急性早幼粒细胞白血病长期生存相关因素分析

  目的　研究影响急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）长期生存的相关因素。方法　回顾性分析62例APL的临床资料,应用Log-Rank检验和COX回归模型对62例患者的性别、年龄、初诊时白细胞计数、初诊时血小板计数、初诊时血清乳酸脱氢酶水平、诱导缓解方案、获得缓解所需时间、缓解后治疗方案进行单因素和多因素分析。结果　62例患者中位随访31（6～102）个月,5年预计总体生存率（OS）为（77.1±6.2）%,5年预计无复发率（RFS）为（71.4±3.68）%。单因素分析显示,初诊时白细胞计数、诱导缓解方案、获得缓解所需时间、缓解后治疗方案是影响APL患者长期生存的主要因素;多因素分析显示,初诊时白细胞计数、缓解后治疗方案是影响APL患者长期生存的独立因素。结论　APL患者获得完全缓解后,应用全反式维甲酸（ATRA）+三氧化二砷（As2O3）+化疗的序贯治疗方案将显著延长患者的生存时间。     

Characteristics and prognosis analysis of additional chromosome abnormalities in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide as the front-line therapy

Currently, there are few studies that address the prognostic significance of baseline additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients treated with arsenic trioxide (ATO) as the front-line therapy. A series of 271 consecutive APL patients has been cytogenetically investigated between 2004 and 2011 in our institution. The incidence of ACAs was 27% (46/172) in APL cases with t(15;17). Trisomy 8 was the most recurrent abnormality, accounting for 30% (14/46) of patients with ACAs, followed by +21 (7%, 3/46) and −7/7q (7%, 3/46). Nine cases (14.1%) were found to have additional balanced translocation aberrations, most of them are new and non-recurrent. Treatment protocols consisted of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy with or without the ATO therapy. Overall, patients with and without ACAs had similar complete remission (CR) rates (94% and 98%, respectively, P = 0.344). With a median follow-up of 41 months, univariate analysis showed that ACAs did not show any prognostic significance in relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition, ATO treatment was an independent favorable predictor for RFS. Thus, this data provides insights into cytogenetic features of APL, and suggests that ATO-based combination therapy improved RFS in de novo APL patients, while ACAs had no impact on prognosis.     

三氧化二砷治疗初治急性早幼粒细胞白血病疗效分析

 目的　分析以三氧化二砷（ATO）为基础的诱导和维持治疗方案治疗初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的长期疗效。方法　回顾性分析62例初诊成年APL患者诱导缓解治疗和缓解后巩固维持治疗经过,并作5、7年随访分析。结果　诱导治疗阶段,ATO+全反式维甲酸（ATRA）双药联合化疗组与ATRA联合化疗组完全缓解（CR）率差异无统计学意义,但前者达到CR时间明显缩短。诱导治疗后PML-RARα融合基因转阴率两组分别为86.2 %、56.3 %,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。巩固维持治疗阶段,ATO序贯维持组和化疗序贯维持组5年总生存（OS）率分别为（94.4±5.4）%和（45.5±10.2）%,7年OS率分别为（52.5±23.7）%和（27.3±9.3）%;两组5年无病生存（DFS）率分别为（94.7±5.5）%和（41.3±10.1）%,7年DFS率分别为（52.6±23.7）%和（27.5±9.4）%,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。并且,ATO序贯维持组复发率（14.7 %）低于化疗序贯维持组（37.0 %）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论　以ATO联合ATRA、化疗的诱导化疗方案可缩短诱导化疗时间,提高PML-RARα融合基因转阴率,而且,包含ATO的序贯维持治疗明显改善APL患者的长期生存,减少复发,安全性高,患者耐受性好。     

Improved long‐term survival in all Sanz risk patients of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with a combination of retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide‐based front‐line therapy

Limited data was available for long‐term follow‐up in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients treated with all‐trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA) plus intravenously arsenic trioxide (ATO)‐based front‐line therapy. The aim of this work was to retrospectively analyze the long‐term survival rate and frequency of therapy‐related myeloid neoplasia (t‐MN) occurring in a large cohort of APL patients. A total of 760 newly diagnosed patients with APL between January 1999 and May 2016 were evaluated. The early death rate was 9.2% (70/760). Of the remaining 690 patients with complete remission, patients were grouped according to front‐line regimens: ATRA plus ATO with or without chemotherapy (ATO group) and ATRA with chemotherapy (non‐ATO group). The median duration of follow‐up was 7.5 years (1.0‐18.3 years). ATO group showed significant superior 10‐year estimated relapse‐free survival (RFS) up to 90.3% comparing with 65.5% in the non‐ATO group (P < 0.0001). In addition, the 10‐year estimated overall survival (OS) was 93.9% for patients in the ATO group and 89.1% for those in the non‐ATO group (P = 0.03). In the subgroup analysis, the RFS rate was also higher in ATO group comparing with non‐ATO group in both low‐to‐intermediate‐risk (94.2% vs 64.6%, P < 0.0001) and high‐risk subgroup (89.6% vs 74.7%, P = 0.04). Notably, the 3‐year RFS and OS rates in the chemotherapy‐free subgroup of the low‐to‐intermediate‐risk patients (n = 88) were 100% and 100%, respectively. In the entire cohort, a total of 10 patients developed secondary malignant neoplasms, including 7 patients with therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms (t‐MN). The estimated 5‐year cumulative incidence risk of t‐MN in the ATO and non‐ATO groups was 1.0% and 0.4%, respectively (P = 0.34). Thus, our data revealed that the long‐term outcome of patients treated with ATRA plus ATO‐based regimens was associated with continuing high efficacy in all Sanz risk patients with newly diagnosed APL.     

CD56 expression is an indicator of poor clinical outcome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with simultaneous all-trans-retinoic acid and chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: Preliminary reports suggest that leukemic cell expression of CD56, a neural cell adhesion molecule, is associated with adverse clinical outcome in either acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) or acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We investigated the prognostic relevance of CD56 in a series of patients with APL who were treated homogeneously with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinicobiologic presenting features and therapeutic results were analyzed in a series of 100 patients with genetically proven APL who were treated, according to the example of the Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto multicenter trial, with ATRA plus idarubicin (AIDA) and for whom data on CD56 expression were available at diagnosis. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (15%) showed expression of CD56 in greater than or equal to 20% blasts at diagnosis and were considered as CD56(+). No differences were found regarding age, sex, WBC and platelet counts, incidence of coagulopathy, hemoglobin and fibrinogen levels, promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor (PML/RAR) alpha fusion type, or complete remission (CR) rate in the comparison of the CD56(+) and CD56(-) populations. Conversely, compared with patients who were CD56(-), patients with CD56(+) APL had shorter CR duration (P =.04) and overall survival (P =.002). In the multivariate analysis, CD56 positivity and initial WBC count greater than 10 x 10(9) cells/L retained statistical significance in overall survival (P =.04 and P =.02, respectively). CONCLUSION: The expression of CD56 is significantly associated with inferior CR duration and survival in patients with APL who were treated with modern frontline treatment that included ATRA and simultaneous chemotherapy. Combined with other well-established prognostic factors such as WBC count, CD56 expression at diagnosis might be used to build prognostic scores for risk-adapted therapy in APL.     

FLT3基因突变在急性早幼粒细胞白血病中的表达及临床意义

目的:检测急性早幼粒细胞白血病（acute promyelocytic leukemia,APL）患者FMS样酪氨酸激酶3（FLT3）基因内部串联重复（ITD）突变和酪氨酸激酶结构域（TKD）突变的表达,并探讨临床意义。方法:提取APL患者骨髓单个核细胞DNA,采用聚合酶链反应及测序技术检测FLT3-ITD和FLT3-TKD,分析临床资料及预后。结果:在77例APL患者中,23例（29.9%）检出 FLT3-ITD,7例（9.1%）检出FLT3-TKD点突变,具体包括5例D835Y、1例N841I、1例D835Y和D835H复合杂合子。FLT3-ITD与高白细胞计数相关（P=0.033）,而FLT3-TKD并无此相关性。与无FLT3基因突变患者相比,尽管FLT3-ITD和TKD突变患者的完全缓解率（CR）、总生存期（OS）、无事件生存期（EFS）均相对更差,除FLT3-TKD与缩短EFS显著相关（P=0.043）外,差异均无统计学意义。值得注意的是,无论是FLT3-ITD（P=0.011）还是FLT3-TKD（P= 0.034）均提示高复发风险。多因素分析表明FLT3-ITD（HR=6.381,P=0.037）、FLT3-TKD（HR=5.198,P=0.009）、骨髓早幼粒细胞比例（HR=1.174,P=0.020）、高白细胞计数（WBC>10×109/L）（HR=9.067,P=0.011)可作为独立预后因素提示高复发风险。结论:FLT3-ITD和TKD在APL中均有表达,FLT3-ITD患者的白细胞计数高。虽然FLT3基因突变对APL患者的CR率和OS无显著影响,但可作为一个有价值的指标用于评估复发风险。     

Upfront maintenance therapy with arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia provides no benefit for non‐t(15;17) subtype

Aims: The optimal maintenance therapy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who achieved complete remission (CR) and complete consolidation chemotherapy is still controversial. Whether the use of arsenic trioxide (ATO) alone or along with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) improves overall survival (OS) or disease‐free survival (DFS) is still debated. Methods: A retrospective reivew was conducted of 20 patients diagnosed with APL according to the French – American – British system. After achieving CR and receiving consolidation chemotherapy, nine patients were given maintenance therapy for 1 year (ATRA 45 mg/m²/day p.o., mercaptopurine 60 mg/m²/day p.o. and ATO 0.15 mg/kg/day × 5 days/week for six cycles in five patients; ATRA 45 mg/m²/d p.o. alternating with ATO 0.15 mg/kg/day × 5 days/week in 1 patient; ATRA only in three patients). Results: In all patients the rates of CR, 3‐year OS and 5‐year OS were 75, 71 and 57%, respectively. For patients treated with ATO maintenance, the rates were 100% for both 5‐year OS and 5‐year DFS. Four of six patients on ATO maintenance had grade 1 or grade 2 adverse events. Excluding the two patients who died from intracerebral hemorrhage within 4 days after diagnosis, these rates were 85, 82 and 78%, respectively. Conclusion: Upfront ATO maintenance therapy for one year is safe and appears to be effective, with the benefits restricted to patients with APL with t(15;17) translocation. Larger studies will be required to confirm this observation.     

Clinico-biological features and prognostic significance of PML/RARalpha isoforms in adult patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy

Debate exists over the clinical relevance of molecular heterogeneity of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Based on the genomic breakpoint in PML gene, three different PML/RARalpha isoforms are recognized: intron 3 [short (S)], intron 6 [long (L)] and exon 6 [variable (V)]. Studies on the prognostic significance of PML/RARalpha isoforms have reported contradictory results. This discrepancy may be related to differences in the treatment protocols, as some studies used ATRA alone during induction therapy. We analyzed the clinical course of 61 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of APL, treated with ATRA and chemotherapy at Princess Margaret Hospital from January 1994 to January 2002. The results of RT PCR at diagnosis were available on 48 patients. In this study, we report on clinico-biological features and prognostic significance of PML/RARalpha isoforms in these 48 patients. Of 48 patients, 19(40%) had the S isoform and 29 (60%) had the L/V isoform. Median white blood cell (WBC) count for patients with S isoform was 8.6 [interquartile range Q1-Q3 i.e. IQR 3.2-29] compared to 1.8 [IQR 1.0-4.9] for the L/V isoform group (P 0.001). No difference was seen in number of patients achieving of molecular remission after induction and consolidation treatment in the two-isoform groups. The patients with S isoform had significantly inferior relapse-free survival (RFS) at 3 years compared to L/V isoform patients [48% (95% C.I. 19 77) vs. 92% (95% C.I. 82-100), P0.006]. In a univariate analysis, S isoform status (P 0.006) and high WBC count ( > or = 5 x 10(9)+/l) (P 0.017) were significant prognostic factors for RFS. No difference in overall survival was seen between the two isoform groups (P 0.35). Our results suggest that based on molecular characterization, it may be possible to identify a subgroup of APL patients at higher-risk of relapse.     

复方黄黛片治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病的系统评价

 目的　评价复方黄黛片（CRNIT）治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的疗效与安全性。方法　计算机检索SinoMed、CNKI、VIP、万方、CBA、PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆临床对照试验资料库,并辅以手工检索,收集国内外公开发表的CRNIT治疗APL的随机对照试验（RCT）文献,检索年限截至2011年3月。按纳入标准与排除标准筛选文献并评价纳入研究的质量,以完全缓解（CR）率、达CR所需时间、复发率、病死率、不良反应率等为评价指标,采用RevMan 5.1软件进行Meta分析。结果　纳入6项RCT,包括391例APL患者,其中2项RCT研究目的为CRNIT与三氧化二砷（ATO）的比较,4项RCT研究目的为CRNIT与全反式维甲酸（ATRA）的比较,其中1项RCT增设CRNIT+ ATRA与ATRA的比较。达CR所需时间：CRNIT比ATRA、ATO长[加权均数差（WMD）＝3.14,95 % CI 0.99～5.29,P＝0.004];头痛发生率：CRNIT低于ATRA（OR＝0.10,95 % CI 0.02～0.45,P＝0.003）;5年无病生存率：CRNIT优于ATRA（OR＝7.22,95 % CI 1.40～37.25,P＝0.02）;CR率、复发率、病死率和4项不良反应指标（胃肠道症状、肝肾功能损害、皮肤损害、发热）的Meta分析结果差异无统计学意义。结论　服用CRNIT达CR所需时间比ATRA、ATO长,CRNIT近期疗效与ATRA、ATO相近。服用CRNIT的5年无病生存率可能优于ATRA。     

Extramedullary relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy.

We analyzed the incidence, presenting features, risk factors of extramedullary (EM) relapse occurring in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy by using a competing-risk method. In total, 740/ 806 (92%) patients included in three multicenter trials (APL91, APL93 trials and PETHEMA 96) achieved CR, of whom 169 (23%) relapsed, including 10 EM relapses. Nine relapses involved the central nervous system (CNS) and one the skin, of which two were isolated EM relapse. In patients with EM disease, median WBC count was 26950/mm3 (7700-162000). The 3-year cumulative incidence of EM disease at first relapse was 5.0%. Univariate analysis identified age <45 years (P=0.05), bcr3 PML-RARalpha isoform (P= 0.0003) and high WBC counts (> or = 10,000/ mm3) (P<0.0001) as risk factors for EM relapse. In multivariate analysis, only high WBC count remained significant (P= 0.001). Patients with EM relapse had a poorer outcome since median survival from EM relapse was 6.7 months as compared to 26.3 months for isolated BM relapse (P=0.04). In conclusion, EM relapse in APL occurs more frequently in patients with increased WBC counts (> or = 10,000/mm3) and carries a poor prognosis. Whether CNS prophylaxis should be systematically performed in patients with WBC > or = 10,000/mm3 at diagnosis remains to be established.     

Arsenic trioxide (trisenox) therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The relapse-free survival of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has significantly increased during the last decade. The introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) doubled the survival of patients with this disease. However, despite ATRA and anthracycline-based chemotherapy, 12%-30% of patients will still relapse. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with first and subsequent relapsed or refractory APL, regardless of the disease-free interval. Treatment of relapsed and refractory patients with this novel therapy produces complete remission in 87% of patients and molecular remission in 83%. Studies have documented the efficacy of autologous and allogeneic transplantation as salvage therapy in relapsed and refractory APL. The introduction of ATO into the treatment regimen for APL has stimulated discussion on its role in the transplantation setting. Investigators recently met to discuss the issue and make recommendations regarding ATO therapy in patients who are in their second or subsequent complete remission and are candidates for transplantation. This article describes the pivotal studies of this novel agent, discusses risk factor stratification for relapse in patients with APL, and proposes protocols for treatment incorporating ATO therapy. In addition, it describes scientific issues in ongoing and proposed clinical trials of ATO therapy for this disease.     

全反式维甲酸联合三氧化二砷治疗初诊急性早幼粒细胞白血病的疗效及对复发率的影响分析

目的：探讨应用三氧化二砷（AS2O3）联合全反式维甲酸（ATRA）与单用ATRA对初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）诱导治疗的临床疗效及对复发率的影响。方法回顾性分析接受规律治疗的初治120例APL患者的临床资料,所有患者按治疗方法不同分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。观察组予ATRA口服联合AS2O3静脉滴注治疗,对照组仅予ATRA口服治疗,根据外周血白细胞数、肝功能以及临床症状调整药物用量,均治疗直至完全缓解（CR）。观察诱导治疗阶段CR率和早幼粒白血病基因和维甲酸受体基因融合基因（PML-RARα）转阴所需时间和不良反应,巩固化疗后3年总生存率（OS）和复发率,同时分析白细胞水平对预后的影响。结果观察组早期病死率、CR率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）,达到CR时间少于对照组（P﹤0.05）;观察组PML-RARα转阴率和总生存率高于对照组,复发率低于对照组（P﹤0.05）;选取观察组57例患者分析白细胞水平对预后的影响,WBC≥10×109/L患者复发率、病死率、未缓解（NR）率与WBC﹤10×109/L患者比较,差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）,CR率与总生存率则低于WBC﹤10×109/L患者。结论 AS2O3联合ATRA治疗初发APL的疗效较好,达到CR时间缩短,预后提高,白细胞水平对APL的预后有一定影响,导致CR率与总生存率降低。     

Prognostic correlation of basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in 1307 primary breast cancers

This study was designed to investigate the possible relationship between the protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with p53 status, breast cancer prognostic factors, metastatic site, and survival after adjuvant therapy. Basic fibroblast growth factor and VEGF expression were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in cytosol specimens obtained from 1307 patients with T1-3 primary breast cancer (789 node-negative, 518 node-positive) diagnosed between 1990 and 1997. The median follow-up time was 70 months. Increased bFGF expression was more frequently found in tumors with low VEGF expression (r = -0.286; P = 0.095). Increased bFGF was associated with smaller tumors (P < 0.001), absence of axillary metastasis (P = 0.003), low S-phase fraction (P < 0.001), and longer recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.0038) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.0316). Vascular endothelial growth factor was a prognostic factor for RFS (P < 0.0001) and OS (P < 0.0001) in univariate and multivariate analyses (RFS: 95% CI, 1.1-1.7; P = 0.036; OS: 95% CI, 1.2-2.2; P = 0.002), whereas bFGF expression was not correlated with RFS or OS. Increased VEGF content was correlated with shorter survival after adjuvant endocrine therapy (RFS, P = 0.0004; OS, P = 0.0009). Patients with estrogen receptor-negative disease were excluded from the analysis. Basic fibroblast growth factor was not a prognostic factor after adjuvant systemic therapy, nor was it related to metastatic site. Expression of VEGF is an independent prognostic factor for patients with primary breast cancer. High bFGF expression was related to good prognostic features and longer survival times, but did not add prognostic information in multivariate analysis. The results might implicate that different angiogenic pathways exist in human breast cancer.     

Prognostic significance of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors in human breast cancer

Overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) were studied in 297 patients according to the presence of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1-R). All the patients were surgically treated for locoregional disease in the same institution from January 1986. The median duration of follow-up was 40 months. RFS was better in patients with IGF1-R in their tumors as assessed by actuarial survival (P = 0.014) as well as Cox analysis (P = 0.016). OS was better in IGF1-R positive tumors studied by actuarial (P = 0.007) as well as Cox analysis (P = 0.010). By Cox analysis the other prognostic factors on RFS were estrogen receptor (P = 0.002), progesterone receptor (P = 0.002), axillary node metastases (P = 0.032), histoprognostic grading (GHP) according to the standard of Scarff and Bloom (P = 0.004), and tumor diameter (P = 0.019). The other prognostic factors on OS (Cox analysis) were estrogen receptor (P = 0.001), axillary node metastases (P = 0.010), GHP (P = 0.009), progesterone receptor (P = 0.012), and tumor diameter (P = 0.007). When combining IGF1-R, GHP, and axillary node metastases, it appeared that IGF1-R, GHP, and axillary node metastases had independent prognostic significance. In this prospective study IGF1-R had a prognostic significance on RFS as well as on OS studied by actuarial as well as Cox analysis.     

三氧化二砷联合全反式维甲酸治疗初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病50例疗效观察

 目的　观察三氧化二砷（ATO）联合全反式维甲酸（ATRA）治疗初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的疗效。方法　98例初发APL患者分为对照组和治疗组,对照组48例,治疗组50例。对照组采用常规ATRA+DA双诱导方案治疗;治疗组采用ATRA每天25 mg／m2,ATO每天0.15 mg／kg（ATRA后第10天开始）联合治疗,直至完全缓解（CR）,CR后接受ATO和ATRA联合巩固治疗。比较两组CR率、PML-RARα融合基因转阴时间及5年无病生存率。结果　对照组和治疗组CR率分别为89.5 %（43／48）和90.0 %（45／50）,获得CR时间分别为（30.0±5.1）d和（28.1±4.4）d,两组CR率（χ2＝-0.068,P＝0.946）及获得CR时间（t＝1.757,P＝0.083）相比差异均无统计学意义。在所有获得CR的患者中,3例分别在CR后第276、385和394天复发。所有患者发病时PML-RARα融合基因均阳性,对照组和治疗组CR时分别有25.0 %（5／20）和29.4 %（5／17）转阴,巩固后分别有92.5 %（37／40）和97.6 %（41／42）转阴。对照组和治疗组5年无病生存率分别为（85.3±5.9）%和（87.6±5.6）%,差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0.232,P＝0.630）。结论　ATO联合ATRA能有效治疗初发APL患者,可以作为常规化疗方案外的另一选择。     

三氧化二砷联合全反式维甲酸治疗初发急性早幼粒细胞白血病的临床观察

 目的　观察全反式维甲酸（ATRA）联合三氧化二砷（As2O3）治疗初诊急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的疗效及不良反应。方法　对ATRA每天25 mg／m2联合As2O3 10 mg／d（联合组）治疗的35例APL患者达完全缓解（CR）时间、CR率、早期病死率及不良反应进行观察,并与单用As2O3 10 mg／d（单药组）治疗的33例进行比较。结果　联合组CR率为94.3 %（33／35）,与单药组[90.9 %（30／33）]比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;联合组获得CR时间为26.1 d,短于单药组的30.5 d,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;联合组与单药组APL分化综合征及不良反应发生率、早期病死率比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）;高WBC组比中、低WBC组CR率低,死亡率高,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）,低WBC组与中WBC组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论　As2O3联合ATRA较单用As2O3治疗初诊APL获得CR时间短,WBC＞10×109／L为预后不良的因素,APL分化综合征应尽早发现,及时处理。