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1.
随着乳腺钼靶广泛用于40岁以上女性人群的普查,不能触及肿块的乳腺癌的病例逐渐增多。早期诊断出此类疾病可获得良好的预后。而早期诊断不但依赖于组织病理学,更依赖于在合适的影像学检查定位下获得可靠的组织标本。在诊断不能触及的乳腺病变上,金属丝定位手术活检的金标准已被粗针活检所取代。  相似文献   

2.
杨振华  戴宏季  闫烨  陈可欣 《肿瘤》2012,32(1):56-59
目的:探讨乳腺癌筛查在乳腺癌早期诊断和早期治疗中的作用,为中国开展乳腺癌筛查项目提供参考依据.方法:2008年7月-2009年9月在天津、南昌、肥城和沈阳这4个城市开展了横断面多中心乳腺癌筛查项目.在22 960例无临床症状妇女中最终确诊67例乳腺癌病例,并收集同期同年龄段至天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院就诊并确诊的1 547例乳腺癌患者的资料.结果:在筛查出的乳腺癌患者中,原位癌占11.9%;而在临床就诊而确诊的乳腺癌患者中,原位癌占6.8%(P=0.136).与临床就诊而确诊的乳腺癌患者相比,筛查出的浸润性乳癌癌患者中,早期、低病理分级、肿瘤较小、淋巴结阴性和无远处转移者更多(P=0.003,P=0.010,P=0.008,P=0.000和P=0.004).结论:与非筛查的乳腺癌患者相比,通过开展乳腺癌筛查项目检查出的乳腺癌患者具有较好的病理特征.  相似文献   

3.
20世纪90年代,在手术室对不可触及乳腺肿瘤进行超声引导定位的工作已经开展。术中彩色多普勒超声对提高不可触及乳腺肿瘤切除术的手术质量、提高手术标本切缘阴性率、减少副损伤起着重要的作用。能否准确定位和定性~直是不可触及乳腺肿瘤手术的难点。术中超声为乳腺外科医师提供了简单有效的术中定位和导向技术,具有简便、无创、无并发症和价廉等优点,避免了传统手术肿瘤表面皮肤定位不准确、以肿块为中心区段切除术手术创伤大等缺点。现将本院开展彩色多普勒超声在不可触及乳腺肿瘤切除术的临床经验报道如下。  相似文献   

4.
目的分析不可触及肿块的乳腺癌病灶定位情况。方法收集325例不可触及肿块的乳腺癌患者应用125I粒子定位技术的资料。结果患者的平均年龄为59.5(SD11.9)岁。超声引导定位275例,立体定位45例,两种技术合并定位5例。125I粒子定位后平均(SD)第4(5)天,手术去除粒子。手术平均时间为62.9(21.2)min。完全切除肿瘤310例(95.4%)。结论应用125I的放射粒子定位对不可触及乳腺癌安全可靠,并提高乳房肿瘤切除率。  相似文献   

5.
乳腺癌VEGF的表达与肿瘤生物学特性的关系   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
目的:研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床生物学特性的关系。方法:应用免疫组化S-P法和RT-PCR法检测VEGF、在42例乳腺癌和相应正常乳腺组织中的表达。结果:免疫组化和RT-PCR检测结果显示,42例乳腺癌组织中VEGF的阳性表达率分别为59,5%(25/42)和73.8%(31/42),明显高于正常乳腺组织VEGF的阳性率16.7%(7/42)和23,8%(10/42),VEGF的高表达与乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移密切相关。结论:乳腺癌组织中存在VEGF的过量表达,并且与癌组织淋巴结转移有关:检测VEGF有可能作为预测乳腺癌转移潜能和预后的重要指标。  相似文献   

6.
[目的]探讨基底细胞样乳腺癌(BLBC)的免疫组化特征及其意义。[方法]采用免疫组化检测46例BLBC中细胞角蛋白、肌上皮标记以及EGFR、p53、ERCCl、cKit和Ki67的表达,并通过与激素受体阳性乳腺癌(HR^+乳腺癌)的比较,分析BLBC免疫组化特点。[结果]58.7%和43.5%BLBC组织中分别表达高分子角蛋白CK5/6和CK14。32.6%、13.0%、15.2%和15.2%BLBC分别表达肌上皮标记SMA、p63、CD10和S100。高分子角蛋白和肌上皮标记表达率均高于HR^+乳腺癌。BLBC中Vimentin、p53和Ki67阳性率分别为45.7%、60.9%和43.5%,均高于HR^+乳腺癌。EGFR、ERCCl和cKit阳性率分别为65.2%、34.8%和30.4%,与HR^+乳腺癌比较差异均有统计学意义。[结论]BLBC是一组可表达高分子角蛋白及肌上皮标记、细胞增殖活跃和具有侵袭倾向的乳腺癌。EGFR和ERCCl检测可用于指导临床治疗。  相似文献   

7.
乳腺癌微血管密度与临床病理特征和预后的关系   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
目的 观察乳腺癌组织中微血管密度 (microvesseldensity ,MVD) ,分析其与临床病理特征的关系及对预后的影响。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法 (Immunohistochemistry ,IHC)检测 4 7例手术切除的乳腺癌组织中微血管密度 (MVD) ,并与临床病理特征及预后进行统计分析。结果 肿瘤组织中 2 0 0倍视野内微血管计数范围为 2 1~ 89,平均为 4 3.13± 15 .4 0 ,中位数为 4 2。淋巴结转移 >3个者微血管密度明显增高 ,与淋巴结阴性者有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;复发转移者较无病生存者微血管密度明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,而与月经状况、肿瘤大小、组织分级和激素受体状况无关 (P >0 .0 5 )。Kaplan -Meier生存分析结果表明 :高MVD(>4 2 )和低MVD(≤ 4 2 )两组总生存期 (overallsurvival,OS)和无病生存期 (diseasefreesurvival,DFS)均有显著性差异 ,分别为P <0 .0 1和P <0 .0 5。Cox风险比例模型单因素分析表明 :肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移和微血管密度是影响OS和DFS的独立预后因素 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而多因素分析则上述各种因素均无明显相关性。结论 MVD与淋巴结的转移数目、复发转移状态、无病生存和总生存相关 ,有可能成为乳腺癌另一预后预测因素。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]探讨未触及肿块的乳腺微小癌应用X线技术早期诊断。[方法]选择伴有高危因素的绝经后乳腺局限性增厚者作X线摄影检查,对其影像诊断与病理证实的微小癌进行对比研究。[结果]确诊的4例微小癌中有2例浸润性导管癌(0.7cm×0.5cm和0.9cm×0.8cm)的X线征象分别为恶性集簇钙化和导管内钙化;另1例浸润性导管癌(1.0cm×0.5cm)的X线征象为恶性钙化1例导管内癌(即原位癌1.0cm×0.8cm)的X线征象为0.7cm×0.4cm的小结节。[结论]选择性的X线摄影方法有助于早期发现潜伏性乳腺微小癌。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨乳腺癌患者中C-erbB-2基因的表达情况与各临床病理参数之间的关系.方法:应用免疫组化SP法,研究156例乳腺癌患者中C-erbB-2基因的表达.结果:C-erbB-2基因的表达与病人患病时年龄无相关性,而与癌组织学类型、淋巴结转移、临床分期及术后生存期的长短有相关性.结论:C-erbB-2基因表达可望作为乳腺癌研究中的重要指标之一,对乳腺癌预后判定可能有重要意义.  相似文献   

10.
乳腺X线片内显示微灶钙化患者18例进行乳腺X线立体定位手术活检,并进行组织学的诊断.  相似文献   

11.
To乳腺癌的X线诊断   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
目的:总结To乳腺癌X线特征及与病理的关系。方法;对120例次乳腺To癌患者中,有乳腺X线检查的97例次病例进行了回顾性分析。结果:To乳腺癌的X线检查阳性率为32.99%,可疑率21.65%,合计54.64%。To乳腺癌X线表现以局限致浸润及钙化为主,占X线阳性表现病例中66%,以肿块为表现者罕见,仅3例。  相似文献   

12.
1987年以来通过联合诊断发现T0乳腺癌23例,多有一定易感因素,且乳房出现不同程度的细微变化,甚至腋窝淋巴结肿大。均手术治疗,1例乳腺内未发现癌灶,腋窝淋巴结转移30%。提出T0乳腺癌多为早期癌,但又不完全是早期癌。强调应重视乳腺癌的易感因素及乳房的细微变化,对乳腺组织切检宜放宽指征,提倡联合诊断。  相似文献   

13.
Preoperative parameters were assessed for their usefulness inpredicting tumor volume in 26 cases of nonpalpable prostatecancer. The number of positive biopsy cores was found to bethe parameter which predicted most accurately tumor volume insurgical specimens. All 14 patients with multiple positive coreshad an index tumor of 0.5 cm3 or more in radical prostatectomyspecimens. Only six tumors with a single positive core weresubstantial. Three of the patients showed a serum level of prostatespecific antigen (PSA) of 4.0 ng/ml or more. The pathologicalstage and prostatectomy Gleason sum could not be predicted accuratelyby this variable (P < 0.05). To predict index tumor volumesof 1.0 cm3 or greater, stepwise logistic regression analysiswas conducted, and on the basis of the results it was possibleto single out multiple positive biopsies as the only significantvariable. The number of positive biopsies appeared reliablefor predicting tumor volume of surgical specimens in cases ofnonpalpable disease. The presence of significant tumors despite"normal" levels of PSA warrants further investigation of variablesthat can predict such prostate cancers. An adequate model forpredicting significant tumors in oriental male populations shouldbe established using samples of larger size.  相似文献   

14.
15.
目的探讨应用乳腺摄片结合定位系统,对临床触诊阴性的乳腺内微小病变进行穿刺定位乳腺活检术的价值。方法回顾性分析总结82例临床触诊阴性、乳腺摄片发现乳腺的微小病变患者,实行穿刺定位引导下行外科切除活检术。结果82例患者均一次性手术切除病灶,金属定位线完整取出,无1例并发症,术后诊断乳腺癌22例(26.50%),余60例为良性病变。结论金属线定位行外科活检,是临床触诊阴性乳腺内微小病变定性诊断的有效方法,安全可靠。术前准确定位,病灶完全切除,术中冷冻准确是其成功关键。  相似文献   

16.

Introduction

Various factors affect breast cancer prognosis; however, little information is available regarding the role of primary tumor site. The purpose of this study was to compare the survival and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with breast cancer by primary tumor location.

Materials and Methods

We analyzed a prospectively collected single-institution breast cancer registry. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate the association of tumor site with positive lymph node status, presence of metastasis, time to recurrence or death, and events of recurrence or death. Patients with tumors originating from the upper-outer quadrant were the reference group.

Results

From 2003 to 2015, 5295 patients with breast cancer were identified. Tumors originated from the upper-outer quadrant (36.2%), upper-inner quadrant (13.1%), lower-outer quadrant (9.8%), lower-inner quadrant (7.6%), nipple (1.2%), axillary tail (0.3%), or overlapping (24.7%). Tumors originated from overlapping lesions (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-1.83) had higher odds of positive axillary lymph nodes, whereas tumors from the upper-inner (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.84) and lower-inner quadrant (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56-0.93) had lower odds. Tumors from the lower-outer quadrant were associated with lower risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46-0.88), whereas tumors from overlapping lesions had higher risk (hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05-1.55).

Conclusion

The site of primary tumor may be an important characteristic affecting the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.  相似文献   

17.
抑癌基因PTEN与乳腺癌   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
夏欣 《世界肿瘤杂志》2009,8(3):191-196,F0002
抑癌基因PTEN是一个特异性的双向磷酸酶。PTEN缺失或突变能引起PIP3的积累,是由于反应性的引起P13K的激活所致,进而激活AKT引起一系列下游靶向物质的激活。本文总结了在乳腺癌中PTEN与一些癌基因和抑癌基因(如PIK3CA、BRCA1、Profilin—1(Pfn1)和SHIP2)的相互作用,及PTEN核定位的一些机理;阐述了PTEN的表达状态与癌细胞对化疗药物敏感性之间的关系,旨在说明其对于乳腺癌治疗具有的指导意义。希望本文关于PTEN失调的表述有助于今后提升乳腺癌病人的诊断、治疗和预后。  相似文献   

18.

Background

The metastasis of axillary lymph node (ALNs) is a critical step in the initial cancer staging of newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) patients. Various imaging modalities can enhance the sensitivity of clinical examination in assessing the ALN status.

Patients and Methods

We enrolled 135 patients with BC, confirmed via histopathology, including 4 bilateral BC cases. A total of 139 ipsilateral ALNs adjacent to the breast lesion were examined via physical examination, ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); of these, 100 were nonpalpable ALNs, as determined by experienced breast surgeons and physicians. The relative size parameters on MRI and US images were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared.

Results

Of 139 ALNs, 67 (48%) were malignant and 72 (52%) were benign on pathological examination. In all of the ALNs, the US short diameter appeared to be the most discriminative quantitative measurement for detecting positive findings (AUC, 0.854). In nonpalpable ALNs as well, the US short diameter exhibited the greatest discriminability (AUC, 0.746). However, the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional parameters on MRI did not exhibit any significant differences between the enrolled and nonpalpable ALNs (P > .05).

Conclusion

The shortest diameter on US exhibited better discriminative ability than MRI for predicting positive ALNs in nonpalpable axillae. Moreover, the 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional parameters on MRI did not differ in terms of discriminability.  相似文献   

19.
Summary During the last 20 years an ever increasing number of nonpalpable breast lesions (NPBL) have been identified. A cytohistological definition is required to establish the correct diagnostic classification of these lesions and the suitable therapy to be used. The Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), the Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation (ABBI) system or the Vacuum Assisted Core Biopsy (VACB) represent valid alternatives to the surgical excision with needle localisation. 591 NPBL have been included in the present study. The suspected grade of each lesion was then assigned according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) of the American College of Radiology. All the BI-RADS 4 and 5, and all the BI-RADS 3 lesions, which after 6-month follow-up showed altered morphology, were sampled for cytological and/or histological examinations by FNAC, VACB or biopsy by ABBI system. The diagnostic algorithm used in this study obviated a surgical procedure in 574 women (97.1%), yielding a 73.9% decrease in the cost of diagnosis compared with surgical biopsy, and a 48.1% decrease in cost if all lesions had been histologically tested using ABBI or VACB procedure. Compared to surgical biopsy, VACB and ABBI system are less expensive, and have smaller emotional and aesthetical impact on patients; however they retain the same sensitivity and specificity.  相似文献   

20.
目的 探讨实验动物肿瘤的端粒酶表达及其生物学特性。方法 将 40只BALB/c小鼠随机分为H2 2 及MA782 2个组 ,每只小鼠左腹股沟皮下分别接种H2 2 、MA782 活细胞 5× 10 6个。连续观察移植瘤的生长 ,并对其组织切片进行观察及端粒酶PCRELISA检测。结果 H2 2 和MA782 的接种成功率均为 10 0 %。H2 2 的肿瘤生长速度较MA782 快 ,H2 2 的肿瘤体积显著大于MA782(P <0 .0 1)。H2 2 的核分裂像较MA782 更多见。H2 2 和MA782 的端粒酶活性均为阳性 ,且H2 2 的端粒酶A值 ( 1.6 72± 0 .15 6 )显著高于MA782 的端粒酶A值 ( 0 .817± 0 .14 2 ) ,P <0 .0 1。结论 H2 2 和MA782 是较好的移植性肿瘤动物模型。H2 2 与MA782 比较 ,H2 2 的核分裂像更多见 ,肿瘤生长更快。H2 2 和MA782 均表达端粒酶活性 ,且H2 2 较MA782 高 ,H2 2 有更高的恶性潜能。  相似文献   

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