复方黄柏散的镇痛抗炎作用

目的:观察复方黄柏散(CHB)的镇痛抗炎作用。方法:实验采用热板法和扭体法观察CHB的镇痛作用。采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验和大鼠肉芽肿实验来观察CHB的抗炎作用。另使用蛋清致大鼠足肿胀后测定大鼠炎性组织中前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量以及血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、一氧化氮(NO)含量和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性来探讨CHB可能的抗炎机制。结果:(1)与生理盐水组相比,CHB3个剂量组均能显著减少0.6%醋酸致小鼠扭体次数(P<0.05)并提高热板实验中小鼠的痛阈(P<0.05),表现出一定的剂量依赖性。(2)CHB中,高剂量组能显著缓解二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀(P<0.05)和抑制大鼠肉芽肿(P<0.05),其作用弱于阿司匹林。(3)CHB 3个剂量组均能显著抑制大鼠炎症部位PGE2(P<0.05)并升高血清SOD活性(P<0.05);CHB高剂量能降低血清NO含量(P<0.05)、NOS活性(P<0.05)。结论:CHB低剂量对化学刺激和热刺激所致疼痛表现出显著抑制作用,其中、高剂量表现出明显的抗炎作用,说明CHB是一个较好的镇痛抗炎药。其镇痛抗炎机制可能与其降低炎性组织中PGE2含量,提高血清中SOD活性并降低NOS活性和NO含量有关。     

止痛灵的镇痛抗炎作用

灌胃给止痛灵２６８．５或５３７．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ，能显著抑制小鼠冰醋酸扭体反应，并提高热板法的小鼠痛阈值（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；１３４．３，２６８．５和５３７．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ均能抑制小鼠巴豆油所致耳壳肿胀度（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；２６８．５和５３７．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ对大鼠蛋清性足跖肿胀度有抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；５３７．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ对大鼠肉芽肿的形成亦有抑制效果（Ｐ＜０．０５）。止痛灵ｉｇ小鼠ＬＤ５０为２．６９ｇ／ｋｇ，而阿司匹林ｉｇ小鼠ＬＤ５０为１．３６ｇ／ｋｇ。研究表明：止痛灵具有较强的镇痛、抗炎作用，且毒性较阿司匹林低。     

安胃丸抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的研究安胃丸的镇痛、抗炎作用。方法采用扭体法和热板法,观察安胃丸的镇痛作用;采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型和大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型,观察该药的抗炎作用。结果安胃丸各剂量组小鼠扭体次数显著减少;其中安胃丸中剂量可显著延长小鼠扭体潜伏期。安胃丸高剂量可提高热刺激小鼠的痛阈值。安胃丸各组二甲苯引起的小鼠耳肿胀度及大鼠棉球所致肉芽组织的质量显著降低。结论安胃丸具有良好的抗炎、镇痛作用。     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum stagninum

The n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Polygonum stagninum Buch.-Ham. ex Meissn. (Polygonaceae), a Bangladeshi medicinal plant, were assessed for analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in experimental mice and/or rat models. In the acetic-acid-induced writhing test in mice, all extracts displayed a dose dependent analgesic effect. The most potent analgesic activity was observed with the EtOAc extract at the dose of 400?mg/kg body weight, with an inhibition of writhing response of 50.3% compared to 62.2% for the positive control aminopyrine. Among the extracts, n-hexane extract at the doses of 200 and 400?mg/kg body weight showed the highest levels of anti-inflammatory activity after 2?h, with the inhibition of paw edema of 60.1% and 64.1%, respectively, and this effect was much better than that of the conventional anti-inflammatory agent phenylbutazone (maximum inhibition of 38.3% after 4?h).     

全叶马兰的抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的 :探讨全叶马兰的抗炎镇痛作用。方法 :用大白鼠足趾肿胀法和小白鼠耳廓肿胀法观察其抗炎作用 ;用大白鼠钾离子皮下透入致痛法和小白鼠扭体法 ,观察全叶马兰的镇痛作用。结果 :全叶马兰能对抗新鲜鸡蛋清和二甲苯的致炎作用 ,并能加强哌替啶的镇痛作用 ,与生理盐水对照组比较差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :全叶马兰有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。     

Renal effects of Mammea africana Sabine (Guttiferae) stem bark methanol/methylene chloride extract on L-NAME hypertensive rats

Objective:

The present study aims at evaluating the effects of methanol/methylene chloride extract of the stem bark of Mammea africana on the renal function of L-NAME treated rats.

Material and Methods:

Normotensive male Wistar rats were divided into five groups respectively treated with distilled water, L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day), L-NAME + L-arginine (100 mg/kg/day), L-NAME + captopril (20 mg/kg/day) or L-NAME + M. africana extract (200 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. Systolic blood pressure was measured before and at the end of treatment. Body weight was measured at the end of each week. Urine was collected 6 and 24 h after the first administration and further on day 15 and 30 of treatment for creatinine, sodium and potassium quantification, while plasma was collected at the end of treatment for the creatinine assay. ANOVA two way followed by Bonferonni or one way followed by Tukey were used for statistical analysis.

Results:

M. africana successfully prevented the rise in blood pressure and the acute natriuresis and diuresis induced by L-NAME. When given chronically, the extract produced a sustained antinatriuretic effect, a non-significant increase in urine excretion and reduced the glomerular hyperfiltration induced by L-NAME.

Conclusions:

The above results suggest that the methanol/methylene chloride extract of the stem bark of M. africana may protect kidney against renal dysfunction and further demonstrate that its antihypertensive effect does not depend on a diuretic or natriuretic activity.     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Argyreia speciosa root

Objective:

To study analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a methanolic extract (ME) of Argyreia speciosa (AS) root powder.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out using male albino mice (20-25 gm) and male wistar rats (100-150gm). The ME was prepared using soxhlet extraction process. The effect of ME of A. speciosa was investigated for analgesic activity using acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, tail immersion method and hot plate method. The anti-inflammatory activity of ME of AS roots was studied using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema.

Result:

The ME of A. speciosa root was used in pain and inflammation models. The analgesic activity of AS at the dose of (30,100, and 300 mg/kg p.o) showed significant (P<0.01) decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing, whereas ME of A. speciosa at the dose of (100, 300 mg/kg p.o) showed significant (P<0.01) increase in latency to tail flick in tail immersion method and elevated mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. The ME of the A. speciosa at doses (30, 100, and 300mg/kg) showed significant (P < 0.01) inhibition of carrageenan induced hind paw edema in rats.

Conclusion:

The ME of A. speciosa showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in mice and rat.     

Effects of the diluent type on compressional characteristics of the mixed stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Prosopis africana tablet formulation

The hot water extract of a mixture of stem barks of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Prosopis africana was formulated into tablets using the wet granulation method of massing and screening. The Heckel equation was used to study the compaction characteristics of the extract formulated with lactose (water-soluble) or magnesium carbonate (water-insoluble) as diluents. Granules prepared using magnesium carbonate were found to exhibit two stages of deformation - an initial fragmentation followed by plastic flow while those formulated with lactose consolidated mainly by plastic deformation. Compressibility profiles of the formulations were affected by the diluent type. Tensile strength of granules formulated with magnesium carbonate was found to increase as the compression pressure increased from 56.6 to 113.2 MN m(-2) while the tensile strength of tablets formulated with lactose had its maximum at a compression force of 84.9 MN m(-2).     

舒筋定痛胶囊抗炎镇痛药效学研究

目的:对制备工艺改进后的舒筋定痛胶囊进行抗炎镇痛药效学研究。方法:采用冰醋酸扭体法和热板法对小鼠进行镇痛试验;采用二甲苯耳肿法和角叉菜胶足跖肿胀法对小鼠进行抗炎试验。结果:制备工艺改进后的舒筋定痛胶囊其镇痛和抗炎作用显著优于工艺改进前的制剂,具有统计学显著性差异。结论:通过制备工艺改进,达到了减少服用剂量提高疗效的目的。     

退烧颗粒抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的研究退烧颗粒镇痛抗炎的药理活性,为临床用药提供指导。方法采用醋酸扭体法和热板法实验研究退烧颗粒的镇痛作用;采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法、鸡蛋清致大鼠足肿胀法考察退烧颗粒的抗炎作用。结果与模型组及对照组相比,退烧颗粒能够显著延长小鼠的疼痛潜伏期,明显提高小鼠痛阈值,减少扭体次数;抗炎作用研究表明,退烧颗粒对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和蛋清致大鼠足肿胀有显著抑制作用。结论退烧颗粒具有显著抗炎、镇痛作用,对感冒引起的发炎、疼痛等症状具有良好治疗作用。     

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects of Securidaca longepedunculata (Fresen.) [Polygalaceae] root-bark aqueous extract

The present study was undertaken to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycaemic properties of Securidaca longepedunculata (Fresen.) root-bark aqueous extract (SLE) in mice and rats. The analgesic effect of SLE was evaluated by 'hot-plate' and 'acetic acid' analgesic test methods in mice; while its anti-inflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects were examined in rats, using fresh egg albumin-induced pedal oedema, and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus models. Morphine (MPN, 10 mg/kg), diclofenac (DIC, 100 mg/kg) and chlorpropamide (250 mg/kg) were used as reference drugs for comparison. SLE (50-800 mg/kg i. p.) produced dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.05-0.001) analgesic effects against thermally- and chemically-induced nociceptive pain in mice. The plant's extract (SLE, 50-800 mg/kg p. o.) also dose-dependently and significantly inhibited (p < 0.05-0.001) fresh egg albumin-induced acute inflammation, and caused significant hypoglycaemia (p < 0.05-0.001) in normal (normoglycaemic) and STZ-treated diabetic (hyperglycaemic) rats. The results of this experimental animal study indicate that S. longepedunculata root-bark aqueous extract (SLE) possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycaemic properties. These findings lend pharmacological credence to the anecdotal, folkloric and ethnomedical uses of S. longepedunculata root-bark in the treatment, management and/or control of painful, arthritic, inflammatory conditions, as well as in the management and/or control of type 2 diabetes mellitus in some rural communities of South Africa.     

对氯芬酸的钠盐与锌盐抗炎镇痛作用比较

目的：比较双氯芬酸锌盐和钠盐的抗炎镇痛作用。方法：以等剂量的双氯芬酸钠为对照,用小鼠耳廓炎症法,大鼠足肿胀法和大鼠肉芽组织增生法对双氯芬酸锌的抗炎作用进行了比较。用热板法和扭体法对锌盐的镇痛作用进行了考察。结果：对小鼠耳廓炎症,锌盐与阴性对照组之间有显著性差异,锌盐在60min时对小鼠热板镇痛作用最强,在扭体法镇痛作用上锌盐与钠盐相当;20mg.kg^-1的剂量对大鼠足肿胀,锌盐作用强于钠盐;锌盐在抑制大鼠肉芽增生作用上明显优于阴性对照组。结论：从整体上来说,钠盐与锌盐抗炎镇痛作用相当。     

荫风轮总苷抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的考察荫风轮总苷的抗炎镇痛作用.方法观察荫风轮总苷(大鼠剂量20、10、5 mg·kg-1;小鼠剂量40、20、10mg·kg-1)对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型、角叉菜胶致大鼠关节肿胀模型和小鼠血管通透性的作用,应用小鼠热板法和扭体法试验观察药物镇痛作用.结果荫风轮总苷对小鼠毛细血管通透性有显著降低作用,对小鼠二甲苯致耳肿胀模型、大鼠角叉菜胶致关节肿胀模型有作用趋势,而对小鼠热板致痛和醋酸致痛无显著镇痛作用.结论荫风轮总苷具有一定的抗炎作用,但镇痛作用不明显.     

壮骨1号方镇痛抗炎作用研究

目的 观察壮骨1 号方的镇痛抗炎作用,为临床研究提供科学依据。方法 采用小鼠热板、醋酸扭体两种镇痛实验方法,观察壮骨1 号方的镇痛作用;采用小鼠二甲苯耳肿模型和大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型,观察壮骨1 号方的抗炎作用。结果 壮骨1 号方能有效地缓解由外界热刺激和化学性刺激引起的机体的疼痛,具有较好的镇痛作用,尤以高、中剂量效果显著;能有效的降低小鼠、大鼠的急性炎症和慢性炎症的发生,具有较好的抗炎效果。结论 壮骨1 号方具有显著的镇痛和抗炎效果。     

Evaluation of Antiaris africana methanol extract and compounds for antioxidant and antitumor activities

A methanol extract from the stem bark of Antiaris africana Engler (Moraceae), as well as compounds isolated and identified as betulinic acid (1), 3β-acetoxy-1β,11α-dihydroxy-olean-12-ene (2), ursolic acid (3), oleanolic acid (4), strophanthidol (5), periplogenin (6), convallatoxin (7), strophanthidinic acid (8), methyl strophanthinate (9), and 3,3′-dimethoxy-4′-O-β-d-xylopyronosylellagic acid (10), were tested for their antioxidant and anticancer activities. The DPPH radical scavenging assay was used for the antioxidant test while the potato disk tumor induction and XTT assays were used to detect antitumor activities. The antioxidant test showed that the methanol extract and compounds 1, 9, and 10, as well as vitamin C, used as reference antioxidant drug, were able to interact with more than 50% DPPH. The results of the potato disk tumor induction assay also indicated a pronounced tumor reducing activity of the methanol extract (83.12%) and compound 10 (96.64%). Samples showing more than 20% inhibition of Crown gall tumors were then tested against human DU-145 and hepatocarcinoma Hep G2 cells. The results showed inhibitory activities of 64.12% and 73.62%, respectively, on DU-145 and Hep G2 cells for the methanol extract. Compound 10 showed the highest inhibition potency on both cell lines with more than 70% inhibition at 50?μg/mL. The methanol extract showed an IC₅₀ value lower than this at 30?μg/mL, a threshold value for potential antineoplastic extracts. The results of the present study provide supportive data for the traditional anticancer use of A. africana and indicate that the methanol extract as well as compound 10 represent a potential source of medicine for the treatment of cancer, having also interesting antioxidant properties.     

4%与1%吲哚美辛乳膏的镇痛抗炎作用比较

目的:观察4%与1%吲哚美辛乳膏的镇痛抗炎作用.方法:以1%吲哚美辛乳膏为对比,对几种炎症、疼痛模型考察4%吲哚美辛乳膏的治疗作用.结果:4%吲哚美辛乳膏对甲醛致小鼠足部疼痛、热板法致小鼠足部疼痛、大鼠尾部压痛均有明显镇痛效果,对卡拉胶致大鼠足肿胀和二甲致小鼠耳肿胀有明显抗炎效果.结论:4%吲哚美辛乳膏具有明显的镇痛抗炎药效,优于1%吲哚美辛乳膏.     

青藤碱衍生物的合成及其抗炎镇痛活性青藤碱衍生物的合成及其抗炎镇痛活性

目的为定向设计合成高效低毒的新一代青藤碱类药物提供线索。方法以青藤碱为先导物,对C环进行结构改造。结果共合成7个衍生物,进行了抗炎镇痛活性的筛选,结果表明,化合物2和5具有较好的抗炎镇痛作用。结论C环结构修饰值得进一步研究。     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Ranunculus japonicus extract.

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Ranunculus japonicus extract after parenteral administration were determined in several animal models. The extract inhibited the mice writhing responses caused by acetic acid and raised the pain thresholds of mice in the hot-plate test. The extract also inhibited the paw edema of rats induced by carrageenin, ear swelling of mice caused by xylene, mice vascular permeability increase induced by acetic acid, and granuloma formation in rats.     

雷公藤内酯醇贴剂抗炎、镇痛作用研究

目的 研究雷公藤内酯醇贴剂的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法 通过小鼠耳廓肿胀、毛细血管通透性、肉芽肿以及大鼠角叉菜胶致炎实验,观察贴剂的抗炎效果;通过热板法、扭体法和电刺激法,观察贴剂的镇痛效果。结果 贴剂在雷公藤内酯醇含量为3.72,7.44,14.88 mg·m^-2内能有效抑制由二甲苯诱发的小鼠耳廓肿胀、腹部皮肤毛细血管通透性增高现象,抑制纸片引起小鼠肉芽组织增生以及角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀;并对醋酸所致小鼠腹痛扭体有抑制作用,提高鼠尾电刺激痛阈值。结论 雷公藤内酯醇贴剂对急、慢性炎症有良好抑制作用,对化学性刺激有一定镇痛效果。     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of amifostine, DRDE-07, and their analogs, in mice

Objectives:

To find out the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, if any, of Amifostine [S-2(3 amino propyl amino) ethyl phosphorothioate], DRDE-07 [S-2(3 amino ethyl amino) ethyl phenyl sulphide] and their analogs DRDE-30 and DRDE-35, the probable prophylactic agent for sulphur mustard (SM).

Materials and Methods:

In order to find out the analgesic activities of the compounds two methods were employed, namely, acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking. The persistent pain model of formalin-induced hind paw licking was carried out to test the effect of the compounds on neurogenic pain or early phase (0 to 5 minutes) and on the peripheral pain or the late phase (15 to 30 minutes). To test the effect of the compound in acute inflammation, carrageenan-induced hind paw edema was carried out. This model of inflammation involves a variety of mediators of inflammation.

Results:

DRDE-07 (81.7%) and DRDE-30 (79.4%) showed significant reduction in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. DRDE-07 (93.1%), DRDE-30 (82%), and DRDE-35 (61.3%) showed significant reduction in the second or late phase of formalin-induced paw licking. All the analogs (more than 60%) including amifostine (43.9%) showed significant reduction of paw edema in the carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice.

Conclusion:

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the antidotes were comparable with aspirin.