成人腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨成人腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现及其诊断价值. 材料和方法:回顾性分析6例经病理证实的腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现. 结果:3例起源于小肠系膜,1例起源于结肠系膜,2例发生在腹膜后腔.6例均为多房型.2例呈巨大长袋状,2例形态不规则,2例为分叶状囊肿.囊壁菲薄,光滑,囊内密度均匀,部分囊壁和间隔可见增强.2例可见"血管穿行征",2例沿组织间隙蔓延呈"爬行性生长"改变. 结论:肠系膜及腹膜后囊性淋巴管瘤是腹部的少见囊性病变,CT能够准确地显示病变的形态学特征和部位, 并能够提供相应的诊断依据,帮助与其他囊性疾病鉴别.     

腹部脏器外淋巴管瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨肠系膜及腹膜后淋巴管瘤的CT表现.方法:回顾性分析经临床手术病理证实的13例腹部脏器外淋巴管瘤的CT表现.结果:CT显示6例单囊;7例多囊,2例呈弥漫微囊;无壁7例,囊壁菲薄4例,增强后无强化;厚壁2例,增强后强化;5例有分隔,增强后强化;钙化1例;肠系膜血管征2例;11例囊内为均匀水样密度;肿块最小2 cm,最大32 cm.结论:腹部淋巴管瘤的影像学表现为单囊或多囊,部分较大肿块呈分叶状,无壁或壁菲薄,囊内密度均匀,为水或更低密度,少见钙化,肠系膜血管征为其特征性表现,CT对定位定性具有重要价值.     

脾血管淋巴管瘤的CT诊断

目的 探讨脾血管淋巴管瘤的CT特征.资料与方法回顾性分析经病理证实的9例脾血管淋巴管瘤的CT表现.结果 9例中,多发病灶5例,单发病灶4例,共计40个病灶.病灶位于脾包膜下或实质内,边缘清晰,囊性或囊实性.CT平扫等密度灶23个,低密度16个,等密度、边缘钙化1个.增强扫描,病灶无强化6个,细线分隔强化病灶20个,多分隔"网格"样强化14个;10个瘤灶边缘见粗大血管.病理显示,病灶以大小不等的囊性淋巴管瘤成分为主,囊腔大小不一,囊壁菲薄,分隔纤细,其中夹杂不同比例的血管成分.病灶无明显强化者,病灶内血管成分少;细线状或点状强化者,血管成分渐多;较明显"网"状分隔强化灶内,血管成分比较显著.结论 脾血管淋巴管瘤CT表现与其中的血管成分所占比例相关,血管成分明显者,可出现细线状分隔强化,甚至"网"状强化;血管成分较少者,与淋巴管瘤相似,强化不明显.     

腹部淋巴管瘤的CT及MR表现

目的 探讨腹部淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma,LA)的CT及MRI诊断价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析5例经病理证实的腹部LA的CT及MRI表现.结果 5例中肠系膜3例.腹膜后2例,表现为跨区、沿组织间隙适形性生长的囊袋状病灶,壁薄、光滑,囊及囊壁无明显强化.1例见肠系膜血管征伴周缘多发滋养血管.结论 CT及MRI对腹部LA的诊断具有重要价值,联合应用有助于提高其诊断准确性.     

成人原发腹部淋巴管瘤超声表现

目的探讨成人原发腹部淋巴管瘤(APAL)的超声诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析12例APAL(海绵状淋巴管瘤1例,囊性淋巴管瘤11例)的声像图表现,并与CT血管造影(CTA)和MRI对照。结果 12例APAL患者中,4例发生于脾脏,3例起源于肠系膜,5例位于腹膜后。脾内和肠系膜淋巴管瘤中5例为圆形或浅分叶状,腹膜后5例占位形态不规则。多发多房者3例,单发多房者4例,单发单房者5例。超声显示,囊壁血流3例,2例显示分隔血流。超声提示淋巴管瘤2例,误诊为转移瘤及脂肪瘤各1例,1例肠系膜病变误诊为腹膜后占位。结论成人腹部原发淋巴管瘤的典型表现为多房分隔,超声具有一定的诊断意义。     

肠系膜海绵状血管淋巴管瘤的影像学诊断

目的探讨肠系膜海绵状血管淋巴管瘤的影像学表现。方法对经手术病理证实的5例肠系膜海绵状血管淋巴管瘤进行回顾性分析,USG检查5例,CT平扫5例。结果USG显示肿瘤内部呈现低回声光团,呈网格状。CDFI显示:其内可见丰富的红蓝血流信号。CT表现为等低混杂密度肿块,形状不规则,病灶边缘可见多个类圆形等密度或低密度囊性病灶,囊壁厚薄不均。结论联合采用B超和CT有利于提高肠系膜海绵状血管淋巴管瘤的诊断准确率。     

腹膜腔囊性病变的CT表现

目的：探讨腹膜腔囊性病变的CT诊断及应用价值。方法：对照分析57例腹膜腔囊性病变的CT表现和手术、病理结果。结果：21例腹膜腔囊肿或囊腺瘤、囊腺癌CT均表现为边界清晰的囊性或囊实性包块,7例肠系膜囊肿发现囊肿与肠系膜根部相连。5例腹膜腔假性黏液瘤则在肝脏前、后间隙和结肠下间隙见多个有分隔状囊性肿块。3例腹膜腔囊性间皮瘤局限于下腹腔,壁稍厚,有强化。4例腹膜腔淋巴管瘤位于胃脾肾间隙和胃肝间隙,5例腹膜腔血肿均有外伤史,表现为上腹部器管间隙内边缘清晰的囊性包块。12例腹膜腔脓肿均有腹部手术和术后发热史。结论：CT能清晰地显示腹膜腔囊性病变的部位、形态和范围,对临床诊断和治疗有重要价值。     

儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的的CT诊断

目的:探讨CT对儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析35例经手术病理证实的儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的CT表现。结果:淋巴管瘤11例,其中肠系膜淋巴管瘤7例,腹膜后淋巴管瘤4例,肿块形态不规则,囊壁菲薄,张力低,边缘清楚,其中8例可见线条状分隔,8例行增强扫描均未见强化。肠系膜囊肿8例,均为先天性肠系膜囊肿,形态较规则,边缘清晰锐利,囊壁薄而均匀,6例为单房,2例为多房,2例囊壁呈线状强化,6例囊壁无强化。大网膜囊肿4例,长径均大于6cm,病灶位于腹腔前方,紧贴前腹壁,形态不规则。肠重复畸形6例,均与肠管关系密切,4例呈管状,2例呈类圆形,4例囊壁可见强化。囊性畸胎瘤4例,3例位于腹膜后,1例位于骶尾部,2例囊壁可见线条状钙化。腹部脓肿2例,呈不规则液性密度区,囊壁较厚且厚薄不均,增强时明显强化。结论:CT对腹部脏器外囊性病变的形态特征、大小范围及与周围组织结构的关系显示清晰,能对大多数病变作出准确诊断。     

囊性淋巴管瘤DSCT表现及病理对照

目的探讨囊性淋巴管瘤的DSCT表现与病理对照分析。方法搜集经病理证实为囊性淋巴管瘤15例的DSCT影像资料,回顾性分析病灶DSCT表现,并与手术及病理结果对照。结果 15例囊性淋巴管瘤中,位于颈部3例,腋下1例,纵膈2例,腹部9例,包括大网膜4例,肠系膜3例,腹膜后2例,其中1例伴肝脏局灶性结节增生。单房囊肿6例,多房囊肿9例,除1例囊壁厚以外,其余囊壁均薄,囊内可见纤细分隔,囊壁及分隔均无壁结节,密度均匀,CT值约+11HU,大小约2.4~21.2cm,腹部9例病例中8例病灶旁均可见结节状钙化灶,增强囊壁及分隔均有强化,3例囊内可见血管穿行。结论 DSCT能够清晰显示病变的影像学特征、病变部位、累及范围及周围血管情况,对临床确定手术方案有着十分重要的价值。     

小儿淋巴管瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的 探讨儿童淋巴管瘤的CT和MRI表现及其诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的43例淋巴管瘤的CT和MRI影像资料,CT检查37例,MRI检查6例.结果 病变发生于颈部21例,其中同时累及纵隔和/或腋窝6例;肠系膜7例;腹膜后7例;大网膜3例;胸腹壁3例;四肢2例.主要表现为:(1) 边缘清楚或不清楚的单房性(n=5)或多房囊性(n=38)薄壁肿块;(2) 沿疏松组织间隙生长(n=22);(3) 5例出血者瘤内密度增高,其中2例可见液-液平面;(4) 2例合并感染者,囊壁增厚;(5)增强扫描囊壁及分隔轻度强化,囊内不强化;(6) T2WI均呈高信号影,T1WI呈低信号或等信号影,合并出血者T1WI呈高信号影.结论 淋巴管瘤的CT、MRI表现具有特征性,对临床治疗有重要价值.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.