Splenectomized versus non-splenectomized patients with thalassemia major. Echocardiographic comparison

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of splenectomy in patients with thalassemia major on the cardiovascular system through echocardiographic study. METHODS: A prospective, cross sectional study was carried out from December 2006 to December 2007. Patients from the Thalassemia Center in the Maternity and Children's Hospital, Madina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, were screened by means of history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and echocardiography. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients were studied: 36 were non-splenectomized, while 21 were surgically splenectomized. The 2 study groups were well matched for age, gender, height, and weight. The total amount of blood given during the previous year (6577.1+/-206.9 ml versus 5390.5+/-220.2 ml, p=0.0005), and the annual transfusion index (200.9+/-11.3 versus 134.1+/-7.3, p=0.0001) were significantly lower in the splenectomized group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding laboratory studies. Left ventricular systolic function shows no difference regarding fraction shortening between the 2 groups. The mitral valve E/A ratio was significantly higher in the splenectomized group (1.6+/-0.2 versus 1.4+/-0.2, p=0.02). The pulmonary artery pressure was higher in the splenectomized group (34.2+/-9.1 versus 20.8+/-9.2 mm Hg, p=0.0001). There was a significantly higher number of patients with pulmonary hypertension in the splenectomized group (14 [66.7%] versus 6 [16.7%], p=0.0004). CONCLUSION: Splenectomized patients with thalassemia major are at high risk of having impaired diastolic left ventricular function and pulmonary hypertension.     

不同铁螯合剂治疗重型β地中海贫血患者疗效观察

目的探讨不同铁螯合剂在治疗重型β地中海贫血患者铁负荷的临床疗效。方法收集既往两家医院诊断治疗并完成随访的重型β地中海贫血铁过载患者49例,根据使用不同祛铁治疗方案分为三组,A组18例,B组21例,C组10例,A组患者采用足疗程联合祛铁治疗方案:去铁胺(DFO)30～50 mg/(kg·d),每周使用≥5 d;去铁铜(DFP) 75 mg/(kg·d),每周使用7 d。B组患者采用不足疗程联合祛铁治疗方案:DFO 30～50 mg/(kg·d),每周使用2～5 d;DFP 75 mg/(kg·d),每周使用3～7 d。C组单用祛铁治疗方案:地拉罗司(DFX)20～30 mg/(kg·d),每周使用7 d。疗程均为一年。三组患者治疗前后都经MRI T2~*技术检测心脏及肝脏铁过载情况,对比分析治疗前后三组患者血清铁蛋白(SF)值、心脏MRI T2~*值、肝脏MRI T2~*值的变化。结果患者治疗1年后,三组的SF值与治疗前比较均有下降(P<0.01),治疗后三组SF值比较,差异有统计学意义(F=4.310,P<0.05),A组的SF较其余两组下降更明显(P<0.05);治疗1年后,心脏MRI T2~*值与治疗前比较均显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后三组心脏MRI T2~*值比较,差异有统计学意义(F=340.135,P<0.01),A组的心脏MRI T2~*值较其余两组升高更明显(P<0.01)。治疗1年后肝脏MRI T2~*值与治疗前相比均显著升高(P<0.01),治疗后三组患者肝脏MRI T2~*值比较差异无统计学意义(F=0.118,P>0.05)。消化道反应、骨关节疼痛及粒细胞减少是最常见的不良反应。结论足疗程或不足疗程联合祛铁治疗及地拉罗司均可以有效缓解重型β地中海贫血患者铁负荷,其中以足疗程联合DFO+DFP治疗地中海贫血患者在降低SF值、心脏铁过载效果更优,不良反应轻微,常见消化道反应及骨关节疼痛,值得在临床中推广。     

地中海贫血患者血浆环状RNA的筛查及结果分析

目的筛查地中海贫血患者外周血中差异表达的环状RNA (circRNA),并分析其生物学功能,为地中海贫血新诊断方法的建立提供新的信息。方法选取2018年1～12月在桂林第924医院入院治疗的地中海贫血患者及健康对照者外周血标本各10例,采用基因芯片法分析受试者血浆中circRNA的相对表达水平,并采用实时荧光定量PCR法验证基因芯片检测结果的准确性。结果基因芯片法共检测到circRNA 8 312个,其中包括差异表达circRNA 84个(以2.0倍为标准阈值),47个环状RNA上调(>2.0倍),37个circRNA下调(<-2.0倍),并筛选了部分差异表达倍数排名前10的上、下调环状RNA配对的靶miRNA。此外,基于实时荧光定量PCR法验证了hsa_circRNA₁00790 (上调倍数11.10)和hsa_circRNA₀01496 (下调倍数-5.44)的相对表达水平,其表达水平趋势与基因芯片检测结果一致。结论地中海贫血患者外周血血浆中存在大量差异表达circRNA,可能作为地贫新...     

Evaluation of some essential element levels in thalassemia major patients in Mosul district, Iraq

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the levels of some essential elements in thalassemic patients in Mosul, Iraq. METHODS: One hundred and five thalassemic blood transfusion dependent children, 2.5-18 years of age attending Ibn-Al-Atheer teaching hospital in Mosul City, Iraq, during 2005, were used in this study. Fifty-four healthy subjects served as a control group. Patients were allocated in a non-randomized prospective cross-sectional hospital based study. Essential elements levels were estimated. The mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, and z-test were used. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Low serum zinc, and magnesium, and high serum copper, and potassium levels were found among the 105 thalassemic patients compared to the 54 controls. Levels of calcium, phosphate, and sodium were within normal limits. CONCLUSION: Fluctuations in the essential elements levels seem to be related to the different complications associated with the disease. Zinc deficiency may be attributed to hyperzincuria resulted from the release of Zn from hemolyzed red cells. Hypercupremia occurs in acute and chronic infections and hemochromatosis, which is a principal complication of thalassemia. Increased Na levels may be due to renal damage. Hypomagnesemia may occur due to hypoparathyroidism.     

Renal tubular function in patients with beta-thalassaemia major in Zahedan, southeast Iran

INTRODUCTION: In patients with beta-thalassaemia major, impaired biosynthesis of the beta-globin leads to accumulation of unpaired alpha-globin chain. Shortened red cell lifespan and iron overload cause functional and physiological abnormalities in various organ systems. Thus, in patients with beta-thalassaemia major, the most important cause of mortality and morbidity is organ failure due to deposits of iron. The aim of this study is to investigate renal tubular and glomerular functions in patients with beta-thalassaemia major. METHODS: 166 subjects with beta-thalassaemia major (96 male, 70 female) were enrolled in the study. Fasting blood and 24-hour urine samples were obtained for haematological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS: Patients with beta-thalassaemia major showed significant signs of renal tubulopathy, such as hypercalciuria (12.9 percent), proteinuria (8.6 percent), phosphaturia (9.2 percent), magnesiumuria (8.6 percent), hyperuricosuria (38 percent) and excretion of beta-2 microglobin (13.5 percent). We found that 95.1 percent of patients had iron overload (ferritin more than 1,000 ng/ml). CONCLUSION: The determination of biochemical indices of renal function might help prevention of serious kidney damage before any clinical symptom is observed. Beta-thalassaemia patients present multiple renal abnormalities which may be due to iron overload. We suggest the appropriate chelation therapy and regular monitoring of the status of iron overload.     

珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血网织红细胞的分群分析

目的探讨网织红细胞低荧光强度网织红细胞(LFR)、中荧光强度网织红细胞(MFR)、高荧光强度网织红细胞(HFR)三分群参数在珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血(珠贫)中的变化。方法用Sysmex XE-2100全自动血球计数仪检测α珠贫与β珠贫的网织红细胞三参数,进行珠贫与正常对照组比较,不同程度珠贫组间的比较。结果珠贫患者网织红细胞三分群与正常人比较,α珠贫与β珠贫比较,男女β珠贫非贫血组、轻度贫血组与中重度贫血组比较,女性β珠贫非贫血组与轻度贫血组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论珠贫患者三分群与贫血程度有关,LFR随珠贫患者贫血程度降低而降低,MFR、HFR随珠贫患者贫血程度降低而增高。故网织红细胞分群三参数应用于珠贫患者检查,观察其造血功能有着重要的临床意义。     

中山市黄圃地区92例地中海贫血患者基因型分析

目的了解中山市黄圃地区地中海贫血患者基因型构成,为中山市地中海贫血的产前诊断、遗传咨询和预防计划提供有价值的资料。结论抽取92例经血红蛋白电泳筛查并经临床诊断为地中海贫血的患者静脉血,用Gap-PCR方法检测α地中海贫血患者3种常见基因缺失和用PCR结合反向斑点杂交法检测β地中海贫血患者17个常见基因突变位点。结果对92例地中海贫血患者进行基因检测,检测出α地中海贫血60例(65.2%),β地中海贫血32例(34.8%),其中60例α地中海贫血患者3种基因缺失中,检测出-SEA54例(71.1%)、-α3.715例(19.7%)、-α4.27例(9.2%),其基因型以-SEA/αα最常见(63.2%)。32例β地中海贫血患者基因突变位点CD41-4210例(31.4%)、CD177例(21.9%)、IVS-Ⅱ-6547例(21.9%)、-282例(6.3%)、CD432例(6.3%)、CD71-721例(3.1%)、βE1例(3.1%)。结论中山市黄圃地区地中海贫血患者基因型中α地中海贫血患者以-SEA/αα基因型最为常见,β地中海贫血患者基因突变位点以CD41-42点突变最为常见,为本地区开展产前诊断和遗传咨询提供了参考资料。     

2650例育龄期妇女地中海贫血的筛查结果分析

目的：对南宁地区2650例育龄期妇女进行地中海贫血（简称：地贫）的筛查结果分析,了解人群地贫的发生率、携带率及基因类型。方法采用血液学检查和血红蛋白（Hb）电泳对受检人群进行实验室检查,筛查疑似人群,再进一步基因分析确诊。结果初筛出的536例疑为地贫患者（或基因携带者）的血液学检查结果：病例组红细胞、网织红细胞数高于对照组;Hb 低于对照组;平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞 Hb 含量显著低于对照组。 Hb 电泳结果中,检出512例结果异常者,其中α地贫表型阳性68例,β地贫表型阳性438例,确诊为α地贫（68例）和β地贫（438例）共计506例,占总受检人数的19．09％。结果显示本地区常见的α地贫基因型为东南亚缺失型杂合子（‐SEA /αα）、右缺失型杂合子（‐α3．7/αα）、左缺失型杂合子（‐α4．2/αα）、Hb Constant Spring （‐αCS /αα）点突变等,β地贫基因型为 CD41‐42杂合子、CD17杂合子、CD71‐72杂合子、CD28杂合子等。结论广西是地贫高发区,开展育龄期妇女婚前、孕前筛查,指导合理的联姻、妊娠,并通过人群干预来预防常见的人类单基因致死、致残性遗传病,对促进优生优育,提高人口素质有重要意义。     

小儿重型地中海贫血内分泌功能与生长发育情况分析

目的 探讨小儿重型地中海贫血内分泌功能与生长发育情况.方法 选取2018年5月至2021年1月惠州市第一人民医院收治的62例重型地中海贫血患儿为研究对象.测量患儿的身高及体质量,并以此计算年龄别身高Z值(HAZ)及年龄别体质量Z值(WAZ);检测患儿的血红蛋白(Hb)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、甲状腺功能[包括超敏促甲状腺素...     

Partial splenic embolization in the management of thalassemia major A report of 40 cases

Forty children with thalassemia major were treated with gelfoam particles for partialsplenic embolization (PSE).The embolization of the spleen ranged from 50 to 85 per cent.Af-ter PSE,the spleen shrank greatly,and the symptoms of anemia improved.The immunologicalfunction of the body was the same as before PSE.All patients showed a marked reduction intransfusion requirements.Therefore,it is believed that PSE is an effective therapy for tha-lassemia major.     

影响老年直肠癌术后存活时间的多因素分析

[目的]分析影响老年直肠癌术后存活时间的高危因素.[方法]回顾性分析2006年4月至2013年10月间经手术治疗的83例老年直肠癌患者的临床资料,对影响预后的因素进行单因素和多因素分析.[结果]83例均行手术治疗,建立了影响直肠癌术后生存的危险状态函数.单因素分析结果显示,TNM分期、分化程度、组织学分型、营养不良、输血、神经侵犯、原有疾病是影响术后恢复的影响因素.多因素分析结果显示,TNM分期、分化程度、营养不良、原有疾病是影响术后生存期的独立危险因素.[结论]TME手术有助于提高远期存活率,扩大淋巴结清扫对远期生存率无意义,正确合理的围手术期处理是提高病人存活率的关键.     

海南省地中海贫血基因频率分析

目的 为预防和控制海南省地中海贫血的发病,对本地区地中海贫血的基因类型、发生频率等情况进行分析.方法 通过收集从2014年1月至2014年12月在海南省人民医院进行地中海贫血基因诊断的患者血样,使用聚合酶链反应、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和反向斑点杂交对其基因类型进行分析,结果采用Excel 2010和SPSS12.0统计软件进行分析.结果 在1693例样本中,α地中海贫血检出604例,占35.68%,其中东南亚型最常见,其次为静止型,β地中海贫血检出246例,检出率为14.53%,CD41~42、-28、S-Ⅱ-654为最常见突变,复合型75例,占4.43%.结论 地中海贫血在海南高发且以α地中海贫血为主,医疗机构和行政机关应当积极采取大规模筛查和产前诊断等措施,防控重型地贫患儿出生,提高人群素质.     

血细胞与血红蛋白分析在地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值研究

目的 探究血细胞与血红蛋白(Hb)分析在地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值.方法 选取本院2015年1月~2015年12月期间就诊的138例患者,根据检查结果将确诊为地贫基因携带者的60例患者设为观察组(α型有35例,β型22例,αβ复合型3例),78例未携带者设为对照组.分别检测MCH(平均红细胞血红蛋白含量)、MCV(平均红细胞体积)和HbA2,评估其诊断价值.结果 MCH用于三地贫的灵敏度分别为93.5%、98.8%、91.7%,特异度为54.8%、阴性预测值为93.5%、阳性预测值为62.7%、诊断准确率为72.8%;MCV上述值分别为87.8%、98.4%、100.0%、65.2%、90.6%、67.7%、76.9%;HbA2上述值分别为28.2%、96.7%、100.0%、77.6%、67.1%、65.1%、66.4%;在筛查地贫中MCH、MCV、HbA2的特异度和灵敏度两两对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);MCH+MCV+HbA2联合检测的特异度和阳性预测值优于MCH+MCV,而在灵敏度、阴性预测值和诊断准确度等方面则明显低于MCH+MCV检测方案,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MCH+MCV用于地中海贫血初筛具有较好的效果,而在诊断α-地贫时,HbA2作为单项指标其灵敏度低,可适当放宽判定标准,从而增加临床诊断的灵敏度和准确率,提高优生优育.