＲＮＡ表达在一定范围呈现量效关系；ＩＬ－１诱导ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达呈现时间效应关系，均为短暂表达。由于具有不同生物学效应的因子均能诱导不同程度ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达，提示它们对靶基因的调控具有正性及负性双向性，对神经细胞兴奋性产生不同作用。     

中药海乐得对部分肾切除大鼠残余肾脏表达PAI-1、TGFβ mRNA的影响

目的：观察中药制剂海乐得对５／６肾切除（５／６ＮＸ）大鼠残余肾组织表达纤溶酶原激活物抑制物－１（Ｐｌａｓｍｉｎｏｇｅｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｏｒｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ－ｌ,ＰＡＩ－ｌ）、转化生长因子β（ｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｉｎｇｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ－β,ＴＧＦβ）的影响。方法：海乐得治疗５／６肾切除大鼠６周后处死,检测尿蛋白排泄和血生化变化,制作残肾组织病理和冰冻切片,提取残余肾脏组织ＲＮＡ,分别采用组织原位杂交及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印记杂交方法观察ＰＡＩ－ｌ、ＴＧＦβ的基因表达。结果：中药治疗组残肾组织中ＰＡＩ－ｌ和ＴＧＦβｍＲＮＡ表达、尿蛋白排泄、血清尿素氮和肌酐均明显低于未治疗组,肾脏病理损害以及脂代谢紊乱亦有明显改善。结论：海乐得通过ＰＡＩ－ｌ和ＴＧＦβ途径,能明显改善慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠的肾功能和病理损伤。     

转化生长因子β1 mRNA在实验性肝癌间质差异形成中的 …

目的：应用原位分子杂交技术观察了ＴＧＦ－β１ｍＲＮＡ在实验性大鼠胆管细胞性肝癌（ＣＣ）和肝细胞性肝癌（ＨＣＣ）中的表达,探讨肝癌间质差异形成的可能机制。方法：大鼠肝癌组织经ＨＥ和Ａｌｃｉａｎ Ｂｌｕｅ染色确认ＣＣ或ＨＣＣ,用ＴＧＦ－β１反应ＲＮＡ探针检测ＴＧＦ－β１ｍＲＮＡ的表达,同时以ＴＧＦ－β１正链,β－ｍＲＮＡ呈弱到中等强度的表达,少数ＣＣ的间质细胞也有ＴＧＦ－β１ｍＲＮＡ表达。结论：由于Ｔ     

Expression of the E-cadherin/catenin (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-) complex correlates with the macroscopic appearance of early gastric cancer

E-cadherin and its associated cytoplasmic proteins, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins, play an essential role in the control of epithelial differentiation. We have previously shown that loss or down-regulation of E-cadherin/catenin correlates with poor survival in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of E-cadherin and catenins in early gastric cancers (EGCs). Immunohistochemical staining for E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins was performed on 41 paraffin-embedded gastrectomy specimens of EGC using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The pattern of expression and cellular localization of the E-cadherin/catenin complex in tumour cells were correlated with the macroscopic appearance of the tumour according to the Japanese Endoscopic Society classification. The tumours were classified as follows: three type I (protruding) and 38 type II (superficial), of which ten were type IIa (elevated), one was type IIb (flat), and 27 were type IIc (depressed). E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins were expressed at the cell-cell junctions in normal mucosa. Forty out of 41 tumours showed abnormal expression (loss of membranous immunoreactivity and/or nuclear staining) of at least one component of the E-cadherin catenin complex. Loss of E-cadherin immunoreactivity was more frequently seen in type IIb (1/1, 100%) and type IIc (27/27, 100%) than in type I (1/3, 33%) and type IIa (1/10, 10%) (p<0.01). Abnormal expression of E-cadherin and alpha-catenin was more frequently seen in diffuse-type than in intestinal type tumours (p<0.05). Abnormal immunoreactivity of beta- and gamma-catenin, including nuclear localization, was observed in 34% and 7.3% of tumours, respectively, but there was no significant correlation with tumour type or endoscopic appearance. In conclusion, abnormal expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex occurs in EGC and seems to correlate with macroscopic appearances.     

Expression of E-cadherin, cadherin-11, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenins in nephroblastomas: relationship with clinicopathological parameters, prognostic factors and outcome

AIM: This study was undertaken to determine the expression of cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin, cadherin-11, and alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenins in nephroblastomas and to correlate this expression with pathological features and known prognostic factors. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed on 140 cases of nephroblastoma following heat-induced epitope retrieval and using the streptavidin-biotin technique. RESULTS: E-cadherin was expressed in 75 cases (54%), cadherin-11 in 128 cases (91%), alpha-catenin in 93 cases (66%), beta-catenin in 133 cases (95%) and gamma-catenin in 22 cases (16%). Nuclear localisation of beta-catenin was not demonstrated. There was a statistically significant relationship between the administration of preoperative chemotherapy and the expression of E-cadherin, alpha- and gamma-catenin, respectively. These proteins were more frequently expressed in tumours treated with preoperative chemotherapy. Those tumours that expressed all four proteins (E-cadherin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) showed a statistically significant association with the administration of preoperative chemotherapy, in contrast to tumours that did not express all four proteins. CONCLUSION: Nephroblastomas show a heterogeneous distribution of staining for E-cadherin, cadherin-11, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenins. Tumours treated with preoperative chemotherapy are more likely to express these molecules. The expression status of E-cadherin, cadherin-11 and the catenins in this cohort does not appear to be of prognostic value.     

Abnormal immunoreactivity of the E-cadherin/catenin (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-) complex in premalignant and malignant non-melanocytic skin tumours.

E-cadherin/catenin (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-) complex plays a critical role in the control of epithelial differentiation. The aim of this study was to examine the immunoreactivity of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins in premalignant and malignant non-melanocytic skin tumours (NMST) and to correlate their expression with the grade of tumour differentiation, as assessed by the established histopathological criteria and by the Ki-67 index. Benign NMSTs were also studied. To investigate any possible influence of immunosuppression in the expression of E-cadherin and catenins, the study compared tumours obtained from renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and immunocompetent patients. Immunoperoxidase staining of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins was performed in 42 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (26 from RTRs and 16 from non-RTRs), 30 lesions of Bowen's disease (11 from RTRs and 19 from non-RTRs), 11 atypical squamoproliferative lesions from RTRs, 19 actinic keratoses (9 from RTRs and 10 from non-RTRs), and 20 viral warts from RTRs. The findings of this study were as follows. Firstly, the probability of abnormal expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins increased from benign to premalignant and malignant NMSTs (p<0.001 for all). Secondly, there was agreement in abnormal expression between most of the molecules measured in malignant and premalignant NMSTs (p<0.05). Thirdly, in SCC, abnormal expression of E-cadherin and catenins was more frequent in lesions with a high (>40%) Ki-67 index than in those with a low Ki-67 index (<40%) (p=0.003). However, only the abnormal expression of gamma-catenin increased with the grade of SCC differentiation (p=0.008). Fourthly, abnormal expression of gamma-catenin predicted a high proliferation index (Ki-67 index 40%) in NMSTs (p<0.01, OR=6.19). Finally, there was no difference in the abnormal expression of E-cadherin and catenins between NMSTs from immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients. Thus, abnormal expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex was quite common in SCC and Bowen's disease and also in a proportion of intraepithelial dysplastic lesions, such as atypical squamoproliferative lesions and actinic keratosis, suggesting that these changes may be early indicators of the neoplastic process. Abnormal expression of gamma-catenin was the sole predictor of high proliferation in NMST and was also correlated with the tumour grade, suggesting a possible important role for gamma-catenin in tumourigenesis.     

Expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, gamma-catenin proteins in endometrial carcinoma

Loss of the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin is suggested to promote tumor invasion and distant metastasis in tumor development. Recently, it has been proposed that E-cadherin function requires its linkage to the cytoskeleton through catenins. We evaluated the expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, gamma-catenins in tissues of human endometrial carcinoma, analyzed the patterns of cell adhesion molecules' expression in endometrial carcinoma and investigated the relationship between the statuses of cell adhesion molecules and various clinicopathological factors. This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, gamma-catenins in 33 paraffin embedded formalin fixed tissues of endometrial carcinomas. Aberrant E-cadherin, and alpha-, beta-, gamma-catenin expression was observed in 33.3 (11 of 33), 27.3 (9 of 33), 18.2 (6 of 33), and 51.5 (17 of 33) % of the specimens, respectively. Statistically significant correlation was found between aberrant expression of E-cadherin and lymph node metastasis and cell types other than endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Aberrant pattern of gamma-catenin expression was also correlated with deep myometrial invasion. However, alpha-, and beta-catenin expression was not correlated with any clinicopathological parameters. Using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank comparison test, abnormal expression of E-cadherin was correlated closely with poor survival (p < 0.05), but cases with loss of both E-cadherin and catenin expression predicted even poorer survival than cases with only one or no aberrant expression in E-cadherin and catenins. We revealed aberrant expression of these cell adhesion molecules among patients with endometrial carcinoma. Aberrant expression of E-cadherin was correlated with lymph node metastasis and cell types other than endometrioid adenocarcinoma, while aberrant expression of gamma-catenin was related with deep myometrial invasion. The expression of E-cadherin might be a possible prognostic factor for endometrial cancer while the expression of catenins may help predict patient's survival.     

Role of E-cadherin, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins, and p120 (cell adhesion molecules) in prolactinoma behavior.

E-cadherin/catenin complex regulates cellular adhesion and motility and is believed to function as an invasion suppressor system. In a number of cancers, abnormal and reduced expression of E-cadherin/catenin complex is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Prolactinomas show frequent invasion on the surrounding structures, despite their histologically benign nature. Furthermore, gender-based differences in endocrine and surgical findings are found in patients with prolactinoma. To understand biological factors governing prolactinoma behavior, this study analyzed the expression of E-cadherin; alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins; p120; and cell proliferation marker MIB-1 labeling index in 13 invasive tumors (9 in men, 4 in women), 26 noninvasive tumors (4 in men, 22 in women), and 8 normal anterior pituitaries by immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining of E-cadherin; alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins; and p120 showed a membranous pattern of reactivity and generally stronger in normal pituitaries than in prolactinomas. Expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin was significantly lower in invasive than in noninvasive prolactinomas (P <.002 and P <.005, respectively), and reduced expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin was more frequent in invasive than in noninvasive prolactinomas (P <.001 and P <.05, respectively); in contrast, gamma-catenin expression showed higher in invasive than in noninvasive prolactinomas (P <.05). Expression of E-cadherin was significantly lower in macroprolactinomas than in microprolactinomas (P <.01), and decreased expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin predicted high MIB-1 expression (P <.05). Moreover, the expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin was significantly lower in macroprolactinomas in men than in those in women (P <.01 and P <.02, respectively). No statistical correlations were observed between expression of alpha-catenin, p120, and clinicopathologic features. In conclusion, the reduction of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression was related to invasiveness and proliferative status of prolactinomas and correlated with the more aggressive behavior of prolactinomas in men compared with in women.     

反义RNA体外抑制丙型肝炎病毒基因表达的研究

目的 研究丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)基因调控方式及反义RNA对HCV基因表达的体外抑制作用。方法 采用业已建立的HCV基因调控细胞模型，以重组质粒共转染策略，将反义RNA重组质粒与HCV5′非翻译区(5′UTR)调控的报道基因——虫荧光素酶(luc)重组质粒共同转染人肝癌细胞系(HepG2)，并以不表达反义RNA的原核重组质粒和不含有HCV5′UTR的luc重组质粒做为对照。转染细胞经短期培养后制备细胞提取液，荧光检测法检测luc基因的表达。结果 针对HCV5′uTR的反义RNA可以在体外有效抑制由HCV5′UTR调控的luc基因的表达，并具有剂量依赖效应。对照重组质粒转染实验证明，上述抑制作用呈序列特异性。结论 HCV5′UTR具有调控下游目的基因表达的重要功能，反义RNA可以在体外有效抑制由HCV5′UTR介导的病毒基因的表达。     

Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma: in vitro study of the impact of TGFbeta1 on the expression of integrins and cytoskeleton markers of cell differentiation

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) are the commonest benign and malignant salivary gland tumours respectively. Interactions between cells and extracellular matrix of PA and ACC, partially mediated by integrins, are important in their biology. The expression of integrins is regulated by numerous factors, amongst them, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1). Our study investigated the effects of TGFbeta1 on the expression of integrin beta subunits in vitro and on the expression of cytoskeletal proteins of cells derived from PA and ACC. The expression of cytoskeletal differentiation markers and integrins was assessed using immunofluorescence. ELISA assays were employed to quantitate the expression integrins and MTT assays evaluated the mitochondrial activity of cells stimulated with TGFbeta1. PA cells showed increased expression of integrins and de novo expression of differentiation markers upon TGFbeta1 stimulation. ACC cells were less responsive to such stimulation. This may reflect important differences in the biological behaviour of benign and malignant cells.     

粘着斑激酶活化对平滑肌细胞粘附和迁移的影响

目的:研究粘着斑激酶磷酸化在细胞外基质成份诱导平滑肌细胞粘附和迁移中的作用。方法:通过纤粘连蛋白(FN)诱导培养的平滑肌细胞粘附迁移,以免疫沉淀和Western blolt方法检测粘着斑激酶(FAK)及其磷酸化的表达量。将FAK反义寡核苷酸(ODNs)经脂质体转染细胞,观察对FAK磷酸化、细胞粘附铺展和迁移的影响。结果:FN在显著诱导平滑肌细胞粘附和迁移时,FAK也呈明显表达,20 mg/L FN可使其磷酸化处于较高表达量。脂质体可有效地介导ODNs转染,转染效率为(86.7±4.5)%,FAK磷酸化表达量明显减少,5-60 mg/L不同浓度FN组,细胞铺展率减少17.89%-27.67%,10、20、40和60 mg/L FN组迁移细胞数也分别显著少23.26%、21.63%、19.31%、17.88%(P＜0.05)。结论:活化的FAK是细胞外基质诱导SMCs粘附和迁移的重要信号分子,由其介导的信号转导促进了这一过程,反义FAK ODNs可有效地对此进行抑制。     

Elevated expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins in metastatic lesions compared with primary epithelial ovarian carcinomas

E-cadherin and catenins play key roles in cell adhesion and motility. Little is known about the changes in expression of these molecules in the progression of ovarian carcinomas. In the present study, the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenins was examined in 77 cases of ovarian carcinoma. In addition, the expression of these molecules was evaluated in 26 matched pairs of primary and metastatic lesions of advanced ovarian carcinomas. Of the 77 primary lesions, positive staining for E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin was observed in 75 (97%), 63 (82%), 71 (92%) and 57 (74%) cases, respectively. Positivity for E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin was significantly decreased in stage III and IV tumors compared with stage I and II tumors, suggesting that expression of the cadherin-catenin complex is reduced with the advancing stages of a tumor. Interestingly, expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-catenin in the lesions of peritoneal dissemination was significantly increased compared with the primary lesions. These findings suggest that expression of the cadherin-catenin complex changes markedly and that reexpression may occur during the peritoneal dissemination of ovarian carcinoma cells.     

Laminin alpha2 chain (merosin M chain) distribution and VEGF, FGF(2), and TGFbeta1 gene expression in angiogenesis of supraglottic, lung, and breast carcinomas

The prognostic significance of vessel quantification in human solid tumours is still debated, due to the presence of multiple factors modulating neoangiogenesis and the invasiveness of neoplastic cells. This study examined ten supraglottic squamous carcinomas, ten non-small cell lung carcinomas (three squamous, five bronchioloalveolar, two adenocarcinomas), and nine classic (NOS) invasive ductal breast carcinomas. The properties studied in these tumours were vascularity; the immunohistochemical distribution of adhesion molecules such as alpha2beta1, alpha3beta1, alpha4beta1, alpha5beta1, alpha6beta4, and ICAM-1 in endothelial cells; extracellular matrix proteins (ECMPs) and laminin alpha2 chain (merosin M chain) in basal membranes of vessels; and gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), by in situ hybridization. Independently of tumour type and vascularity, laminin alpha2 chain expression was observed in the basal membranes of a limited proportion of vessels. In vitro experiments demonstrated laminin alpha2 chain expression mainly in early endothelial cell cultures, suggesting that laminin alpha2 chain expression in vivo can be considered a marker of early angiogenesis. Stromal and parenchymal vascularity was associated with laminin alpha2 chain expression in supraglottic carcinomas, whereas in the other tumours, laminin alpha2 chain-positive vessels were observed only in the stroma. In supraglottic carcinomas, VEGF-positive cells were mainly represented by neoplastic cells, whereas in the other tumours, the great majority of VEGF-positive cells were macrophages and fibroblasts. FGF2- and TGFbeta1-positive cells were macrophages and fibroblasts in all tumours. These observations suggest that in addition to the quantification and distribution of vessels, evaluation of their maturation may contribute to a better understanding of the role of angiogenesis in the growth and spread potential of solid tumours. In this regard, in supraglottic carcinomas, parenchymal angiogenesis seems to be regulated mainly by neoplastic cells, which may help to explain their high metastatic potential; in solid tumours of different histogenesis, different cells might be responsible for modulating tumour angiogenesis.