S_(180)移植瘤在不同品系小鼠生长的观察

肉瘤180(S_(180))为一株可在许多品系小鼠移植生长、较广泛应用的实验肿瘤模型。近年发现S_(180)具有较高的抗原性,常见自发消退(Overgaard J et al,Cancer Res39∶3248,1979),我们在某些预试性实验中也见有类似现象。为了了解S_(180)瘤株在本室实验常用品系小鼠中移植生长情况,进行了本观察。     

乳腺癌患者血浆中环-磷酸腺苷(cAMP)环-磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)水平的观察

本文测定了正常人女性(均为献血员)50例和经病理证实的女性乳腺癌患者55例血浆中cAMP、cGMP含量及其比值(cAMP/cGMP)。乳腺癌患者组血浆中cGMP较正常人组经统计学处理(P<0.01)有明显升高,cAMP较正常人组也明显的降低,cAMP/cGMP,值较正常人组明显变小,证明这是一项颇有意义的指标,是否可做为乳腺癌诊断的辅助指标还有待更多病例进一步观察。我们认为测定体液中cAMP、cGMP水平对研究乳腺癌的发生、发展以及对肿瘤的预测与治疗等方面,可能有一定意义。     

补骨脂素、8-甲氧基补骨脂素对小鼠S_180细胞内环核苷酸水平的影响

本实验采用放射免疫法,测量了补骨脂素、8-甲氧基补骨脂素与小鼠S180细胞作用后S180细胞内环核苷酸水平的变化,实验结果表明:8-甲氧基补骨脂素、补骨脂素都能显著提高S180细胞内环核苷酸水平的变化,实验结果表明:8-甲氧基补脂素,补骨脂素都能显著提高S180细胞内cAMP水平,而对其cGMP水平无显著影响,从而极显著地增加了cAMP、cGMP比值,可以抑制细胞的过度增生。     

赤芍对实验肿瘤的抗癌作用及cAMP水平的影响

赤芍对移植性S-180实体瘤有明显抑制作用;显著增强环磷酰胺、氨甲喋呤等药物对S-180实体瘤和215小鼠白血病的抗癌疗效。赤芍可提高S-180腹水癌细胞内,S-180实体瘤和Lewis肺癌组织中cAMP的水平。Lewis肺癌和S-180实体瘤小鼠与相应正常小鼠血浆中cAMP水平无显著差异,赤芍对荷瘤小鼠血浆中cAMP含量亦无明显影响。     

香菇多糖对小鼠腹水型S180,H22抑瘤作用的实验研究

本实验通过腹水型S_(180)、H_(22)两种细胞系瘤株抑瘤作用实验观察证明:香菇多糖(LEN)制剂具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,在延长小鼠生存期以及抑瘤效果都有显著的作用。接种瘤侏24小时后腹腔内(iP)注射给药,每天一次,连用二周。iP注射1ml/只或2ml/只时,S_(180)(腹水型肉瘤)抑瘤率分别为43％(P<0.001)、47％(P<0.001);H_(22)(腹水型肝癌)抑瘤率分别为29％(P<0.01)、40％(P<0.01)。LEN对S_(180)、H_(22)移瘤后小鼠生存期的影响,iP注射2ml/只组,S_(180)小鼠与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.01):H_(22)小鼠与对照组相比,差异非常显著(P<0.0025)。中注射2ml/只组,S_(180)小鼠与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);H_(22)小鼠与对照组相比,差异非常显著(P<0.001)。     

消症扶正口服液对大鼠血浆中cAMP／cGMP的影响

目的研究消症扶正口服液对Wistar大白鼠血浆中环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)/环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的影响.方法取Wistar大白鼠40只,随机分成四组,每组10只,以不同浓度消症扶正口服液灌胃给药,每天一次,连续四周,检测大鼠血浆中cAMP/cGMP的含量变化.结果消症扶正口服液能明显提高实验组大鼠血浆中cAMP/cGMP的含量变化和比值,经统计学方差t检验,t值≥5.568P＜0.01,具有非常显著性差异.结论消症扶正口服液具有增强机体免疫功能的作用,从而达到抑制和治疗肿瘤的目的.     

长时间给予912对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

我们以前的实验证实,短期给予912(蚯蚓提取物代号)对小鼠移植瘤S_(180)有明显的抑制作用(第四军医大学学报7(2):85,1986)。本文观察了较长时间给予912对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用。材料和方法材料①动物LACA,雄性小鼠20±2g,每组8～10只。②瘤细胞S_(180)由本校生物化学教研室提供。     

灭瘤胶囊对Hep—A—22及S180荷瘤小鼠抑瘤及生命延长作用研究

目的 观察灭瘤胶囊对Hep—A—22及S_(180)荷瘤鼠肿瘤抑制及生命延长作用的影响。方法 抑瘤作用观察:分别对Hep—A—22及S_(180)实体瘤小鼠模型灌胃给药后取瘤称重,通过抑瘤率判断灭瘤胶囊对两种瘤体的抑制作用;生存期观察:小鼠腹腔接种癌细胞后24hr开始灌胃给药,lo天后每3天给药一次,比较各组小鼠存活时间。结果 灭瘤胶囊对两种实体瘤均有明显抑制作用,其中对S_(180)实体瘤抑制更为明显,该药仅高剂量组对S_(180)腹水瘤小鼠有明显延长生命作用,其余各组未发现有生命延长作用。结论 灭瘤胶囊有较好的抑瘤作用。     

人LI-LAK细胞和环磷酰胺对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤的体内外抗瘤作用

本文用人LI—LAK细胞作了对小鼠S_(180)肿瘤细胞的体外杀伤试验,并与环磷酰胺分别及协同对小鼠S_(180)荷瘤鼠体内抗瘤试验。结果表明:人LI—LAK细胞在体内外均有明显的抗小鼠S_(180)肿瘤的作用。经人LI—LAK细胞及环磷酰胺治疗,S_(180)荷瘤鼠存活期显著延长,部分可完全治愈。     

“抗787”抑瘤作用及毒性试验

体外抑瘤试验采美兰法,以Ec、S_(180)、HAC、ARS瘤细胞及部分人体肿瘤细胞进行试验。实验经多次重复,证明有明显的抑瘤作用,且反应稳定。动物移植性肿瘤抑瘤试验选用小鼠Ec、S_(180)、W_(256)瘤株,按常规进行筛选。Ec腹水型于治疗结束后抽取腹水计     

西地那非对荷S180小鼠抗肿瘤作用的实验

目的观察西地那非抗肿瘤及化疗增效的作用,探讨可能的机制。方法建立S180小鼠模型。西地那非分低、中、高剂量单独给药或联合化疗。比较抑瘤率;给药第6天流式细胞仪检测中剂量西地那非组、对照组肿瘤细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布,ELISA法检测肿瘤细胞内血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、p53、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）的水平。结果联合化疗组抑瘤率高于西地那非组,西地那非组又高于对照组;中剂量西地那非组p53、VEGF、细胞周期分布与对照组相比无差异,cGMP、细胞凋亡率高于对照组,cAMP低于对照组。结论西地那非有一定的抗肿瘤和化疗增效作用;这种作用与诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡相关,与细胞周期阻滞、VEGF、p53的变化无关。     

电化学疗法治疗小鼠S180肉瘤的实验研究

目的　探讨电化学疗法对S180肉瘤小鼠异种移植肿瘤的治疗效果。方法　将 41只昆明小鼠接种S180肉瘤细胞 ,然后随机分为 4个组 :对照组 (不做处理 ) ,药物组 (只加环磷酰胺 ) ,电场组 (只加电脉冲 ) ,电场 药物组 (电脉冲联合环磷酰胺 )。治疗期间定期观察小鼠体重和肿瘤体积 ,计算抑瘤率和肿瘤消失率。结果　用电脉冲处理肿瘤后 ,肿瘤部位出现不同程度水肿 ,随后逐渐消失 ,表面结痂 ,肿瘤体积缩小直至消失。切除未完全消失的电化学处理肿瘤与对照组肿瘤比较发现 ,电化学处理的肿瘤表面没有血管 ,对照组肿瘤表面血管则非常丰富。结论　电化学疗法对S180肉瘤小鼠异种移植肿瘤有明显的治疗作用 ,该方法可能成为治疗浅表性肿瘤的 1个重要途径     

Clinical observation on the changes in plasma cyclic nucleotides in patients with leukemia before and after treatment and their relation to cell-mediated immunity

Level of plasma cyclic nucleotides was determined in 47 normal subjects and 63 patients with leukemia. Follow-up was carried out in 20 of these patients. The relation between the level of cyclic nucleotides and cell-mediated immunity was studied. The results: There was no significant difference in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) between the normal subjects and leukemic patients, whereas cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) level was markedly elevated and cAMP/cGMP ratio was obviously reduced in the untreated and unrelieved patients. There was no significant difference in the various types of leukemia. In patients with complete remission (CR) after treatment, their cyclic nucleotides were similar to those in normal subjects, but they remained abnormal in patients without clinical remission after treatment. In CR patients treated regularly for half a year, the cGMP level when first diagnosed was lower than that of patients who died soon or were unrelieved. Plasma cGMP level was negatively correlated to E-rosette forming cell (E-RFC) and cAMP/cGMP ratio was positively correlated to E-RFC. These results suggest that the plasma cGMP be used as additional parameter to monitor the treatment response and prognosis. Reduced E-RFC in leukemia may be related to the elevated cGMP and/or lowered cAMP/cGMP ratio.     

Cyclic nucleotides during radiotherapy of breast cancer

Levels of cAMP and cGMP were higher in breast cancer tissue as compared with benign tumors. Large-fraction irradiation was followed by a decrease in cGMP concentration matched by a rise in cAMP/cGMP ratio in cases of radiosensitive tumors. Small-fraction treatment did not affect cyclic nucleotide levels. Radiotherapy was followed by a decrease in initially raised blood plasma cyclic nucleotide concentration.     

Cyclic nucleotide levels in mouse mammary epithelial cells during growth arrest and growth initiation in culture.

Intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) were measured in high and low tumorigenic mouse mammary epithelial cells during growth arrest in 1% fetal bovine serum and during the first 60 minutes after serum stimulation of cell proliferation in arrested cultures. Stationary MCG-T14 cells, which are highly tumorigenic and grow to high densities in 1% serum, exhibited lower levels of cAMP, higher levels of cGMP, and a lower ratio of cAMP to cGMP than quiescent MCG-V14 cells, which have low tumorigenicity and achieve low cell densities in 1% serum. Within 5-10 minutes after cell growth was initiated in arrested cultures by the addition of serum, both cell lines responded with a fourfold to fivefold increase in cGMP and a concomitant 50% decrease in cAMP. MCG-T14 cells exhibited the highest intracellular levels of cGMP and the lowest cAMP to cGMP ratio within 10 minutes after serum addition.     

绿茶素(TP-91)抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

 目的：研究绿茶素对肿瘤的预防和辅助治疗作用。方法：采用我院从湖北绿茶提取的绿茶素(TP91)进行了多项指标综合观察的抗肿瘤实验。瘤株为小鼠S180，Hela细胞和EAC。结果：(1)TP91具明显抗癌作用，对S180的抑瘤率达43.6%，体外试验对Hela细胞和EAC细胞均有抑制作用，药物作用2小时后癌细胞死亡率分别为93%和45%；(2)给药后血液高凝状态缓解、CAMP升高、SOD活性增强，外周血T淋巴细胞百分率上升、以及肿瘤间质肥大细胞数增多；(3)检出TP91含有硒、锗等20种元素。结论：提示绿茶素(TP91)在肿瘤一级预防和辅助治疗中具有良好发展前景。     

仙人掌提取物对荷瘤S180小鼠的抑瘤作用研究

目的 观察仙人掌提取物在不同时间内对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用。方法 用野生仙人掌进行乙醇提取且制成受试溶液,并给予昆明小鼠灌胃，1次/日,0.2ml/次/只。给药6天后，皮下种植S180肉瘤建立动物模型，分别在给药7、14、21天后处死小鼠取瘤体，称瘤体重量，结果 仙人掌提取物在接种后给药7、14天对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率各为84.11%、76.37%,分别高于其在接种后给药21天的抑瘤率（46.37%）（P〈0.01）。结论 仙人掌提取物对肿瘤发生早期具有较好的抑瘤作用。     

直流电结合阿霉素抑制小鼠S180实体瘤生长的实验研究

本文探讨了直流电(DC)结合阿霉素(ADM)时小鼠S_(180)实体瘤的抑制作用。ADM+DC组抑瘤率为56.79％;单用DC(3v,1h/d·3) 治疗抑瘤率为28.24％;单用ADM(5mg,kg~(-1)/d·3)抑瘤率为33.62％。ADM+DC组与DC组和ADM组相比较,P<0.05。静注等量阿霉素后最大血药浓度是电治疗时肿瘤局部注射阿霉素的2.12倍,曲线下峰面积是1、40倍,心脏最大浓度为3.56倍。本研究提示直流电和阿霉素有协同作用。在直流电治疗肿瘤时,肿瘤局部注射阿霉素不仅提高了肿瘤局部药浓度,而且较传统的静注降低了阿霉素副作用,尤其是心脏毒性。     

Research on the differentiation of human and murine neuroblastoma cells.

In vitro, we were able to induce a differentiation of human (SK-N-MC, IMR-32, Leo-2) and murine neuroblastoma cells (NA-2, C-1300, NIE-115) with dibutyryl cyclic 3'5'-adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP), hypothalamic factor (HF), and somatostatin. As morphological criteria of cellular differentiation we used the decrease in cell proliferation and the formation of neurites. Functional parameters were the increase of A cholinesterase activity, cAMP level, and protein content, and the decrease of cGMP level. After application of dbcAMP and HF, the effects were stronger than after somatostatin. We believe that the action of HF and somatostatin is caused by an increase in cAMP levels. In the in vivo experiments, human and murine neuroblastoma cells (NA-2, C-1300, and Leo-2) were transplanted into nude/nude mice. After HF treatment of 14 mice with NA-2 tumors, 4 of the mice were tumor-free, and mean tumor weight was reduced to one-third of the controls. Of the animals with C-1300 and Leo-2 tumors, half became tumor-free, and mean tumor weight was reduced to one-fourth. The results indicate that the induction of cellular differentiation by factors and hormones may in future become a method of therapy for human neuroblastoma.