感音神经性聋与分泌性中耳炎的相关性研究

目的：探讨感音神经性聋与分泌性中耳炎的关系。方法：对治疗后骨导听力下降仍未恢复的38例分泌性中耳炎患者进行分析，观察健耳和患耳在不同频率的骨导听阈情况，并分别就其发病年龄、病程、积液性质和积液量与骨导听阈的关系进行观察。结果：患耳在不同频率的骨导听阈均大于健耳（均P＜0．01）；年龄愈大、病程愈长，感音神经性聋发生率愈高；积液为黏液者发生率高于浆液者；但与积液量无明显关系。结论：分泌性中耳炎可导致感音神经性聋，其发病原因和机制是多方面的，年龄大、病程长、积液为黏液者更易导致感音神经性聋的发生；应提高认识，早诊断，早治疗。     

儿童分泌性中耳炎相关骨导听力下降的临床分析

目的：分析儿童分泌性中耳炎相关的骨导听力下降的病因、诊断和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析150例（225耳）分泌性中耳炎儿童中35例（37耳）骨导听力下降的临床资料。结果：35例患儿均给予鼓膜切开置管或（和）鼻内镜下腺样体切除术,术后给予药物治疗。34例患儿骨导听阈恢复正常,1例患儿随访6个月改善不明显。结论：35例（23．3％）患儿的暂时性听阈移位或永久性听阈移位的发病机制与分泌性中耳炎有关。儿童分泌性中耳炎的发病病程中有发展成骨导听力下降的可能,应引起高度重视,及早干预避免病情发展。     

成人分泌性中耳炎所致骨导听力下降的初步研究

目的:初步研究成人分泌性中耳炎(OME)所致的骨导听力下降.方法:2009-03-2010-02间收集的成人OME 50例,比较51耳中耳穿刺抽液前、后骨导听阈变化;单耳发病对耳健康者,将患耳穿刺前骨导听阈和健耳进行比较24例,穿刺后骨导与健耳比较22例,痊愈后骨导与健耳比较9例,痊愈后高频、超高频与健耳比较4例.结果:中耳穿刺抽出中耳积液后骨导听力在各频(0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 kHz)均明显提高,4.0 kHz最显著;单耳发病对耳健康者2耳比较,穿刺前患耳骨导听力(0.5~4.0 kHz)下降,穿刺和痊愈后多数可以恢复至健耳水平;4例中有3例患耳痊愈后的高频、超高频(8、10、12、16 kHz)与健耳相比听力下降.结论:OME的中耳积液和内耳损伤均可引起骨导听力下降,但0.5~4.0 kHz频区的骨导听力下降多由中耳积液所致,内耳损伤早期主要表现为高频、超高频区的听力下降,随病程延长可向较低频区发展.     

儿童与成人分泌性中耳炎临床特征比较

目的 探讨儿童与成人分泌性中耳炎的临床特征的异同.方法 回顾性分析我科2004年3月～2006年3月诊治的84例(104耳)儿童和41例(53耳)成人分泌性中耳炎患者的临床资料,比较其病因、病程、首发症状和听力受损特征的异同.结果 儿童分泌性中耳炎患者平均病程较成人短,病因以腺样体肥大和上呼吸道感染为主,首诊原因多为耳痛,其次为听力下降;成人患者病程较长,病因以慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉和鼻咽部新生物为主,首诊原因多为听力下降,其次为耳闷.儿童与成人患者都可出现骨导听阈提高,以2、4、8 kHz为主.结论 儿童与成人分泌性中耳炎患者在病因、病程及首发症状等方面有所不同,且儿童患者可造成言语语言发育迟缓,应及早诊治.     

分泌性中耳炎骨导听阈改变的临床观察

目的证实分泌性中耳炎可导致感音神经性聋,为临床干预分泌性中耳炎,尤其是顽固的分泌性中耳炎提供依据.方法115例(164耳)分泌性中耳炎患者治愈后或未愈患者病程中复查的纯音测听检查结果,记录0.5、1、2、4kHz频率骨导听阈,计算骨导听力损失dB数.分为单侧组66例,双侧组49例,将66例单耳患者的健耳作为对照组.结果在164耳中,出现骨导听阈提高的共94耳(57.3%).双侧组与单侧组骨导听力损失程度差异均无显著性(P>0.05);单侧组和双侧组患耳在同一频率的骨导听力损失程度相似,且平均的骨导听力损失程度也相似;不同频率之间的骨导听力损失不同,4kHz的骨导听力损失为最大.结论半数以上分泌性中耳炎可以导致感音神经性聋.在不同频率间的骨导听力损失不同,以高频损失为主,并有向语言频率区过渡的趋势.     

儿童分泌性中耳炎的听力学分析

目的 分析儿童分泌性中耳炎的听力学特征,探讨不同听力学测试方法在儿童分泌性中耳炎诊断中的作用和准确性,为儿童分泌性中耳炎的诊断提供理论依据.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月～2011年6月诊断为分泌性中耳炎住院治疗的46例(81耳)患儿的资料.所有患儿均行中耳鼓膜切开,将声导抗、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、听性脑干反应(ABR)、纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,PTA)结果与术中所见进行比较分析,了解不同听力学测试方法在评估儿童分泌性中耳炎中的作用和准确性.结果 ①46例(81耳)患儿的DPOAE检查结果均提示双耳未通过,声导抗检查均为B型导抗图.鼓膜切开证实70耳有分泌物(86.42%),11耳无明显分泌物(13.58%).②34例(59耳)行ABR测试的患儿,鼓膜切开证实49耳(83.05%)有积液,其中6耳ABR反应阈正常,43耳ABR反应阈升高;46耳ABRⅠ波潜伏期延长,3耳Ⅰ波潜伏期正常.鼓膜切开证实无积液的10耳(16.95%),5耳ABR反应阈正常,5耳ABR反应阈升高;4耳ABRⅠ波潜伏期延长,6耳Ⅰ波潜伏期正常.③12例(22耳)行PTA测试的患儿,所有耳的听阈值均异常,气骨导差均大于10 dB,鼓膜切开证实22耳均有积液.④统计学分析结果显示,ABR气导反应阈值(Kappa=0.364,P<0.01)、Ⅰ波潜伏期(Kappa=0.561,P<0.01)与中耳积液有相关性.结论 声导抗测试对评估儿童分泌性中耳炎有较高的敏感性,PTA气导听阈及气骨导差、ABR气导反应阈值、ABRⅠ波潜伏期及DPOAE亦可较好地反映儿童中耳功能.     

儿童分泌性中耳炎的外科手术干预

目的探讨儿童分泌性中耳炎的手术干预方式，为儿童听力筛查中分泌性中耳炎患儿的干预措施选择提供临床资料。方法总结2004-2008年我院90例儿童分泌性中耳炎接受手术治疗且资料完整者45例（82耳）的年龄特点、听力下降时间、手术方式、手术前后听力状况比较。结果术前平均纯音听阈FrrA（pure-tone threshold average，500Hz，1000Hz，2000Hz，4000Hz听阈均值）从8dBHL-61dBHL，平均（34.8&#177;12.09）dBHL。术后PTA从0dB HL-38dB HL，平均（15.9&#177;7.88）dB HL，3耳术后听闯提高，4耳无改善，75耳听阈降低，占91.5％，平均听阈降低18.9dBHL。手术方式：鼓膜置管术9例，腺样体切除＋鼓膜置管术29例，腺样体切除＋扁桃体切除＋鼓膜置管术7例。结论腺样体切除＋鼓膜置管术是我们治疗儿童分泌性中耳炎的基本术式；扁桃体切除术不作为治疗分泌性中耳炎常规选择；对儿童分泌性中耳炎的术式选择应该个体化。     

慢性化脓性中耳炎与感音神经性聋的相关性分析

目的：探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎与感音神经性聋之间的相关性。方法：回顾分析174例单侧慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的骨导阈值改变。采用配对t检验分析0．5kHz，1．0kHz，2．0kHz，4．0kHz患耳与健耳骨导阈值的差异，单因素方差分析法分析胆脂瘤存在及听骨链破坏对语频(0．5kHz，1．0kHz，2．0kHz)和4．0kHz骨导阈值的影响，直线回归法讨论了语频和4．0kHz骨导阈值改变与年龄和病程之间的相关性。结果：患耳与健耳各频率骨导阈值之间差异有统计学意义。语频骨导听力损失程度随着患者年龄的增加而逐渐加重。胆脂瘤的存在以及听骨链破坏亦未增加感音神经性聋的发生概率。结论：慢性化脓性中耳炎可引起感音神经性聋。高频骨导听阈较低频更易受到影响。     

慢性化脓性中耳炎骨导听力下降的影响因素分析

目的探讨引起慢性化脓性中耳炎骨导听阈提高的因素。方法回顾性分析240例单侧慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的临床资料,对语频区和4.0kHz骨导听力与听骨链、胆脂瘤、鼓膜穿孔的情况作统计学分析。结果患耳与健耳骨导听力阈值之间差异有统计学意义。听骨链破坏和鼓膜穿孔的部位对骨导听阈有一定的影响。结论慢性化脓性中耳炎可引起骨导听力下降。部分患者是由于中耳病变所致,因此积极的治疗可能提高患者的骨导听力。     

伴骨导听力下降的分泌性中耳炎临床特征及疗效分析

目的 探讨伴有骨导听力下降的分泌性中耳炎患者的临床特征及疗效,分析其可能原因,为临床诊治提供借鉴。方法 分析2018年11月至2022年3月于我院接受治疗的23例（31耳）伴骨导听力下降的分泌性中耳炎患者的一般临床资料、治疗方案及疗效。结果 患耳侧别：双耳8例,左耳11例,右耳4例;伴随症状：耳鸣16耳,耳闷14耳,耳痛4耳,眩晕3耳;鼓室导抗图：“B”型图27耳,“C”型图3耳,“AS”型图1耳;纯音听阈：入院气导平均听阈（59.9±18.7）dB HL,骨导平均听阈（34.7±14.6）dB HL,治疗后气导平均听阈（42.6±16.3）dB HL,骨导平均听阈（26.9±12.3）dB HL;治疗方案：所有患者入院后均予以鼻喷激素、粘液促排剂、营养神经药物等综合治疗;疗效：痊愈11耳（35.5%）,有效6耳（19.4%）,无效14耳（45.1%）。结论 分泌性中耳炎患者可出现骨导听力下降,其具体机制尚不明确,出现骨导听力下降者,其听力损失程度一般较重,耳鸣为其常见伴随症状,确诊后应以综合治疗方案积极治疗,具有一定疗效。临床需引起重视,避免误诊及漏诊。     

Clinicostatical study on the sensorineural hearing loss accompanying otitis media with effusion

It is pointed out that sensorineural hearing loss sometimes accompanies otitis media with effusion. In order to clarify the incidence and clinical features of sensorineural hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion, the cases over the past ten years were reviewed. During the period from January 1979 through December 1988, 1338 patients were diagnosed to have otitis media with effusion and showed reliable audiograms in our clinic. Among these patients, 237 patients (17.7%) showed sensorineural hearing loss, defined as a bone conduction loss of 25 dB or more at any one of the frequencies of 500 through 4 kHz. The incidence of sensorineural hearing loss increased as the age of the patients increased. By analyzing their clinical course, these 237 patients were classified into 3 groups according to the etiological relationship of sensorineural hearing loss and otitis media with effusion. In Group A which comprises 14 patients (1.0%), a strong causal relationship was suspected. This group was further divided into 2 subgroups. In one subgroup of 4 patients, sensorineural hearing loss developed rather rapidly during the course of otitis media with effusion and recovered gradually. In the other subgroup of 10 patients, sensorineural hearing loss progressed and did not recover. The clinical features of these 2 subgroups were quite different. In Group B which comprises 50 patients (3.7%), causal relationship was suspected but was not confirmed. Many of the patients in this group showed unilateral otitis media with effusion and the sensorineural hearing loss in the same ear, which was characteristically demonstrated as bone conduction loss at 2 and 4 kHz.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Elevation of bone conduction threshold in children with middle ear effusion

A retrospective study of children having otitis media with effusion revealed fluctuations in bone conduction thresholds as well as in air conduction thresholds. Previous investigations in this area presented both low- and high-tone bone conduction hearing loss which were reversible. We conducted a detailed study including complete otologic, audiologic and tympanometric evaluation of 27 (41 ears) children who had fluctuating bone conduction hearing loss. From these audiologic examinations, 3 types of bone conduction hearing loss could be classified: high-tone, low-tone and flat-type bone conduction hearing loss. We observed the shift of bone conduction thresholds in children after removal of middle-ear fluids by the appropriate medical management.     

Sensorineural hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is known to occur in various types of otitis media. Although the mechanism by which SNHL develops in association with otitis media with effusion (OME) is unknown, several hypotheses have been advocated up to now. We reviewed the clinical records of children with otitis media with effusion (OME) to reveal the association with sensorineural hearing loss. The material consisted of 71 children (119 ears) who were diagnosed as having OME and gave reliable audiograms in our clinic during an 11 month period from February 1997 through January 1998. From these cases those which showed bone conduction loss of 25 dB or higher at any one of the frequencies of 250 through 4 kHz were selected and considered to be cases of SNHL. Eight cases (9%) which had temporary threshold shift (TTS) or permanent threshold shift (PTS) were considered to be etiologically related to OME. The clinical course in each of these cases with SNHL was reviewed and evaluated in detail. We noted that all children with TTS improved completely. The result of this study indicates that we have to be aware of a possible development of SNHL during the course of OME.     

No association between hearing loss due to bilateral otitis media with effusion and Denver-II test results in preschool children

OBJECTIVE: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is the most common cause of acquired hearing loss in childhood and has been associated with delayed language development and behavioral problems. In this study, children with an evidently recurrent otitis media were investigated. The present study examines the association between hearing loss versus developmental screening test parameters of preschool children. METHODS: Sixteen children with bilateral otitis media were compared with age-matched same number of children with normal hearing (controls). RESULTS: Language and verbal cognitive abilities were not affected significantly as a result of the presence of hearing loss because of OME. Using internationally standardized Denver-II test to evaluate the language development and other developmental screening parameters, no significant difference was found between the patient and control groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study failed to find any association between the hearing loss due to otitis media with effusion and speech and language parameters in preschool children.     

A 14-year prospective follow-up study of children treated early in life with tympanostomy tubes: Part 2: Hearing outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To determine hearing outcomes in young children receiving early and repeated tympanostomy tube insertion for recurrent acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion. DESIGN: Prospective 14-year follow-up. SETTING: Central Hospital of Central Finland, a tertiary care hospital.Patients Three hundred five consecutive infants and young children with otitis media received initial tympanostomy tube insertion at the age of 5 to 16 months. The final study group comprised 237 patients (77.7%) attending the 14-year checkups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At the 14-year checkups, children received clinical examinations and audiometric testing for the determination of bone and air conduction pure-tone thresholds. RESULTS: The mean pure-tone average of 177 healed ears was 4.3 dB. The mean pure-tone average of all ears was 5.8 dB, with significantly poorer results in ears with abnormal outcomes such as grade II or higher pars tensa retraction, otitis media with effusion, and tympanic membrane perforation. Thirteen (5.5%) of 237 ears had a hearing level worse than 15 dB, and the better ear hearing level was poorer than 15 dB in 3 patients. CONCLUSIONS: The hearing level of healed ears was comparable to that of age-matched normal ears. Hearing losses were infrequent, of slight grade, and, when present, almost exclusively conductive and related to unsuccessful otological outcomes. From the hearing point of view, repeated tympanostomy tube insertion for recurrent acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion early in life is a safe treatment.     

以听力突然下降为特征的分泌性中耳炎（附24例报告）

目的：提高对以听力突然下降为特征的分泌性中耳炎的确诊率。方法：回顾性分析24例（28耳）以听力突然下降为特征的分泌性中耳炎的临床资料,结果：11例患者被误诊或漏诊,各频率的平均气导阈值在60．2－66．5dBHL,平均骨导阈值在40．5－58．6dBHL,听力图示感音神经性聋9耳,混合性聋19耳,鼓室压图为B型,治疗后听力明显改善,结论,鼓室积液影响圆窗及卵圆窗间的相位差,导致听力突下降,它们的听力图无特征,并对产生误诊的原因进行了讨论。     

Otological and audiological outcomes five years after tympanostomy in early childhood

OBJECTIVE: Ventilation tubes in the treatment of otitis media in young children remain controversial. Despite abundant research, few prospective long-term follow-up studies have included even a minority of patients under 1 year old. We investigated long-term otological and audiological outcomes in children with recurrent acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion, who were treated early with ventilation tubes. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective follow-up. METHODS: Three hundred five children under 17 months of age received a primary tympanostomy in the Central Hospital of Central Finland (Jyv?skyl?, Finland), and those 281 (92.1%) who were monitored prospectively for 5 years made up the study group. At the final examination, pneumatic otoscope and otomicroscope were used and pure-tone audiometric thresholds of air and bone conduction were measured to define the hearing levels (mean of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 KHz thresholds). RESULTS: Of ears, 67.3% were healed, 7.1% had a retraction of tympanic membrane in pars flaccida and 9.6% in pars tensa, 7.5% had an ongoing otitis media with effusion, 3.9% had a ventilation tube in place, and 4.6% had a tympanic membrane perforation with mean hearing levels of 7.6, 9.0, 16.0, 18.5, 10.5, and 17.7 dB, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Hearing in general was well preserved, and no ear presented with adhesive otitis media or cholesteatoma. Adverse otological and audiological outcomes of these young children did not exceed those presented by others for older counterparts. Tympanic membrane perforations, ongoing otitis media with effusion, and pars tensa retractions were causes of mild conductive hearing loss. Because one third of ears continued to have middle ear disease or sequelae, we emphasize the proper follow-up and restoration of middle ear ventilation with repeat ventilation tubes if not otherwise achieved.     

慢性化脓性中耳炎骨导听力分析

对530例单耳慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的骨导听力损失情况进行总结和回顾性分析,探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎对耳蜗的损害.530例患者均未接受过耳科手术治疗,对侧耳为正常耳(作对照耳),其中男328例,女202例;年龄10～56岁,平均34岁;病程3个月～50年,平均20.19年.所有病例均采用Mad-sen—OB 822纯音测听仪在隔声室对患耳和正常耳进行听力测试,并对骨导听阈的平均值进行统计学处理,对影响骨导听力的因素做相关分析.所有患者中有334例(63.01%)发生骨导听力损害.0.5～4 kHz每个频率的骨导听力均有损失,主要损害在2～4 kHz的骨导听力损害程度与年龄、病程和病变程度有关.慢性化脓性中耳炎可以导致耳蜗损害,并以蜗底损害为著.