铁皮枫斗胶囊的药理作用研究

目的:观察铁皮枫斗胶囊养阴生津及抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。方法:采用甲亢型阴虚模型小鼠、家兔唾液分泌量研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的养阴生津作用;采用小鼠游泳时间及缺氧存活时间研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。结果:铁皮枫斗胶囊能明显改善甲亢型阴虚小鼠的虚弱症状,降低小鼠的死亡率,与模型对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01) ;该药也能促进正常家兔的唾液分泌,并能拮抗抗胆碱药阿托品抑制唾液分泌作用;它能显著延长小鼠的游泳时间,明显延长经异丙肾上腺素处理小鼠在密闭三角烧瓶内的存活时间。结论:铁皮枫斗胶囊有显著的养阴生津功效,有抗疲劳作用,并能提高小鼠的耐缺氧能力     

穿山龙水提物对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳的作用

目的:观察穿山龙水提物对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用的影响。方法:采用常压耐缺氧法和负重游泳法观察穿山龙水提物对小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳作用的影响。结果:与生理盐水组比较,穿山龙水提物治疗组能明显延长缺氧小鼠的存活时间(P<0.05或P<0.01),并能明显延长小鼠的负重游泳时间(P<0.01)。结论:穿山龙具有明显的耐缺氧及抗疲劳的作用。     

淫羊藿多糖抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用的实验研究

目的研究淫羊藿多糖抗疲劳、耐缺氧功效。方法采用小鼠负重游泳法和小鼠耐常压缺氧法。结果淫羊藿多糖能显著延长小鼠游泳时间(P<0.05);淫羊藿多糖能显著延长小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间(P<0.05)。结论淫羊藿多糖具有明显抗疲劳、耐缺氧功效。     

大力新合剂对小鼠的耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用

目的:探讨大力新合剂对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用。方法:取小鼠随机分成4组,对照组、大力新合剂高、中、低(2.30,1.15,0.575g.kg-1)剂量组。采用常压耐缺氧法记录小鼠缺氧存活时间;采用负重游泳法记录小鼠游泳存活时间,采用比色分析法测定小鼠游泳45min后血清乳酸及肝、肌糖原的含量。结果:大力新合剂能延长小鼠缺氧状态下的存活时间,延长小鼠负重游泳的存活时间,使小鼠游泳45min后血清乳酸含量明显减少,肝、肌糖原的含量明显增加。结论:大力新合剂具有耐缺氧和抗疲劳的作用,其机制可能与降低乳酸含量,增加肝、肌糖原含量有关。     

羊胎素-珍珠胶囊对小鼠扶正固本作用的研究

目的研究羊胎素-珍珠胶囊对动物扶正固本的作用.方法采用动物耐疲劳、耐缺氧、阳虚证等模型,观察羊胎素-珍珠胶囊对小鼠常温、低温游泳存活时间和常压耐缺氧存活时间的影响.结果高、中、低剂量羊胎素-珍珠胶囊能明显延长小鼠常温、低温游泳存活时间和常压耐缺氧时间,同时能抑制阳虚证小鼠的体重下降.结论羊胎素-珍珠胶囊对小鼠具有明显的扶正固本作用.     

大株红景天胶囊常压耐缺氧和抗疲劳作用

目的探究大株红景天胶囊常压耐缺氧和抗疲劳作用。方法 BALB/c雄性小鼠按自主活动性随机分为空白对照组、复方丹参滴丸阳性对照组、红景天苷组、大株红景天胶囊低、中、高剂量组(0.35,0.7和1.4 g·kg~(-1)),每组10只。空白对照组给予生理盐水,各组连续灌胃给药7 d,每日1次。末次给药后,进行常压混合气体致缺氧实验(97%N2+3%O2)、密闭缺氧实验、负重游泳实验和转棒式疲劳仪实验,分别测定大株红景天胶囊对小鼠的耐缺氧和抗疲劳作用。结果常压混合气体缺氧实验表明,与对照组比较,大株红景天胶囊中、高剂量可显著延长小鼠存活时间(P<0.05)。密闭耐缺氧实验表明,与对照组比较,大株红景天胶囊各剂量组对小鼠密闭缺氧存活时间有延长趋势,但无统计学差异。负重游泳实验结果表明,与对照组比较,大株红景天胶囊中、高剂量组剂量依赖性显著延长小鼠游泳时间(P<0.01),且效果明显优于复方丹参滴丸(P<0.01)和红景天苷(P<0.01);转棒式疲劳仪实验结果表明,与对照组比较,大株红景天胶囊高剂量组可显著延长小鼠在棒时间(P<0.01),且效果明显优于红景天苷(P<0.01)。结论大株红景天胶囊可显著提高小鼠的耐缺氧和抗疲劳能力。     

蒙药那仁满都拉对小鼠的抗疲劳作用

目的 观察蒙药那仁满都拉对小鼠的抗疲劳作用.方法 通过小鼠负重游泳试验、肝糖原测定、耐缺氧实验以及耐热实验对那仁满都拉抗疲劳作用进行综合考察.结果 那仁满都拉能显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间、增加小鼠肝糖原的量、延长耐缺氧时间和耐热时间.结论 蒙药那仁满都拉具有显著抗疲劳作用.     

北五味子提取液对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳能力的影响

目的研究北五味子提取液（SCE）对小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳能力的影响。方法健康昆明种小鼠随机分为空白对照组和SCE低、中、高剂量组,连续灌胃7d。观察小鼠常压耐缺氧存活时间和负重游泳时间。结果SCE能显著增加小鼠常压缺氧存活时间和负重游泳时间。结论SCE能够明显提高小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳的能力。     

氨杞精口服液对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的:观察氨杞精口服液对小鼠耐缺氧能力和抗疲劳能力的影响。方法:将小鼠随机分为3组,分别为空白对照组、氨杞精口服液低剂量组、高剂量组,连续灌胃给药30 d后,测定小鼠的缺氧存活时间、负重游泳存活时间、血清尿素氮、血乳酸、肝糖原和肌糖原含量等指标的变化。结果:氨杞精口服液可以明显延长小鼠缺氧存活时间,并延长小鼠负重游泳持续时间,降低血乳酸、血清尿素氮含量,提高肝糖原含量和肌糖原含量。结论:氨杞精口服液具有提高小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳的作用。     

泰山四叶参精制多糖对小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳能力的影响

目的:观察通过D101大孔树脂精制的4年生泰山四叶参多糖对小鼠耐缺氧和抗疲劳能力的影响。方法:用水提醇沉法和大孔树脂对四叶参多糖进行提取和纯化,得到精制的四叶参多糖。昆明种小鼠,按照性别和体质量随机分4组(n=10),分别为对照组,高、中、低3个剂量组,灌胃10d后,采用耐缺氧和负重游泳的实验方法,测定小鼠不同时间的累计耗氧量,缺氧存活时间和负重游泳存活时间。结果:高剂量组可明显降低小鼠累计耗氧量,延长小鼠缺氧存活时间和负重游泳存活时间。结论:4年生泰山四叶参大孔树脂精制多糖具有明显的提高小鼠耐缺氧及抗疲劳能力的作用。     

浙贝母对甲状腺功能亢进模型鼠的保护作用研究

目的:研究浙贝母对甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)模型鼠的保护作用。方法:采用甲状腺素复制甲亢模型鼠,并观察浙贝母对甲亢模型鼠三碘甲状腺素原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲状腺素原氨酸(T4)、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)、环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)以及耐缺氧能力的影响。结果:浙贝母具有显著降低甲亢模型大鼠T3、T4、cAMP的作用,且能显著提高甲亢模型小鼠的耐缺氧能力。结论:浙贝母具有较好对抗甲亢的作用。     

Montmorillonite ameliorates hyperthyroidism of rats and mice attributed to its adsorptive effect

The present study aims to evaluate the adsorbing effect of montmorillonite on thyroid hormone in the entero-hepatic circulation. The concentration of thyroid hormone in the serum of hyperthyroidism model rats and in solution was measured by radioimmunoassay and ultraviolet spectrometry, respectively. The body weight, temperature, and consumption of food and water were observed in hyperthyroidism model rats. Furthermore, hypoxia tolerance, sodium-pentobarbital-induced sleep time, spontaneous activities were measured on hyperthyroidism model mice after being treated with montmorillonite. Results showed that montmorillonite adsorbed thyroxin (T(4)) and triiodothyronine (T(3)) in vitro. Montmorillonite at dosage of 1.0 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg decreased thyroid hormone levels on hyperthyroidism model rats; Montmorillonite (2.0 g/kg and 0.6 g/kg) prolonged the sleep time, improved the hypoxia tolerant capacity and reduced the spontaneous activities of the hyperthyroidism model mice. These results suggest montmorillonite has anti-hyperthyroidism effect attributed to its adsorptive effect.     

红人归胶囊对小鼠更年期综合征模型的影响

目的研究红人归胶囊(Hongrengui,HRG)药理作用。方法采用雌性老龄小鼠(menopausalmice,MP小鼠)作为更年期动物模型,考察HRG对MP小鼠戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠、自主活动、学习记忆、握力及脏器系数的影响,同时进行正常小鼠游泳实验及常压耐缺氧实验。结果HRG具有镇静催眠、改善MP小鼠学习记忆功能、增强抗疲劳能力、提高耐缺氧能力以及机体免疫功能的作用,可抑制更年期肥胖。结论HRG有滋补强壮作用,可改善更年期综合征的某些症状。     

白芍总甙耐缺氧作用的实验研究

安徽毫县产白芍提取的白芍总甙(TGPs5～40mg/kg)呈剂量依赖性延长小白鼠常压缺氧存活时间。TGPs(20mg/kg)可延长小白鼠减压缺氧存活时间,降低小鼠整体氧耗量,并有降温作用,TGPs(40mg/kg)可降低小白鼠氰化钾中毒性缺氧的死亡率。氯苯吡胺(5mg/kg)可明显拮抗TGPs耐缺氧作用。TGPs(2.5～5mg/kg)小鼠icv可明显延长小鼠常压缺氧存活时间,此作用可被氯苯吡胺拮抗。     

自制复方中药提取物对动物心肌梗死及耐缺氧的作用研究

目的 研究自制复方中药提取物对心肌梗死及耐缺氧的作用.方法 以小鼠、家兔为试验对象,给以银杏叶、人参、川芎、五味子提取物自制的复方中药,检测其对小鼠常压耐氧时间的影响,以及对家兔冠状动脉结扎致心肌梗死的影响.结果 常压耐缺氧条件下,以银杏叶、人参、川芎、五味子提取物制成的中成药能明显延长小鼠耐缺氧时间,并对家兔冠状动脉结扎所致心肌缺血有明显保护作用,使心肌梗死程度减轻,抑制急性心肌缺血所致ST段抬高.结论 该复方中药提取物能明显改善动物的心肌梗死及机体耐氧能力.     

The usefulness of a model of acute hypoxia for the testing of cerebroprotective drugs

The aim of this study was to find out whether the mouse in acute normobaric hypoxia (3.5% O2) may be appropriate as a screening model for testing cerebroprotective drugs. The survival time of the mice in hypoxia was used to determine drug effects. 39 agents with various pharmacological and toxicological properties were investigated. Cerebroprotective, centrally depressant and stimulating as well as cardiovascular drugs were included. Only 6 out of 16 cerebroprotective drugs used therapeutically prolonged the survival time of mice in acute hypoxia. However, a positive effect was demonstrable especially for those cerebroprotective drugs (extractum Ginkgo bilobae, meclofenoxate, naftidrofuryl, pentoxifylline and pyritinol), which are generally accepted to be active. On the other hand, 12 out of 23 drugs which are therapeutically used as cardiovascular drugs, central stimulants or depressants or have known toxicological effects also prolonged the survival time of mice in hypoxia. Thus, it became clear that the result of this hypoxia test may be influenced by various pharmacological actions. Especially drugs stimulating the cardiovascular system or depressing CNS activity could prolong the survival time of mice in hypoxia, whereas drugs with vasodilating effects could even shorten it. Opposite effects could superpose or neutralize each other. Therefore, the mouse in acute hypoxia seems to be of limited value as a screening model for testing cerebroprotective drugs.     

虫草地黄口服液扶正固本作用研究

目的:研究虫草地黄口服液的扶正固本作用,对其有效性作出科学评价。方法:观察虫草地黄口服液对免疫器官重量、单核吞噬细胞吞噬功能、溶血素抗体生成的影响,以及对动物游泳时间、常压耐缺氧能力等方面的影响。结果:虫草地黄口服液可使免疫器官重量增加,单核吞噬细胞吞噬功能增强,抗体生成增多,并能延长动物游泳时间,增强其常压耐缺氧能力等,与空白对照组比较有显著性差异。结论:虫草地黄口服液具有显著的增强免疫功能、提高应激能力等药理作用。     

General pharmacology of BMY-28100

General pharmacological properties of BMY-28100, a new semisynthetic oral cephalosporin, were studied in experimental animals. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. BMY-28100 had no effect on gross behavior and the central nervous system in mice and rats nor on EEG activities in rabbits. 2. BMY-28100 did not affect the smooth muscle isolated from rats, guinea pigs or rabbits nor did it influence ganglionic transmission in cats. 3. Effects of BMY-28100 on the atrium and heart isolated from guinea pigs were not obvious. Several parameters of the cardiovascular system were examined and found unchanged by administration of BMY-28100 to rabbits. 4. In the digestive system, BMY-28100 had no effect on charcoal meal transport in the small intestine of mice. In rats, however, gastric secretion was reduced at a dose level of 125 mg/kg or higher and bile secretion was enhanced at a dose level of 500 mg/kg. 5. BMY-28100 had no effect on neuromuscular transmission in rabbits and showed no local anesthetic activity in guinea pigs. 6. BMY-28100 decreased urine volume and urinary excretion of electrolytes in dose-dependent manners in rats. Sulfobromophthalein excretion in rats was inhibited only at the highest dose tested. BMY-28100 had no effect on blood coagulation and red blood cell resistance in rats or rabbits. BMY-28100 revealed no antiinflammatory activity in rats. 7. BMY-28167, a trans-isomer of BMY-28100, had no or weak effects on some of above test systems when compared with BMY-28100. These results suggest that BMY-28100 has hardly any pharmacological properties leading to severe adverse reactions in clinical use.     

General pharmacological profiles of the new beta-adrenoceptor antagonist carvedilol

General pharmacological properties of carvedilol (BM 14.190) were investigated in comparison with propranolol. 1. Central nervous system: Carvedilol caused reduction of awareness, motor activity and muscle tone, and staggering gait in Irwin's test (mice). It decreased spontaneous motor activity and potentiated hexobarbital anesthesia (mice). It lacked anticonvulsant activity (mice) and did not have any effect on body temperature (rabbits). Various changes were produced in mono- and polysynaptic spinal reflex (cats). In EEG, a slight arousal pattern was observed (cats). These effects of carvedilol were weaker than those observed after propranolol administration in general. Carvedilol, however, caused potentiation of hexobarbital anesthesia at lower doses than propranolol. Carvedilol inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing syndrome, whereas it failed to show analgesic activity in the tail-pinch test (mice). Propranolol inhibited both pain reactions. 2. Respiratory and cardiovascular system (dogs): Carvedilol increased respiratory rate and decreased expiratory velocity. It produced hypotension and bradycardia. Cardiac contractility was reduced and femoral blood flow was transiently increased after carvedilol administration. Propranolol induced weaker hypotension and greater bradycardia in comparison with carvedilol. It decreased femoral blood flow. 3. Autonomic nervous system: Carvedilol had little or no effects on pupil size, whereas propranolol produced mydriasis (rabbits). Carvedilol inhibited pressor response to norepinephrine (rats), and it also reduced the nictitating membrane contraction induced by pre- and postganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation (cats). Propranolol did not show any inhibitory effect on pressor response to norepinephrine and on the contractile response induced by preganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation. 4. Smooth muscle: Carvedilol produced inhibitory effects on spontaneous motility, and contractile responses to acetylcholine, histamine, nicotine, serotonin and BaCl2 in isolated ileum (guinea pigs). It also inhibited contractile responses to acetylcholine and histamine in isolated trachea (guinea pigs), and spontaneous motility in isolated uterus (rats). Carvedilol reduced norepinephrine-induced contraction of isolated vas deferens at lower concentration (guinea pigs). 5. Digestive system: Decrease in intestinal motility was observed after intravenous administration of carvedilol and propranolol (rabbits). However, carvedilol failed to influence on gastric motility and tonus, whereas propranolol increased them (rabbits). Carvedilol, like propranolol, induced little or no effects on gastro-intestinal transit (mice) and gastric emptying rate (rats). Both drugs decreased gastric secretion at similar dose (rats). Carvedilol at higher doses produced lesion of gastric mucosa, whereas propranolol did not show these effects (rats). 6. Skeletal muscle: In in vitro experiment, carvedilol, like propranolol, reduced the contractile response of diaphragm to nerve and muscle stimulation (rats)...