腹腔镜脾切除术治疗遗传性球形红细胞增多症(附18例报道)

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术治疗遗传性球形红细胞增多症的可行性、手术技巧及效果评价。方法收集我科2006年1月至2008年1月收治的行腹腔镜脾切除术治疗的遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者18例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果所有患者均顺利完成腹腔镜脾切除术。术中出血50～600ml,平均200ml。手术时间50～150min,平均136min（包括胆囊切除时间）。术后住院时间5～10d,平均7.8d,所有患者住院期间无暴发感染、胰漏等并发症发生。术后随访4～12个月,平均6.7个月,术前症状完全消失。结论腹腔镜脾切除术是治疗遗传性球形红细胞增多症的一种安全有效的方法。     

腹腔镜小儿脾切除术(附7例报告)

目的探讨腹腔镜在小儿脾切除中的应用.方法回顾性分析我院2003年10月～2005年3月腹腔镜小儿脾切除7例的临床资料,其中特发性血小板减少性紫癜5例,遗传性球形红细胞增多症1例,脾血管瘤1例.结果7例手术经过均顺利,无中转开腹手术,切除脾脏时间45～90 min,平均60 min.术中出血10～50 ml,平均23 ml.术后24 h内恢复胃肠蠕动,次日恢复饮食和下床活动,住院时间4～14 d,平均7 d.7例随访2～6个月,平均4.8月,恢复良好.结论腹腔镜下小儿脾切除术安全可行,具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快等优点.     

二级脾蒂结扎速两步离断法在腹腔镜脾切除术中的应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术采用结扎速血管闭合系统(LigaSure)二级脾蒂两步离断法处理脾蒂及联合应用超声刀离断脾周韧带的安全性、有效性及经济性.方法 总结分析32例腹腔镜脾切除术应用LigaSure二级脾蒂两步离断法及联合超声刀离断脾周韧带的体会及治疗效果.其中男性4例,女性28例;年龄16～64岁,中位年龄36岁.脾脏长径11～23 cm,平均长径17 cm;特发性血小板减少性紫癜19例、遗传性球形红细胞增多症6例(其中同一家系5例)、溶血性贫血3例、脾外伤血肿感染2例、Evan综合征1例、白血病1例.术中采用LigaSure及超声刀相结合离断脾周韧带,当脾蒂处于充分游离的状态时,采取二级脾蒂LigaSure两步离断法切断脾蒂.第一步在胰尾侧用LigaSure先闭合脾蒂但不切断,第二步于脾侧用LigaSure闭合脾蒂并切断.结果 32例手术均获成功,其中4例家族性遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者同时联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术,无中转手术,平均手术时间70 min(55～130 min),术中平均出血200 ml(50～600 ml),无腹腔出血、无内脏损伤、无胰漏及腹腔感染等并发症,全部治愈出院,平均术后住院6 d.手术免除应用Endo-GIA,平均每例节省手术费用8050元(920～6900元).结论 腹腔镜脾切除术中应用LigaSure二级脾蒂两步离断法处理脾蒂及联合超声刀离断脾周韧带安全可靠,手术时间明显缩短,出血少,且可降低医疗费用,实现了低成本微创外科.     

腹腔镜脾切除术（附8例报告）

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术的可行性。方法 我院从1996年6月-2001年3月,共施行腹腔镜脾切除术8例,其中乙型肝炎后肝硬化继发脾功能亢进5例、遗传性球形红细胞增多症l例、原发性血小板减少性紫癜l例、脾淋巴管瘤l例。结果 手术成功6例,平均手术时间为4h,平均术中失血350ml,平均术后住院6d,无术后并发症。中转开腹2例。2例同时行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,l例行腹腔镜卵巢囊肿切除术。结论 腹腔镜脾切除术是一种安全可行的脾脏切除方法。     

腹腔镜脾切除术的临床体会(附51例报告)

目的:总结腹腔镜脾切除术(laparoscopic splenectomy,LS)的手术经验与临床体会。方法:回顾分析2005年7月至2011年7月为51例患者行LS的临床资料,其中原发性血小板减少性紫癜(idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)38例,先天性溶血性贫血4例,遗传性球形红细胞增多症3例,门静脉高压症伴脾亢2例,外伤性脾破裂4例。结果:46例成功完成手术,5例中转手助腹腔镜手术。手术时间120～180 min,平均(150±12.1)min;术中出血量50～500 ml,平均(150±11.3)ml。术后住院3～7 d,平均(5±0.6)d,术后无并发症发生。38例ITP患者中37例血小板恢复正常,1例术后升高后又降低。结论:LS安全可行,术前准备工作、术中体位、术者与助手的配合及脾蒂处理是手术成功的关键。     

完全腹腔镜下巨脾切除术20例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜巨脾切除术的可行性、安全性及手术技巧。方法回顾性分析2006年8月至2009年7月20例腹腔镜巨脾切除术的临床资料。结果20例均顺利完成腹腔镜巨脾切除术。手术时间100—210min,平均140min。术中出血量20～650ml,平均80ml。术中切除副脾3个,同时行胆囊切除3例,肝活检术9例。全组术后6～12h拔除胃管、尿管并下床活动,12～24h肛门排气,1—2d恢复进食。有1例肝炎后肝硬化患者术后脾窝渗血再次剖腹脾窝止血,无手术死亡。平均住院时间7．8d。结论只要熟练掌握开腹巨脾切除术及腹腔镜技术,腹腔镜巨脾切除术是一种安全可行的微创手术方式,值得临床推广。术中脾周韧带的分离,脾蒂的处理是手术成功的关键因素。     

程序化单孔腹腔镜脾脏切除术治疗儿童遗传性球形红细胞增多症

目的:总结单孔腹腔镜脾脏切除术治疗儿童遗传性球形红细胞增多症的临床经验。方法:回顾分析2015年2月至2022年5月收治的67例遗传性球形红细胞增多症患儿的临床资料与随访结果,脾脏切除采用手术步骤程序化、操作精准的单孔腹腔镜技术。67例患儿中男38例,女29例;20个月～18岁,平均(6.00±3.50)岁;合并胆囊结石17例。结果:67例患儿均成功完成单孔腹腔镜脾切除术,术中未增加操作孔或中转开腹,15例合并胆囊结石的患儿同时行胆囊切开取石术。患儿术后均恢复顺利,平均住院(11.18±3.78)d。随访至今,患儿均生长发育良好,无爆发感染、再发胆囊结石等。结论:程序化的手术步骤、精准操作可有效保证单孔腹腔镜脾脏切除术的成功。合并胆囊结石的遗传性球形红细胞增多症患儿可在行单孔腹腔镜脾脏切除的同时行胆囊切开取石术。     

腹腔镜巨脾切除术29例临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜巨脾切除术的安全性及临床疗效.方法 对29例巨脾伴脾功能亢进行腹腔镜脾切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 28例成功行腹腔镜脾切除术,1例中转开腹.手术时间为100～210min,平均(160±30)min;术中出血量为50～1200ml,平均(150±50)ml;术后住院4～9d,平均(6±2)d.术后并发脾热2例.结论 随着腹腔镜器械的改进和操作技巧的熟练,腹腔镜巨脾切除术是安全可行且疗效确切的.     

经腹腔镜脾切除治疗血液病

我院于 1993年 10月至 2 0 0 1年 2月应用腹腔镜脾切除术治疗原发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)及遗传性球形红细胞增多症 (HS)患者 2 0例 ,并与传统手术方法进行比较 ,报告如下。临床资料1.一般资料 :腹腔镜脾切除组中 ,原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者 16例 ,遗传性球形红细胞增多症 4例。男 7例 ,女13例 ,年龄 16～ 6 5岁 ,平均 33岁。脾脏大小 8cm× 5cm×4cm～ 2 2cm× 13cm× 6cm ,平均 12cm× 8cm× 5cm。术中发现副脾 4例 (2 0 % )。 1988年 7月至 1993年 8月间应用传统手术方法脾切除治疗血液病患者 2 2例 ,其中原发性血小板减少性紫癜患…     

杂交式经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术6例报告

目的:探讨杂交式经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术的可行性、安全性、实用性及优缺点。方法:2011年11月至2012年12月为6例患者(免疫性血小板减少性紫癜4例、遗传性球形红细胞增多症2例)施行杂交式经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术。4例应用自制单孔腹腔镜入路装置,2例应用SILS入路装置。6例均采用左腋前线肋缘下2 cm处辅助5 mm切口,通过此孔留置引流管。结果:6例杂交式经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术均获成功,手术时间150～225 min,平均(189.2±31.8)min;术中出血量50～200 ml,平均(108.3±58.5)ml;术后住院6～9 d,平均(7.2±1.2)d。术后随访3～14个月,患者恢复良好,脐部切口位置隐蔽,美容效果佳。结论:杂交式经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术安全、可行,具有更佳的美容效果。但此手术难度较高,应严格把握适应证。     

手助腹腔镜技术在巨脾切除中的应用

目的:探讨手助腹腔镜技术在巨脾切除术中的应用。方法:用手助腹腔镜技术实施1例巨脾切除术。结果:顺利完成手助腹腔镜巨脾切除,手术时间3h,术中失血30ml,切除脾脏约40cm×15cm×10cm大小,未中转开腹,无术中术后并发症发生,住院7d,治愈出院。结论:手助腹腔镜脾切除术对于巨脾是可行的、安全的,而且保留了微侵袭外科恢复快的优点,为组织学检查提供足够大的标本。     

经腹腔镜脾切除治疗重度以上脾肿大的疗效观察

目的 探讨重度以上脾肿大经腹腔镜脾切除的安全性和有效性.方法 对1995年1月至2011年9月间行脾切除术的患者进行回顾性调查.定义脾上下极长度≥17cm或重量≥600 g为重度脾肿大,脾上下极长度≥22 cm或重量≥1600 g为巨脾.结果 行腹腔镜脾切除术22例,开腹脾切除术21例,其中巨脾患者行腹腔镜脾切除术与开腹脾切除术分别为12例和14例.与开腹脾切除术相比,巨脾患者腹腔镜脾切除术具有术中出血少( 308 ml vs 400 ml,P=0.24),术后住院时间短(3 dvs4.5d,P=0.054)和相似的并发症发生率(17 ％vs 14％),但手术时间较长(195 minvs 105 min,P=0.008),中转开腹率25％.所有行开腹脾切除术患者中再手术2例,1例死亡.结论 重度以上脾肿大经腹腔镜脾切除手术预后优于开腹手术.经腹腔镜脾切除术与手助腹腔镜脾切除预后相当.     

内结扎法腹腔镜巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术

目的总结腹腔镜下内结扎法巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术的经验。方法采用丝线结扎结合超声刀或LigaSure，进行腹腔镜巨脾切除和选择性贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症并发食管胃底静脉曲张6例。结果6例手术全部镜下顺利完成，术中出血量80-200ml，平均130ml，无输血，无中转开腹，手术时间150-210min平均190min。无并发症，术后5天恢复正常活动。术后随访3—10个月，平均8个月，无再发出血。结论应用内结扎法腹腔镜巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症安全有效，出血少，微创。     

Laparoscopic splenectomy: size matters

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic surgery is arguably the treatment of choice for patients undergoing elective splenectomy; however, for those patients with massive splenomegaly, laparoscopic surgery may prove difficult. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 6 years' experience of elective splenectomy was reviewed, in particular looking at the outcome of laparoscopic splenectomy in relation to the degree of splenomegaly. RESULTS: The conversion rate for laparoscopic splenectomy on patients with spleens weighing less than 1 kg was 0% whereas the conversion rate for those with spleens weighing more than 1 kg was 60%. In addition, a good correlation between both operative time and intra-operative blood loss in relation to splenic weight was observed. Open splenectomy on patients with spleens weighing more than 1 kg reduced the operative time and intra-operative blood loss without affecting hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic splenectomy is the method of choice for elective splenectomy in patients with splenic weight estimated to be < 1 kg; however, the operation takes longer, there is a high risk of conversion and there is an increase in blood loss/morbidity associated with massive splenomegaly (spleen > 1 kg) if splenectomy is attempted laparoscopically.     

Massive Splenomegaly in Children: Laparoscopic Versus Open Splenectomy

Background and Objectives:

Laparoscopic splenectomy for massive splenomegaly is still a controversial procedure as compared with open splenectomy. We aimed to compare the feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy versus open splenectomy for massive splenomegaly from different surgical aspects in children.

Methods:

The data of children aged <12 years with massive splenomegaly who underwent splenectomy for hematologic disorders were retrospectively reviewed in 2 pediatric surgery centers from June 2004 until July 2012.

Results:

The study included 32 patients, 12 who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy versus 20 who underwent open splenectomy. The mean ages were 8.5 years and 8 years in the laparoscopic splenectomy group and open splenectomy group, respectively. The mean operative time was 180 minutes for laparoscopic splenectomy and 120 minutes for open splenectomy. The conversion rate was 8%. The mean amount of intraoperative blood loss was 60 mL in the laparoscopic splenectomy group versus 110 mL in the open splenectomy group. Postoperative atelectasis developed in 2 cases in the open splenectomy group (10%) and 1 case in the laparoscopic splenectomy group (8%). Oral feeding postoperatively resumed at a mean of 7.5 hours in the laparoscopic splenectomy group versus 30 hours in the open splenectomy group. The mean hospital stay was 36 hours in the laparoscopic splenectomy group versus 96 hours in the open splenectomy group. Postoperative pain was less in the laparoscopic splenectomy group.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic splenectomy for massive splenomegaly in children is safe and feasible. Although the operative time was significantly greater in the laparoscopic splenectomy group, laparoscopic splenectomy was associated with statistically significantly less pain, less blood loss, better recovery, and shorter hospital stay. Laparoscopic splenectomy for pediatric hematologic disorders should be the gold-standard approach regardless of the size of the spleen.     

Is splenectomy for massive splenomegaly safe in children?

PURPOSE: To study and analyze the causes, etiology, morbidity, mortality and therapeutic value of splenectomy performed for massive splenomegaly in children. METHODS: The medical records of 115 children less than 18 years old who had splenectomy for various hematological disorders were reviewed. Twenty of them had splenectomy for massive splenomegaly (spleen weight > or =1,000 g). The records of these were reviewed for age at operation, gender, hematological diagnosis, indication for splenectomy, operative procedures, postoperative complications, and outcome. RESULTS: Twenty children had splenectomy for massive splenomegaly. There were 16 males and 4 females. Their ages ranged from 4 to 15 years (mean 11.2). Twelve had sickle cell disease, 5 had sickle-beta-thalassemia, 1 had beta-thalassemia major, 1 had thalassemia intermediate, and 1 had chronic myeloid leukemia. The indications for splenectomy were hypersplenism in 11, recurrent splenic sequestration crisis in 8, and splenic abscess in 1. The transfusion requirements in the patient with beta-thalassemia major decreased markedly postoperatively from 18 transfusions/year to only 4 transfusions/year; and for those with hypersplenism, there was a marked improvement in their blood parameters following splenectomy. The patient with thalassemia intermediate required no more blood transfusions. There was no mortality. The immediate postoperative morbidity was 10% for those with massive splenomegaly compared with 6.3% for those with splenomegaly <1,000 g. CONCLUSIONS: With good perioperative management, splenectomy in children with massive splenomegaly is both safe and effective.     

Endo-Cutter离断脾蒂和蓝碟手助腹腔镜脾切除术12例报告

目的探讨Endo-Cutter离断脾蒂和蓝碟手助腹腔镜脾切除术的方法及f临床效果。方法采用Endo-Cutter离断脾蒂和蓝碟手助的方法对12例（7例血液病脾和5例脾良性肿瘤）施行腹腔镜脾切除术。术者左手通过蓝碟伸入腹腔，在手助下超声刀离断脾肾韧带、脾胃韧带，Endo-Cutter一次性离断脾蒂，切除脾，将脾从手助口取出。结果12例均成功完成手术，无中转开腹。手术时间35～120min，平均80min。术中出血量40～200ml，平均127ml。术后住院时间3—6d，平均4．5d。12例随访6个月，无并发症。结论采用Endo-Cutter离断脾蒂和蓝碟手助的腹腔镜脾切除术快捷、安全、出血量少，具有较高的实用价值。     

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目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除术(laparoscopic splenectomy，LS)和腹腔镜辅助脾切除术(laparoscopic assisted splenectomy，LAS)的优缺点。方法1994～2003年共实施脾切除术43例，其中采用LAS行脾切除术13例，完全在腹腔镜下行脾切除术30例，切除副牌6例，4例同时行腹腔镜胆囊切除术。结果手术均获成功，LS术后切口感染1例，并发DIC 1例，平均手术时间160min，术中失血平均120mL，术后平均住院5．4d。LAS平均手术时间132min，术中平均失血90mL，术后平均住院8．6d。结论LS和LAS均安全可行，LAS手术时间短，术中出血少，但病人住院时间长。LS费时费事，术中出血多。     

Laparoscopy Splenectomy for Massive Splenomegaly

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for massive splenomegaly in patients with hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. Method: A retrospective study of adult patients was conducted for splenectomy occurring from January 2006 to December 2010. We have performed the surgical procedures of splenectomy in 80 patients who were suffering from splenomegaly or hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, among whom 40 patients underwent LS and another 40 patients received open surgery (OS). Results: Among the patients who had undergone LS, 2 patients were converted to OS and the other 38 patients underwent complete LS. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and the length of stay in LS group and OS group were 100–200 min (mean: 150 ± 30 min) vs. 120–210 min (mean: 100 ± 30 min), 50–1,000 ml (mean: 150 ± 110 ml) vs. 60–900 ml (mean: 140 ± 50 ml) and 4–9 days (mean: 6.1 ± 2.2 days) vs. 8–14 days (mean: 11.3 ± 2.3 days), respectively. No deaths occurred in the two groups, and there are no significant differences between the two groups in terms of estimated blood loss, complications, length of stay, and operating time. Conclusion: LS for treatment of massive splenomegaly is a feasible, effective, and safe surgical technique. Hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis are not supposed to be considered absolute contraindications to LS.