社区老年心血管患者健康教育探讨

目的:向社区老年人进行有规划的心血管疾病健康教育,提升社区老年心血管患者的防治意识与自我监护意识。方法:对社区有心血管疾病的老年患者进行健康教育,通过"集体讲座、健康宣传栏、健康档案"等措施提升社区老年心血管患者的防治意识与自我监护意识,控制与稳定老年病患的病情,防范各类并发症的出现。结果:社区医生通过向老年病患普及心血管疾病的防治知识,通过"饮食教育、锻炼教育"帮助老年病患建立良好的生活行为方式。结论:有效提升老年病患的生活质量。     

老年心血管患者疗养期间的健康教育与用药分析

目的在老年心血管患者疗养期间对其开展健康教育以提升其健康意识。方法本文选取调查统计2010年期间的疗养的84例老年心血管患者临床数据资料进行相关统计分析,通过饮食教育、锻炼教育、用药指导为其建立良好的生活方式。结论在老年心血管患者疗养期间进行针对性的健康教育与用药指导能够促进其全面认识了解心血管疾病的危害并增强其预防保健意识。     

心血管病的社区健康教育

目的：探讨社区健康教育活动对心血管病的防治作用。方法：成立医院社区健康教育小组,定期到各社区开展健康教育活动。在社区宣传栏张贴有关的心血管病防治知识或图片。定期社区现场宣传、讲授心血管病的防治、保健知识,倡导健康生活方式,详细解答疾病防治的有关问题。通过社区健康教育问卷调查,评价活动效果。结果：社区健康教育活动能提高社区人群对心血管病的防治意识;自觉纠正不良的行为、生活习惯;有助于稳定心血管病患者的病情,降低其再住院率。结论：社区心血管病健康教育活动对心血管疾病有防治作用。     

健康教育在老年心血管疾病患者临床护理中的作用

目的研究对老年心血管疾病病患采取健康教育的意义。方法随机选取90例在我院进行治疗的心血管疾病病患,将其随机平均分为两组,对照组与观察组每组45例,对对照组病患采取常规护理措施,在此基础上给予观察组病患健康教育措施,并对两组病患的临床效果进行比较。结果比较两组病患的生活质量、并发症发生率及病患满意度,观察组病患均明显比对照组病患好(P0.05),在统计学上有意义。结论对老年心血管疾病病患采取健康教育能显著提高病患的生活质量及病患满意度,具有重大意义。     

社区护理干预及健康教育对老年糖尿病患者的意义

目的:探讨老年糖尿病患者社区护理干预的具体措施,分析其健康教育开展现状。方法:通过对我院所属的社区老年糖尿病患者进行健康教育,开展护理干预等,总结分析老年糖尿病患者的社区护理干预及健康教育开展情况。结果:老年糖尿病患者的疾病知识知晓率、健康教育内容知晓率、生活质量等均显著升高。结论:应高度重视老年糖尿病患者的社区护理干预和健康宣教现状,进一步完善干预措施和健康教育内容,提高包括老年糖尿病患者在内的全体社区居民的自我检测和管理意识,提高生活质量。     

心血管病的社区健康教育

目的:探讨社区健康教育活动对心血管病的防治作用。方法:成立医院社区健康教育小组,定期到各社区开展健康教育活动。在社区宣传栏张贴有关的心血管病防治知识或图片。定期社区现场宣传、讲授心血管病的防治、保健知识,倡导健康生活方式,详细解答疾病防治的有关问题。通过社区健康教育问卷调查,评价活动效果。结果:社区健康教育活动能提高社区人群对心血管病的防治意识;自觉纠正不良的行为、生活习惯;有助于稳定心血管病患者的病情,降低其再住院率。结论:社区心血管病健康教育活动对心血管疾病有防治作用。     

浅谈高血压人群的社区健康教育

高血压是最常见的心血管疾病之一,是一种高发病率、高死亡率和高致残率的疾病,严重威胁着人们的健康和生活质量。据国内外经验表明,控制高血压最有效的方法是社区防治,因此,在社区中开展科学有效的防治高血压健康教育,可大大提高社区人群对高血压的知晓率和控制率,促使高血压患者延缓病情进展,降低复发率,减少并发症,提高自我健康意识。     

社区护理干预对老年高血压患者生活质量的影响分析

目的:探讨分析社区护理干预对于老年高血压病患生活质量的影响。方法:从2011年12月到2013年12月共收治1050例高血压老年病患,均采取社区护理进行干预,并对比所有患者经社区护理干预前后包括健康感觉、睡眠状态、躯体感觉感、认识功能在内的多方面生活质量指标。结果:所有患者经社区护理后,包括健康感觉、睡眠状态、躯体感觉感、认识功能在内的多方面生活质量指标较护理干预前均有明显改善,患者生活质量得到显著提高(p0.05)结论:社区护理干预可有效提高老年高血压病患的生活质量,提升患者依从性,优化医患关系,减少纠纷,值得推广。     

社区护士重视社区老年人平时心血管疾病防治的干预

目的 向辖区老年人进行有目的 、有计划的心血管疾病防治干预,为调动老人们强健身体、预防疾病的主观能动性.方法 进行三个月有计划的心血管疾病防治干预,在干预前后向辖区60岁以上老年入发放"干预前后老人心血管疾病防治健康知识知晓率调查表"和"干预前后老人参加户外活动情况调查表"等表格,比较干预前后老年人对心血管疾病防治健康知识和健康行为的认知情况.结果 收集干预前后的资料分别为对照组和实验组资料,两组数据统计结果经卡方检验有显著差异(P< 0.005).结论 社区护士向老人普及心血管疾病防治知识,帮助人们建立健康的行为和生活方式,对提高老年人群的生活质量很有效.     

自我效能理论在社区老年糖尿病中的应用

目的城市老年人群糖尿病的患病率正逐年增长,已经成为主要的社会和家庭负担,在进行积极有效的治疗的同时,通过加强健康教育管理,提高老年糖尿病患者的自我效能水平,可以有效地改善患者的生活质量,减少并发症的出现。方法选择江苏省徐州市某一社区,以60岁以上的老年糖尿病患者为研究对象,通过自我效能量表进行问卷调查,以Cronbach＇s系数作为评价标准。结果共发放121份调查问卷,收回有效问卷109份,通过Cronbach＇s系数显示社区老年糖尿病患者自我效能状况低于成人自我效能的综合均分,说明社区老年糖尿病患者的自我效能水平不够理想,这一方面与受教育水平、月收入、是否参加健康教育有相关性。结论自我效能理论是提高社区老年糖尿病患者生活质量、减少并发症的有效护理健康手段。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.