足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电穴位特异性研究

目的:探讨足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电的穴位特异性影响.方法:采用现代电生理技术,选择足阳明经"四白"、"地仓"穴及手太阳小肠经"颧髎"穴及"四白旁开点"做同步对照,将32只大鼠随机分为四白组、颧髎组、地仓组、四白旁开组,每组8只,比较观察电针对禁食24 h麻醉状态下大鼠胃肌电的针刺效应.结果:电针四白、地仓穴组对胃电振幅、时程及峰簇数的发放具有一定的兴奋效应,其效应以四自穴作用最为明显,地仓次之,与针刺前比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而电针颧髎、四白旁开点,对胃电活动则无明显作用,与针刺前比较均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:电针足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电具有一定的兴奋效应,其调整作用具有经脉、穴位的相对特异性.     

电针大鼠“四白”穴和胃扩张传入信息在孤束核的汇聚——c-fos表达的研究

目的:探讨电针足阳明经“四白”穴和胃扩张刺激诱导大鼠孤束核(NTS)的原癌基因c -fos表达及意义。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为4组:电针“四白”穴组、电针“四白”穴旁开0 .5cm组、胃扩张模型组和空白对照组。采用免疫组织化学方法观察c- fos在孤束核的表达。结果:电针“四白”穴组和胃扩张模型组孤束核内Fos样免疫反应(FLI)阳性神经元均主要分布于内侧亚核,以延髓的中尾段分布较多;电针“四白”穴组在内侧亚核内FLI神经元数目与胃扩张模型组比较无明显差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ,与“四白”穴旁开组比较,差异有非常显著性意义(P <0 .0 1 )。结论:电针“四白”穴和胃扩张刺激的感觉传入可能在孤束核发生汇聚、整合,是针刺“四白”穴调节胃功能的中枢途径之一。     

针刺足阳明经穴对大鼠胃肌电穴位特异性及胃电传出途径的实验研究

目的:探讨足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电穴位特异性影响及其传出途径研究.方法:选用足阳明经头面部四白、地仓穴,以及手太阳经颧髎穴及非经非穴四白旁开点,比较观察电针对禁食24h麻醉状态下大鼠胃肌电的影响;并通过腹注阿托品、六烃季胺、利血平神经阻断剂,观察传出途径阻断后电针四白穴对大鼠胃肌电的影响.结果:电针四白、地仓穴对胃电振幅、时程及峰簇数的发放具有一定的兴奋效应,其效应以四白穴作用最为明显,地仓次之,与针刺前比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而电针颧髎、四白旁开点,对胃电活动则无明显作用,与针刺前比较均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);针刺四白穴能部分取消阿托品、六烃季胺对大鼠胃电的抑制效应,部分增强利血平后大鼠胃电的兴奋效应.结论:电针足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电具有一定的兴奋效应,其调整作用具有经脉、穴位的相对特异性.而电针对胃电的调整作用,与胆碱能神经、交感神经、肾上腺素能神经的参与有关.     

大鼠头面部腧穴和胃扩张传入信息在孤束核的汇聚-c-fos表达的研究

目的 探讨电针大鼠头面部腧穴和胃扩张刺激诱导大鼠孤束核(Nucleus of Solitary Tract,NTS)的原癌基因c-fos表达及意义。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为6组:电针“四白”穴组、电针“四白”穴旁开组、电针“颊车”穴组、电针“颧髎”穴组、胃扩张模型组和空白对照组。采用免疫组织化学方法观察c-fos在NTS的表达。结果 电针“四白”穴组和胃扩张模型组NTS内均有较多的FOS样免疫反应(FLI)阳性神经元表达,且主要分布于内侧亚核(mNTS),并以延髓中尾段分布较多,其余亚核内较为稀疏,两组的FLI阳性神经元数目在mNTS比较,P>0.05;电针“颧髎”穴组和电针“颊车”穴组亦有一定数量的FLI阳性神经元表达;电针“四白”旁开组有少量FLI阳性神经元表达;空白组只有正常状态下的低FLI阳性神经元表达。结论 电针“四白”穴和胃扩张模型在mNTS内大量的FLI阳性神经元表达,两者的高表达提示来自电针“四白”穴和胃扩张刺激的感觉传入可能会在NTS发生汇聚、整合,从而影响胃的机能状态;此外,亦在形态学上为经脉脏腑相关跨神经节的初级中枢联系机制提供部分合理的解释。     

针刺足阳明经穴对大鼠胃肌电穴位特异性及胃电传出途径的实验研究

目的：探讨足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电穴位特异性影响及其传出途径研究.方法：选用足阳明经头面部四白、地仓穴,以及手太阳经颧髎穴及非经非穴四白旁开点,比较观察电针对禁食24h麻醉状态下大鼠胃肌电的影响;并通过腹注阿托品、六烃季胺、利血平神经阻断剂,观察传出途径阻断后电针四白穴对大鼠胃肌电的影响.结果：电针四白、地仓穴对胃电振幅、时程及峰簇数的发放具有一定的兴奋效应,其效应以四白穴作用最为明显,地仓次之,与针刺前比较均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,而电针颧髎、四白旁开点,对胃电活动则无明显作用,与针刺前比较均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;针刺四白穴能部分取消阿托品、六烃季胺对大鼠胃电的抑制效应,部分增强利血平后大鼠胃电的兴奋效应.结论：电针足阳明经对大鼠胃肌电具有一定的兴奋效应,其调整作用具有经脉、穴位的相对特异性.而电针对胃电的调整作用,与胆碱能神经、交感神经、肾上腺素能神经的参与有关.     

肥胖大鼠瘦素抵抗及下丘脑瘦素受体后磷酸化STAT3的变化及针刺足阳明经穴的干预研究

目的:观察针刺足阳明经四白、天枢、足三里、内庭等穴对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠瘦素抵抗及下丘脑瘦素受体后磷酸化STAT3蛋白表达的影响。方法:予高脂饮食诱导出的30只肥胖大鼠随机分为肥胖模型组,针刺足阳明经穴组,针刺非经穴组,并以普饲喂养的10只做空白对照,连续干预4周。结果:(1)针刺足阳明经穴组能显著抑制高脂模型大鼠体质量,与非经穴组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)血清Leptin空白组最低,与其他各组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组和非经穴组比较,针刺组可显著降低血清Leptin(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(3)下丘脑磷酸化STAT3蛋白表达由低到高依次为模型组、非经穴组、针刺组、空白组;空白组和针刺组均显著高于模型组和非经穴组(P<0.05)。结论:针刺足阳明经穴可有效减轻高脂饮食诱导的肥胖,并改善瘦素抵抗,其机制与下丘脑升高的瘦素受体后磷酸化STAT3表达有关。     

针刺足阳明经不同部位腧穴对人体胃窦容积变化的动态观察

针刺足阳明经四白、天枢、足三里、上巨虚、内庭等穴及其左右旁开对照点，观察胃窦上下径、前后径变化，结果表明，针刺经穴大多能使胃窦容积明显增大，而针刺对照点则变化均不明显。     

针刺足阳明经不同穴点对胃窦面积影响的结果分析

针刺健康人足阳明经不同部位的１２个穴点,观察针刺前后各３分钟胃窦面积的变化,比较足阳明经穴对胃运动功能影响的相对特异性及其经络腧穴上下的对应关系。结果发现在对胃窦面积影响明显的８个穴点中,四白＞足三里＞内庭＞梁丘＞冲阳＞髀关＞上巨虚＞四白下。提示同一经脉的穴位对相关脏腑的影响具有相对的特异性。而头面四白穴及下肢下端内庭,均能使胃窦面积明显增大,为经穴上下分段对应关系提供了一定依据     

针刺干预大鼠胰岛素抵抗及下丘脑胰岛素受体后IRS1及其酪氨酸磷酸化的研究

目的:观察针刺足阳明经四白、天枢、足三里、内庭等穴对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗及下丘脑胰岛素受体后IRS1及其酪氨酸磷酸化的影响。方法:予高脂饮食诱导的30只肥胖大鼠随机分为肥胖模型组,针刺足阳明经穴组,针刺非经穴组,并以普饲喂养的10只大鼠做空白对照,连续干预4周。结果:1)针刺足阳明经穴组能显著抑制高脂模型大鼠体质量,与非经穴组比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。2)与空白组比较,肥胖模型组及非经穴组空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、HOMA-指数(HOMA-INDEX)均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。针刺组大鼠FPG、FINS、HOMA-INDEX均显著下降,与模型组及非经穴组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)下丘脑胰岛素受体后IRS-1蛋白表达由高到低依次为空白组、针刺组、非经穴组、模型组,各组组间比较,并无显著性差异(P>0.05);但IRS-1酪氨酸磷酸化表达,空白组和针刺组均显著高于模型组和非经穴组(P<0.05)。结论:针刺足阳明经穴可有效减轻高脂饮食诱导的肥胖,并改善胰岛素抵抗,其机制与下丘脑升高的胰岛素受体后IRS-1蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化表达有关。     

针刺足阳明经不同部位腧穴人体胃窦容积变化的动态观察

针刺足阳明经四白，天枢，足三里，上巨虚，内庭等穴及其左右旁开对照点，观察胃窦上下径，前后径变化，结果表明，针刺经穴大多能使胃窦容积明显增大，而针刺对照点则变化的均不明显。     

NEURONS DISCHARGE AND C-FOS EXPRESSION IN NTS FOLLOWING ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT ACUPOINTS OF STOMACH MERIDIAN OF FOOTYANGMING

The nucleus of solitary tract(NTS) is a primary center for both visceral afferents and somatic afferents.Previous experiments demonstrated that NTS is associated with the connection of the stomach and acupoints in Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(ST Meridian).In this study, extracellular recording and immunochemistry method were used to analyze the discharging neurons and c-Fos protein expression in NTS after electroacupuncture at different acupoints and non-acupoint.A total of 104 discharging neurons were detected in the NTS of 52 rats, of which, 86 were provided with complete data.After acupuncturing at Sibai(ST2), Zusanli(ST36), Neiting(ST44), Quanliao(SI18) and non-acupoint, the response neuron occurring rates(RNORs) in NTS were 65.12%, 51.16%, 46.51%, 34.88% and 31.40% respectively.For RNORs, there was a significant difference among Sibai(ST2), Zusanli(ST36), Neiting(ST44), Quanliao(SI18) and nonacupoint(P0.01 or P0.05).Accordingly, in other 48 rats, the number of c-fos immunoreactive(c-fos-IR) neurons in the NTS after electroacupuncture(EA) at Sibai(ST2) was significantly higher than that of at other acupoints and non-acupoint(P0.05 or P0.01).Both EA at Zusanli(ST36) and Neiting(ST44) increased c-fos-IR neurons significantly compared with that of at Quanliao(SI18) and non-acupoint(P0.05 or P0.01), while there was no difference between EA at Quanliao(SI18) and nonacupoint(P0.05).The experiments demonstrated that the afferent convergence in NTS is different by body surface point stimulus, which suggested that NTS might be a primary center in the central nervous system(CNS) which received acupoint stimulus from ST Meridian.     

NEURON DISCHARGE AND C-FOS EXPRESSION IN NUCLEUS OF THE SOLITARY TRACT FOLLOWING ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT ACUPOINTS OF STOMACH MERIDIAN OF FOOT-YANGMING

Objective: The nucleus of the solitary tract(NTS) is a primary center for both visceral afferents and somatic afferents.Previous experiments demonstrated that NTS is associated with connection of the stomach and acupoints in the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(ST Meridian).In this study, an extracellular recording and immunochemistry method was used to analyze the neuron discharge and c-fos protein expression in the NTS following acupuncture at different acupoints and non-acupoint.Methods: A total of 104 discharging neurons were detected in the NTS of 52 rats, of which, 86 were provided with complete data.Results: After acupuncture at Sibai(ST2), Zusanli(ST36), Neiting(ST44), Quanliao(SI18) and non-acupoint, the response neuron occurring rates(RNORs) in the NTS were 65.12%, 51.16%, 46.51%, 34.88% and 31.40%, respectively.For RNOR,there was a significant difference among ST2, ST36, ST44, SI18 and non-acupoint(P0.01 or P0.05).Accordingly, in other 48 rats, the number of c-fos immunoreactive(c-fos-IR) neurons in the NTS after electroacupuncture(EA) at ST2 was significantly higher than at other acupoints and non-acupoint(P0.05 or P0.01).Both EA at ST36 and at ST44 increased c-fos-IR neurons significantly as compared with EA at SI18 and non-acupoint(P0.05 or P0.01), while there was no difference between EA at SI18 and at non-acupoint groups(P0.05).Conclusion: The experiment demonstrated that the afferent convergence in the NTS was different by body surface point stimulus, which suggested that NTS might be a primary center in the central nervous system receiving acupoint stimulus from ST Meridian.     

Neuron Discharge and c-Fos Expression in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Following Electroacupuncture at Acupoints of the Yangming Stomach Meridian of Foot

The nucleus of the solitary tract (nucleus tractus solitarii; NTS) is a primary center for both visceral afferents and somatic afferents. Previous experiments have demonstrated that the NTS is closely connected to the stomach and acupoints in the Yangming Stomach Meridian of Foot (ST Meridian). In this study, extracellular recording and immunochemistry methods were used to analyze the discharge of neurons and c-Fos protein expression in the NTS following acupuncture at different acupoints and a nonacupoint. A total of 104 discharging neurons were detected in the NTS of 52 rats, of which 86 provided complete data. After acupuncture at Sibai (ST 2), Zusanli (ST 36), Neiting (ST 44), Quanliao (SI 18), and the nonacupoint, the neuron response rate in the NTS was 65.12%, 51.16%, 46.51%, 34.88% and 31.40% respectively. For neuron response rate, there was a significant difference among Sibai (ST 2), Zusanli (ST 36), Neiting (ST 44), Quanliao (SI 18), and the nonacupoint (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). In the other 48 rats, the number of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in the NTS by electroacupuncture (EA) at Sibai (ST 2) group was significantly higher than that EA at other acupoints and the nonacupoint (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). EA at both Zusanli (ST 36) and Neiting (ST 44) increased c-Fos immunoreactive neurons significantly over EA at Quanliao (SI 18) and the nonacupoint (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), while there was no difference between EA at Quanliao (SI 18) and the nonacupoint group (p > 0.05). The experiments demonstrated that the afferent convergence in NTS are different by body surface points stimulus, which suggests that the NTS might be a primary center in the central nervous system receiving acupoints stimulus from the ST Meridian.     

Neurons in the NTS of rat response to gastric distention stimulation and acupuncture at body surface points

The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a primary center, not only for receiving visceral afferents, but also for somatic afferents. Previous experiments demonstrated that NTS might be a primary afferent center for connecting the Stomach Meridian (ST Medirian) and the Stomach. In this study, an extracellular recording method was used to analyze the firing neurons. The variety of NTS' neurons' responses to gastric distention (GD) and different body surface points were compared. In 52 rats, 104 firing neurons of NTS were recorded, in which there were 47 GD related neurons. For the 47 GD related neurons, there were 33 neurons responsive to acupuncture at sibai (ST 2, belonging to ST Meridian). Therefore, in the 47 GD related neurons, the response neuron occurring rate (RNOR) for acupuncture at ST 2 was 70.21%. Meanwhile in the 47 GD related neurons, when acupuncture was performed at Quanliao (SI 18, belonging to Small Intestine Meridian) and non-acupoint respectively, there were 18 and 17 firing neurons, and the RNOR were 38.30% and 36.17% respectively. The experiment demonstrated that there were some varieties in the response of NTS neurons to GD stimuli and acupuncture at different body surface points, which suggested that the ST Meridian was more intimately linked to the stomach and that the different acupoints do have some specificity.     

基于集合可视化分析系统探索针灸治疗面肌痉挛的选穴规律

目的:基于集合可视化分析系统与Apriori算法探索针灸治疗面肌痉挛的选穴规律.方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普网和万方数据建库至2019年9月27日中有关针灸治疗面肌痉挛的相关文献.对符合研究标准的文献进行相关内容提取及录入,利用R3.6.1进行集合可视化分析与Apriori算法分析针灸治疗面肌痉挛的选穴规律.结...     

不同穴位对胃运动异常大鼠双相调节效应研究

目的:探讨不同穴位对胃运动异常大鼠的双相调节效应以及产生这种效应的神经机制。方法:采用神经电生理学方法,用微电极细胞外记录大鼠孤束核单个神经元的活动,观察在正常生理状态及胃运动增强和胃运动抑制的病理状态下,分别针刺"足三里""内关""中脘""气海"对孤束核神经元放电及胃内压的影响。结果:在正常生理状态及胃运动增强和胃运动抑制的病理状态下,针刺"足三里""内关"均以促进胃运动为主,而针刺"中脘""气海"均以抑制胃运动为主,且针刺以上不同穴位均有效激活了孤束核神经元放电。结论:穴位的双相调节作用并不一定是同一穴位对不同病理状态下的内脏器官有双相调节效应,可能表现为不同穴位的综合作用是纠正机体机能活动向正常平衡与稳态状态方向的良性调节。     

穴位针刺对面神经再生影响的实验研究

日本大耳白兔面神经压榨伤后,电针刺激“翳风”、“颧髎”、“地仓”、“颊车”、“四白”、“阳白”、“合谷”穴,每天３０分钟,２周为１疗程。分别对治疗１、２、３个疗程的动物及其对照组进行电生理和病理形态学观察。结果显示：治疗组表情肌电图平均峰值、神经传导速度、再生纤维数、纤维直径、髓鞘厚度均明显大于对照组,但轴突再生速度无显著差异。认为穴位电针刺激可促进面神经损伤后的再生。     

针刺对多发梗塞性痴呆大鼠海马nNOS mRAN及蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨针刺治疗血管性痴呆的作用机理。方法:通过栓子注入法制作多发梗塞性痴呆模型,随机分为模型组、针刺组和非穴组,并设正常组和假手术组作对照。应用原位杂交和免疫组化的方法检测痴呆大鼠海马区神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的基因表达情况,并分析针刺的干预作用。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠海马nNOS mRNA及蛋白表达增强(P<0.01),针刺可明显下调其表达水平(P<0.01)。假手术组与正常组以及非穴组与模型组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:针刺对血管性痴呆的神经保护机制可能与降低海马区nNOS的过度表达、减轻NO神经毒性有关,且具有腧穴特异性。