Χ－硒化卡拉胶与亚硒酸钠在兔的吸收与分布比较

给兔灌胃（ｉｇ）ｋａｐｐａ－硒化卡拉胶（　－ＳｅＣ）３８ｍｇ·ｋｇ~－１和亚硒酸钠１ｍｇ·ｋｇ~－１（均相当于Ｓｅ０．４５ｍｇ·ｋｇ~－１），结果显示　－ＳｅＣ组血Ｓｅ水平的ＡＵＣ＿０－７２ｈ为１２．８９±３．１３ｍｇ·Ｌ~－１·ｈ，显著高于亚硒酸钠组的８．６６±１．２０ｍｇ·Ｌ~－０１（Ｐ＜０．０５）；　－ＳｅＣ和亚硒酸钠组的Ｃｍａｘ分别为０．５５６±０．０８６ｍｇ·Ｌ~－１和０．４９３±０．０９１Ｓｅｍｇ·Ｌ~－１（Ｐ＞０．０５），Ｔｍａｘ分别为４．６５±１．１２ｈ和３．４７±１．０７ｈ（Ｐ＞０．０５）．ｉｇ后２４及７２ｈ，心、肝、肾、肺及软骨中的Ｓｅ含量，　－ＳｅＣ组显著高于亚硒酸钠组（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１）。     

μ—硒化卡拉胶与亚硒酸钠在兔的吸收与分布比较

给兔灌胃Ｋａｐｐａ－硒化卡拉胶３８ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１和亚酸钠１ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１，结果显示μ－ＳｅＣ组血Ｓｅ水平的ＡＵＣ０－７２ｈ为１２．８９±３．１３ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１．ｈ，显著高于亚硒酸钠组的８．６６±１．２０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１．ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；μ－ＳｅＣ和亚硒酸钠组的Ｃｍａｘ分别为０．５５６±０．０８６ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１和０．４９３±０．０９１Ｓｅｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１（ｐ＞０．０５），Ｔｍａｘ分别为４．６５±     

老年慢性阻塞性肺病患者的茶碱药代动力学及临床应用

４０例慢性阻塞性肺病患者进行氨茶碱药代动力学测定结果显示，慢性喘息性支气管炎消除速率常数（Ｋ）０·０９３４±０．０１４ｈ，消除半衰期（Ｔ＋）７·６±ｌ·２７，肺心病伴肺部感染或呼吸衰竭Ｋ０·０６５±０·０２ｈ－１‘，Ｔ１１·９９±３·８７ｈ，肺心病伴心、肝功能异常者Ｋ０·０３８±０．０１６ｈ－１‘Ｔ２１．４８±９·５ｈ．比较３种给药方法的血药浓度，并探讨适合我国老年ＣＯＰＤ患者的氨茶碱剂量。     

盐酸二甲双胍胶囊的药动学与相对生物利用度研究

目的　研究盐酸二甲双胍胶囊在正常人体内的药物动力学和相对生物利用度。方法　１０ 例健康男性志愿者,随机分为两组,分别交叉口服盐酸二甲双胍胶囊和片剂采用通过反相 Ｈ Ｐ Ｌ Ｃ 法测定盐酸二甲双胍在体内的药物浓度。结果　口服１ ０００ ｍｇ 盐酸二甲双胍胶囊片剂的达峰时间（ Ｔｍａｘ） 分别为１８３ ｈ ±０５６ ｈ 和１８３ ｈ ±０５０ ｈ ;峰浓度（ Ｃｍａｘ） 分别为２２５ ｍｇ· Ｌ－ １ ±０４９ ｍｇ· Ｌ－ １ 和２２４ ｍｇ· Ｌ－ １±０５０ ｍｇ· Ｌ－ １ ;消除半衰期（ Ｔ１／２β） 分别为２４０ ｈ ±０２３ ｈ和２４０ ｈ ±０２８ ｈ ;药时曲线下面积（ Ａ Ｕ Ｃ） 分别为１３４１ ｍｇ·ｈ － １· Ｌ－ １ ±３５５ ｍｇ·ｈ － １· Ｌ－ １ 和１２９９ ｍｇ·ｈ － １· Ｌ－ １ ±３３９ｍｇ·ｈ － １· Ｌ－ １ ,经ｔ 检验,两种剂型的药代动力学参数无显著性差异;口服盐酸二甲双胍胶囊对其片剂的相对生物利用度为１０３２４ ％ 。结论　两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

尿毒症伴心力衰竭者在血液透析过程中体内地高辛水平的动态观察及其临床意义

对７例尿毒症患者血液透析前后体内地高辛水平做了动态观察。用放射免疫法测定地高辛浓度，结果表明：（１）０．１２５ｍｇ·ｑｄ－１口服用药法安全可靠，服药６ｈ后的血清地高辛浓度皆在有效范围内；（２）透析末期及结束后的３ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）、５ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０１）、７ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）血清地高辛浓度产生“反跳”，平均升高（０．１７±０．０４）×１０－９ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１；（３）与对照组相比，血液透析对地高辛吸收相和分布相无显著性影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（４）次日给药比ｄ３给药血清地高辛浓度平均升高（０．１３±０．０６）×１０－９ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１；（５）透析液中无地高辛存在；（６）其中３例统计得出由尿排泄的地高辛是给药量的１３．１７％±３．５６％，为正常人排出量的１４．３％。     

罗红霉素颗粒剂人体生物利用度研究

１０名健康男性志愿者交叉口服３００ｍｇ国产罗红霉素颗粒剂和进口片剂，进行国产制剂生物利用度研究，采用微生物法测定不同时间的血药浓度。结果罗红霉素颗粒剂和进口片剂两种制剂的血药浓度曲线均符合二室模型。Ｃｍａｘ分别为８．２８±０．５６ｍｇ／Ｌ和８．４２±０．７８ｍｇ／Ｌ，达峰时间分别为１．５１±０．２２ｈ和１．４２±０．１８ｈ，Ｔ１／２β分别为１２．２０±０．８５ｈ和１２．５８±０．９３ｈ，ＡＵＣ分别为１２０．５８±１２．９５ｍｇ／Ｌ·ｈ－１，和１１７．８０±１３．６８ｍｇ／Ｌ·ｈ－１两种制剂的药代动力学参数统计学检查无显著性差异。国产罗红霉素颗粒剂相对于进口片剂的生物利用度为１０２．７９±８．６８％，两种制剂生物等效。     

环孢素胶丸的药代动力学和相对生物利用度

采用高效液相色谱法进行环孢素胶丸的药代动力学和生物利用度研究,１０名健康志愿者随机交叉单剂量ｐｏ温州第二制药厂和瑞士Ｓａｎｄｏｚ公司的环孢胶丸（２００ｍｇ）,其血药浓度－时间曲线均符合一级吸收的双室模型,温州产环孢素胶丸的主要药动学参数ｔ１／２Ｋｄ＝１．０９±０．４６ｈ,ｔ１／２α＝０．３４±０．１５ｈ,ｔ１／２β＝５．１３±１．４１ｈ,ｔｍａｘ＝１．１９±０．１９ｈ,Ｃｍａｘ＝８７８．２±１６７．２ｎｇ／ｍｌ,ＡＵＣ＝４１２７．７±８５４．１ｎｇ·ｈ·ｍｌ－１,其相对生物利用度为（１０４．２±１１．９）％     

Ⅱ型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗性

采用正常血糖高胰岛素钳夹技术测定２０例初诊非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病人及８例正常人胰岛素敏感性高低，并测定血脂水平。两组的胰岛素敏感性指数分别为５．４５±３．０１Ｖｓ１１．４±２．９（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＴＧ值分别为１．６９±０．４１Ｖｓ１．１９±０．２６ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＨＤＬ－ｃｈ分别为１．２９±０．２４Ｖｓ１．６５±０．３１ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１（Ｐ＜０．０５）。胰岛素敏感性下降是Ⅱ型糖尿病的一个特征，高ＴＧ、低ＨＤＬ－ｃｈ、血胰岛素浓度升高是胰岛素抵抗综合征的组成部分。     

血小板活化因子拮抗剂BN52021对大鼠肾电解质转运的影响

目的确定血小板活化因子拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１对正常和肾病大鼠尿电解质排泄的影响。方法制备大鼠阿霉素肾病模型，观察ＮＢ５２０２１使用后大鼠尿电解质的排泄情况。结果用ＢＮ５２０２１后１周，大鼠尿Ｎａ＋排泄量从对照组的２．４８７６±０．１８６２ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ增加到处理组的３．９８０６±１．０８９６ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ，Ｃｌ－１排泄量从１．５１４９±０．２０８７ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ增加到２．２４００±０．６４４９ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ，而Ｋ＋的排泄则从１．２４７９±０．０５４７ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ减少到０．４５０７±０．２１１８ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；且ＢＮ５２０２１处理的大鼠，肾髓质的Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性为１．８±１．７μｍｏｌＰ·ｍｇ－１蛋白·ｈ－１，较对照组的４．６±１．１μｍｏｌＰ·ｍｇ－１蛋白·ｈ－１（Ｐ＜０．０１），明显受到抑制。结论ＢＮ５２０２１抑制大鼠肾脏Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－１的重吸收及Ｋ＋的分泌，这一作用与大鼠肾髓质的Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的抑制有关。     

示波极谱直接测定人发中的铅

在０．１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）盐酸－０．４０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）六次甲基四胺－５．０×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）邻菲啉－５．０×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）硫氰酸钾底液中用示波极谱法测定铅的方法，峰电位为－０．７０Ｖ（ＶＳ，ＳＣＥ）左右，线性范因为０．０４－１．６μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１），检出限为０．００８μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）。该方法简便、快速、选择性好，直接应用于人发中铅的测定；变异系数为２．４－５．９％；样品加标回收率为９７．４－１０５％。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.