宫颈病变液基薄层细胞学手工制片760例疗效分析

目的：评价宫颈液手片法检查宫颈上皮内病变筛查中的准确性和价值。方法：对传统巴氏涂片法和液基薄层细胞学技术手工制片TBS标准诊断，并以组织学活检对照。结果：液基薄层细胞学技术手工制片检出变异形细胞与病检结果相对符合率为：89．13％。传统巴氏涂片法检出异形细胞与病检结果相对符合率为78．79％；与病检对比，两者诊断HSIL的准确度液手片法为88．33％（15／18），巴涂法为66．67％（10／15）。X^2统计分析两者检出率差异有统计学意义P〈0．01。结论：液基薄层细胞学技术手工制片检查宫颈病变敏感性高于传统巴氏涂片法，准确性较传统巴氏涂片法准确性高，有应用价值。     

液基细胞学在宫颈早期病变筛查中的优越性

目的评价液基细胞学（thinprep cytology test,TCT）薄片制片对宫颈病变筛查的准确性。方法采用TCT制片及传统宫颈细胞涂片法分别对2186例、2219例受检者进行宫颈癌筛查。结果TCT薄片法和传统巴氏涂片法对低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）以上病变的检出率分别为4．35％、1．67％,两者结果差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论ThinPrep液基细胞学检查敏感性明显高于传统宫颈细胞涂片法,能大大提高检出率,尤其是对LSIL和HSIL的患者。     

TCT和涂片巴氏染色检查的临床病理结果分析

目的：探讨液基薄层细胞学检测（TCT）在宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查中的优越性。方法2013年1月—9月我院2115例体检及妇科检查者行TCT和3550例常规涂片巴氏染色检查诊断,部分行宫颈活检证实,比较TCT和涂片巴氏染色法检查的阳性检出率。结果 TCT在癌前病变：上皮内低度病变（LSIL）、上皮内高度病变（HSIL）及癌的检出率比涂片巴氏染色法明显提高。结论宫颈液基薄层细胞学检测（TCT）准确率高,并大大提高了宫颈细胞学检查的阳性检出率,是筛查和诊断宫颈癌及癌前病变的可行手段。     

液基细胞学和巴氏涂片检查对宫颈病变筛查价值对比

目的探讨液基细胞学（TCT）对宫颈病变筛查的临床价值。方法随机选择2009年1月-2010年12月宁波市第九医院行健康体检并愿接受早期子宫颈病变筛查妇女共760例,分别进行TCT检查及巴氏细胞学检查且阴道镜活检后送病理检查进行比较。结果TCT检查样品满意率97．37％,高于巴氏涂片的80．26％（P〈0．05）;TCT宫颈病变检出率10．53％高于巴氏涂片法的3．29％;TCT检查与阴道镜活检组织学诊断符合率88．75％高于巴氏涂片的64．00％（P〈0．05）。结论TCT能够及时地发现宫颈癌前期病变,提高宫颈癌前期病变及宫颈癌的检出率。     

液基薄层细胞学制片质量控制对宫颈癌筛查的影响

目的探讨液基薄层细胞学（TCT）制片质量控制方法以及对筛查宫颈癌的影响,提高宫颈病变检出率。方法分析我院9000例妇科液基细胞学,对制片技术的取材、涂片、染色等过程进行质量控制,对有宫颈上皮细胞异常者,并行病理组织学检查。结果TCT优片率98.6%（8873／9000）,11例不满意标本。与病理组织学对照：慢性炎伴挖空细胞或宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Ⅰ级97例（1．9％）;CINⅡ级87例（1．7％）．CINⅢ级19例（0.37％;鳞状上皮癌7例0.14％）。结论TCT制片质量控制有利于提高对宫颈病变的诊断,TCT在宫颈病变的筛查无损伤,易操作,敏感性高,可作筛查宫颈癌的检查。     

液基薄层细胞学筛查宫颈癌及癌前病变探讨

目的：探讨液基薄层细胞学检查在宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查中的应用价值。方法选取200例疑似宫颈病变患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行液基薄层细胞学检查和巴氏涂片检查,对两种检测方法的结果进行对比分析。结果液基薄层细胞学检查检查的总阳性率显著高于巴氏涂片法,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。液基薄层细胞学检查结果与活检结果有一定差异,但液基薄层细胞学的阳性检出例数与活检相同,未发生漏诊。结论应用液基薄层细胞学检查进行宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查,具有较高的确诊率,可为宫颈癌的早期诊断、预防提供可靠依据,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

15653例宫颈液基薄层细胞学检查回顾性分析

目的应用薄层液基细胞学技术（Thinprep cytology test,TCT）及TBS（The Bethesda system for reporting cervical cytology,TBS）诊断系统,探讨TCT液基薄层涂片和传统巴氏涂片两种方法在宫颈癌筛查中的敏感性和价值差异,评价TCT在宫颈癌的预防、诊断和治疗方面的意义。方法回顾分析2007年3月至2009年12月经TCT筛查的15653例涂片和同期29817例传统巴氏涂片,同时以组织活检的诊断结果作为金标准对照。结果 TCT筛查的15653例中上皮细胞异常339例,阳性检出率2.17%,而同期传统巴氏涂片29817例中共检出上皮细胞异常97例,阳性检出率0.33%。结论液基细胞薄层细胞学技术的敏感性和特异性明显高于传统巴氏涂片检测法,对宫颈癌前病变及早期宫颈癌筛查有重要的价值。     

宫颈液基细胞学检查联合巴氏涂片法在宫颈癌癌前病变筛查中的应用价值

目的探讨宫颈液基细胞学(TCT)检查联合巴氏涂片法在宫颈癌癌前病变筛查中的应用效果。方法选取2015年10月至2017年8月于长葛市中医院进行宫颈癌癌前病变筛查的600例女性作为研究对象,均分别接受巴氏涂片法、宫颈液基细胞学检查(TCT)筛查,并与组织病理学结果对照,比较两种方法单独筛查、联合筛查结果。结果经阴道镜病理活检显示,阳性25例,阴性575例,其中鳞癌3例,CINⅢ级8例,CINⅡ14例,CINⅠ级33例,宫颈湿疣样病变52例,慢性宫颈炎145例,正常345例;巴氏涂片法筛查符合率为91.16%,TCT筛查符合率为90.17%,联合筛查符合率为96.67%,联合筛查符合率高于巴氏涂片法、TCT单独筛查符合率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合筛查Kappa指数高于巴氏涂片法、TCT单独筛查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 TCT检查巴氏涂片法应用于宫颈癌癌前病变筛查能提高临床筛查准确率,减少临床误诊漏诊的发生,有助于临床筛查诊断及治疗。     

醋酸肉眼检查在宫颈癌筛查中的作用

目的：分析醋酸肉眼检查对宫颈高度病变诊断的灵敏度,探讨其在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值。方法：对全部受检对象3076人进行宫颈巴氏细胞涂片后行5％醋酸肉眼观察,并对醋酸阳性且诊断为高度病变者即行宫颈活检病理组织学检查。对巴氏涂片为不典型鳞细胞以上者电话通知回访行宫颈活检病理检查,醋酸肉眼检查与巴氏涂片相结合筛查宫颈癌。以病理组织学检查为金标准,在同一人群中比较醋酸肉眼检查和巴氏细胞涂片细胞学检查对宫颈癌及癌前病变的阳性检出率。结果：醋酸肉眼检查和巴氏涂片细胞学检查对宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的阳性检出率分别为70．2％、72．7％,差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。醋酸肉眼检查和巴氏涂片细胞学检查对宫颈高度病变性检出率分别为51．4％、36．4％。结论：醋酸肉眼检查用于宫颈癌筛查的价值与巴氏细胞学检查相当,且对高度病变的检出率高于巴氏细胞涂片,特别适合农村大面积人群的筛查。     

两种细胞学检查＋HPV检测筛查宫颈癌及癌前病变的比较

目的探讨液基薄层细胞学检查＋HPV检测及巴氏涂片细胞学检查＋HPV检测对早期宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查的价值。方法将816例体检者随机分为2组：液基薄层细胞学检查组400例,行液基薄层细胞学检查＋HPV检测;巴氏涂片细胞学检查组416例,行巴氏涂片细胞学检查＋HPV检测。2种方法均以病理组织检查为金标准,比较2种方法对宫颈异常细胞的检出率。结果液基薄层细胞学检查组进行早期宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查的敏感性为92.86%,特异性为79.21%,假阴性率为0.26%;巴氏涂片细胞学检查组敏感性为56.25%,特异性为98.25%,假阴性率为1.75%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。阳性检出率2组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论液基薄层涂片细胞学检查＋HPV检测在宫颈癌早期诊断中优于巴氏涂片细胞学检查＋HPV检测,筛查的敏感性高,假阴性率低,是一种先进的宫颈癌筛查方法。对经济条件差的患者行巴氏涂片细胞学检查＋HPV检测也能明显提高早期宫颈癌的诊断率。     

高危型人类乳头瘤病毒检测对意义不明确的非典型鳞状上皮细胞分层管理的临床价值

目的 评价高危型人类乳头瘤检测对意义不明确的非典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)分层管理的临床价值.方法 对518例宫颈细胞学检查结果为ASCUS的患者进行高危型HPV检测和阴道镜检查,镜下定位活检可疑病灶,以病理学诊断作为金标准.结果 518例ASCUS患者中,高危型HPV阳性者为328例,其阳性率为63.32%.经病理...     

TCT和HPV-DNA检测及阴道镜联合应用在妇女宫颈癌普查中的作用

目的评价液基细胞学检测、HPV检测、阴道镜联合应用在宫颈癌普查中的作用。方法在我院进行妇女病普查的女工为研究对象,比较液基细胞学检测、HPV检测、宫颈刮片3种方法的检出敏感性及阳性符合率。结果它们检出敏感性分别为17.67%、14.31%、6.03%,检出宫颈高度病变的阳性符合率分别为30.3%、19.8%、11.62%。结论 TCT、HPV-DNA检测联合阴道镜检查是进行宫颈病变筛查行之有效的方法。     

p16^INK4A 在ASCUS中的表达及其与HPV感染的关系

目的：探讨对筛p16^INK4A查ASCUS中潜在宫颈病变的价值及其与HPV感染的关系。方法：对148例宫颈细胞学检查结果为ASCUS的病人进行p16^INK4A免疫细胞化学检测,同时采用荧光定量PCR方法,检测剩余标本中HPV16,18型DNA的表达,其结果与p16^INK4A表达结果比较,分析其相关性。结果：148例ASCUS中,p16^INK4A在经病理学确诊的慢性宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和浸润癌的阳性表达率分别为0.9%、77.3%、91.7%、100%、100%;HPV16,18型的阳性表达率分别为0.9%、68.18%、83.33%、100%、100%;p16^INK4A以及HPV16,18型的表达在宫颈炎与CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ级之间,宫颈炎与宫颈鳞癌之间,阳性率均有显著性差异,而二者之间的表达具有较高的一致性。结论：p16^INK4A在宫颈CIN及以上病变中高表达,且与HPV-DNA的表达具有较高的一致性,可对ASCUS进行有效地分流监测。     

Gynecological care of elderly women. Another look at Papanicolaou smear testing

Mortality from cervical cancer is decreasing in countries where aggressive Papanicolaou smear screening programs are in place. However, elderly women are likely to be lifelong nonusers or underusers of Papanicolaou screening, and mortality has not declined for older women. Many studies have noted that nonparticipants in Papanicolaou screening have a 2.7 to four times greater incidence of cervical cancer when they are screened compared with women who have been screened at least once. Gynecological screening was offered to 1542 elderly women in a primary care setting; 75% of the women had not had regular prior screening and 25% had never been screened. Half of these women chose to participate in our screening program. An overall prevalence rate of 13.5 per 1000 abnormal Papanicolaou smears (95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 21.4) was noted in the group. Age, race, prior screening history, and abnormal gynecological symptoms failed to predict the women who would have abnormal Papanicolaou smears. Our results suggest that cervical cancer screening should continue beyond 65 years of age if women have not received regular prior screening.     

宫颈细胞刷取材：传统涂片与液基涂片的比较分析

目的改进传统宫颈细胞学的取材方式,用宫颈细胞刷取材,比较传统涂片与液基涂片在宫颈癌筛查中阳性细胞检出率的差异。方法用上述两种方法进行宫颈癌筛查,TBS系统诊断报告。细胞阳性的病人行阴道镜下病理活检。SPSS软件包分析结果。结果两种不同的制片方法细胞学阳性率未明确诊断意义的非典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASC-US及以上)为:传统涂片6.26%(63/1007),液基涂片6.98%(75/1075),两种制片方法对宫颈癌筛查中阳性细胞的检出率差异无显著性。细胞学阳性者与病理活检诊断结果符合率均较高(P<0.05)。结论液基细胞学的问世,只是制片技术的重大革新,但不能完全替代人工的经验判读且成本低的传统涂片方法。     

海南地区妇女TCT及HPV亚型感染的研究

目的 了解海南地区妇女人乳头状瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染及基因亚型的分布情况,并评价液基薄层细胞检测(TCT)联合HPV基因分型检测在宫颈癌前痛变筛查中的作用.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月～2010年12月从海南省不同区域的四家医院送检,同时采用TCT和HPV检测的门诊妇女宫颈脱落细胞标本1373例,对TCT≥ASC-US患者进行阴道镜下宫颈活检.结果 1373例标本中HPV检测阳性率为59.2％(813/1373),共检出21种亚型,低危型占17.1％、高危型占82.9％,单一亚型检出年为67.8％,双重或多重亚型感染率32.2％;低危型以HPV 6、11为最多见,高危型感染的型别依次为52(25.2％)、16(19.4％)、58(19.3％);液基细胞学诊断≥ASC-US为50.5％ (694／1373).在ASCUS、LSIL、HSIL、SCC中HPV的检出率分别为65.9％、77.8％、83.9％、100％.结论 海南地区育龄妇女HPV感染主要亚型为52、16及58型,HPV分型检测因其准确性高并能明确基因类型及多重感染的检测,联合液基细胞学更能有效地筛查宫颈病变细胞,为临床防治宫颈癌及海南地区HPV疫苗使用提供更可靠的科学依据.     

巴氏涂片检查与液基细胞学筛查宫颈癌的对比研究

目的：探讨巴氏涂片与液基细胞学筛查宫颈癌的效果.方法：选2011年11月至2012年12月本院体检已婚女性2 377例,随机将巴氏涂片检查1 188例为对照组,液基细胞学筛查1 189例为研究组,分析两组检查阳性率、符合率等.结果：研究组阳性率（6.73％）高于对照组（1.18％）,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;研究组阳性患者与病理组织学的检查符合率：癌症100％,CINⅢ100％,CINⅡ90.63％,CINⅠ84.21％.结论：液基细胞学筛选的宫颈癌前病变检出率比传统巴氏涂片高且准确性强.     

Management and follow-up of abnormal Papanicolaou tests

Although less prevalent than breast cancer, cervical cancer has a lower 5-year survival rate. Cervical cancer is nearly always due to human papillomavirus (HPV). Increased screening and DNA typing for oncogenic HPV have begun to reduce the number of cases. Interpretation of Papanicolaou test results and disease management decisions require a comprehensive grasp of recent revisions in classification and management practice. This article reviews the recommendations of the multidisciplinary Bethesda 2001 Workshop and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. Practice changes include: new criteria for using liquid-based collection, a streamlined borderline category of atypical squamous cells (ASC), and a new category of ASC-cannot exclude high-grade lesion (ASC-H). Management includes colposcopy for all categories suspicious for epithelial abnormality and clearer guidelines for diagnostic colposcopy and endocervical sampling for glandular cell abnormalities (AGC, AGC-favor neoplasia). Adolescents and postmenopausal women have some variations from the recommended protocol. Reflex HPV DNA typing reflects the advances in research regarding risks for progression to cervical cancer. Treatment options include surgical removal of the lesions via laser, cryosurgery, loop excision, or cold-knife conization. Medical options include local treatments of cervical condyloma with tricloroacetic acid or 5-fluorouracil. Visible and sometimes functional cervical changes may result. Clinicians now have clearer guidelines with which to manage abnormal Papanicolaou test results, using the latest technology and research. Discussing abnormal results with patients requires great sensitivity.     

Identifying women with cervical neoplasia: using human papillomavirus DNA testing for equivocal Papanicolaou results

CONTEXT: A Papanicolaou (Pap) test result of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) presents a clinical challenge. Only 5% to 10% of women with ASCUS harbor serious cervical disease, but more than one third of the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in screening populations are identified from ASCUS Pap test results. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing of residual material from liquid-based Pap tests and referral of cases found to be HPV-positive directly to colposcopy could provide sensitive detection of underlying HSILs in women with ASCUS Pap results, compared with repeat Pap testing. DESIGN AND SETTING: Natural history of women with ASCUS Pap smear results, all of whom had liquid-based cytology, HPV testing, and subsequent repeat Pap tests and colposcopy with histologic evaluation, conducted at 12 gynecology clinics in a large managed care organization between October 1995 and June 1996. PARTICIPANTS: From a cohort of 46009 women who had routine cervical examinations, 995 women with Pap test results of ASCUS who consented to participate were identified. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cervical histology, HPV test results, and repeat Pap smear results, and sensitivity of HPV testing to identify patients found to have HSIL+ histology. RESULTS: Of 995 participants with ASCUS Pap test results, 973 had both a definitive histologic diagnosis and HPV result. Sixty-five (6.7%) had histologic HSIL or cancer. For women with histologic HSIL+, the HPV test was positive in 89.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78.4%-95.2%), and the specificity was 64.1 % (95% CI, 60.9%-67.2%). The repeat Pap smear result was abnormal in 76.2% (95% CI, 63.5%-85.7%). Triage based on HPV testing only or on repeat Pap testing only would refer similar proportions (approximately 39%) to colposcopy. The sensitivity of HPV DNA testing for HSIL was equivalent to, if not greater than, that of the repeat Pap test. We further estimated that an HPV-based algorithm including the immediate colposcopy of HPV-positive women, and then repeat Pap testing of all others, would provide an overall sensitivity of 96.9% (95% CI, 88.3%-99.5%). CONCLUSIONS: For women with ASCUS Pap tests, HPV DNA testing of residual specimens collected for routine cervical cytology can help identify those who have underlying HSIL. By testing the specimen collected at initial screening, the majority of high-risk cases can be identified and referred for colposcopy based on a single screening.     

HPV-DNA分型检测联合液基细胞学对宫颈癌筛查的意义及临床价值的研究

目的研究HPV-DNA分型检测联合宫颈液基细胞学检查（TCT）对宫颈癌筛查的意义及临床价值。方法将于我院就诊的564例妇女同时行TCT、PCR荧光检测HPV-DNA和宫颈活检组织学检查,采用膜杂交法检测23个HPV基因型别（低危型：HPV6、11、42、43、45和高危型：HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、MM4）和液基细胞学（TCT）作为宫颈癌和癌前病变的筛查。比较TCT对宫颈细胞异常的检出率以及TCT检测联合PCR荧光检测HPV-DNA对HPV感染的检出率,以病理学诊断为标准。结果 PCR荧光法检测HPV-DNA总检出率为21.0%,组织学阳性病例检出率70.9%,组织学阴性病例检出率4.5%,均显著高于TCT,呈极其显著性差异,P〈0.01。其中单一型HPV感染中,低危型占34%、高危型占60%、二型和二型以上混合感染占6%。结论 HPV基因分型检测是有价值的辅助诊断技术,与细胞学联合,是最佳的宫颈癌筛查的方案,能明显提高诊断的准确性和早发现癌前病变。