腰痛患者下腰椎MRI上Modic改变与高信号区的发生情况及意义

目的:探讨腰痛患者下腰椎MRI上Modic改变与腰椎间盘局限性高信号区(high-intensity zone,HIZ)的发生情况及意义。方法:对511例腰痛患者(男263例,女248例;年龄20~70岁,平均48岁)腰椎MRI上L4/5和L5/S1节段的Modic改变和HIZ进行评估,统计两者及两者共存于同一节段的发生率。将有Modic改变和/或HIZ的椎间盘分为Modic组、Modic-HIZ组、HIZ组,比较3组的年龄、椎间盘高度、椎间盘退变程度、腰痛VAS和ODI评分。结果:511例患者中,190例(37.18%)209个节段有Modic改变,127例(24.85%)142个椎间盘有HIZ,18例(3.52%)18个节段出现Modic改变和HIZ共存的现象。HIZ组、Modic-HIZ组和Modic组分别为89例(124个节段)、18例(18个节段)、152例(191个节段),患者平均年龄分别为46.0±11.0岁、49.2±9.2岁和53.5±10.6岁,仅HIZ组和Modic组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);椎间盘平均高度分别为9.93±2.46mm、8.73±2.45mm和7.57±2.21mm,组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组椎间盘退变分级均≥Ⅲ级,其中Ⅳ级+Ⅴ级退变率分别为48.39%、72.22%和75.92%,仅HIZ组与Modic组、Modic-HIZ组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腰痛VAS分别为8.39±0.32分、8.45±0.30分、8.61±0.54分,ODI评分分别为38.22±4.23分、38.45±4.16分、39.18±3.53分,3组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:腰痛患者下腰椎Modic改变和HIZ的发生率较高,但两者共存于同一节段的发生率低,当两者共存于同一节段时腰痛并不会明显加重。     

HIZ与Modic改变及腰椎间盘退变的相关性研究

目的探讨下腰痛患者腰椎MRI上HIZ与Modic改变及腰椎间盘退变间的相关性特点。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01-2014-12间就诊的411例患者,根据患者腰椎MRI观察腰椎间盘退变、Modic改变及HIZ三者之间的相关关系。结果腰椎间盘退变与Modic改变在各节段均存在正相关,但各节段之间的关联性以邻近节段显著;L_(4-5)、L_5-S_1两个节段的腰椎退变程度与HIZ的出现存在正相关;腰椎间盘节段的Modic改变与HIZ之间并无显著相关性。结论 Modic改变及HIZ的出现均提示腰椎间盘的退行性变,而且Modic改变的出现提示了腰椎临近节段的退变,但两者均为独立性因素。     

无症状成年中国人腰椎间盘MR影像分析

目的探讨无症状中国人腰椎间盘MRI征象及其临床意义。方法选取117例(585个椎间盘)21～59岁无症状中国成年人的腰椎MRI资料,采用盲法对MRI中椎间盘退变、椎间盘疝(膨出、突出、脱出和髓核游离)、局限性高信号区(HIZ)和Modic改变进行评价,并进行统计分析。结果 20～29岁患者中退变1～2级椎间盘约占89.09%(49/55),在50～59岁患者中降至20.51%(40/195),退变4、5级椎间盘所占比例分别为7.27%(4/55)和37.44%(73/195)。椎间盘膨出53例(53/117,45.30%),HIZ 40例(40/117,34.19%),椎间盘突出31例(31/117,26.50%)。患者ModicⅡ型改变发生率10.26%(12/117),高于Ⅰ型(2/117,1.71%,χ2=7.597,P<0.01)。未见髓核游离和ModicⅢ型改变。椎间盘疝、Modic改变和HIZ多发生于下腰椎。椎间盘疝的发生率随年龄增长显著升高(χ2=36.92,P<0.001)。Modic改变常见于30岁以上人群。HIZ在40～59岁相对高发。结论无症状国人腰椎间盘MRI以生理性退变表现为主;椎间盘脱出、ModicⅠ、Ⅱ型改变可能与腰痛症状相关。     

下腰痛患者Modic改变的临床分布及其分型的相关因素

目的 探讨下腰痛患者Modic改变的临床分布及其分型的相关因素。方法 收集103例下腰痛患者的性别、年龄、受累节段、相关节段的椎间盘退变和突出、腰椎曲度和终板凹角等数据,采用单因素分析和logistic回归分析Modic改变分型的相关因素。结果Modic改变的患者中Ⅰ型16例(15. 5%),Ⅱ型83例(80. 6%),Ⅲ型4例(3. 9%)。共127个节段存在Modic改变:L1～2节段3个,L2～3节段8个,L3～4节段13个,L4～5节段38个,L5～S1节段65个。因Ⅲ型Modic改变的病例过少,各相关因素的分析中仅对Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型进行统计研究。单因素分析表明年龄、椎间盘退变和L4～5前凸角与Modic改变分型有关,logistic回归分析表明仅年龄与Modic改变分型有关。结论 在下腰痛患者中Modic改变Ⅱ型最为常见,其次是Ⅰ型,Ⅲ型不常见;Modic改变主要发生在L4～5和L5～S1节段;年龄是Modic改变分型的影响因素。     

腰椎终板Modic改变与腰椎退变的相关性研究

目的总结腰椎终板Modic改变的临床分布特点,探讨Modic改变的发生与腰椎退行性变的相关性。方法对腰腿痛就诊的348例患者根据Modic分级标准对患者腰椎矢状位MRI资料进行评估,记录有无Modic改变、腰椎管狭窄、腰椎滑脱、椎间盘退变,并通过X线测定椎间隙高度。使用SPSS 18.0统计学软件对数据进行处理,探讨Modic改变的发生与性别、年龄、腰椎节段、间盘膨出、间盘突出、间盘脱出、椎间隙改变、椎管狭窄、腰椎滑脱的相关性。结果 348例共1 740个腰椎椎间盘中,89例(25.6%,包括手术患者7例)139个椎间盘(7.9%)邻近终板发生Modic改变,以Ⅱ型为多。按性别统计:男女差异无统计学意义;按不同年龄组统计:50~59岁组最多,为34.31%;Modic改变在椎间盘突出或脱出者、椎间隙高度降低者、退行性腰椎管狭窄、腰椎Ⅰ度滑脱者的发生率较高。结论腰椎终板存在Modic改变,最常见的类型为Ⅱ型,Ⅰ型次之,Ⅲ型最为少见,其多发生于L5~S1节段,其次为L4~5。腰椎Modic的发生与年龄、腰椎节段、间盘膨出、间盘突出、间盘脱出、椎间隙改变、椎管狭窄、腰椎滑脱存在相关性。Modic改变可能是腰椎间盘退变严重的表现。     

退变性腰椎侧凸椎体终板Modic改变的分布情况及其影响因素

目的:观察退变性腰椎侧凸患者终板Modic改变的分布情况,分析其相关影响因素及与腰痛的关系。方法:回顾分析2000年3月～2009年3月我院收治的126例退变性腰椎侧凸患者的影像学资料,采用VAS对患者腰痛程度进行评估。观察患者终板Modic改变的发生率、类型及分布特点;比较存在Modic改变与不存在Modic改变患者的VAS评分;分析Modic改变与椎间盘退变、终板倾斜度、腰椎侧凸角及体重指数间的相关性。结果:126例患者756个腰椎间盘中,69例(54.8%)124(18.2%)个椎间盘邻近终板存在Modic改变。存在Modic改变患者VAS评分5.5±2.0,不存在Modic改变患者VAS评分3.0±1.5,两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。Modic分型:Ⅰ型有15例患者(11.9%)19个椎间盘退变(2.5%),Ⅱ型48例(38.1%)97个椎间盘退变(12.8%),Ⅲ型6例(4.8%)8个椎间盘退变(1.1%)。退变终板节段:L5/S1椎间盘32个(25.8%),L4/5椎间盘26个(21.0%),L3/4椎间盘9个(7.3%),L2/3椎间盘47个(37.9%),L1/2椎间盘6个(4.8%),T12/L1椎间盘4个(3.2%)。Modic改变发生于终板凹侧99(13.1%)个,发生于终板凸侧25(3.3%)个;凹侧与凸侧发生率比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。Modic改变与椎间盘退变、终板倾斜度、腰椎侧凸角及体重指数存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论:Modic改变与椎间盘退变、终板倾斜度、腰椎侧凸角及体重指数之间存在相关关系;Modic改变以Ⅱ型多见,多发生于终板的凹侧,以L2/3、L5/S1和L4/5节段多发。     

HIZ与椎间盘造影在椎间盘源性腰痛诊断中的对比研究

目的对比MRI T2WI上HIZ（high intensity zone）与椎间盘造影对椎间盘源性腰痛的诊断价值。方法2006年9～2007年12月,对43例严重下腰痛患者进行MRI检查以及椎间盘造影术,对MRI T2WI存在HIZ表现的患者以及椎间盘造影阳性的患者进行回顾性分析。结果43例患者中,26例患者的31个节段有HIZ表现（60．5％,26／43）,其中17例造影阳性,阳性率为65．4％（17／26）;17例无HIZ表现的患者中4例造影阳性,阳性率为（23．5％,4／17）。43例患者中,共计21例患者23个节段造影阳性,阳性率为48．8％（21／43）。结论慢性下腰痛患者中HIZ对椎间盘源性腰痛有较高的提示作用,但确诊仍需椎间盘造影术予以明确。     

单节段腰椎间盘突出症单纯髓核摘除术后10年以上随诊观察

目的:观察单纯髓核摘除术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的远期疗效及影像学改变。方法:1990～1998年我院经单纯髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者210例,对其中术后10年以上来门诊随访且资料完整的35例单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者进行回顾性分析,其中全椎板切除髓核摘除术10例,开窗减压髓核摘除术25例。随访内容包括:询问病史、骨科查体、摄腰椎正侧位及过伸过屈位X线片、行腰椎MRI检查及ODI评分,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果:随访时5例无腰腿疼痛症状,26例偶有腰痛及下肢酸痛,4例有明显腰腿痛。X线检查手术节段椎间隙变窄22例,占62.9%,手术节段残存活动度5.0°±3.2°,均未显示脊柱不稳定,依据U-CLA标准8例(22.9%)手术节段头侧相邻节段存在退变。MRI检查6例患者原手术节段可见椎间盘突出(占17.1%),其中4例有明显腰腿痛症状;依据改良Pfirrmann椎间盘退变分级,头侧椎间盘1～5级27例,6级及以上8例;12例手术节段存在终板信号改变,占34.3%,其中ModicⅠ型4例,Ⅱ型8例。随访时手术节段椎间隙狭窄与无狭窄患者的ODI评分有显著性差异(P<0.05)。两种术式患者ODI、相邻节段退变发生率和手术节段活动度均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:单节段腰椎间盘突出症单纯髓核摘除术后10年以上手术节段能保留一定活动度,无脊柱不稳发生,但手术椎间隙变窄、相邻节段退变发生率较高,其与腰部功能障碍相关。     

腰椎终板Modic改变与腰椎间盘突出的相关性研究

[目的]探讨腰椎终板Modic改变与腰椎间盘突出的相关性及其意义.[方法]对628例患者(年龄14～85岁,平均50岁;男326例,女302例)腰椎MRI上L3、4～L5S1节段的Modic改变和腰椎间盘突出程度进行评估,统计两者的相关性.将单节段中、重度腰椎间盘突出者分为A组(仅该节段有Modic改变)和B组(任一节段均无Modic改变).统计两组下腰痛的发生率并采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(oswestry disability index,ODI)来评估腰痛程度.[结果]在1844个腰椎间盘中,椎间盘无突出组、轻度突出组、中度突出组和重度突出组Modic改变的发生率分别为6.83％、23.66％、42.72％和50.79％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),Spearman相关检验表明Modic改变和腰椎间盘突出程度呈正相关(r=0.344,P＜0.01).A、B组下腰痛的发生率分别为59.32％和37.97％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但腰痛VAS评分和ODI评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论]腰椎终板Modic改变的发生与腰椎间盘突出程度呈正相关,当腰椎间盘突出合并Modic 改变特别是Ⅰ型改变时,下腰痛的发生率增加.     

腰椎MR成像椎间盘终板区Modic征象的诊断价值

目的探讨腰椎终板区椎体MRI征象特征及其在腰腿痛病因诊断中的价值。方法回顾分析106例有腰痛伴或不伴下肢放射痛病人132个椎间节段和86例正常成人112个椎间节段腰椎间盘近终板区椎体MRI信号改变(Modic征)发生率,并与手术病理学检查对照,评价其诊断价值。临床治疗效果依据手术前、后Oswestry下腰痛功能障碍指数评定法评定。MRI敏感性=阳性/(阳性+假阴性)×100%。结果腰腿痛病人组和正常对照组Modic征发生率分别为53.03%、3.57%,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型发生率分别12.7%、23.9%和2.1%。以腰腿痛为主要症状者多表现为Ⅰ、Ⅱ型病变(P<0.05)。病程在1年以内者多表现为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型病变,超过1年者以Ⅲ型变化为主。Oswestry功能障碍指数由74.68%改善为18.37%,手术效果良好。Modic征对诊断椎间盘源性腰腿痛敏感性为73.9%。结论腰腿痛病人腰椎MR成像Modic征发生率较正常人高,且以Ⅰ、Ⅱ型多见,是诊断椎间盘退变性下腰痛较敏感的影像学参数。     

临床论著多节段经椎板间隙椎管扩大术治疗腰椎管狭窄症

目的:探讨多节段经椎板间隙椎管扩大术治疗腰椎管狭窄症的疗效。方法:采用潜式扩大中央椎管和神经根管或摘除椎间盘术式治疗腰椎管狭窄症共86例。其中2节段减压57例,3节段减压19例,4节段减压10例。术后进行Oswestry疗效评分与影像学观察。结果:术后CT显示椎管直径明显增加,椎管造影显示神经根管明显扩大。术后1年随访79例,疗效优良率90.1%;术后3年随访76例,优良率86.3%。结论:多节段经椎板间隙椎管扩大术操作简单,手术并发症少,中央椎管和神经根管减压充分,对腰椎后柱张力带结构破坏小,治疗腰椎管狭窄症疗效满意。     

节段性潜行减压治疗腰椎管狭窄症

目的：探讨中央型腰椎管狭窄的手术方式，讨论采用节段性潜行减压这一术式的可行性，方法：对35例病人，根据术前X线，CT，椎管造影等检查，针对性地对一个或两个或多个节段进行潜行减压，对伴有侧隐窝狭窄者同时给予扩大成形。结果：32例病人的获随访，随访时间6－48个月，平均30个月，优良率93．75％，结论：节段性潜行减压术治疗中央型腰椎管狭窄症，通过有限的椎板及关节突切除，能够潜行扩大椎管狭窄的中央部及侧隐窝，并能摘除增厚的黄韧带和退变的椎间盘，较好地保留了腰椎的后部结构，既能解除对马尾和神经根的压迫，又能保持后柱的稳定性，该方法对于后柱的稳定性优于传统的椎板切除术     

Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: correlation with Oswestry Disability Index and MR Imaging

Because neither the degree of constriction of the spinal canal considered to be symptomatic for lumbar spinal stenosis nor the relationship between the clinical appearance and the degree of a radiologically verified constriction is clear, a correlation of patient’s disability level and radiographic constriction of the lumbar spinal canal is of interest. The aim of this study was to establish a relationship between the degree of radiologically established anatomical stenosis and the severity of self-assessed Oswestry Disability Index in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Sixty-three consecutive patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who were scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and completed a self-assessment Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire. Quantitative image evaluation for lumbar spinal stenosis included the dural sac cross-sectional area, and qualitative evaluation of the lateral recess and foraminal stenosis were also performed. Every patient subsequently answered the national translation of the Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire and the percentage disability was calculated. Statistical analysis of the data was performed to seek a relationship between radiological stenosis and percentage disability recorded by the Oswestry Disability Index. Upon radiological assessment, 27 of the 63 patients evaluated had severe and 33 patients had moderate central dural sac stenosis; 11 had grade 3 and 27 had grade 2 nerve root compromise in the lateral recess; 22 had grade 3 and 37 had grade 2 foraminal stenosis. On the basis of the percentage disability score, of the 63 patients, 10 patients demonstrated mild disability, 13 patients moderate disability, 25 patients severe disability, 12 patients were crippled and three patients were bedridden. Radiologically, eight patients with severe central stenosis and nine patients with moderate lateral stenosis demonstrated only minimal disability on percentage Oswestry Disability Index scores. Statistical evaluation of central and lateral radiological stenosis versus Oswestry Disability Index percentage scores showed no significant correlation. In conclusion, lumbar spinal stenosis remains a clinico-radiological syndrome, and both the clinical picture and the magnetic resonance imaging findings are important when evaluating and discussing surgery with patients having this diagnosis. MR imaging has to be used to determine the levels to be decompressed.     

Effects of X-STOP device on sagittal lumbar spine kinematics in spinal stenosis

The X-Stop device is designed to distract the posterior elements of the stenotic segment and place it in flexion to treat neurogenic claudication. Previous biomechanical studies on X Stop have been done in vitro on cadavers looking at disc pressures and segmental range of movements. The objective of this study is to understand the sagittal kinematics in vivo of the lumbar spine at the instrumented and adjacent levels. Twenty-six patients with lumbar spine stenosis underwent 1 or 2 level X-Stop procedure. All had pre- and postoperative positional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in standing, supine, and sitting in flexion and extension. Measurements of disc heights, endplate angles, segmental and lumbar range of movement were performed after placement of X Stop at the stenosed level in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. No significant changes were seen in disc heights, segmental and total lumbar spine movements postoperatively. The X-Stop device does not affect the sagittal kinematics of the lumbar spine in vivo.     

加压植骨联合单枚Cage的椎体间融合与后外侧融合治疗双节段腰椎椎管狭窄症临床效果的回顾性研究

目的探讨双节段腰椎椎管狭窄症后路减压手术后行椎间加压植骨联合单枚Cage置入的椎体间融合术（posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF）与后外侧融合术（posterolateral fusion,PLF）的临床效果。方法回顾性随访分析53例双节段腰椎椎管狭窄症行后路椎管减压、融合手术的患者,分为2组,PLF组31例,PLIF组22例。对2组患者手术情况进行比较,手术前、后及末次随访进行日本骨科协会（Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA）评分及下腰痛的视觉模拟量表（visual analog scale,VAS）评分。结果 2组手术时间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;出血量、输血量差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;JOA评分,手术前2组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,术后2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后2组下腰背疼痛的VAS评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论椎弓根螺钉内固定椎间加压植骨联合单枚Cage置入椎体间融合术较后外侧融合效果肯定,手术方式安全,手术后恢复快,出现下腰疼痛病例少,融合率高。     

Translaminar screw fixation in the lumbar spine: technique, indications, results

Translaminar screw fixation of the lumbar spine represents a simple and effective technique for short segment fusion in the degenerative spine. Clinical experience with 173 patients who underwent translaminar screw fixation revealed a fusion rate of 94%. The indications for translaminar screw fixation as a primary fixation procedure are: segmental dysfunction, lumbar spinal stenosis with painful degenerative changes, segmental revision surgery after discectomies, and painful disc-related syndromes such as internal disc disruption and lumbar disc herniation with concomitant degenerative changes. As an additional stabilization procedure, translaminar screws can be used to augment anterior fusion or reinforce pedicle systems. Translaminar screw fixation achieves as high fusion rate provided the biomechanical principles of the lumbar spine with an intact anterior column are respected and a meticulous operative technique is employed to enhance bony ingrowth of the graft. Received: 12 January 1998 Revised: 18 March 1998 Accepted: 6 April 1998     

40例多节段腰椎管狭窄症步行负荷试验及影像检查结果与手术疗效相关分析

[目的]探讨运用步行负荷试验检查对多节段退变性腰椎管狭窄症"责任节段"定位的价值.[方法]选择2008年1月一2009年10月收治的40例影像学表现为多节段退变件腰椎管狭窄症患者,运用步行负荷试验结合影像学检查,进行"责任节段"定位判断诊断,以便确定临床症状产生的责任区域,并与影像学检查对比分析.同时根据上述方法对确定的"责仟节段"运用"选择性椎板减压加神经根管扩大术"治疗;疗效则采用日本矫形外科协会JOA评分标准评定.[结果]加例患者步行后较静息时的临床体征均有不I司程度的加重或引发新的临床体征.步行后和静息时腰痛、下肢感觉障碍及下肢麻木、放射痛比较有显著性差异(P<0.01).MRI及CT检查显示受累168条神经根,经步行负荷试验定位诊断并经手术证实,实际累及110条神经根(X<'2>值=8.173),影像学检查与步行负荷试验检查阳性神经根的构成分布相同,狭窄节段以L<,4、5>为主,其次为;L<,5>S<,1>及L<,3、4>节段,而L<,1、2>及L<,2、3>,节段虽影像学有狭窄,但少见有临床症状及体征(但也可能与样本量过少有关).本组40例患者均针对"责任节段"行椎板减压及神经根管扩大手术,其结果显示:术前评分(7.02±0.42)分;术后评分(13.12±0.34)分;末次随访评分(12.96±0.65)分;术后与术前评分比较P=0.0000,提示有非常显著性差异.术后与术后最终随访时评分比较P=0.121 5,提示无显著性差异.[结论]对于多节段退变性腰椎管狭窄症,运用步行负荷试验结合影像检查,进行临床功能定位检查,可在术前明确本病的"责任节段",便于医牛选择手术减压的范围及部位,减少或避免了医源性腰椎不稳的发生.对仅有影像学狭窄征象而无临床症状的间隙无需进行"预防性手术".     

腰椎狭窄软性椎管的应力改变分析

目的 探讨腰椎软性椎管改变与椎管狭窄的关系。方法 在本研究52例中分为椎管狭窄组和对照组,2003年1月至2007年12月,推管狭窄组从因腰椎管狭窄病行后路椎板减压术的患者中取黄韧带标本对照组黄韧带标本共为10例,取自青年腰椎骨折行后路椎板减压术患者,后纵韧带标本共4例取自腰椎爆裂骨折前路椎体减压术患者。分别观察两组标本切片镜下的表现并加以分析。结果 在腰椎管狭窄病组,黄韧带及后纵韧带镜下表现为纤维肥大,基质内可见脂肪及小囊肿;对照组则表现为纤维细胞排列规则、无纤维化表现。结论 腰椎管软性椎管的应力改变及退行性变,是导致腰椎管狭窄的一个因素。     

Posterior dynamic stabilization of the lumbar spine with the Accuflex rod system as a stand-alone device: experience in 20 patients with 2-year follow-up

Decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis is a common procedure. After surgery, segmental instability sometimes occurs, therefore, different methods for restabilization have been developed. Dynamic stabilization systems have been designed to improve segmental stability. In this study, clinical results of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis that underwent decompression and stabilization with the Accuflex dynamic system are presented; clinical, radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are fully described. Improvements in all clinical measurements, including visual analog scale for back and leg pain, Oswestry disability index, and SF-36 health status survey were noticed. At a 2-year follow-up, 22.22% of patients required hardware removal due to fatigue while in 83% of them no progression of disk degeneration was observed after implantation of the Accuflex system. Additionally, as demonstrated by the MRI images at follow up, three patients (16%) showed disk rehydration with one grade higher on the Pfirmann classification. Although a relatively high hardware failure was observed (22.22%), the use of the dynamic stabilization system Accuflex posterior to decompression procedures, showed clinical benefits and stopped the degenerative process in 83% the patients.     

椎管减压椎弓根动态稳定系统（Dynesys）治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效

目的:评估椎管减压椎弓根动态稳定系统(Dynesys)固定治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效。方法:2008年8月～2009年12月,对24例单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者行椎管减压Dynesys椎弓根动态稳定系统内固定置入术,其中男11例,女13例。年龄35～70岁,平均52.3岁。治疗节段:L4/5 10例,L5/S1 14例。手术采用椎板开窗减压或部分切除,减压后置入Dynesys系统装置。按照Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(Oswestry disabilityindex,ODI)、视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和日本矫形外科学会(Japanese orthopaedic association,JOA)评分评估临床疗效,同时行影像学观察椎间隙高度、手术节段的活动度,手术及相邻节段椎体的退行性改变。结果:平均随访19.1个月(12～28个月)。ODI评分术前为30.46±10.33分,末次随访时为10.38±3.41分;VAS评分术前为7.79±1.50分,末次随访时为2.79±1.77分;JOA评分术前为9.63±3.57分,末次随访时为24.33±2.10分,最终疗效评价有效率91.67%。L4/5、L5/S1节段术后Cobb角分别为16.69°±1.68°和15.36°±1.85°均较术前减少,腰椎曲度改善。L4/5节段椎体的活动度(ROM)术前、术后6个月、术后1年及末次随访分别为7.53°±2.19°、3.85°±1.25°、3.85°±1.20°和3.84°±1.43°,L5/S1节段的ROM分别为7.20°±2.34°、3.39°±1.30°、3.31°±1.40°和3.36°±1.58°。L4/5腹侧椎间隙高度术前为13.03±1.86mm,末次随访为15.31±1.35mm;背侧椎间隙高度术前为7.49±1.46mm,末次随访时为8.98±1.17mm;L5/S1腹侧椎间隙高度术前为12.19±1.69mm,末次随访时为14.34±1.91mm;背侧椎间隙高度术前为7.41±1.34mm,末次随访时为8.48±1.07mm。无论L4/5或L5/S1,末次随访时其椎间隙高度均较术前显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:Dynesys作为一种非融合动态稳定系统,在辅助治疗腰椎管狭窄症中保留了腰椎生理曲度和固定节段的活动性,解剖结构的完整性,增加并维持了椎间隙高度,是辅助治疗腰椎管狭窄症的有效方法之一。