聚丙烯基纳米碳纤维复合材料结晶行为研究

采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了纳米碳纤维对PP／CNF复合材料中PP结晶行为的影响。结果表明：纳米碳纤雏可提高PP的结晶温度，但略降低其结晶速率和结晶度。提高纳米碳纤雏含量或减小纳米碳纤雏直径，PP结晶行为的上述变化更为明显，但结晶速率随纳米碳纤维含量出现先减小后增大的趋势。     

石蜡微乳液的研制

利用表面活性剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯盐作为乳化剂,对上海炼油厂生产的５８号石蜡进行乳化研究,制备石蜡微乳液。研究结果表明：表面活性剂的组成及含量影响微乳液的制备,分散相的粒径分布对石蜡微乳液的外观特征和稳定性也有重要影响。     

纳米颗粒团聚问题的研究进展

纳米科技作为21世纪影响人类发展方向的高新技术具有奇妙而光明的应用情景，而其中纳米复合材料由于其优良的综合性能已经成为纳米材料工程的重要组成部分。所谓“纳米复合材料”(nanocomposites)指分散相尺度至少有一维小于100nm的复合材料即把纳米颗粒分散到常规的三维固体中。     

组织型纤溶酶原激活剂及其抑制物的变化与冠心病的关系

目的：观察冠心病患者纤溶活性的变化及其在冠心病发病中的作用，探讨其临床意义。方法：用酶联免疫双抗夹心(ELISA)法测定58例冠心病患者血浆中组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t—PA)及纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1(PAI-1)抗原含量，反映纤溶-抗纤溶活性的变化，并对冠心病患者组与对照组纤溶指标进行不同性别间的比较。结果：急性心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛患者PM-1的含量、PAI-1／t—PA比值明显高于对照组，且急性心肌梗死患者PM-1的含量较不稳定心绞痛患者显著为高。但t—PA在急性心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛患者均无显著降低。患者组及对照组不同性别间纤溶及抗纤溶水平均未见有显著差异。结论：血栓性疾病与纤溶系统的异常有密切关系。纤溶系统活性的变化及纤溶-抗纤溶的平衡失调在缺血性心脏病的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

人纤溶酶原测定及其临床意义

纤溶酶原(Plasminogen，简称Pg)是纤溶酶(plasmin，简称Pm)的前身物质，在多种活化素的作用下转变为Pm，而参与纤溶活动。因而检测Pg的含量．可为观察体内的纤溶活动提供有价值的指标。多年来，国内外不少工作者对Pg的基础及临床进行了一些研究。本文就Pg的研究概况作一简述。     

非小细胞肺癌纤支镜活检与手术标本的DNA含量比较研究

目的对比分析非小细胞肺癌纤支镜活检与相应手术标本的ＤＮＡ含量，以评价非小细胞肺癌纤支镜活检ＤＮＡ含量分析的可靠性。方法应用ＣＡＳ—２００型图像细胞仪对２２例非小细胞肺癌纤支镜活检标本和相应手术标本进行ＤＮＡ含量分析和比较研究。结果纤支镜组与手术组标本异倍体符合率为９１％，但手术组ＤＮＡ指数明显高于纤支镜组（Ｐ＜００５）。结论纤支镜活检标本的ＤＮＡ含量分析与手术标本一样可靠，ＤＮＡ倍体水平应是纤支镜活检ＤＮＡ含量分析的重要指标，不足之处为纤支镜活检的ＤＮＡ指数不如手术标本准确。     

肝硬化及肝癌患者血清t-PA含量变化的临床意义

血清组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（t－PA）是体内纤溶系统的关键成份。维持体内纤溶及凝血两个系统的平衡，防止血栓形成起到重要作用。血清t—PA主要由血管内皮细胞及组织细胞合成的，它转变纤溶酶原为活化的纤溶酶。血清t－PA被肝脏摄取清除，某些肿瘤组织如肝癌乳腺癌等能大量合成t－PA。因此肝功严重损害或肝癌时血清t－AP含量明显增高。为探讨肝硬化及肝癌与血清t－PA的关系，我们检测了失代偿期肝硬化及原发性肝癌病人血清t－PA含量变化，现报告如下。l材料与方法1．1研究对象。临床确诊为夫代偿期肝硬化伴大量腹水井上消化道大出血30…     

D-二聚体定量检测在临床中的应用

D-二聚体是血浆中的纤维蛋白原在凝血酶作用下形成纤维蛋白单体，纤维蛋白单体经活化因子X交联后再经纤溶酶降解产生的特异性终末产物，为纤维蛋白降解产物中的最小片段。正常人血浆中基本无纤维蛋白降解产物，D-二聚体含量增高表明血浆发生凝固反应，纤溶系统被激活可以作为体内高凝状态和纤溶亢进的分子标志物之一。     

阿托伐他汀降脂治疗对纤溶系统及血小板的影响

目的：了解阿托伐他汀降脂治疗对纤溶系统及血小板的影响。方法：选择高脂血症患者，给予阿托伐他汀治疗，测定服药前后血脂、血浆中纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI-1)及血小板α颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)的含量，并与正常人对照。结果：治疗前高脂血症患者的血浆t-PA含量明显低于正常人，而血浆PAI-1及GMP-140含量高于正常人，经降脂治疗后血浆t-PA含量上升，而血浆PAI-1及GMP-140含量下降，接近正常。结论：阿托伐他汀可明显降低高脂血症患者的血脂水平，并且有一定的改善纤溶系统功能及抑制血小板激活的作用。     

尿激酶和去纤酶的溶栓作用及溶栓后对兔血管再闭塞的比较

采用兔股动脉血栓形成模型，比较了静脉输注尿激酶或去纤酶后，两药的溶栓作用及溶栓后血管再闭塞情况、作用机制。结果发现：尿激酶静滴≥１ｈ，造影见血管再通率为７３％，去纤酶静滴≤１ｈ，再通率为５３％。用药后６ｈ，尿激酶组血管再闭塞率５５％，去纤酶组仅２５％。两药均使纤维蛋白原（Ｆｇ·Ａｇ）含量、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物（ＰＡＩ）活性降低，优球蛋白溶解时间（ＥＬＴ）缩短，凝血酶原时间（ＰＴ）延长，但两者作用程度、时间不同。两药对血小板计数（ＢＰＣ）、血小板聚集率（ＰＡｇＲ）影响不明显，均未发现明显的出血副作用。结果表明：两组相比，尿激酶血管再通率高，去纤酶组血管再闭塞率低。两药均有激活纤溶系统及抗凝作用，但作用的侧重点不同。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.