急性心肌梗死延迟PCI术后自体骨髓单个核细胞移植对左室功能与心肌灌注的影响

目的:观察急性心肌梗死延迟PCI术后自体骨髓单个核细胞移植对心肌灌注及左室功能的影响.方法:20例急性心肌梗死患者在病情稳定后7～10天,行延迟PCI术.随机分成骨髓细胞移植组(10例)和对照组(10例),观察术前、术后1个月、术后6个月左心室舒张末内径(LVDd),左室射血分数(LVEF).以及术前、术后1个月的经静脉心肌超声造影(IMCE).结果:移植组LVEF由术前(37.26±4.21),1月后上升到(54.42±5.26)(P＜0.05);而对照组差异不显著[(38.86±4.63)vs(40.28±4.56)](P＞0.05).LVDd移植组术后6个月与术前比较差异不显著[(50.23±3.42)vs(52.48±3.26)](P＞0.05);而对照组[(50.96±2.68)vs(64.31±3.28)](P＜0.05),心脏有扩大趋势.经静脉心肌超声造影(IMCE),A·β(dB/s)移植组由术前的(2.37±0.16)增加到术后的(15.60±0.24);较对照组(2.06±0.12至7.98±0.23)增加更为明显(P＜0.05).结论:急性心肌梗死延迟PCI术后自体骨髓单个核细胞移植可改善患者左室收缩功能,延缓左室扩大;可改善梗死区心肌灌注,明显增加心肌血流量.     

经冠脉移植自体骨髓单个核细胞对犬心肌梗死后心功能及血管生成的影响

【目的】观察急性心肌梗死犬经冠脉移植自体骨髓单个核细胞后对心功能及血管生成的影响。【方法】结扎冠状动脉前降支建立犬急性心肌梗死模型,CM—DiI标记体外分离得到的骨髓单个核细胞bonemarrowmononuclearcell,BM—MNCs）,分为移植组（n=10）和对照组（n=6）,于心肌梗死后2h分别经冠状动脉内移植骨髓单个核细胞和生理盐水,冠状动脉结扎后2h及6周时分别测定血流动力学指标（心排m量、左心室收缩压、左心室舒张末压）。移植后6周,观察CM—Dil标记的BM—MNCs在心肌内的分布,检测心肌组织不同部位的毛细血管密度。【结果】经冠脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植后6周,梗死边缘区和梗死中心区均可见CM—DiI标记的细胞;血流动力学指标显示,移植组左室舒张末压比对照组显著降低[（5．1±3．07）mmHgVS（11．67±3．42）mmHg,P〈0．01,1mmHg=0．1333kPa],移植组心输出量比对照组显著增加[（3．1±0．89）L／minvs（2．39±0．43）L／rain,P〈0．05];BM—MNCs移植后6周,移植组有明显的血管新生,移植组梗死边缘区血管数量明显高于对照组[（19．32±2．47）vs（9．47±1．28）,P〈0．01],梗死区血管数量移植组与对照组无显著差异[（3．44±0．51）VS（3．07±03）,P〉0．05]。【结论】经冠脉移植自体骨髓单个核细胞后,可改善急性心肌梗死后心功能,促进梗死边缘区血管生成。     

骨髓单个核细胞移植对急性心梗大鼠血流动力学的影响

目的:评价局部移植骨髓单个核细胞对急性心梗大鼠缺血心肌血管生成作用及血流动力学的影响.方法:将26只Lweis大鼠随机分为移植组(n=14)及对照组(n=12),结扎大鼠左冠状动脉,建立急性心肌梗死模型.将新分离的骨髓单个核细胞注射到大鼠的缺血心肌中(对照组大鼠注射等量无菌PBS),术后4周观察心肌血管数目,结合心脏血流动力学参数评价心功能的改善情况.结果:4周后移植组与对照组相比左心室舒张末期压力明显降低(P＜0.01),压力变化率最大值(dp/dt)明显升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).移植组心肌梗死区有明显血管增生,移植组和对照组心肌血管密度分别为(23.1±1.5)和(10.5±1.8)个/HPF,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论:局部移植骨髓单个核细胞能明显促进缺血心肌新生血管生成,增加缺血区灌注,并可在一定程度上改善其血流动力学指标.     

肺动脉高压大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞功能的研究

目的检测实验性肺动脉高压大鼠骨髓内皮祖细胞（EPC）的功能,探讨肺动脉高压发病机制。方法利用野百合碱诱导大鼠发生肺动脉高压,分离骨髓单个核细胞进行体外诱导培养以获得EPC集落,并对其骨髓内皮祖细胞的集落形成能力、增殖、黏附、迁移能力进行检测。结果骨髓单个核细胞在体外培养下能够获得EPC集落,与对照组比较,肺动脉高压实验组诱导生成的EPC数量少（P〈0.05）,CD34和FLK-1阴性比例下降（分别为19.33%±3.27%vs 31.17%±4.40%和33.67%±3.50%vs 44.50%±3.78%,P均〈0.01）,细胞增殖能力下降（0.43±0.08 vs 0.64±0.07,P〈0.01）,贴壁细胞减少（6.835个±1.605个vs 10.175个±1.945个,P〈0.01）,细胞迁移能力下降（7.83个±1.94个vs 11.83个±2.48个,P〈0.05）。结论肺动脉高压的发生与骨髓内皮祖细胞功能的异常存在明显的相关性。     

脐血单个核细胞输注治疗失代偿期肝硬化的临床观察

目的：探讨人脐血单个核细胞输注治疗失代偿期肝硬化的临床效果。方法：29例失代偿期肝硬化患者,给予输注脐血单个核细胞。分别在治疗后第4、8周复查肝功能、凝血功能,记录临床症状及不良反应情况。结果：治疗组输注治疗后第8周,患者临床症状、体征改善,肝功能化验指标总胆红素水平较术前下降[（70.8±38.3）μmol/L vs（101.3±42.4）μmol/L],差异有统计学意义（P=0.035）,白蛋白水平较术前升高（29.9±4.5）g/L vs（28.6±5.2）g/L,差异有统计学意义（P=0.006）;谷丙转氨酶、胆汁酸较术前有所降低,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。凝血酶原时间下降（15.28±2.91）s vs（16.67±3.87）s,差异有统计学意义（P=0.025）,凝血功能改善。对照组治疗前后各指标均无明显改变（P〉0.05）。结论：脐血单个核细胞移植治疗可使失代偿期肝硬化患者肝功能改善,可作为肝硬化患者的临床治疗方案。     

Ghrelin对大鼠心肌梗死后血管重构的影响及机制研究

目的 研究Ghrelin在心肌梗死（MI）后大鼠心肌血管重构中的作用及其可能的机制.方法 成年SD雄性大鼠通过结扎冠状动脉前降支制作心肌梗死模型,假手术组开胸后剪开心包腔,但不结扎左前降支.心肌梗死Ghrelin组大鼠皮下注射Ghrelin,2次/d,剂量为100 μg/kg;心肌梗死盐水组皮下注射等量的生理盐水,观察4周.利用RT-PCR法检测VEGF mRNA表达,利用蛋白质印迹（Western-blot）法检测各组动物VEGF蛋白的表达,免疫组化法分析新生血管的密度.结果 心肌梗死盐水组与心肌梗死Ghrelin组24h内死亡情况分别为18.0％比16.0％（P＞ 0.05）.术后存活24h的45只动物进行Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,心肌梗死盐水组和心肌梗死Ghrelin组28 d生存率为66.1％比81.2％（P＞ 0.05）.与心肌梗死盐水组相比,Ghrelin显著增加梗死边缘区VEGF mRNA （0.65±0.05比0.35±0.03,P＜0.05）及VEGF蛋白表达水平（0.75±0.04比0.50±0.03,P＜ 0.05）.与心肌梗死盐水组相比,Ghrelin能显著增加血管α-平滑肌肌动蛋白在心肌梗死部位密度[（6.0±2.1）/mm2比（4.0±1.8）/mm2,P＜ 0.05）和在梗死边缘区密度[（25.0±9.5）/mm2比（15.0±5.7） /mm2,P＜ 0.05）.结论 Ghrelin可通过增加的VEGF表达促进血管生成,从而改善心功能、防止心脏重塑.Ghrelin可望作为心肌梗死后抑制左室重塑一种新的对策.     

人脐血单个核细胞移植对大鼠急性心肌梗死后血管再生的作用

 [目的]探讨人脐血单个核细胞移植对急性心肌梗死后血管再生的作用.[方法]雄性Wistar大鼠60只随机分为对照组（心肌梗死）和移植组（心肌梗死＋细胞移植）各30只.结扎冠状动脉左前降支制作大鼠急性心肌梗死模型,以羟乙基淀粉沉淀加密度梯度离心的方法制备人脐血单个核细胞,并以5-溴脱氧尿核苷（BrdU）标记细胞.移植组大鼠模型制作成功后即在梗死区周边注射经分离并标记的人脐血单个核细胞混悬液（2×10^5/μL）,在对照组相同位置注入等量达尔伯克必需培养基（DMEM）.移植4周后用左心导管检测血流动力学改变,并取心脏组织行抗第Ⅷ因子（vWF）和BrdU免疫组化染色,观察毛细血管密度、移植细胞成活情况.并分别在移植后第4天、第7天、第14天、第28天取梗死周边区组织作血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）RT-PCR的半定量研究.[结果]移植组移植的单个核细胞可在梗死心肌内存活.移植组比对照组心功能明显改善,左心室舒张末压（LVEDP）明显降低（21.08±8.10）mmHg vs（30.82±9.59）mmHg,P＜0.05;左心室内压力最大上升速率（＋dp/dtmax）明显增快（4.29±1.27）mmHg/ms vs（3.24±0.75）mmHg/ms,P＜0.05;最大下降速率（-dp/dtmax）亦显著提高（3.71±0.79）mmHg/ms vs（3.00±0.49）mmHg/ms,P＜0.05.移植组梗死区周边毛细血管数显著增加（5.7±0.3）/HP vs（2.3±0.4）/HP,P＜0.01.VEGF mRNA表达在移植组于第7天明显增加,并持续至第28天,对照组于第4天及第7天可见少量表达,第14天与第28天明显减弱,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.[结论]人脐血干细胞在未使用免疫抑制剂的条件下可成功移植到大鼠急性心肌梗死区,改善急性心肌梗死大鼠心功能,促进新生血管形成.     

慢性高原病骨髓细胞环氧化酶2和热休克蛋白70表达及细胞凋亡研究

目的 研究慢性高原病（chronic mountain sickness,CMS）患者骨髓单个核细胞环氧化酶-2（cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2）和热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,HSP70)的表达及骨髓细胞凋亡变化,探讨它们在CMS发生发展过程中的作用。方法 20例CMS患者（CMS组）按照《慢性高原病青海诊断标准》（西宁,2004年8月）确诊,采集CMS患者骨髓标本,用淋巴细胞分离液分离出单个核细胞,采用RT-PCR方法半定量检测CMS患者骨髓单个核细胞表面COX-2 mRNA和HSP70 mRNA的表达,同时用TUNEL技术定量研究CMS患者骨髓单个核细胞凋亡指数,并与20名健康成人（对照组）骨髓标本研究结果比较分析。结果CMS组骨髓单个核细胞COX-2 mRNA表达量（0.97±0.45）明显高于对照组（0.32±0.15）（P＜0.05）。CMS组骨髓单个核细胞HSP70 mRNA表达量为0.60±0.19,而在对照组中无表达。TUNEL技术研究发现CMS组骨髓单个核细胞凋亡指数（10.41%±3.78%）明显低于对照组 （21.12%±8.16%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。CMS组中,COX-2 mRNA、HSP70 mRNA表达量分别与血红蛋白浓度间呈正相关（r值分别为0.51及0.58, 均P＜0.05）,COX-2 mRNA与HSP70 mRNA间呈显著正相关（r=0.81, P＜0.05）,而在对照组中COX-2 mRNA表达量与血红蛋白浓度间无明显相关性（P＞0.05）。在CMS组和对照组中,骨髓单个核细胞凋亡指数与COX-2 mRNA及HSP70 mRNA表达量之间均未发现明显相关性（均为P＞0.05）。结论 CMS患者骨髓细胞COX-2和HSP70表达升高,而骨髓细胞凋亡减少,可能在慢性高原病发病过程中发挥着一定的作用。     

自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死的实验研究

目的:探讨兔自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死的效果.方法:结扎左前降支建立兔心梗模型.抽取骨髓进行干细胞分离和培养.培养基对照组的心肌瘢痕区注入培养基;间充质干细胞组注入骨髓间充质干细胞,单个核细胞组注入骨髓单个核细胞,移植4周后观察各组心功能、病理变化及细胞的存活情况.结果:间充质干细胞组和单个核细胞组移植4周后,超声检查左室射血分数、短轴缩短率均较对照组改善(P＜0.05);间充质干细胞组梗死区有细胞存活.结论:自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗急性心梗可改善心功能;骨髓间充质干细胞可在心肌内存活.     

自体骨髓单个核细胞心肌移植治疗猪慢性缺血性心脏病的实验研究

【目的】探讨自体骨髓单个核细胞心肌移植对猪慢性缺血心肌心功能的改善和促进血管新生的作用。【方法】小型猪左侧开胸在左冠状动脉回旋支起始部放置Ameroid环，4周后进行心脏超声波检测、冠状动脉造影和自体骨髓单个核细胞心肌移植，移植后4周进行心脏超声波检测，免疫组化计数血管密度。【结果】17只猪中有16只猪术后存活8周以上，活体冠状动脉造影显示左冠状动脉回旋支均闭塞。自体骨髓单个核细胞心肌移植组比对照组心功能有显著改善（P〈0．05），移植组的血管数密度显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），差异有统计学意义。【结论】自体骨髓单个核细胞心肌移植可改善慢性缺血心肌的心功能，其机理之一是通过改善缺血心肌的血供来实现。     

IMPLANTATION OF AUTOLOGOUS BONE MARROW MONONUCLEAR CELLS INTO ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM ENHANCES CORONARY CAPILLARIES AND SYSTOLIC FUNCTION IN MINISWINE

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of intracoronary implantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells （BM-MNC） in miniswine model of reperfused myocardial infarction.
Methods Sixteen miniswine myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury models made by ligation of the distal one third segment of left anterior descending artery for 90 minutes were randomized into 2 groups. In BM-MNC group （n = 9）, （3.54 ± 0.90）× 10^8 BM-MNC were intracoronary injected, and in the control group （n = 7）, phosphate buffered saline was injected by the same way. Echocardiographic and hemodynamic results, vessel density, and myocardial infarction size were evaluated and compared before and 4 weeks after cell transplantation.
Results In BM-MNC group, there were no differences between before and 4 weeks after transplantation in aspects of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular lateral and anterior septal wall thickness, cardiac output, or ＋dp/dtmax. In control group, LVEF, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular lateral and anterior septal wall thickness, cardiac output, and ＋dp/dtmax decreased significantly 4 weeks after transplantation （P 〈 0.05）. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and -dp/dtmax did not change significantly before and after cell transplantation in both groups. Capillary density in BM-MNC group was greater than that in control group [（13.39 ± 6.96）/high power field vs. （3.50 ± 1.90）/high power field, P 〈 0.05]. Infarction area assessed by tetrazolium red staining and the infarction percentage decreased in BM-MNC group compared with those in control group （P 〈 0.05）.
Conclusions Transplantation of BM-MNC into myocardium with ischemic reperfusion injury increases capillary density and decreases infarction area. It has significantly beneficial effect on cardiac systolic function rather than on diastolic function.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对心肌梗死后心脏功能及损伤血管再狭窄的影响

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)移植改善心肌梗死后心功能的变化,及其治疗的安全性.方法 建立兔右侧颈动脉粥样硬化狭窄和心肌梗死早期再灌注模型并行右侧颈动脉球囊损伤,建模后分为MSC移植组和对照组,经耳缘静脉注射MSC或等体积的磷酸盐缓冲液.移植后1周观察MSC的归巢;2周时免疫组织化学染色检测血管和心肌组织中血小板-内皮细胞黏附分子(CD31)的表达;移植后4周颈动脉造影检测血管狭窄程度,HE染色测定新生内膜面积及血管狭窄率,并同步测定心脏功能和心肌梗死面积、计数梗死心肌周围毛细血管密度.以及移植后对球囊损伤血管再狭窄产生的影响.结果 细胞移植后1周在梗死的心肌组织和损伤血管内膜均有4′,6-联脒-2-苯基吲哚二盐酸盐(DAPI)标记的MSC归巢.移植后2周MSC移植组的损伤血管内膜见CD31连续性表达,而对照组无表达.与对照组比较(50.5±3.6)%,MSC移植组血管组织增殖细胞核抗原的表达明显降低[(23.4±2.8)%,P＜0.05].4周时损伤血管的新生内膜面积(0.092±0.009比0.189±0.007,P＜0.05)及血管再狭窄率在MSC移植组[(41.7±3.7)%]明显小于对照组[(61.3±1.6)%,P＜0.05].与对照组比较,4周时MSC移植组的心功能有所改善,心肌梗死面积缩小[(21.7±2.2)%比(34.3±1.8)%,P＜0.05],梗死心肌周围新生毛细血管密度明显增加[(33.6±2.0)%比(20.8±2.6)%,P＜0.05].结论 MSC移植在改善梗死心脏功能的同时,对促进损伤血管的再内皮化和减轻新生内膜的增殖可能产生有益作用,从而有助于减轻损伤血管的再狭窄.

Abstract：

Objective Although earlier studies have shown that the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might improve cardiac functions after myocardial infraction, its role on vascular restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains controversial.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MSCs on the restenosis of injured artery following balloon angioplasty in a rabbit model with both myocardial infarction reperfusion and atherosclerotic stenosis cardotid artery by balloon injury.Methods After the animal model was established for myocardial infraction reperfusion and atherosclerotic stenosis cardotid artery by balloon injury, the rabbits received an intravenous transplantation of MSCs.And an equal volume of phosphate buffered solution was administered for the control group.The animal vascular tissue and myocardium tissue were excised at different time points post-transplantation and used to detect the homing of MSCs and the expressions of playlet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by immunohistochemical staining.Four weeks later, vascular restenosis was analyzed by angiography of bilateral carotid arteries and the vascular tissues were used for histological studies.Results At one week post-transplantation, the 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-labeled MSCs could be detected in myocardial infarction and injured intima.And the intimal expression of CD31 was observed at 2 weeks in the MSCs transplantation group.Yet the expression of PCNA was significantly lower in the MSCs transplantation group than that in the control group (50.5% ± 3.6% vs 23.4% ±2.8%, P ＜0.05).At 4 week post-transplantation, the neointimal area of injured vessels and the vascular restenosis were significantly lower in the MSCs transplantation group than those in the control group (0.092±0.009 vs0.189 ±0.007, P＜0.05;41.7 ±3.7 vs 61.3 ±1.6, P＜0.05).Furthermore the MSCs transplantation group demonstrated improved cardiac functions, reduced myocardial infarct size (21.7% ±2.2% vs 34.3% ± 1.8%, P ＜ 0.05) and significantly increased capillary density around infarction foci (33.6% ±2.1% vs 20.8% ±2.6%, P ＜0.05 ) versus the control group.Conclusion The transplantation of MSCs plays significant roles in cardiac repairing in terms of improved cardiac functions, accelerated repair of injured vessels, suppression of neointimal hyperplasia and reduced restenosis of injured vessels.     

替格瑞洛辅助急诊PCI治疗STEMI对患者心室重构影响情况分析

目的 探讨ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)行急诊经皮冠脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)患者加用替格瑞洛治疗的临床效果及对患者心室重构的影响.方法 选取我院急诊PCI手术治疗的STEMI患者120例(2014年1月至2016年8月)进行回顾性分析,患者均急诊PCI手术,根据治疗药物分为两组,60例患者术前及术后均给予替格瑞洛(替格瑞洛组)、60例患者术前及术后均给予氯吡格雷(氯吡格雷组),对比两组患者术后心室重构指标、心电图等指标.结果 术后12周,替格瑞洛组LVEDd (49.1±5.4)mm、LVESD (40.6±4.6)mm、LVMI(112.8±11.0) g/m2、LVMW(140.7 ±18.5)g低于氯吡格雷组患者LVEDd(53.1±4.6) mm、LVESD (43.9±4.7) mm、LVMI(118.2 ±9.4)g/m2、LVMW(153.0±21.3) g(t =4.638、t=3.887、t=2.891、t =2.198,P均＜0.05),两组患者的LVEF值差异无统计学意义(t=1.064,P ＞0.05);术后12周,替格瑞洛组Tp-e(114.2±12.7) ms、Tp-e/QTc(0.20±0.05)低于氯吡格雷组患者Tp-e(120.6±13.9)ms、Tp-e/QTc (0.25±0.07)(t=2.633、t=4.502,P ＜0.05);替格瑞洛组的不良心血管事件发生率6.67％与氯吡格雷组的13.33％比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=1.481,P＞0.05).讨论 STEMI行PCI患者加用替格瑞洛治疗能有效减轻心室重构,改善心电图指标.     

3．0T MRI 评价心脏正常结构及功能的实验研究

目的:探讨心脏磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance imaging,CMRI)电影成像对于评价中国小型猪心脏结构及功能的价值。方法:应用快速稳态平衡进动(fast imaging employing stead-state acquisition,FIESTA)电影序列对15只健康中国小型猪进行CMRI检查,图像经Segment进行分析,并测量左室室壁厚度,左、右心室收缩及舒张末期容积,肺动脉主干管径,并将CMRI测量的结果与心脏超声(cardiac ultra sound,CUS)所测量的对应的左室室壁厚度,左、右室收缩及舒张末期容积,肺动脉主干管径进行相关性研究。此外,还用MRI测量舒张末期左、右心室肌质量。结果:(1)CMRI测得的舒张末期右心室肌质量,舒张末期左心室肌质量,舒张末期右心室与左心室肌质量比,右室舒张末期长、短径,右室舒张末期容积,右室射血分数,左室射血分数结果分别为(10±1)g,(38±2)g,0.25±0.03,(51.4±3.8)mm,(26.8±2.9)mm,(54±4)m L,0.54±0.04,0.53±0.06。(2)CMRI测得的室间隔厚度,左室后壁厚度,左室舒张末期内径,左室收缩末期内径及主肺动脉干管径分别为(9.8±0.8)mm,(8.1±0.9)mm,(38.7±1.3)mm,(27.6±1.9)mm,(18.9±1.1)mm,CUS测得的相应值分别为(9.3±0.5)mm,(9.1±0.9)mm,(36.7±1.3)mm,(24.3±2.5)mm,(16.3±1.2)mm,CMRI测定的相应值均高于CUS测得的相应值,但两种技术下测得的结果具有良好相关性(r依次为0.976、0.860、0.849、0.699和0.720,均有P<0.05)。结论:CMRI是无创性评价心脏左右心室形态及功能的检查方法。     

原发性高血压患者血压晨峰与心律失常及心肌缺血的关系

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者血压晨峰对心脏重构以及心血管事件的影响。方法2006年2月至2009年1月在本院就诊的高血压病患者中,按就诊顺序连续入选386例高血压患者,根据动态血压检测结果,分为晨峰组（146例）和非晨峰组（240例）,均同步记录24h动态血压和动态心电图,观察24h动态血压参数,24h动态心电图检出的房性、室性心律失常及ST段偏移;行超声心动图检测左室质量指数（LVMI）、左房内径等指标。结果晨峰组与非晨峰组LVMI分别为（119±21）g／m^2和（93±12）g／m^2（P〈0．01）;左房内径分别为（46±11）mm与（38±10）mm（P〈0．05）;房性早搏检出率分别为98．6％与84．2％（P〈0．05）;房性心动过速检出率分别为54．1％与20．8％（P〈0．01）;心房颤动检出率分别为24．0％与0（P〈0．01）;室性早搏和室性心动过速的检出率分别为79．5％与57．9％（P〈0．05）和6．8％与2．5％（P〈0．05）;检出ST段水平型压低率分别为33．6％与13．8％（P〈0．01）。两组左室肥厚的检出率分别为67．1％与30．4％（P〈0．01）。53．2％的心律失常和57．6％的ST段压低发作出现在清晨6：00～8：00。相关分析表明,清晨血压和血压晨峰升高与对应时域ST段压低呈正相关。结论与无血压晨峰的高血压病患者相比,具有血压晨峰的高血压患者左心室肥厚更显著,心律失常和心肌缺血更常见,且多出现在清晨。     

通心络干预心肌梗死后心室重构的临床多中心研究

目的 观察中药通心络治疗对急性心肌梗死(AMI)后心室重构的影响.方法 采用多中心的临床研究方法,将70例AMI患者按双盲法纳入通心络组(35例)和对照组(35例),对照组按指南进行常规药物治疗,通心络组在常规药治疗的基础上,给予通心络胶囊(3粒,3次/日),服用6周.治疗前后用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪分别检测心室结构、心室质量和心室功能等相关指标的变化,同时运用放射免疫法测定两组治疗前后血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ与内皮素1含量的变化.结果 通心络治疗6周后,舒张末期室间隔厚度(LVPWTD)、舒张末期左室后壁厚度(LVESD)、左房内径(LAD)改善优于治疗前[(0.90±0.07)cm vs(0.93±0.09)cm、(3.38±0.33)cm vs(3.71±0.19)cm、(3.49±0.50)cm vs(3.21±0.29)cm]及对照组[(0.95±0.08)cm、(3.62±0.46)cm、(3.82±0.30)cm,均P<0.05];通心络组EF值改善优于治疗前[(63±7)%vs(52±6)%]及对照组治疗后[(59±8)%,P<0.05];通心络组血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)比治疗前明显减少[(55±8)ng/L vs(79±8)ng/L],与对照组[(54±8)ng/L]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在常规治疗的基础上加用通心络胶囊可在一定程度上干预AMI患者的左心室重构,改善患者的心功能对AMI的预后有积极作用.     

Improvement of cardiac function after transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Background The infarct size determines the long-term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). There is a growing interest in repairing scar area by transplanting bone marrow stem cells. However, effectiveness of intracoronary injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in patients with AMI still remains unclear.Methods Sixty-nine patients with AMI after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly divided into intracoronary injection of BMSCs (n=34) and saline (control group, n=35) groups. Serial single positron emission computer tomography (SPECT), cardiac echo and cardiac electromechanical mapping were done at the designed time intervals until six months after transplantation of BMSCs or injection of saline. Results The proportion with functional defect decreased significantly in the BMSCs patients after three months ［(13±5)%］ compared with that pre-transplantation ［(32±11)%］ and the control group ［(28±10)%］ at three month follow-up (P&lt;0.05, respectively). Wall movement velocity over the infracted region increased significantly in the BMSCs group ［(4.2±2.5) cm/s vs (2.2±1.3) cm/s, P&lt;0.05］, but not in the control group ［(2.2±1.5) cm/s vs (2.7±1.7) cm/s, P&gt;0.05］. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) three months after transplantation in BMSCs group increased significantly compared with that pre-implantation and with that of the control group at three months post-injection ［(67±11)% vs (49±9)% and (53±8)%, P&lt;0.05 respectively］. SPECT scan results showed that perfusion defect was improved significantly in BMSCs group at three-month follow-up compared with that in the control group ［(134±66)cm2 vs (185±87)cm2, P&lt;0.01］. At the same time, left ventricular end-diastolic volume ［(136±31) ml vs (162±27) ml, P&lt;0.05］ and end-systolic volume ［(63±20) ml vs (88±19) ml, P&lt;0.05］ decreased synchronously. The ratio of end-systolic pressure to end-systolic volume ［Psyst/ESV, (2.84±1.30) mmHg/ml vs (1.72±1.23) mmHg/ml, P&lt;0.05］ increased significantly. Cardiac electromechnical mapping demonstrated significant improvement at three months after implantation of BMSCs compared with that pre-injection in both cardiac mechanical capability as left line local shorting ［LLS, (11.29±1.64)% vs (7.32±1.86)%, P&lt;0.05］ and electrical property as left ventricular endocardial unipolar voltage ［UV, (10.38±1.12) mV vs (7.61±1.09) mV, P&lt;0.01］; perfusion defect decreased from (36.2±6.2) % to (20.3±5.31)% (P&lt;0.01). Twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic monitoring demonstrated no arrhythmias occurred at three-months follow-up.Conclusions The transplantation of BMSCs might improve the cardiac function and it is safe and feasible with no deaths or malignant arrhythmias.     

心率变异性与平滑指数对高血压左室肥厚逆转的影响

目的 探讨心率变异性(HRV)与平滑指数(SI)对高血压左室肥厚(LVH)逆转的影响.方法 选择未经治疗的高血压病LVH患者127例,给予口服海捷亚1片/d+美托洛尔(12.5～50 mg/次,2次/d).观察治疗20周前后坐位血压、超声心动图[主要检测舒张期左室后壁厚度(PWT)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)与左室收缩末期内径(LVDs)等并计算左室质量指数(LVMI)]、24 h动态血压监测(ABPM)[主要包括24 h平均压、白昼平均压与夜间平均压等,并计算谷峰比值(T/P)与SI]、24 h动态心电图[主要测定时域指标中的SDNN(全部正常窦性心搏间期的标准差)、RMSSD(全部窦性心搏间期差的均方根)、PNN50(相邻正常窦性心搏问期差＞50ms的心搏数占全部心搏数的百分比)和频域指标中的低频(LF)、高频(HF)及LF/HF]等相关指标的变化.结果 20周后患者坐位血压明显下降Sbp(158.7±12.1)mm Hg与(132.2±14.0)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa);Dbp(97.2±7.7)与(86.4±6.5)mm Hg,P＜0.001;超声心动图相关参数及LVMI明显下降[LVMI(128.9±32.4)g/m2与(118.4±31.1)g/m2,P＜0.01];24 h动态血压监测相关指标明显下降[24 h平均收缩压(146.2±10.1)mm Hg与(129.7±6.1)mm Hg,P＜0.001;24 h平均舒张压(93.5±5.5)mm Hg与(81.8±6.7)mm Hg,P＜0.01;白昼平均收缩压(149.5±8.7)mm Hg与(133.6±6.3)mm Hg,P＜0.001;白昼平均舒张压(94.7±5.0)mm Hg与(83.6±7.0)mm Hg,P＜0.001;夜间平均收缩压(137.2±8.7)mm Hg与(122.7±7.6)mm Hg,P＜0.001;夜间平均舒张压(86.7±6.2)mm Hg与(72.8±5.5)mm Hg,P＜0.001].治疗后收缩压与舒张压的T/P值分别为0.79和0.71,治疗后收缩压与舒张压的SI值分别为1.4±0.5和1.2±0.6.而反映HRV变化的指标中SDNN、RMSSD、PNN50与HF明显增加[SDNN(97.3±16.7)ms与(152.3±34.2)ms,P＜0.01;RMSSD(21.3±8.7)ms与(41.9±10.4)ms,P＜0.001;PNN50(3.2±1.2)与5.9±2.2;P＜0.01;HF(239.8±98.3)ms2/Hz与(367.3±188.4)ms2/Hz,P＜0.01],LF和LF/HF明显下降[LF(485.2±217.3)ms2/Hz与(287.9±128.6)ms2/Hz,P＜0.01;LF/HF(2.03±0.56)与(0.79±0.38),P＜0.001].结论 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂+利尿剂+β1受体阻滞剂可平稳降低高血压LVH患者的血压、改善其心率变异性、逆转LVH.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship of reversal of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with heart rate variability (HRV) and smoothness index (SI).Methods A total of 127 patients with untreated essential hypertension associated with LVH were enrolled to receive a 20-week treatment.The drugs included losartan potassium & hydrochlorothiazide (1 tablet/day ) and metoprolol (12.5 mg- 50 mg twice daily).The sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP & DBP),M-mode and pulsed Doppler echocardiography,24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and 24-hour ambulatory ECG (Holter) were performed at pre- and post-treatment.The changes in various parameters such as echocardiography left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVDs),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and the thickness of interventricular septum (IVST) and posterior wall (PWT) were measured.And left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and smoothness index (SI) were also examined.The evaluated parameters of ABPM were average 24-hour,daytime and nighttime SBP & DBP.As to 24-hour ambulatory ECG (Holter),the parameters were standard deviation of normal to normal intervals (SDNN),rate mean square of the differences of successive RR intervals ( RMSSD ) ,percentage of RR intervals differing ＞50 ms (PNN50),high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF).Results After a 20-week treatment,the levels of sitting blood pressure(SBP 158.72 ± 12.11 mm Hg vs 132.21 ± 14.03 mm Hg;DBP 97.20 ± 7.71 vs 86.36 ± 6.48 mm Hg,P ＜ 0.001 ),parameters of 24-hour ABPM (24-hour mean SBP146.20 ±10.11 mm Hg vs 129.68 ±6.12 mm Hg,P＜0.001;24-hour mean DBP93.45 ±5.46mm Hg vs 81.77 ±6.71 mm Hg,P ＜0.01;daytime mean SBP 149.53 ±8.67 mm Hg vs 133.60 ±6.27mm Hg,P＜0.001;daytime mean DBP 94.68 ±4.96 mm Hg vs 83.55 ±7.03 mm Hg,P＜0.001;nighttime mean SBP 137.21 ± 8.73 mm Hg vs 122.74 ± 7.58 mm Hg,P ＜ 0.001;nighttime mean DBP 86.75 ±6.22 mm Hg vs 72.81 ±5.47 mm Hg,P ＜0.001 ) and LVMI significantly decreased ( 128.90 ±32.35 g/m2 vs 118.39 ± 31.10 g/m2,P ＜ 0.01 ) while the indicators of HRV changes such as SDNN,RMSSD,PNN50 and HF significantly increased( SDNN 97.28 ± 16.67 ms vs 152.27 ± 34.23 ms,P ＜0.01;RMSSD 21.32±8.70 ms vs 41.91 ±10.38 ms,P ＜0.001;PNN50 3.17 ±1.23 vs 5.89 ±2.18,P ＜ 0.01;HF 239.82 ± 98.26 ms2/Hz vs 367.32 ± 188.37 ms2/Hz,P ＜ 0.01 ) accompanied by the decreases in LF and LF/HF( LF 485.22 ±217.34 ms2/Hz vs 287.94 ± 128.61 ms2/Hz,P ＜0.01;LF/HF 2.03 ±0.56 vs 0.79 ± 0.38,P ＜ 0.001 ).The post-treatment SIs of SBP and DBP were 1.35 and 1.2 respectively.Conclusion The combination treatment of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker ( ARB ),diuretics and β1-receptor blockers can lower the blood pressures stably,improve heart rate variability and lead to a reversal of hypertensive LVH.     

心脏交感神经对自发性高血压大鼠心脏的影响研究

目的 探讨心脏交感神经对自发性高血压大鼠心脏的影响。方法 选取6～7周龄自发性高血压雄性大鼠30只,按照随机数表法分为观察组与对照组,各15只。观察组大鼠予以交感神经节切除术,对照组大鼠暴露颈中交感神经节。比较2组大鼠心率、血压、左心室舒张、收缩末期内径、左心室射血分数(LVEF)以及心肌胶原组织Ⅰ、心肌胶原组织Ⅲ、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、去甲肾上腺素转运蛋白(NET)mRNA表达水平。结果 观察组心率明显低于对照组[(374.48±17.46)次/min vs.(403.12±14.56)次/min,t=4.879,P<0.05];观察组大鼠左心室舒张末期内径及左心室收缩末期内径明显大于对照组大鼠[(4.97±0.52)mm vs.(4.51±0.45)mm,(3.06±0.23)mm vs.(2.57±0.17)mm,t=2.591、6.635,均P<0.05],LVEF明显低于对照组[(71.48±4.46)%vs.(80.12±3.56)%,t=5.864,P<0.05];观察组大鼠NET mRNA表达明显高于对照组(1.507±0.054 vs. 1....