胃肠反流与残胃癌发生的研究进展

残胃癌发病率呈上升趋势,其发生机制目前仍不十分明确,一般认为残胃癌的发生与多种因素有关,其中胃术后胃肠反流被认为是最重要因素。本文就胃肠反流与残胃癌发生的相关性及作用机制加以综述。     

残胃癌10例分析

目的　探讨残胃癌的早期诊断方法和手术方式。方法　对本院 1990～ 2 0 0 0年收治的10例残胃癌进行回顾性分析。结果　胃镜对早期残胃癌确诊率达 90 % ,X线钡餐造影检出率低 ;根治性手术切除率为 70 % ,Ⅰ期 5年生存率为 10 0 % ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期 3年生存率分别为 75 %、33.3%和 0。结论　胃手术后 5年开始胃镜定期检查是残胃癌早期诊断的首选方法 ,根治性全胃联合脏器切除加至少D2 淋巴结清扫为宜。     

残胃癌18例诊治分析

我院１９８２年１月～１９９５年１月间共收治经手术和病理证实的残胃癌１８例，占同期收治胃癌总数的２．０６％。现报告如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料男１４例，女４例，年龄最小的４３岁，最大的７８岁，平均年龄５８．３岁。前次胃部分切除病因：慢性十二指肠球部溃...     

复发胃癌及残胃癌的外科治疗

复发胃癌及残胃癌的外科治疗中国医科大学第一临床学院肿瘤科（１１０００１）刘强综述王舒宝审校胃癌根治手术后仍有４０％以上的病人复发。与大肠癌相比胃癌的恶性度高，复发后的切除率低，预后也较差，故即往对复发胃癌多采取消极的态度。近年来，随着对复发胃癌生物学...     

残胃癌9例分析

我院从１９８６～１９９７年间收治残胃癌９例，他们均为既往曾因胃十二指肠良性溃疡而行胃大部切除术的病人。报告如下。１临床资料一般资料见表１。残胃癌癌肿情况见表２。残胃癌的治疗及疗效见表３。表１一般资料例序性别年龄（岁）原发病既往术式初次发病年龄（岁）间...     

残胃癌32例诊治分析

目的提高残胃癌诊治水平。方法对32例经手术治疗的残胃癌临床资料进行回顾分析。结果确诊残胃癌距首次手术时间平均为26.5年,首次手术BillrothⅡ式25例,占78.1%。残胃癌发生在吻合口占46.9%,残胃小旁侧43.8%,胃底贲门部9.3%,根治切除术后1、3、5年生存率分别为80.2%、42.4%、31.9%。结论胃良性疾病行手术治疗时,应以BillrothⅠ式为首选;定期胃镜检查残胃癌高危人群,早期诊断,早期治疗是提高残胃癌预后的关键。     

残胃癌18例诊治分析

我院自1982年1月至1995年1月收治经手术和病理证实的残胃癌18例,占同期收治胃癌的2.06％,其中男14例,女4例,年龄自43岁～78岁,平均58.3岁。发生残胃癌的时间自胃切除术后10年—25年,平均15.6年。再次手术切除12例,切除率为66.6％,其中根治切除5例,占27.7％,6例因病变广泛固定,仅行探查活检和腹腔置管化疗。严格胃切除指征,降低残胃基数和尽量采用毕氏Ⅰ式或Roux—y型及间置空肠吻合是目前减少残胃癌发生的有效途径,自胃切术后10年起定期进行胃镜检查,是发现早期残胃癌的可靠方法,早期手术是目前改善残胃癌预后的唯一途径。     

残胃癌临床诊治分析

目的分析和总结残胃癌的外科诊断、治疗及预后情况。方法对1990年以来收治的35例残胃癌的发病率、临床表现、治疗情况和预后进行回顾性分析。结果首次胃切除以胃溃疡为主,占65.7%,首次手术BillrothⅡ式占82.9%(29/35)。残胃癌早期缺乏特异的症状,主要为上腹部隐痛不适,首次手术距临床诊断残胃癌的间隔时间平均为16.3年。本组残胃癌手术切除率及根治性切除率分别为77.1%和54.3%,根治性切除患者1、3、5年生存率分为78.9%、52.6%、36.8%,Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期患者的5年生存率为72.7%。结论胃良性病行手术治疗时以BillrothⅠ式为首选,定期胃镜检查是早期诊断残胃癌的关键,根治性切除是治疗残胃癌的有效方法及影响残胃癌预后的重要因素。     

残胃癌的外科治疗及预后

目的总结和分析残胃癌的临床特点、治疗策略和预后。方法回顾性分析1999年2月至2010年2月福建南安市医院收治的32例残胃癌临床资料,分析其临床特点,比较不同治疗方案对患者预后的影响。结果残胃癌多发生于胃大部切除Billroth-Ⅱ式胃肠吻合术后,占71．88％（23／32）;残胃癌多发生在吻合口和吻合口附近,占56．25％（18／32）。手术组与非手术组的1年、3年生存率分别为66．67％、42．85％和9．09％、0;R0治疗组与非R0治疗组的1年、3年生存率分别为87．50％、56．25％和6．25％、0。结论残胃癌好发于Billroth-Ⅱ式术后的吻合口和吻合口附近;手术切除是治疗残胃癌的根本方法,R0切除（包括联合多脏器的扩大根治术）是提高残胃癌生存率的关键,姑息性手术不能延长患者的生存时间,应尽量避免。     

Treatment and prognosis of gastric stump carcinoma in comparison with primary proximal gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: The intention of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with gastric stump cancer (GSC) in comparison with patients treated for primary proximal gastric cancer (PPGC). METHODS: Nineteen patients with GSC undergoing surgery between January 1989 and August 2005 were compared with 194 PPGC patients treated during the same time period. Various factors such as epidemiologic data, type of treatment, and histopathologic data were evaluated in the analysis. RESULTS: The overall 5-year disease-specific survival was 42% for resected GSC patients in comparison with 37% for resected PPGC patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate detected between these 2 groups. On multivariate analysis the infiltration of the gastrojejunal anastomosis by the carcinoma was shown to be a significant predictor for the outcome of patients with GSC. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, no significant difference in the outcome between GSC and PPGC has been detected.     

��θ��28���ٴ�����

目的 分析和总结残胃癌的外科诊断和治疗情况。方法 回顾分析了28例残胃癌发病率、临床表现及治疗情况。结果 首次胃切除以胃溃疡为主，占64.3%。首次手术B-Ⅱ式22例，占84.6%。确诊残胃癌距首次手术时间平均为28.3年。残胃癌发生在吻合口占50%，残胃小弯侧42.9%，贲门部7.1%。结论 胃良性病行手术治疗时以B-I式为首选；定期胃镜检查残胃癌高危人群，早期诊断、早期治疗是提高残胃癌预后的关键。     

残胃癌的临床病理特征及治疗

目的　探讨残胃癌的临床病理特征 ,以提高早期诊断率及根治性切除率。方法　回顾性分析我院近 5年来收治的 14例残胃癌。结果　残胃癌多见于男性 (13∶1) ;初次手术行BillrothⅡ式胃大部切除术 12例 ;初次手术距残胃癌的诊断时间平均为 15 .5年 ;临床表现主要有上腹饱胀、腹痛、吞咽困难、上消化道出血等。残胃病变有 7例在吻合口。11例施行手术 ,其中 2例行根治性残胃全切除术 ,7例行捷径手术及造瘘手术。病理检查有 8例为印戒细胞癌或低分化腺癌。结论　残胃癌多发生于初次胃部分切除术后 10年以上 ,多发生于BillrothⅡ式胃大部切除术后 ,病变主要位于吻合口附近 ,男性多于女性。当胃切除术后 10年以上 ,出现胃痛症状 ,上腹不适、饱胀、消瘦 ,或不明原因的贫血、上消化道出血 ,以及出现不明原因的呕吐等 ,应考虑到残胃癌的可能。争取早期诊断 ,早期施行根治性手术。     

Malignant lymphoma of the gastric stump developing 25 years after a distal gastrectomy for benign gastric disease: Report of a case

We report herein the case of a 57-year-old man in whom malignant lymphoma originating in the gastric remnant was confirmed 25 years after a subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction had been performed for gastric ptosis. Gastroscopy revealed an ulcerated tumor on the fornix, and histologic examination of the endoscopic biopsy specimens demonstrated malignant lymphoma. Thus, total gastrectomy with splenectomy, pancreatectomy, and resection of the previously anastomosed jejunal stoma were performed. Histologic examination of the stomach remnant comfirmed a diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma of the large-cell type. Although we were unable to study the surgical specimen from the initial operation, the possible relationship between pseudolymphoma and malignant lymphoma has been presented in the literature, which is reviewed following this case report.     

胃癌切除术切端癌残留临床分析

目的探讨胃癌切除术切端癌残留的原因及预防手段,减少癌残留的发生。方法回顾性分析我院１９８８年１月至１９９３年４月胃癌切除术切端癌残留３２例。结果胃癌切除术切端癌残留率７．４７％。上切端癌残留１１例,下切端癌残留１７例,上下端均有癌残留４例。根治性胃癌切除术癌残留率５．５％,姑息性胃癌切除术癌残留率１２．６１％,二者经统计学检验有显著差异。远、近端胃切除术切端癌残留率分别为５．８６％及１３．０％,统计学检验二者有显著性差异。癌残留与癌肿的大体类型、大小、分化程度及浸润深度有关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论浅表广泛型早癌,弥漫浸润型进展癌,癌肿直径＞５ｃｍ,分化程度低或不良,癌肿侵破浆膜者,易发生癌残留。术中切端冰冻活检,有助于减少胃癌切除术切端癌残留的发生率。     

Detection of telomerase activity in gastric lavage fluid: a novel method to detect gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that is essential for cell immortality. Recent studies have demonstrated that a high percentage of gastric cancer tissue expressed telomerase. This study describes the presence of telomerase activity in gastric lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: Gastric lavage fluid was collected during esophageogastroduodenoscopy in 70 patients: 25 with gastric cancer, 25 with peptic ulcer disease, and 20 with normal stomach. The fluid and biopsy samples were analyzed for telomerase activity by a polymerase chain reaction-based telomerase repeat amplification protocol. The findings were related to the histological results. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was present in 24 of the 25 (96%) gastric cancer tissue and in 7 of the 25 tissue specimens from peptic ulcer or gastritis. In the gastric lavage fluid, telomerase was detected in 20 patients (80%) with gastric cancer, 7 patients (28%) with peptic ulcer, and none in normal subjects (P < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of gastric fluid telomerase expression in gastric cancer patients was 80%, 84%, 74%, and 88%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of telomerase activity is present in gastric lavage fluid of patients with gastric cancer as compared to those without, may represent a novel method for diagnosis of gastric cancer.     

Evidence to support a unified pathogenesis of gastric stump cancer

Summary Background Many studies indicate that remote partial gastrectomy for benign disease should be considered a premalignant condition. The reported overall risk of gastric stump cancer is approximately a 2-fold increase, but patients more than 20 to 25 years postoperatively may have a 4- to 5-fold increased risk, compared to the age- and sex-matched general population. Methods In a review the risks, the pathogenesis and the value of endoscopy to avoid gastric stump cancer are described. Results The duration of postoperative interval seems the most important risk factor. The first 10 years after initial surgery. gastric cancer risk may be reduced due to the removal of the most cancer prone distal part of the stomach, but thereafter there seems a rapid increase of the relative risk. The etiology and precise mechanism of carcinogenesis is unknown but the time relationship with the surgery suggests that alterations induced by the operation must be important. Premalignant and precursor lesions apparently occur more frequently in the gastric remnant after peptic ulcer surgery and endoscopic bioptic screening can detect early stump cancers at a curable stage. Conclusions Large scale screening programs of post-gastrectomy patients are nevertheless not recommended; the yield of early stomach carcinomas appears too low to justify surveillance. The individual postgastrectomy patient willing to undergo regular endoscopy may however benefit from such approach. In that event, multiple biopsies should be taken to assess the microscopic appearance of the mucosa. Especially dysplasia is considered as a dependable morphologic marker for the neoplastic potential of the gastric remnant and requires close follow-up.