颈外动脉栓塞术联合鼻内镜切除富血供鼻咽部血管纤维瘤

目的评价颈外动脉栓塞术联合鼻内镜切除术治疗富血供鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的临床疗效,并与单纯鼻内镜切除术进行对比分析。资料与方法搜集本院收治的富血供鼻咽部血管纤维瘤患者33例,其中采用颈外动脉栓塞术联合鼻内镜切除术治疗20例(A组),单纯鼻内镜切除术治疗13例(B组),回顾性分析两组病例切除术中失血量、手术时间、术后住院时间等差异,对术后1年复发情况进行随访。结果 A组切除术中失血量为(154.5±84.3)ml,手术时间为(75.0±30.9)min,术后住院时间为(3.5±1.3)天,动脉栓塞术后6例发生轻度并发症,经对症治疗后消失,随访1年有1例复发;B组切除术中失血量为(623.1±142.3)ml,手术时间为(100.8±62.2)min,术后住院时间为(5.7±2.1)天,随访1年有1例复发。结论颈外动脉栓塞术联合鼻内镜切除术是治疗富血供鼻咽部血管纤维瘤微创、安全、有效的方法,与单纯鼻内镜切除术相比,具有术中失血量少、手术时间短、术后恢复快的优势。     

超选择性颈外动脉栓塞在鼻咽纤维血管瘤术前的应用

目的：探讨鼻咽部纤维血管瘤术前治疗的方法，ＤＳＡ表现及可能发生的并发症，材料与方法：采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ‘ｓ用明胶海绵栓塞鼻咽部血管的供血血管，结果：７例患者栓塞后术出血明显减少，手术视野清晰，手术时间缩短。结论：超选择性颈外动脉栓塞可以提高肿瘤切除率，可以在临床上推广应用。     

超选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术在头面部肿瘤术前的应用

探讨头面部肿瘤ＤＳＡ表现，术前治疗方法及并发症。材料与方法，采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ’ｓ法，以明胆海绵为栓塞材料１５例头面部肿瘤进行供血动脉超选择性栓塞。结果１５例患者在栓塞后术中出血明显减少，肿瘤切除率提高。结论超选择性颈外动脉栓塞术效果可靠２，使手术切除更为安全，可在临床推广应用。     

选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术在口腔深部肿瘤切除术前的应用

目的　探讨口腔深部肿瘤术前介入治疗方法及并发症。方法　采用Seldinger’s法 ,以明胶海绵为栓塞材料 ,对 18例口腔深部肿瘤患者进行手术前肿瘤供血动脉选择性栓塞术。结果　 18例患者在栓塞术后手术切除过程中出血明显减少 ,肿瘤切除率提高 ,并发症率降低。结论　选择性颈外动脉分支术前栓塞术操作简便 ,效果可靠 ,使口腔深部肿瘤手术切除更为安全     

Preoperative Direct Puncture Embolization of Advanced Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma in Combination with Transarterial Embolization: An Analysis of 22 Consecutive Patients

Objective

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical application of preoperative auxiliary embolization for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) by direct puncture embolization (DPE) of the tumor in combination with transarterial embolization (TAE).

Methods

The study included 22 patients. An 18-gauge needle was used to puncture directly into the tumor, and 20–25 % N-butyl cyanoacrylate was injected under the guidance of fluoroscopy after confirming the placement of the needle into the JNA and no leaking into the surrounding tissue. Tumors were obstructed later via TAE.

Results

The supplying arteries of JNA were from branches of the internal carotid and external carotid arteries. Control angiography showed the obliteration of contrast stain in the entire tumor mass and the distal supplying arteries disappeared after DPE in combination with TAE. Surgical resection was performed within 4 days after embolization and none of the patients required blood transfusion.

Conclusions

The use of DPE in combination with TAE was a safe, feasible, and efficacious method. It can devascularize effectively the JNAs and reduce intraoperative bleeding when JNAs are extirpated.     

Preoperative Transarterial Embolization of Advanced Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Using n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate: Case-Control Comparison with Microspheres

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial embolization (TAE) with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (nBCA) for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA).Materials and MethodsA retrospective review was performed on patients with JNA who underwent TAE and endoscopic resection between 2020 and 2022. Patients embolized with nBCA were identified, and those embolized with microspheres were set as the control group. Data on demographics, symptoms, tumor characteristics, blood loss, adverse events, residual disease, and recurrence were collected, and case-control analysis was performed for the 2 groups. Differences in characteristics between the groups were tested using the Fisher exact and Wilcoxon tests. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to analyze the univariate and multivariate influences on blood loss.ResultsTwenty patients were included in this study: 13 in the microsphere group and 7 in the nBCA group. The median blood loss was 400 mL (interquartile range [IQR], 200–520 mL) in the nBCA group and 1,000 mL (IQR, 500–1,000 mL) in the microsphere group (P = .028). The GLM confirmed lower blood loss in the nBCA group (relative risk, 0.58 [0.41–0.83]; P = .01). A residual tumor was found in 1 patient in each group (7.7% vs 14.3%; P = 1.000). Recurrence was not observed in any patient. None of the patients experienced adverse events during embolization.ConclusionsTAE of advanced JNA with nBCA glue is safe and effective and can significantly reduce intraoperative blood loss compared with microspheres.     

颈外动脉栓塞治疗顽固性鼻出血24例

我院自1995年以来,行颈外动脉超选栓塞治疗顽固性鼻出血24例,取得良好效果,现总结如下。1　资料24例顽固性鼻出血,男性18例,女性6例,男女之比为3:1,年龄最大者76岁,最小者为30岁,平均年龄48岁,其中有4例为二次就诊,本组病例均经后鼻腔填塞治疗无效。24例经临床诊断11例高血压性鼻出血,7例血管畸形,2例小动脉瘤破裂,1例外伤性鼻出血,1例鼻部血管纤维瘤,2例不明原因性鼻出血。2　方法常规消毒铺单行局麻后,经股动脉穿刺,运用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术,将4-5Ｆ猎人头或超滑猎人头导管选择性置于颈外动脉主干,行造影并ＤＳＡ摄片。在ＤＳＡ下观察…     

Anomalous External Carotid Artery-Internal Carotid Artery Anastomosis in Two Patients with Proximal Internal Carotid Arterial Remnants

Two angiographic instances of anomalous external carotid artery (ECA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) anastomosis are described, each occurring at the C2-3 level and bearing remnants of proximal ICA. The ICA remnant of one patient (identifiable immediately upon bifurcation of the common carotid artery) was hypoplastic, and that of the other patient was an occluded arterial stump. These features are not typical of non-bifurcating ICA. The occipital artery originated from an anomalous connection in one instance and from the main trunk of the ECA (just past the ECA-ICA connection) in the other.     

脾动脉供血在肝癌介入栓塞治疗中的价值

目的 探讨脾动脉在肝癌供血中的DSA表现和治疗价值.方法 3例肝癌患者在栓塞治疗中行DSA检查发现肿瘤有脾动脉供血,对DSA影像特点进行分析,并同时进行超选择动脉栓塞治疗.结果 3例肝癌患者经超选择性栓塞治疗后,所有病例的供血血管均显著减少,病灶均明显缩小.结论 脾动脉供血型肝癌是一种比较少见的肝动脉变异性供血,熟悉其血管变异的特点对肝动脉化疗栓塞术具有重要的意义.     

血管内栓塞治疗颈内动脉海绵窦瘘

目的　探讨颈内动脉海绵窦瘘 (CCF)血管内栓塞治疗的效果。方法　 5例均经DSA全脑血管造影明确瘘口部位 ,采用可脱性球囊或电致血凝性可脱性铂金弹簧圈 (GDC)进行栓塞。结果　 5例中 ,1例球囊栓塞成功并保持颈内动脉通畅 ;2例表现为假性动脉瘤 ,用球囊闭塞患侧颈内动脉 ;1例因瘘口太小 ,用GDC填塞海绵窦 ;另 1例 2次试放球囊入海绵窦均破裂失败 ,其中 1枚瘪陷球囊滞留于海绵窦 ,患者不愿闭塞患侧颈内动脉未予进一步治疗 ,但患者治疗术后 1周临床症状和体征消失。结论　颈内动脉海绵窦瘘全脑血管造影可明确瘘口部位、大小 ,首选治疗方法是血管内栓塞治疗。     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的临床应用研究

分析子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的有效性和安全性。材料和方法：５１例子宫肌瘤行子宫通读动脉栓塞治疗,分别于栓塞后１、３、６、１２个月行Ｂ超随访肿瘤体积变化。结果：现例均无子宫坏死一严重并发症。栓塞后６个月,肿瘤体积缩小大于５０％、２０％￣５０％和小于２０％者分别为４１例（占８０．４％）、９例（１７．６％）和１例（占２％）,其中２例肿瘤全部消失。所有病例临床症状减轻或消失。４例自然受孕。结论：子宫动脉栓     

经子宫动脉一次性灌注氨甲喋呤及栓塞治疗输卵管妊娠

探讨输卵管妊娠的血供特征及子宫动脉一次性灌注氨甲喋呤(MTX)及栓塞的临床疗效。材料与方法24 例输卵管妊娠(未破裂者10例,发生流产或破裂者14例)行子宫动脉造影并灌注MTX50～80rg及明胶海绵颗粒栓塞, 术后定时监测尿人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)及肿块变化。6例未破裂者,治疗前行彩色多普勒超声观察宫旁肿块血流 特征。结果宫旁肿块为富血管染色,具有较低血流阻力指数(RI0.37)。21例治疗成功,成功率为87.5％。3例失败,其 中2例术前尿β-hCS＞10×103IU/L。影响治疗成功的主要因素为术前尿β-hCG水平,而与孕龄、包块大小及破裂与否无 明显关系。结论经子宫动脉一次性灌注氨甲喋呤及栓塞治疗输卵管妊娠安全有效,且可预防和控制破裂大出血。     

产后大出血超选择性动脉插管栓塞治疗研究

产后大出血死亡率较高 ,传统保守治疗成功率低 ,手术治疗创伤大并发症多 ,而且永久丧失生育能力。经皮穿刺超选择动脉插管栓塞 ,为治疗产后大出血开辟了一条新途径。本组报道超选择性动脉栓塞治疗产后大出血 18例 ,并讨论其疗效、安全性及并发症。1　材料和方法本组 18例 ,年龄 2 1～ 2 6岁 ,平均 2 3岁。产道撕裂 6例 ,子宫收缩乏力 3例 ,胎盘碎片滞留 4例 ,剖宫产后子宫切口裂开 5例。出血量 2 0 0 0～ 40 0 0ml ,平均 3 2 0 0ml ,出血时间 4～ 16h。 6例处于休克状态。行改良Seldinger前壁穿刺经右股动脉插入5F -Cobra导管 ,插至左髂内…     

Treatment of Uterine Artery Vasospasm with Transdermal Nitroglycerin Ointment During Uterine Artery Embolization

Uterine artery vasospasm can complicate uterine artery embolization (UAE) by prolonging procedure times or even causing treatment failure. Embolization must be delayed until the spasm improves and adequate antegrade flow in the vessel is restored. Vasospasm can also produce a “false endpoint” to the procedure, where stasis of flow in the vessel is falsely attributed to successful embolization but is actually the result of vasospasm, leading to undertreatment or treatment failure. Traditional treatments for uterine artery vasospasm have included transcatheter intra-arterial vasodilators and catheter withdrawal from the vessel, both of which can yield mixed results. We report a case of uterine artery vasospasm during UAE successfully treated with transdermal nitroglycerine ointment. Case Report     

可脱球囊治疗外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘

目的：研究外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘的栓塞治疗。材料与方法：本文对5例外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘患者施行了血管内介入栓塞术。所有患者均于手术前行Matas试验。结果：4例患者经可脱球囊栓塞术治疗，颈内动脉海绵瘘消失，颈内动脉保持通畅，颈内动脉海绵窦瘘的临床综合征于治疗后消失。1例由于瘘口较大，球囊不能完整闭塞瘘口，因该患者健侧颈内动脉代偿供应患侧的能力差，故无法栓塞患侧颈内动脉，栓塞术后该患者临床症状及体征有所改善但未能完全消除。结论：栓塞治疗对于外伤性预内动脉海绵窦瘘是一种有效治疗方法。     

Combined Endovascular Treatment with Distal Radial Artery Coil Embolization and Angioplasty in Steal Syndrome Associated with Forearm Dialysis Fistula

Purpose

The present study was performed to define the results of the endovascular treatment with angioplasty and distal radial artery embolization in ischemic steal syndrome associated with forearm arteriovenous accesses.

Method

The cases referred to our interventional radiology unit with symptoms and physical examination findings suggestive of ischemic steal syndrome were retrospectively evaluated first by Doppler ultrasonography, and then by angiography. Cases with proximal artery stenosis were applied angioplasty, and those with steal syndrome underwent coil embolization to distal radial artery.

Results

Of 589 patients who underwent endovascular intervention for dialysis arteriovenous fistulae (AVF)-associated problems, 6 (1.01 %) (5 female, 1 males; mean age 62 (range 41–78) with forearm fistula underwent combined endovascular treatment for steal syndrome. In addition to steal phenomenon, there were stenosis and/or occlusion in proximal radial and/or ulnar artery in 6 patients concurrently. Embolization of distal radial artery and angioplasty to proximal arterial stenoses were performed in all patients. Ischemic symptoms were eliminated in all patients and the AVF were in use at the time of study. In one patient, ischemic symptoms recurring 6 months later were alleviated by repeat angioplasty of ulnar artery.

Conclusion

In palmar arch steal syndrome affecting forearm fistulae, combined distal radial embolization and angioplasty is also an effective treatment method in the presence of proximal radial and ulnar arterial stenoses and occlusions.

     

Randomized Comparison of Prostatic Artery Embolization versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

PurposeTo compare clinical and functional outcomes of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) with those of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Materials and MethodsNoninferiority randomized trial was conducted involving men over 60 years of age with LUTS secondary to BPH. From November 2014 to January 2017, 45 patients were randomized to PAE (n = 23) or to TURP (n = 22). PAE was performed with 300- to 500-μm microspheres with the patient under local anesthesia, whereas bipolar TURP was performed with the patients under spinal or general anesthesia. Primary outcomes were changes in peak urinary flow (Q_max) and international prostate symptoms score (IPSS) from baseline to 12 months. Quality of life (QoL), and prostate volume (PV) changes from baseline to 12 month were secondary outcomes. Adverse events were compared using the Clavien classification.ResultsMean Q_max increased from 6.1 mL/s in the PAE group and from 9.6 mL/s in the TURP patients (P = .862 for noninferiority), and mean IPSS reduction was 21.0 points for PAE and 18.2 points for TURP subjects (P = .080) at 12 months. A greater QoL improvement was reported in the PAE group (3.78 points for PAE and 3.09 points for TURP; P = .002). Mean PV reduction was 20.5 cm³ (34.2%) for PAE subjects and 44.7 cm³ (71.2%) for TURP subjects (P < .001). There were fewer adverse events reported in the PAE group than in the TURP group (n = 15 vs n = 47; P < .001).ConclusionsReduction of LUTS in the PAE group was similar to that in the TURP group at 12 months, with fewer complications secondary to PAE. Long-term follow-up is needed to compare the durability of the symptomatic improvement from each procedure.     

Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Recurrent Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

PurposeTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with recurrent lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent a previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 15 of 19 patients who underwent PAE for recurrent LUTS after TURP between February 2014 and April 2019. The technical and clinical success rates and complications related to the procedure were recorded. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and prostatic volume (PV) were evaluated at baseline and 3- and 12-mo follow-up.ResultsThe intervals from TURP to recurrent symptoms and from TURP to PAE were 4.3 y ± 3.2 and 5.6 y ± 3.8, respectively. Technical success was achieved in all patients. The clinical success rate for LUTS relief at 12 mo was 93.3% (14 of 15). IPSS significantly reduced from 22.5 ± 4.1 at baseline to 9.9 ± 4.9 at 12-mo follow-up, and QoL score improved from 4.7 ± 1.0 to 2.1 ± 1.1 (P < .05 for both). There was a significant mean reduction of 26.6% in PV at 12 mo, improving from 100.7 cm³ ± 38.5 to 73.9 cm³ ± 29.4 (P < .05). No severe complications were encountered.ConclusionsPAE may be a safe and effective treatment option for the management of recurrent LUTS secondary to BPH in patients who have previously undergone TURP.