短刺小克银汉霉AS 3.970对白鲜碱的微生物转化

目的 采用短刺小克银汉霉AS 3.970(C.blakesleana AS 3.970)对白鲜碱展开微生物转化研究。方法 利用30株丝状真菌对白鲜碱进行微生物转化,筛选出转化效果好的菌株;然后在该菌株微生物转化试验中考察接种量、转化温度、培养基pH值、转化时间等不同因素对白鲜碱微生物转化作用的影响,选择出最优的转化条件;在最优转化条件下,规模制备白鲜碱的微生物转化产物并进行结构鉴定。结果 短刺小克银汉霉AS 3.970对白鲜碱的微生物转化效果好,在微生物转化研究中发现白鲜碱转化的最优条件是转化温度为28℃,培养基初始pH值为7.0,最适接种量5%(体积分数),转化时间为7 d;通过分离纯化和结构鉴定,最终得到两个主要转化产物,分别是4-甲氧基-2,3-二氢呋喃喹啉与3-(2-羟乙基)-4-甲氧基喹啉酮。结论 通过微生物转化技术可以对白鲜碱进行微生物结构修饰。     

短刺小克银汉霉AS 3.970对川丁特罗的微生物转化

目的对川丁特罗进行微生物转化研究。方法利用短刺小克银汉霉Cunninghamella.blakesleana AS 3.970对川丁特罗进行微生物转化,通过柱层析、液相色谱-质谱及核磁技术对川丁特罗微生物转化产物进行分离与鉴定。结果短刺小克银汉霉Cunninghamella.blakesleana AS 3.970转化川丁特罗累计获得三个转化产物,分别是川丁特罗芳香羟胺代谢物、川丁特罗叔丁基羟基取代代谢物和1-羧基川丁特罗。结论通过微生物转化技术可以对川丁特罗进行微生物结构修饰。     

萘普生的微生物转化

目的研究微生物对萘普生的转化能力。方法以雅致小克银汉霉菌AS 3 1 5 6为转化菌株 ,并对转化条件进行优化 ,利用液相色谱 质谱联用法检测转化液中萘普生的代谢产物。结果根据液相色谱和质谱数据推测 ,主要转化产物为O 去甲基萘普生。对影响O 去甲基萘普生形成因素的考察发现 ,以pH 6 0 ,底物浓度 0 0 2 5 % ,转化反应持续 72h等条件较为适宜 ,其产率大于 95 %。结论雅致小克银汉霉菌AS 3 1 5 6能够高度专一性地对萘普生进行O 去甲基转化反应 ,可以作为药物代谢研究新的体外模型。     

微生物转化法从雷公藤甲素合成雷腾舒

目的:以雷公藤甲素为原料,采用微生物转化法合成新型抗类风湿药物雷腾舒。方法:筛选10株小克银汉霉菌,采用HPLC法检测转化液中目标产物雷腾舒的浓度并计算产率,优化转化系统。结果:模型菌株雅致小克银汉霉ATCC36112在pH 4.5、底物浓度400μg.mL-1和转化10 d等条件下,雷腾舒产率>70%。结论:小克银汉霉ATCC36112转化雷公藤甲素,为活性代谢产物雷腾舒的合成开辟了一条新途径。     

东北红豆杉愈伤组织中紫杉烷类化合物的分离与鉴定

目的明确东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)愈伤组织中的化学成分,为开发可持续利用的红豆杉资源提供理论依据。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、制备型高效液相色谱等手段对愈伤组织的正己烷和乙酸乙酯提取物进行分离和纯化;根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据并结合相关文献对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果从东北红豆杉愈伤组织中分离得到11个紫杉烷类化合物,分别鉴定为tax-uyunnanine C(1)、2α,5α,10β-triacetoxy-14β-propionyloxy-4(20),11-taxadiene(2)、2α,5α,10β-tri-acetoxy-14β-isobutyryloxy-4(20),11-taxadiene(3)、2α,5α,10β-triacetoxy-14β-(2′-methyl)butyrylo-xy-4(20),11-taxadiene(4)、云南红豆杉甲素(yunnanxane,5)、紫杉醇(paclitaxel,6)、taxol C(7)、baccatin VI(8)、1β-deoxybaccatin VI(9)、taxayuntin C(10)、baccatin I(11)。结论化合物9、11为首次从东北红豆杉愈伤组织中分离得到,化合物1-4、8-10尚未在东北红豆杉中发现。     

小单孢菌FIM10-2207生物转化卡那霉素B的初步研究

在卡那霉素B的微生物转化研究中,从台湾海峡海底沉积物中分离得到五株对卡那霉素B具有转化作用的菌株,选取其中转化率较高的一株菌,编号为FIM10-2207,经分类学研究鉴定为小单孢菌。初步考察了培养基的选择,底物卡那霉素B的初始浓度和添加时间这3个因素对转化率的影响,发现转化培养基C,添加时间32h和底物初始浓度1500μg/mL时,转化率较高。卡那霉素B经该菌株转化后,得到一个新化合物,波谱数据分析结果表明该产物为1,3″-二乙酰化卡那霉素B。     

短刺小克银汉霉菌对马兜铃酸A的代谢转化

选取短刺小克银汉霉菌（Cunninghamella blakesleana AS3．910）用微生物转化的方法对马兜铃酸A（Aristolochic acid）进行了代谢转化研究并比较，微生物转化产物和哺乳动物体内的代谢产物的异同。考察了影响微生物转化产物形成的各种因素，并对该转化体系进行了优化，采用高效液相色谱、质谱对代谢产物进行了检测和分析。多种因素条件会对微生物的转化产生影响，发酵液中主要的转化产物是马兜铃酸A的O去甲基化物，该产物和报道的NSL动物在摄入马兜铃酸A后尿中发现的一种代谢产物结构相同。利用小克银汉霉菌的转化可以方便地制备马兜铃酸A在哺乳动物体内的某些代谢产物，它可以作为研究马兜铃酸A代谢物的一个体外模型进行探索。     

东北红豆杉愈伤组织中紫杉烷类化合物的分离与鉴定(2)

目的进一步明确东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)愈伤组织中的化学成分,为开发可持续利用的红豆杉资源提供物质基础。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、制备型高效液相色谱等手段对愈伤组织的甲醇提取物进行分离和纯化;根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据并结合相关文献对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果从东北红豆杉愈伤组织甲醇提取物中分离得到7个紫杉烷型二萜类化合物,分别鉴定为taxusin(1)、2α-acetoxytaxusin(2)、14β-hydroxytaxusin(3)、2-deacetyltaxuyunnanine C(4)、10-deacetyltaxuyunnanine C(5)、7-表-紫杉醇(7-epi-taxol,6)、cephalomannine(7)。结论化合物1~5,7为首次从东北红豆杉愈伤组织中分离得到,化合物3~5尚未在东北红豆杉中发现。     

云南红豆杉中四个新紫杉烷类四环二萜成分的分离和鉴定

从云南红豆杉(Taxus yunnanensis ChengetL.K.Fu)树皮的二氯甲烷部分又分离得到四个新紫杉烷类四环二萜化合物,分别命名为taxayuntin A,B,C和D。应用¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹H-¹HCOSY,¹³C-¹HCOSY及¹³C-¹HCOLOC等方法进行结构测定,证明它们都有5/7/6三环稠合的基本骨架,并在C₄和C₅上连有环氧丙烷。     

东北红豆杉愈伤组织中松香烷型二萜类成分的分离与鉴定

目的明确东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)愈伤组织中的化学成分,为开发可持续利用的红豆杉资源提供物质基础。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、制备型HPLC等手段对愈伤组织的乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物进行分离和纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据并结合相关文献对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果从东北红豆杉愈伤组织中共分离得到7个松香烷型二萜化合物,分别鉴定为hinokiol(1)、美丽红豆杉素A(taxamairin A,2)、美丽红豆杉素C(taxamairin C,3)、taxayunnin(4)、margoci-lin(5)、3,20-epoxy-12-methoxy-8,11,13-abietatriene-3,7,11-triol(6)和brevitaxin(7)。结论化合物1~7均为首次从东北红豆杉植物中分离得到。     

Microbial transformation of diosgenin by filamentous fungus Cunninghamella echinulata

Microbial transformation of diosgenin (1) by suspended-cell cultures of the filamentous fungus Cunninghamella echinulata CGMCC 3.2000 was investigated. Incubation of the substrate diosgenin (1) with this fungus led to the isolation of three products: two known compounds, (25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,7β,12β-triol (2) and (25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,7β,11α-triol (3), and a new compound (25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,7α,11α-triol (4). The structural elucidations of the three compounds were achieved mainly by the MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods and comparison with known compounds. C. echinulata CGMCC 3.2000 has not been used before in the biotransformation of diosgenin (1).     

小克银汉霉菌对萘普生的微生物转化

目的：通过分离和鉴定萘普生由真菌转化生成的代谢产物,研究微生物转化和哺乳动物体内药物代谢之间的相似性．方法：选用3种小克银汉霉菌对萘普生进行微生物转化研究．采用液相色谱—质谱联用法检测代谢产物,并通过半制备高效液相色谱法分离出主要代谢物,经质谱和核磁共振光谱确证其结构．结果：萘普生被转化成去甲萘普生和去甲萘普生硫酸结合物,这两种代谢产物都是已知的哺乳动物代谢产物．其中去甲萘普生硫酸结合物是首次在微生物转化样品中发现．结论：小克银汉霉菌对萘普生的转化结果与哺乳动物的体内代谢有某些相似性,有可能成为一种新的体外模型进行药物代谢研究,用于预测和制备可能的药物代谢产物．     

Microbial transformation of hederagenin by Cunninghamella echinulate,Mucor subtilissimus,and Pseudomonas oleovorans

The pentacyclic triterpenoid hederagenin (1) was subjected to biotransformation by Cunninghamella echinulate CGMCC 3.2000, Mucor subtilissimus CGMCC 3.2454 and Pseudomonas oleovorans CGMCC 1.1641. Three metabolites were obtained. On the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectral analyses, their structures were characterized as 3β, 23-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3β, 15α, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 1β, 3β, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), and metabolite (3) was a new compound. This was the first report on the biotransformation of hederagenin.     

Microbial transformation of the anti-diabetic agent corosolic acid by Cunninghamella echinulata

The pentacyclic triterpenoid corosolic acid was metabolized by Cunninghamella echinulata CGMCC 3.2000 to its C-24 aldehyde group metabolite and five other hydroxylated metabolites: madasiatic acid (2), 2α, 3β, 7β-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 2α, 3β, 15α-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (4), 2α, 3β, 6β, 7β-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), 2α, 3β, 7β, 15α-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (6), and 2α, 3β,7β-trihydroxy-24-al-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (7); compounds 3, 5, and 7 were new compounds. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of the metabolites were also evaluated.     

Microbial transformation of isoangustone A by Mucor hiemalis CGMCC 3.14114

Isoangustone A (1) is an isoprenylated flavonoid isolated from licorice. It has been reported to possess anti-microbial, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities. In order to increase its structural diversity, microbial transformation of 1 was conducted by Mucor hiemalis CGMCC 3.14114 to obtain three new compounds. By extensive NMR and MS spectroscopicanalyses, their structures were identified as isoangustone A 7-O-glucoside (2), isoangustone A 7-O-glucoside-4'-O-sulfate (3), and isoangustone A 7,3'-di-O-glucoside (4), respectively. The major biotransformation reaction was glycosylation at C-7. Sulfation is rare for microbial transformation.     

Microbial transformation of deoxyandrographolide by Fusarium graminearum AS 3.4598

Biotransformation of deoxyandrographolide (1) by Fusarium graminearum AS 3.4598 was investigated in this paper. And five transformed products of 1 by F. graminearum AS 3.4598 were obtained. Their chemical structures were characterized as 3-oxo-8α,17β-epoxy-14-deoxyandrographolide (2), 3-oxo-14-deoxyandrographolide (3), 3-oxo-17,19-dihydroxyl-8,13-ent-labdadien-15,16-olide (4), 1β-hydroxyl-14-deoxyandrographolide (5), and 7β-hydroxyl-14-deoxyandrographolide (6) by spectral methods including 2D NMR. Among them, products 2, 4, and 5 are new.     

Microbial transformation of asiatic acid by Alternaria longipes

Asiatic acid is a major pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica. It shows a variety of bioactivities. In order to obtain its derivatives, potentially useful for detailed pharmacological studies, the substrate was subjected to incubations with selected micro-organisms. In this work, asiatic acid was converted into three new compounds: 2α,3β,23,30-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (1), 2α,3β,22β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (2), and 2α,3β,22β,23,30-pentahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (3) by the fungus Alternaria longipes AS 3.2875. The structures of the three metabolites were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data.     

Microbial transformation of oleanolic acid by Trichothecium roseum

Microbial transformation of the oleanolic acid (1) using Trichothecium roseum (pers.) Link (M 95.56) has resulted in the isolation of two new hydroxylated type metabolites, characterized as 15α-hydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (2) and 7β,15α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (3). The structure elucidation of these metabolites was based primarily on HR-EIMS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR analyses.