节段性潜行减压治疗腰椎管狭窄症

目的：探讨中央型腰椎管狭窄的手术方式，讨论采用节段性潜行减压这一术式的可行性，方法：对35例病人，根据术前X线，CT，椎管造影等检查，针对性地对一个或两个或多个节段进行潜行减压，对伴有侧隐窝狭窄者同时给予扩大成形。结果：32例病人的获随访，随访时间6－48个月，平均30个月，优良率93．75％，结论：节段性潜行减压术治疗中央型腰椎管狭窄症，通过有限的椎板及关节突切除，能够潜行扩大椎管狭窄的中央部及侧隐窝，并能摘除增厚的黄韧带和退变的椎间盘，较好地保留了腰椎的后部结构，既能解除对马尾和神经根的压迫，又能保持后柱的稳定性，该方法对于后柱的稳定性优于传统的椎板切除术     

291例腰椎管狭窄症患者的临床特点分析

目的：总结腰椎管狭窄症的临床特点，探讨狭窄节段范围与临床表现的关系。方法：回顾性分析291例经手术证实的腰椎管狭窄症患者的临床资料，其中男125例，女166例，年龄28-89岁，平均60．2岁。对其发病规律，临床表现特点进行归纳分析。根据狭窄范围，分为2组，单节段狭窄组149例；多节段狭窄组142例。对两组患者的主要症状体征进行对比分析。结果：腰椎管狭窄症好发于中老年，慢性起病：首发症状以腰痛最常见，间歇性跛行（86．6％）、腰痛（82．8％）、下肢麻木（60．1％）为常见症状；临床体征以腰背部压痛（58．8％）、下肢皮肤针刺觉异常（58．0％）、腰椎活动受限（43.3％）和下肢肌力减弱（42.3％）多见。大小便功能异常发生率单节段狭窄组为0．67％，多节段狭窄组为5．63％，两组之间差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；下肢肌力减弱发生率前者为32．9％．后者为52．1％，两组之间有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；而两组患者的间歇性跛行、下肢放射痛、下肢麻木、下肢皮肤针刺觉异常等发生率无明显差异。结论：腰椎管狭窄症患者好发于中老年人，以慢性起病为主，临床主要表现为累及下肢的变化多样的神经症状和体征，多节段狭窄患者更容易引起下肢肌力减弱和马尾神经损害。     

后路腰椎间融合治疗腰椎管狭窄症患者腰痛的疗效分析

[目的]分析腰椎管狭窄症患者腰痛的原因,探讨后路腰椎间融合术对腰椎管狭窄症腰痛的治疗效果.[方法]比较腰痛明显的腰椎管狭窄症患者和典型间歇性跛行症状的腰椎管狭窄症患者的年龄、术前腰椎失稳、生理前凸消失和退变性侧弯的发生率;分析后路腰椎间融合 (posterior lumbar interbody fusion, PLIF) 治疗腰椎管狭窄症患者下腰痛的随访结果.[结果]腰痛明显组的腰椎管狭窄症患者的平均年龄、腰椎节段性失稳率、腰椎前凸消失和退变性侧弯的比率高于间歇性跛行组的腰椎管狭窄症患者.PLIF术后腰痛症状明显减轻,JOA评分改善,退变性侧弯程度减轻,腰椎前凸恢复,椎间均达到骨性融合.[结论]PLIF可消除腰椎管狭窄症的多种腰痛病因,是治疗腰椎管狭窄症下腰痛的较好术式选择.     

双侧多节段开窗法治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症

目的介绍一种治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症的手术方法。方法应用双侧多节段开窗法治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症患者57例。结果全部病例平均随访1年8月,优良率89．5％．结论手术治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症不需要行全椎板或半椎板切除,只需行双侧多节段开窗减压即可获得满意疗效,对脊柱的稳定性影响小,不需加用内固定。     

多节段退行性腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗

目的：探讨多个椎板间潜行式开窗，减压术治疗多节段退行性腰椎管狭窄症的手术特点及疗效，旨在较大限度地保持脊柱的稳定性，预防传统的椎板切除减压手术引起的不良综合症。方法：自1994年至2001年，作者手术治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄症286例。其中127例，55岁以下者，采用 多个椎板间潜行式开窗、减压术。开窗减压最少2处，最多4处。结果：参照陆裕朴疗效标准；本组优89例，良31例，可7例，优良率94．5％。结论：椎板间多窗潜行减压术，治疗多节段退行性腰椎管狭窄症，可达到减压的目的，不良并发症少，但应强调影像学检查与临床症状体征相结合，防止手术范围扩大。手术者要具有熟练的脊柱开窗手术技巧，松解神经根管与防止术后神经根粘连是保证手术效果的关键。     

节段性减压稳定性结构重建术治疗多节段腰椎管狭窄症合并腰椎间盘突出症

腰椎管狭窄症与腰椎间盘突出症是慢性腰腿痛的常见原因,自1997年以来作者采用节段性减压稳定性结构重建术治疗腰椎管狭窄症合并腰椎间盘突出症15例,疗效满意,现总结报告如下.     

腰椎管狭窄症的影像学诊断进展

腰椎管狭窄症的影像学诊断进展尚培中，吴琦现代影像技术的发展，使人们对腰椎管狭窄症的诊断水平不断提高。本文就近年来有关腰椎管狭窄症的影像学诊断进展做一综述。１Ｘ线平片［１￣３］平片对先天性腰椎管狭窄的诊断很有帮助。其Ｘ线征象主要包括：①高度肥大的关节突...     

腰椎管狭窄症138例分析

腰椎管狭窄症１３８例分析白伦浩马兴为张云岐王海义我院自１９９０年９月～１９９５年６月共手术治疗腰椎管狭窄症１３８例，获得了满意的效果，现分析讨论如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组１３８例中，男８２例，女５６例，年龄２８～７７岁，平均５２．５岁，病程平...     

功能定位检查诊断多节段腰椎管狭窄症的作用

目的：探讨功能定位检查对多节段腰椎管狭窄的诊断价值。方法：应用非完全随机法进行临床功能定位检查和影像学检查对比分析，对81例腰椎管狭窄症患者进行临床功能定位检查和影像学检查对比分析。结果：术前腰椎管造影和CTM检查，显示受累共181个间隙及315条神经根。经物理检查和步行负荷试验，部分患者经神经根造影，诱痛和阻滞试验，精确定位诊断并经手术证实，腰椎管狭窄病实际累及123个间隙和178条神经根。结论：对于多节段腰椎管狭窄症患者，可以精确定位受压间隙和神经根。对无临床症状而仅有腰椎管狭窄影像学征象的间隙和侧间隙无需进行“预防性手术”。     

Endplate defects,not the severity of spinal stenosis,contribute to low back pain in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis

BACKGROUND CONTEXTIt is controversial whether lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) itself contributes to low back pain (LBP). Lower truncal skeletal muscle mass, spinopelvic malalignment, intervertebral disc degeneration, and endplate abnormalities are thought to be related to LBP. However, whether these factors cause LBP in patients with LSS is unclear.PURPOSETo identify factors associated with LBP in patients with LSS.STUDY DESIGN/SETTINGCross-sectional design.PATIENT SAMPLEA total of 260 patients (119 men and 141 women, average age 72.8 years) with neurogenic claudication caused by LSS, as confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).OUTCOME MEASURESRatings of LBP, buttock and leg pain, and numbness on a numerical rating scale (NRS), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) scores, muscle mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and radiographic measurements including slippage and lumbopelvic alignment. The severity of LSS, endplate defects, Modic endplate changes, intervertebral disc degeneration, and facet joint osteoarthritis were assessed on MRI.METHODSThe presence of LBP was defined as an NRS score ≥3. The demographic data, patient-reported outcomes, and radiological and MRI findings were compared between patients with and without LBP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors that were independently associated with the presence of LBP.RESULTSThere were significant differences between patients with and without LBP for buttock and leg pain and numbness on the NRS, general health on the SF-36, presence of endplate defects, presence of Modic changes, disc degeneration grading, and disc height grading (all p < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between LBP and diabetes (OR 2.43; 95% CI 1.07–5.53), buttock and leg numbness on the NRS (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.17–1.52), general health on the SF-36 (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99), and the presence of erosive endplate defects (OR 3.04; 95% CI 1.51–6.11) (all p < .05).CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that LBP in patients with LSS should be carefully assessed not only for spinal stenosis but also clinical factors and endplate defects.     

不同年龄非特异性腰痛患者腰椎曲度相关因素分析

目的 分析不同年龄段非特异性腰痛患者人口学因素、临床特征及竖脊肌形态与腰椎曲度的相关性.方法 选取2016年1月—2019年12月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院和国家电网北京电力医院收治的临床影像学资料完整的非特异性腰痛患者99例,记录患者年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰痛持续时间、腰痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分.于腰椎侧位X线片测量腰椎前凸角,于腰椎横断面MRI测量L4,5节段去除脂肪信号后的双侧竖脊肌横截面积(CSA)及L4 CSA.依据患者年龄分为≥65岁组(16例)和<65岁组(83例),比较2组人口学因素、腰痛持续时间、VAS评分、竖脊肌参数和腰椎前凸角的差异,并分析腰椎前凸角与其他指标的相关性.结果 <65岁组L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA高于≥65组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2组性别、BMI、VAS评分、腰痛持续时间及腰椎前凸角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在<65岁组中,相关性检验显示性别和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎前凸角存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示腰椎前凸角与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.在≥65岁组中,相关性检验显示腰椎前凸角与年龄和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示年龄与腰椎前凸角呈负线性相关、与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.结论 非特异性腰痛患者性别、年龄、L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎曲度均存在相关性,<65岁的患者腰椎曲度与性别相关,≥65岁的患者腰椎曲度与年龄相关,而腰椎曲度与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA的相关性不依赖于年龄.     

老年腰椎椎管狭窄症患者发生腰椎术后失败综合征的危险因素

目的 探讨老年腰椎椎管狭窄症（LSS）患者发生腰椎术后失败综合征（FBSS）的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月—2022年1月采用后路腰椎椎间融合术（PLIF）治疗的473例老年（≥65岁）LSS患者临床资料,根据是否发生FBSS分为FBSS组（n=48）和非FBSS组（n=425）。比较患者相关因素和手术相关因素在2组之间的差异,采用多因素logistic回归方法分析发生FBSS的独立危险因素。结果 2组患者相关因素中受教育程度、病程、体质量指数（BMI）、瘢痕体质、高血压、糖尿病、甲状腺功能疾病、皮质醇激素使用史、术前脊柱-骨盆匹配等情况的差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）,手术相关因素中是否存在脑脊液漏、椎弓根螺钉位置、术后脊柱-骨盆匹配情况、是否佩戴支具差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,患者病程长、有瘢痕体质、有糖尿病、术前脊柱-骨盆匹配度异常、椎弓根螺钉位置靠内是FBSS发生的独立危险因素（比值比分别为2.318、4.066、3.501、4.715、5.407,P < 0.05）。结论 老年LSS患者病程、瘢痕体质、糖尿病、术前脊柱-骨盆匹配情况、椎弓根螺钉位置与FBSS的发生密切相关。     

Correlation between spinal and pelvic movements during gait and aggravation of low back pain by gait loading in lumbar spinal stenosis patients

BackgroundLumbar alignment of posterior or anterior tilts affects the exacerbation and remission of symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis patients. This study aimed to clarify the correlation between spinal and pelvic movements during gait and the aggravation of low back pain after gait loading in lumbar spinal stenosis patients.MethodsA total of 29 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis completed leg and low back pain assessments and gait analysis before and after gait loading tests. Patients were divided into leg and low back pain change (n = 8), leg pain only change (n = 12), and non-change (n = 9) groups based on the differences of leg and low back pain between before and after the tests. Peak kinematic values of the anterior tilts of the trunk, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and pelvis during the stance phase were obtained via three-dimensional gait analysis.ResultsIn the leg and low back pain change group, the anterior lumbar and pelvic tilts were larger after than before the tests; however, in the leg pain only change and non-change groups, only the anterior lumbar tilt was larger after than before the tests. Anterior lumbar tilt before and after the tests negatively correlated with the aggravation of low back pain, and an increase in the anterior pelvic tilt positively correlated with the aggravation of low back pain.ConclusionsIn lumbar spinal stenosis patients, smaller anterior lumbar tilt and larger anterior pelvic tilt during gait loading may affect the aggravation of low back pain by gait loading. Increasing in lumbar lordosis during gait might be one of the factors leading to low back pain in lumbar spinal stenosis patients.     

Differences in measurements of lumbar curvature related to gender and low back pain

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVES: To test the assumption that postural alignment and gender have a bearing on the specific type of low back pain (LBP) a person manifests. BACKGROUND: Measurements of static sagittal lumbar curvature are used by clinicians in the management of patients with LBP, but no investigator has reported differences in curvature related to specific categories of LBP. METHODS AND MEASURES: We used a computer-interfaced, 3-D, electromechanical digitizer to derive curvature angles for the region of the spine between T12-L1 and S2. Trained clinicians examined the subjects and determined their LBP diagnoses. We used t tests to examine differences in curvature between women and men, those with and those without LBP, and those in 4 different categories of LBP. We used chi2 to examine the relationship between gender and LBP category. RESULTS: Lumbar curvature angle (lordosis) was 13.2 degrees larger for women than for men (t = 6.74; P<.01). There was no difference in lumbar curvature between people with undifferentiated LBP and people without LBP. There were differences in lumbar curvature between people in various categories of LBP, for example, subjects in the lumbar-rotation-with-extension category had 8.4 degrees more lumbar curvature than subjects in the lumbar-rotation-with-flexion category (t = 2.16; P<.05). Based on the frequency distributions, there was a significant relationship between gender and LBP category (chi2 = 10.19; P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of lumbar curvature should be expected to differ between men and women and may be related to different types of low back pain.     

Correlation of low back pain caused by lumbar spinal stenosis and depression in women: a clinical study

Objective:

Low back pain (LBP) due to spinal stenosis may be one of the most debilitating symptoms to decrease the quality of life. The cause and effect association of LBP and depression is vague. Pain may also be a somatization symptom of depression. This is more frequent in the female population. This clinical study was designed to evaluate the correlation between the level of back pain caused by lumbar spinal stenosis and depression in the female population.

Method:

The study included 50 consecutive female patients with spinal stenosis. The stenosis diagnosis is made by neurological examination and neuro-imaging. The study group was psychiatrically evaluated and grouped as those with and without depression. Visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) were utilized in initial evaluation of the group.

Results:

Twenty-one patients with lumbar spinal stenosis had depression (DLS Group) and 29 did not (LSS Group). Mean HDS scores were 8.97 and 32.48 for Group LSS and Group DLS, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the VAS scores of the groups (the mean VAS scores were 5.6 and 7.6, for groups LSS and DLS, respectively). The mean ODI values for LSS (65.24?±?4.58) and DLS (75.1?±?6.7) groups were also significantly different. In Group DLS, there were positive correlations between ODI and VAS with HDS (p?Conclusion: Our findings indicated a relationship between lumbar spinal stenosis associated pain levels and depression. However, the cause and result relationship still needs to be established yet.     

腰椎全板减压术后顽固下腰痛的原因分析

[目的]分析腰椎全板切除术后残留下腰痛的原因,指导选择合理的手术方法。[方法]回顾分析1996～2000年作者采用全椎板切除减压治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者临床资料,69例获得5年以上随访的患者作为本组研究对象,使用日本骨科学会(JOA)标准对患者的神经功能和下腰痛程度进行评分,根据手术前后下腰痛程度的变化将病例分为无残存下腰痛(lowbackpain,LBP)组和残存LBP组,针对术前的临床和影像学参数,使用软件包SPSS13.0进行对数回归分析,确定术后残存下腰痛的临床预测因素,并对这些影响因素进行两组间比较和统计分析。[结果]术前腰椎前突角、腰椎活动度和手术减压范围与术后残存下腰痛密切相关。残存LBP组患者术前腰椎生理前突和活动度分别为(22.27°±3.12°)和(22.91°±2.31°),显著低于无残存LBP组患者的腰椎前突和活动度(37.23°±2.19°)和(31.66°±1.52°),P值分别为0.000和0.002;而残存LBP组的减压节段(2.77±0.19节)明显高于无残存LBP组(1.70±0.10节),P值为0.000。[结论]对于术前腰椎前突减小,腰椎活动度下降的椎管狭窄症患者单纯施行多节段的腰椎全板减压容易导致术后顽固性下腰痛的出现,应引起作者重视。