Inhibitory Effects of Parthenolide on the Angiogenesis Induced by Human Multiple Myeloma Cells and the Mechanism

The inhibitory effects of parthenolide （PTL） on angiogenesis induced by multiple myeloma （MM） cells in vitro and the mechanism were investigated. Human MM line RPMI8226 cells were cultured in vitro. The effects of MM culture supernatant on the migration and tubule formation ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） treated with PTL were observed. By using Western blot, the expression of p65 and IкB-α in MM cells was detected. RT-PCR was used to assay the expression of VEGF, IL-6, MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA in MM cells. ELISA was used to measure the levels of VEGF and IL-6 in MM cell culture supernatant. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in MM cells was examined by immunohistochemistry. （1） In 3.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 μmol/L PTL groups the number of migrated cells was 310±56, 207±28, 127±21 and 49±10 respectively, which was significantly different from that in positive control group （598±47） （P〈0.01）. In 3.5 and 5.0 μmol/L PTL groups the areas of capillary-like structures were 0.092±0.003 and 0.063±0.002 mm2, significantly less than in positive control group （0.262±0.012 mm2） （P〈0.01）, but in 7.5 and 10 μmol/L PTL groups no capillary-like structures were found; （2） After treatment with different concentrations of PTL for 48 h, the expression of p65 protein was gradually decreased, while that of IкB-α was gradually enhanced with the increased concentration of PTL; （3） After treatment with 3.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 μmol/L PTL for 48 h, the VEGF levels in the supernatant were 2373.4±392.2, 1982.3±293.3, 1247.0±338.4 and 936.5±168.5 pg/mL respectively, significantly different from those in positive control group （2729±440.0 pg/mL） （P〈0.05）. After treatment with 7.5 and 10 μmol/L PTL, the IL-6 levels in the culture supernatant were 59.6±2.8 and 41.4±9.8 pg/mL respectively, signifi- cantly lower than in positive control group （1287.3±43.5 pg/mL） （P〈0.05）; （4） RT-PCR revealed that PTL could significantly inhibit the expression of V     

Effects of Betulinic Acid on Proliferation and Apoptosis in Jurkat Cells and Its In Vitro Mechanism

The anti-cancer effects of betulinic acid (BA) on Jurkat cells and its in vitro mechanism were examined by using MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by using Hoechst33258 staining and annexin-Ⅴ/PI double-labeled cytometry. The effects of betulinic acid on the cell cycle of Jurkat cells were studied by propidium iodide method. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the changes of cyclin D3, bcl-xl mRNA and protein levels in Jurkat cells after treatment with betulinic acid. Our results showed the proliferation of Jurkat cells was decreased in betulinic acid-treated group with a 24-h IC50 value being 70.00 μmol/L. Betulinic acid induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The number of Jurkat cells treated with betulinic acid showed an increase in G0/G1 phase and decrease in S phase. After treatment with 0, 20, 60, 100 μmol/L betulinic acid for 24 h, the number of Jurkat cells was increased from (31.00±1.25)% to (58.84±0.32)% in G0/G1 phase, whereas it was decreased from (61.45±1.04)% to (35.82±1.95)% in S phase. PBMCs were less sensitive to the cytotoxicity of betulinic acid than Jurkat cells. The expressions of cyclin D3, bcl-xl mRNA and protein were decreased sharply in Jurkat cells treated with betulinic acid. It is concluded that betulinic acid is able to inhibit the proliferation of Jurkat cells by regulating the cell cycle, arrest cells at G0/G1 phase and induce the cell apoptosis. The anti-tumor effects of betulinic acid are related to the down-regulated expression of cyclin D3 and bcl-xl.     

Isorhamnetin Downregulates MMP2 and MMP9 to Inhibit Development of Rheumatoid Arthritis through SRC/ERK/CREB Pathway

Objective:To investigate the effect of isorhamnetin on the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS) was exposed to additional isorhamnetin(10,20 and 40 μmol/L).Overexpression vectors for matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP2) or MMP9or SRC were transfected to explore their roles in isorhamnetin-mediated RA-FLS function.RA-FLS viability,migration,and invasion were evaluated.Moreover,a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rat model w...     

Clinical value of urinary and serum pseudouridine in diagnosis and monitoring of primary liver cancer.

Urinary and serum pseudouridine concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography in 80 patients with primary liver cancer, 32 with benign space occupying lesions of the liver, 42 with liver cirrhosis and 40 healthy subjects. Their mean urinary and serum pseudouridine levels were 39.2=11.5 nmol / /μmol creatinine and 3.4 ± 1.3 μmol / L, 24.5 = 5.4 nmol / μmol creatinine and 2.5 = 0.5 μmol / L, 22.8 ± 7.8 nmol / μmol creatinine and 2.3 = 0.4 μmol / L, 26.4 ± 4.6 nmol / μmol creatinine and 2.3 = 0.4 μmol / L, respectively. Exceeding the mean plus 2SD of pseudouridine of healthy control was considered as positive value for the diagnosis of primary liver cancer. Thus the positivity of urinary and serum pseudouridine in hepatoma was 71.3% and 70.0%, respectively. The positive rate of combined pseudouridine and alpha-fetoprotein assay was 91.3% in patients with hepatoma. Besides, pseudouridine levels could elevate before positive localization and reduce to normal levels after     

Paeoniflorin Promotes Angiogenesis in A Vascular Insufficiency Model of Zebrafish in vivo and in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells in vitro

Objective: To investigate the pro-angiogenic effects of paeoniflorin (PF) in a vascular insufficiency model of zebrafish and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: In vivo, the pro-angiogenic effects of PF were tested in a vascular insufficiency model in the Tg(fli-1:EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish. The 24 h post fertilization (hpf) embryos were pretreated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ⅱ (VRI) for 3 h to establish the vascular insufficiency model and then post-treated with PF for 24 h. The formation of intersegmental vessels (ISVs) was observed with a fluorescence microscope. The mRNA expression of fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (flt-1), kinase insert domain receptor (kdr), kinase insert domain receptor like (kdrl) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In vitro, the pro-angiogenic effects of PF were observed in HUVECs in which cell proliferation, migration and tube formation were assessed. Results: PF (6.25–100 μmol/L) could rescue VRI-induced blood vessel loss in zebrafish and PF (25–100 μmol/L) , thereby restoring the mRNA expressions of flt-1, kdr, kdrl and vWF, which were down-regulated by VRI treatment. In addition, PF (0.001–0.03 μmol/L) could promote the proliferation of HUVECs while PF stimulated HUVECs migration at 1.0–10 μmol/L and tube formation at 0.3 μmol/L. Conclusion: PF could promote angiogenesis in a vascular insufficiency model of zebrafish in vivo and in HUVECs in vitro.     

Paeoniflorin Promotes Angiogenesis in A Vascular Insufficiency Model of Zebrafish in vivo and in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells in vitro

Objective: To investigate the pro-angiogenic effects of paeoniflorin(PF) in a vascular insufficiency model of zebrafish and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs). Methods: In vivo, the pro-angiogenic effects of PF were tested in a vascular insufficiency model in the Tg(fli-1:EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish. The 24 h post fertilization(hpf) embryos were pretreated with vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ⅱ(VRI) for 3 h to establish the vascular insufficiency model and then post-treated with PF for 24 h. The formation of intersegmental vessels(ISVs) was observed with a fluorescence microscope. The m RNA expression of fms-like tyrosine kinase-1(flt-1), kinase insert domain receptor(kdr), kinase insert domain receptor like(kdrl) and von Willebrand factor(v WF) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR). In vitro, the pro-angiogenic effects of PF were observed in HUVECs in which cell proliferation, migration and tube formation were assessed. Results: PF(6.25–100 μmol/L) could rescue VRI-induced blood vessel loss in zebrafish and PF(25–100 μmol/L), thereby restoring the m RNA expressions of flt-1, kdr, kdrl and v WF, which were down-regulated by VRI treatment. In addition, PF(0.001–0.03 μmol/L) could promote the proliferation of HUVECs while PF stimulated HUVECs migration at 1.0–10 μmol/L and tube formation at 0.3 μmol/L. Conclusion: PF could promote angiogenesis in a vascular insufficiency model of zebrafish in vivo and in HUVECs in vitro.     

Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor activities of natural compounds isolated from Quercus gilva Blume leaves

Objective: To isolate and investigate antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor compounds in the leaves of Quercus gilva Blume(Q. gilva).Methods: Dry leaves of Q. gilva were extracted with methanol and the methanolic extract was further separated by silica gel column chromatography using several solvents with increasing polarity. The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using various in vitro assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, β-carotene bleaching assay, and reducing power assay. The α-glucosidase inhibitory assay was conducted against α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Results: Three compounds were isolated and their structures were identii ed as catechin(1), epicatechin(2), and tiliroside(3) using an instrumental analysis. Compound 2 had higher antioxidant activity with inhibitory concentrations(IC50) of(22.55 ± 2.23) μmol/L than that of quercetin, which was used as the standard, with an IC50 of(28.08 ± 2.39) μmol/L, followed by compound 1 with IC50 of(40.86 ± 3.45) μmol/L. On the other hand, compound 3 had the lowest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of(160.24 ± 8.15) μmol/L. However, compound 3 had the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of(28.36 ± 0.11) μmol/L, followed by compounds 1 and 2 with(168.60 ± 5.15) and(920.60 ± 10.10) μmol/L, respectively.Conclusions: The results obtained for the antioxidant activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in a methanolic extract from the leaves of Q. gilva coni rmed the potential of this plant as a source of natural antioxidants and antidiabetic medicine.     

Rapid determination of dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

Objective To determine dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.Methods Microdialysis probes were placed into the right striatum of Wistar rat brains and perfused with Ringer's solution at a rate of 1.5 μL/min.A reverse phase HPLC with electrochemistry was used to assay DA,DOPAC,and HVA after cerebral microdialysates were collected every 20 minutes from awake and freely moving rats.In order to identify the reliability of this method,its selectivity,linear range,precision and accuracy were tested and the contents of DA,DOPAC,and HVA in rat microdialysates were determined.Results The standard curve was in good linear at the concentration ranging from 74 nmol/L to 1.5 μmol/L for DOPAC(r2= 0.9996),from 66 nmol/L to 1.3 μmol/L for DA(r2=1.0000)and from 69 nmol/L to 1.4 μmol/L for HVA(r2=0.9992).The recovery of DOPAC(0.30,0.77,1.49 μmol/L),DA(0.26,0.69,1.32 μmol/L),and HVA(0.27,0.71,1.37 μmol/L)was 82.00±1.70%,104.00±4.00%,98.70±3.10%;92.30±1.50%,105.30±2.30%,108.00±2.00%;80.00±7.80%,107.69±8.00%,and 108.66±3.10%,respectively at each concentration.Their intra-day RSD was 3.3%,3.4%,and 2.5%,and inter-day RSD was 4.2%,2.3%,and 5.6%,respectively.The mean extracellular concentrations of DOPAC,DA,and HVA in rat brain microdialysates were 10.7,2.4,and 9.2 μmol/L(n=6),respectively.Conclusion The findings of our study suggested that the simple,accurate and stable method can be applied to basic researches of diseases related to monoamines neurotransmitters by cerebral microdialysis in rats.     

叶酰聚谷氨酸合成酶基因在甲氨蝶呤对映体获得性耐药A549细胞株中的表达差异

目的 研究不同甲氨蝶呤(MTX)对映体耐药与叶酰聚谷氨酸合成酶(FPGS)基因水平表达的关系.方法 用大剂量冲击递增结合低剂量持续诱导法诱导获得两组含不同构型15～55μmol/L浓度的MTX对映体[L-(+)-MTX和D-(-)-MTX]耐药的细胞系,细胞为人源非小细胞性肺癌A549细胞,用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测各细胞系的耐药指数;用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RFQ-PCR)方法检测这两组各细胞系中胞质型FPGS(cFPGS)和线粒体型FPGS(mFPGS)基因的相对含量.结果 D-(-)-MTX耐药细胞组耐药指数高于L-(+)-MTX耐药细胞组(32.7±9.3比11.5±2.9,P＜0.05),L-(+)-MTX/A549细胞系耐药指数均在5～15之间,为中度耐药,而D-(-)-MTX/A549细胞系耐药指数均＞15,为高度耐药.在D-(-)-MTX和L-(+)-MTX两组耐药细胞系中,mFPGS表达水平仪在MTX为15 μmol/L时差异无统计学意义,在MTX其他各浓度点两组间差异均有统计学意义(25 μmol/L:2.3±0.9比1.3±0.7,35 μnol/L:2.6±0.3比1.1±0.9,45 μmol/L:1.4±0.8比1.0±1.0,55 μmol/L;1.0±0.2比0.2±0.1均P＜0.05);cFPGS表达水平在MTX为15μmol/L时两组间差异也同样无统计学意义,在25～55 μmol/L浓度区间内D-(-)-MTX/A549细胞系的cFPGS表达与耐药指数呈现高度负相关(r=-0.95,P＜0.05).结论 在A549细胞中MTX对映体初次剂量15 μmol/L冲击法诱导获得的对映体耐药与再次接受更大剂量(≥25 μmol/L)MTX诱导获得耐药的机制不同,D-(-)-MTX/A549耐药细胞系表现为更高的耐药性,提示临床使用MTX时应考虑该药物存在手性对映体问题.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between the resistance of methotrexate (MTX) enantiomer and the gene expression levels of folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS).Methods The cell lines of MTX enantiomer resistance from 15 -55 μmol/L were obtained when the A549 cell lines were exposed intermittently and progressively to an incremental dose of each MTX enantiomer.The resistant index of MTX resistance cell lines were detected by MTT.The gene expressions of FPGS in cytoplasm and mitochondria were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The resistance indice of D-( - )-MTX resistant cell lines were higher than those of L-( + )-MTX resistant cells (32.7±9.3 vs 11.5 ±2.9,P ＜0.05).The resistant indice of L-( + )-MTX /A549 were from 5 to 15,which mean the middle resistance.The resistant indice of D-( - )-MTX/A549 were more than 15,which mean the severe resistance.The expression of mFPGS had difference between resistant cell lines of L-( + )and D-( - )-MTX except at 15 μmol/L MTX (at 25 μmol/L,1.3 ±0.7 vs.2.3 ±0.9;at 35 μmol/L,1.1 ±0.9 vs.2.6±0.3;at 45 μmol/L,1.0±1.0 vs.1.4±0.8;at 55 μmol/L,0.2±0.1 vs.1.0±0.2;all P＜0.05).The expressions of cFPGS had no difference between resistant cell lines of L-( + ) and D-( - )-MTX at 15 μmol/L MTX,while at 25 -55 μmol/L,the cFPGS levels and resistance indice of D-( - )-MTX/A549 resistant cell lines showed a highly negative correlation ( r = - 0.95,P＜0.05 ).Conclusion There may be a different mechanism between the first time treatment with 15 μmol/L dosage and the continual treatment with more than 25 μmol/L dosage in A549 cell lines.There had higher resistant index in D-( - )-MTX/A549 cell line than in L-( + )-MTX/A549 cell line.The results indicated that the difference in chirality should be considered in clinical treatment with MTX.     

Suppression of intracranial glioma tumorigenesis with vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligonucleotide in rats

Objective: To observe the inhibition of intracranial glioma tumorigenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) in rats. Methods: Totally 20 μ1 Hank's liquid containing 1×106 C6 glioma cells was seeded into rat right caudate putaraen in high-flow microinfusion with stereotactic technique. VEGF antisense ODN was simultaneously used with glioma cell. Each rat of the treated group Ⅰ and the treated group Ⅱ was treated with 1 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. Each rat of the treated group Ⅲ and the treated group Ⅳ was treated with 2 000 μmol/L VEGF antisense ODN. The experimental periods of the treated group Ⅰ , the treated group Ⅲ and the control group Ⅰ were 2 weeks, those of the treated group Ⅱ , the treated group Ⅳ and the control group Ⅱ were 3 weeks. Before sacrifice, MRI was performed on each rat. Tumor magnitude and pathologic examination were detected after samples were dissected. Results: The survival state of all treated rats was better, and     

EphA2对结肠癌细胞株HCT116中VEGF和MMP9蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨EphA2对结肠癌细胞株HCT116中血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinases 9, MMP9)蛋白表达的影响.方法:用Western 印迹验证选择高表达EphA2蛋白的结肠癌细胞株HCT116;脂质体转染法将EphA2反义寡核苷酸瞬时转染入HCT116细胞,Western 印迹检测反义寡核苷酸转染效率后, ELISA检测转染前后细胞上清液中VEGF蛋白的表达;明胶酶谱分析法检测转染前后细胞上清液中明胶酶的分泌.结果:EphA2 反义寡核苷酸成功抑制了EphA2总蛋白的表达, 降低了VEGF蛋白和MMP9蛋白的表达.结论:EphA2 反义寡核苷酸通过降低结肠癌细胞株HCT116中VEGF,MMP9蛋白的表达来抑制结肠癌细胞株HCT116的侵袭和转移.     

PI-103对人黑色素瘤A375细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响及其机制研究

目的观察PI-103在体外对人黑色素瘤A375细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响,并探讨可能的作用机制。方法应用MTT法检测不同浓度PI-103对A375细胞增殖的影响,Transwell小室实验检测0.1、0.2μmol/L PI-103对A375细胞迁移能力和侵袭能力的影响,Western Blot法测定细胞基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-2、MMP-9的表达。结果 0.1、0.2μmol/L PI-103对A375细胞增殖的抑制作用不明显（P〉0.05）;在浓度高于0.4μmol/L时,PI-103能够明显抑制A375细胞的增殖（P〈0.05）。0.1μmol/L PI-103作用后,迁移实验和运动实验穿膜细胞数分别为（91.73±13.80）、（63.67±8.54）,与对照组比较明显减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;0.2μmol/L PI-103作用后,迁移实验和运动实验穿膜细胞数分别为（64.07±9.22）、（34.80±7.89）,与对照组比较明显减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。0.1、0.2μmol/L PI-103作用后,A375细胞MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 PI-103可通过下调MMP-2、MMP-9的表达抑制A375细胞迁移和侵袭,为其应用于抗恶性黑素瘤转移治疗提供了实验依据。     

氯喹逆转人鼻咽癌细胞HNE1/DDP的耐药作用

目的探究氯喹对人鼻咽耐药细胞的逆转耐药作用及其机制。方法MTT检测不同浓度的顺铂（2, 4, 8, 16, 32 μmol·L-1）
以及不同浓度的氯喹（5, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1）处理HNE1细胞,HNE1/DDP细胞48 h 对细胞增殖的影响;q-PCR方法检测5,
10 μmol·L-1 氯喹处理HNE1/DDP后的多药耐药基因MDR1 mRNA的表达;PI单染方法检测氯喹（10, 20 μmol·L-1）处理HNE1/
DDP后细胞凋亡率;采用Western blot 方法检测氯喹处理HNE1/DDP后的P-糖蛋白（P-glycoprotein, P-gp）的表达。结果MTT
结果显示,不同浓度的氯喹（5, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1）对细胞具有明显的抑制作用,并且呈浓度依赖性;q-PCR结果表明,氯喹
作用细胞后能明显降低MDR1 mRNA水平;PI 结果显示,氯喹作用细胞后,细胞的凋亡率明显增加;通过western blot 实验表
明,氯喹能明显降低MDR1和P-gp 蛋白水平。结论氯喹能逆转人鼻咽癌细胞HNE1/DDP的耐药,其机制可能与下调MDR1
mRNA表达及抑制P-gp的功能与表达有关。
     

和厚朴酚对人舌癌CAL-27细胞增殖、迁移及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨和厚朴酚（HNK）对人舌鳞癌CAL-27细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响。方法 采用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基培养CAL-27细胞。并将其分为对照组和3个实验组,实验组分别加入20、40、60 μmol/L的HNK进行处理。用MTT法检测 不同浓度和厚朴酚对CAL-27细胞增殖的影响;划痕实验观察CAL-27细胞迁移能力;Hoechst33342荧光染色法和Annexin VFITC/PI法检测CAL-27细胞凋亡数及凋亡率;Western blot检测CAL-27细胞内p-Pi3k、p-Fak、Fak、MMP2、MMP9、p-Akt、Akt、Bax、Bcl-2和Cleaved-Caspase-3的蛋白表达量。结果 HNK（0、20、40、60 μmol/L）处理24 h后CAL-27细胞增殖、迁移能力减弱;且随HNK浓度增大细胞凋亡数升高,凋亡率分别为（6.53±1.80）%、（15.24±2.06）%、（35.03±2.42）%、（48.13±4.61）%,细胞内p-Pi3k、p-Fak、p-Akt、MMP2、MMP9和Bcl-2蛋白表达量减少而Bax、Cleaved-Caspase-3蛋白表达量增加（P<0.01）。结论 HNK能抑制CAL-27细胞体外增殖及迁移,同时还能诱导其凋亡,作用机制可能与调控细胞内p-Pi3k、p-Fak、p-Akt、MMP2、MMP9、Bax、Bcl-2和Cleaved-Caspase-3的蛋白表达量有关。     

非诺贝特对TNF-α诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞CD40表达和基质金属蛋白酶活性的抑制作用

目的研究非诺贝特对肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)CD40表达和基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)活性的作用。方法应用RT-PCR和流式细胞仪分别检测非诺贝特对TNF-α诱导的HUVECs的CD40mRNA和细胞表面CD40表达的影响;用明胶酶谱法测定TNF-α对HUVECs的MMP-2、MMP-9活性的影响以及非诺贝特对它们的作用。结果非诺贝特在5×10-5,1×10-4和2×10-4mol/L的浓度范围内能显著降低CD40mRNA和细胞表面CD40的表达(P<0.01),以1×10-4mol/L的非诺贝特的效果最为明显;浓度为2×10-4mol/L时,非诺贝特并没有进一步降低CD40mRNA和细胞表面CD40的表达。非诺贝特能抑制TNF-α诱导的HUVECs中MMP-2和MMP-9活性的增加。结论非诺贝特能降低TNF-α诱导的HUVECs的CD40表达,并且能抑制TNF-α诱导的HUVECs中MMP-2和MMP-9活性的增加。     

3-溴丙酮酸对耐顺铂鼻咽癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:探讨糖酵解抑制剂3-溴丙酮酸(3-BP)对耐顺铂鼻咽癌细胞HNE1/DDP增殖和凋亡的影响.方法:MTT比色法和集落克隆形成实验检测3-BP对HNE1/DDP细胞的增殖抑制作用,PI染色法检测3-BP对HNE1/DDP细胞凋亡的影响,Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白多聚腺苷酸二磷酸核糖转移酶(PARP)、髓样细胞白血病-1(Mcl-1)、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)的表达.结果:3-BP可显著抑制HNE1/DDP细胞的增殖,其48 h的IC50值为260.2μmol/L.低浓度(10、20、40μmol/L)的3-BP能明显抑制HNE1/DDP细胞集落克隆的形成.3-BP可诱导HNE1/DDP细胞发生明显的细胞凋亡(P<0.01),80、160、320μmol/L 3-BP作用48 h的细胞凋亡率分别为(13.7±2.1)％、(25.5±2.4)％、(45.5±3.5)％,对照组的细胞凋亡率为(1.6±0.6)％.Western blotting结果显示,3-BP处理HNE1/DDP细胞后可促进PARP的剪切,能下调抗凋亡蛋白Mcl-1和Bcl-2的表达.结论:3-BP对HNE1/DDP细胞具有增殖抑制及凋亡诱导作用,其机制可能与下调抗凋亡蛋白Mcl-1和Bcl-2的表达相关.     

EGFR信号通路调控人胶质瘤U87细胞侵袭转移的分子机制

目的探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)信号通路与人胶质瘤细胞(U87细胞)增殖和侵袭转移的关系及调控分子机制。方法表皮生长因子(EGF,100ng/mL)、EGFR抑制剂———AG1478(10μmol/L)单独和联合处理U87细胞,采用MTT法和Transwell小室体外侵袭实验检测U87细胞增殖和体外侵袭能力;明胶酶谱法检测基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、MMP-9的表达水平;Western blot法检测磷酸化EGFR(P-EGFR)、磷酸化AKT(P-AKT)蛋白表达。结果 EGF(100ng/mL)增加P-EGFR和P-AKT蛋白表达,使加药后24h和48h的细胞生长率分别提高了19.25%、22.32%(P<0.05),使12h过膜细胞数由(27±4)个上升到(126±3)个(P<0.05),促进U87细胞的MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达(P<0.05);AG1478(10μmol/L)可以阻断EGF增加P-EGFR和P-AKT蛋白表达的作用(P<0.05),并具有时间依赖性(P<0.05),减弱U87细胞体外侵袭能力(P<0.05),抑制MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论 EGFR-PI3K/AKT信号通路参与调节U87细胞增殖和侵袭转移过程,其机制可能是EGFR-PI3K/AKT信号通路活化后,导致MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达增加,对细胞外基质的破坏增强。     

穿心莲内酯对人乳腺癌细胞迁移和侵袭的抑制作用

目的:探究穿心莲内酯对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞迁移和侵袭的抑制作用及机制。方法:用穿心莲内酯0,5,10,20,40和80 μmol/L处理MDA-MB-231细胞24 h,MTT法检测细胞存活率;伤口愈合和Transwell小室实验检测细胞迁移与侵袭能力;逆转录聚合酶链反应检测解偶联蛋白2（uncoupling protein 2,UCP2） mRNA表达;蛋白质印迹法检测UCP2和丙酮酸脱氢酶（pyruvate dehydrogenase,PDH）蛋白表达水平;乳酸试剂盒检测乳酸含量;JC-1染色后共聚焦显微镜检测线粒体膜电位。结果:穿心莲内酯对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖的抑制作用具有浓度依赖性;与0 μmol/L组相比,10,20,40 μmol/L组MDA-MB-231细胞的迁移与侵袭能力受到抑制（P<0.05或P<0.01）;UCP2的mRNA和蛋白表达下调（P<0.05或P<0.01）,线粒体膜电位升高,PDH蛋白表达上调,细胞内乳酸含量下降（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论:穿心莲内酯可能通过抑制乳腺癌的糖酵解和改变能量代谢的方式抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的迁移与侵袭,其机制可能与UCP2有关。     

吉非替尼抑制糖酵解诱导非小细胞肺癌的程序性死亡

目的 探究吉非替尼对非小细胞肺癌A549和H1975细胞死亡形式的影响,并从糖酵解方面探讨其可能机制。方法 A549细胞加入浓度分别为0、20、30、40 µmol/L的吉非替尼,H1975细胞加入浓度分别为0、20、40、80 µmol/L的吉非替尼。采用MTT法检测吉非替尼对非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖抑制作用。用乳酸试剂盒检测细胞内乳酸的变化,Western blot法检测细胞内糖酵解相关蛋白（PKM2、HK2）和PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路中蛋白的表达水平;2-NBDG检测细胞葡萄糖摄取能力,ATP试剂盒检测胞内ATP水平;JC-1试剂盒检测细胞线粒体膜电位,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测凋亡蛋白（Bax、Bcl-2）以及自噬标志蛋白LC3B的相对表达水平。结果 MTT结果显示吉非替尼可呈时间剂量依赖性的抑制A549和H1975细胞增殖（P<0.05）,A549细胞24、48、72 h的IC50值分别为48.6、28.6和19.7 µmol/L,H1975细胞24、48、72 h的IC50值分别为321.6、49.1和14.6 µmol/L。乳酸检测结果显示,吉非替尼抑制胞内乳酸水平（P<0.05）。Western blot结果显示,糖酵解相关蛋白PKM2、HK2表达下调（P<0.05）,PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路中相关蛋白表达下调（P<0.05）。吉非替尼也可以抑制A549和H1975细胞葡萄糖摄取、ATP水平（P<0.05）。JC-1试剂盒和Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测出吉非替尼能够诱导A549和H1975细胞发生凋亡,A549细胞中0、20、30、40 µmol/L的凋亡率分别为（10.77±1.0）%、（14.5±0.4）%、（17.4±0.2）%、（32.1±0.6）%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;而H1975细胞0、20、40、80 µmol/L的凋亡率分别为（10.5±0.6）%、（13.2±0.92）%、（18.9±0.98）%、（35.1±1.4）%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。促凋亡蛋白Bax表达增加和抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达下调（P<0.05）。同时LC3B表达增加证明吉非替尼能够诱导A549和H1975细胞自噬增加（P<0.05）。结论 吉非替尼对A549和H1975细胞具有增殖抑制、诱导凋亡和增加自噬作用,凋亡机制可能为吉非替尼影响A549和H1975细胞糖酵解功能和PI3K-Akt-mTOR信号通路。