菝葜中黄酮和二苯乙烯类成分的研究

目的 研究菝葜 Smilax china 的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱色谱及半制备液相色谱等技术分离菝葜的化学成分,根据化合物的理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从菝葜中分离得到11个化合物,其中黄酮类成分7个：二氢山柰酚-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、黄杞苷(Ⅱ)、异黄杞苷(Ⅲ)、双氢槲皮素-3′-O-葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)、3,5,7,3′,5′-五羟基二氢黄酮醇(Ⅴ)、落新妇苷(Ⅵ)和槲皮素-3′-O-葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ);二苯乙烯类化合物4个： 白藜芦醇苷(Ⅷ)、 藨草素A (scirpusin A,Ⅸ)、 白藜芦醇(Ⅹ)和2,4,3′,5′-四羟基茋(Ⅺ)。结论 化合物Ⅳ～Ⅸ均为首次从该植物中分离得到;化合物Ⅸ的碳谱数据为首次报道。     

A New Indole Derivative Isolated from the Root of Tuber Fleeceflower(Polygonum multiflorum)

从何首乌（PolygonummultiflorumThunb.）的根中分离出11个化合物，根据光谱学分析分别鉴定为：大黄酚（chrysophanol，Ⅰ）、大黄素甲醚（physcione，Ⅱ）、大黄素（emodin，Ⅲ）、ω-羟基大黄素（citreorosein，Ⅳ）、大黄酚8－O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（chrysophanol8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅴ）、大黄素甲醚8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Physcione8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅵ）、大黄素8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（emodin8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅶ）、决明酮8-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（torachrysone8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅷ）、2，3，5，4′-四羟基芪2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2，3，5，4′－tetrahydroxystilbene2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，Ⅸ）、没食子酸甲基酯（methylgallate，Ⅹ）和吲哚-3－（L-α-氨基-α-羟基内酸）甲酯[Indole－3－（L－α－amino－α－hydroxypropionicacid）methylester]。其中，化合物Ⅺ为新的天然产物。上述蒽醌和萘类化合物以及芦荟大黄素（aloe－emodin，Ⅻ）、大黄酸（rhein，）、芦荟大黄素8－O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（aloe－emodin8－O-β-D－glucopyranoside，）、大黄酚8－O-β-D－（6′－O-丙酰基）吡喃葡萄糖苷（chrysophanol8-O-β-D-（6′－O－malonyl）glucopyra－     

中药白及化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

目的：研究中药白及极性部位的化学成分。方法：用多种层析方法分离正丁醇部分的萃取物，根据理化性质和波谱分析，鉴定化合物结构。结果：分离并鉴定5个化合物结构，分别是milkitarine(1);7-羟基－4－甲氧基菲－2－β－D葡萄糖苷（7－hydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2-O-β-D-glucoside)（2）；4－甲氧基菲－2，7－O－β－D二葡萄糖苷（4-methoxyphenanthrene-2-7-O-β-D-digluocoside)；7－羟基－2，4－二甲氧基菲－3－O－β-D－葡萄糖苷（7－hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyphenanthrene-3-O-β-D-glucoside);(4);3′－羟基－5－甲氧基联苄－3－O－β-D吡喃葡萄糖苷（3′-hydroxy-5-methoxybibenzyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside)(5)。结论：化合物1和5首次从该植物中分离得到。     

糙叶败酱中木脂素成分的研究

目的　研究糙叶败酱Patrinia scabra中的木脂素类化学成分。方法　应用柱色谱和HPL C法分离纯化,通过光谱(IR、MS、1 H- NMR、1 3C- NMR、DEPT、HMQC和HMBC)鉴定其化学结构。结果　分离并鉴定了4个木脂素类化合物:松脂醇- 4 ,4′-二- O-β- D -葡萄糖苷( )、罗汉松脂酚- 4 ,4′-二- O-β- D -葡萄糖苷( )、落叶松脂醇- 4′- O-β-D-葡萄糖苷( )、落叶松脂醇- 4 - O- β- D-葡萄糖苷( )。结论　化合物 ～ 均为首次从该属植物中分得,并首次给出化合物 的核磁共振数据。     

雪山芪的化学成分研究

目的 研究雪山芪He dysaram sikkimense Benth．ex Baker．var．rigidum Hand、-Mass．的化学成分。方法 采用反复硅胶柱层析分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从雪山芪干燥根中分离得到9个化合物。根据波谱分析和理化数据,鉴定出其中8个化合物分别为：羽扇豆醇(lupeol,1)、4′-羟基-7-甲氧基异黄酮(isoformononetein,Ⅱ)、4′-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基异黄酮(3-[4-hydroxyphenyl-6,7-dimetoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one],Ⅲ)、熊果酸(ursolic acid,Ⅳ)、山嵛酸-α-单甘油酯(docosanooic acid-2,3-d．hydroxypropyl ester,Ⅴ)、二十四烷酸(lignoceric acid,Ⅵ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅶ)及蔗糖。结论 以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分得。     

仙人掌的化学成分研究

目的:研究仙人掌的化学成分.方法:采用多种层析手段进行分离纯化,应用多种波谱技术,结合文献对照,对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定.结果:从仙人掌肉质茎的乙醇提取物中分离出6个化合物,其结构分别鉴定为3,4-二羟基苯甲酸乙酯 (1),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸 (2),槲皮素-3-O-甲基-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 (3),山奈酚7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 (4),manghaslin (5)和山奈酚7-O-β-D-葡萄糖基 (1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6).结论:化合物6为新化合物,化合物1～5均为首次从本属植物中分离得到.     

山核桃树皮化学成分研究

目的 研究山核桃树皮化学成分.方法 利用硅胶柱色谱及重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质及波谱分析鉴定结构.结果 得到15个化合物,鉴定为:4,8-二羟基萘酚-1-O-β-D-(6'-乙酰氧基)吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)、双氢山柰酚(Ⅱ)、胡桃醌(Ⅲ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ)、山柰酚(Ⅴ)、4,8-二羟基萘酚-1-O-β-D-[6-O-(3",5"-二甲氧基-4"-羟基苯甲酰基)]吡哺葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅶ)3,3'-二甲氧基鞣花酸(Ⅷ)、柚皮素(Ⅸ)、槲皮索(Ⅹ)、4,8-二羟基四氢萘醌(Ⅺ)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅻ)、柚皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(XⅢ)、4,8-二羟基萘酚-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(XⅣ)、4,5,8-三羟基-α-四氢萘醌-5-O-β-D-[6'-O-(3",5"-二甲氧基-4"-羟基苯甲酰基)]吡喃葡萄糖苷(XⅤ).结论 化合物I为新化合物,命名为山核桃酚;化合物Ⅰ、Ⅶ～Ⅸ、Ⅷ、XⅢ系首次从该属植物中得.     

菝葜化学成分及其抗氧化活性的研究

目的 研究菝葜Smilax china的化学成分及其抗氧化活性.方法 采用硅胶、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱法进行分离,NMR等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定;采用TEAC法对化合物单体的抗氧化活性进行测定.结果 从菝葜中分离得到了7个化合物和1个混合物.分别鉴定为:cinchonain Ib(Ⅰ)、catechin-(7,8-bc)-4β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone(Ⅱ)、catechin-(5,6-e)-4β(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone(Ⅲ)和catechin-(5,6-e)-4α-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone(Ⅳ)的混合物、二氢山柰酚(Ⅴ)、二氢槲皮素(Ⅵ)、儿茶素(Ⅶ)、棕榈酸(Ⅷ)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅸ);抗氧化实验结果表明,化合物Ⅰ～Ⅶ均具有较强的抗氧化活性.结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

桉属植物Eucalyptus occidentalis中诱导人骨髓白血病细胞凋亡的新山柰酚衍生物的分离和鉴定

作者从采自阿尔及利亚的一种桉属植物E.occidentalis的叶中,分离得到1个新的黄酮化合物(1)和3个已知成分(2～4),研究了化合物1和2对HL-60的细胞毒活性。该植物干叶用乙醇-水(8:2)提取,提取物减压浓缩后溶于水,过滤除去沉淀,溶液用氯仿提取,该提取物经多次层析分离得化合物1～4。化合物1为黄色针晶,分子式为C_(19)H_(18)O_6,mp 193～194℃,结构为6,8-二-C-甲基山奈酚3,4′-二甲醚。化合物2为6,8-二-C-甲基山柰酚3-甲醚,化合物3为齐墩果酸,化合物4为 2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-     

鬼针草有效成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的 研究鬼针草Bidens bipinnata的地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、ODS柱色谱分离并结合Sephadex LH-20和HPLC分离纯化，通过理化鉴定和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构。结果 从鬼针草的正丁醇部位得到6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6，7，3′，4′-四羟基噢哢(海生菊苷)(Ⅰ)、6-O-(6″-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-6，7，3′，4′-四羟基噢哢(Ⅱ)、槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅳ)、异奥卡宁-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、七叶苷(Ⅵ)、(E)2-己烯基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、正己烷基O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、异戊基O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅸ)、正丁基O-α-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅹ)、正丁基O-β-D-呋喃果糖苷(Ⅺ)、正丁基O-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(Ⅻ)。结论 以上12个化合物中除海生菊苷和异奥卡宁-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷外，其他10个化合物均为首次从鬼针草中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.