The effect of food fiber on the biological value of meat products

The effect of food fibres of wheat bran, beet pectin and methylcellulose on the biological value of meat proteins has been studied in experiments on the growing rats. It has been shown, that up to 1% on food fibres of wheat bran and up to 0.5% of pectin and methylcellulose can be added to meat products without spoiling their qualitative indices. Higher levels of these substances cause the reduction of the biological value of meat products.     

The nutritional value of some processed meat products in Malaysia

Per capita consumption of meat and meat products in Malaysia more than doubled from 15.70 kg in 1970 to 35.71 kg in 1990. This increase in meat consumption is mainly due to the rapid development and wide acceptance of value added meat and poultry products amongst Malaysian consumers. Meat products such as burgers, sausages, hotdogs and nuggets are widely accepted and consumed by all ethnic groups at home as well as in the fast food restaurants. The significant expansion of the fast food industry and the increase consumption of processed meat products makes it necessary for a re-evaluation of the nutritional quality of popular meat products currently available in the market. This review paper described the quality of some processed meat products, their proximate composition, meat quality, use of non meat proteins and binders, and the use of additives in the formulation of burgers, frankfurters, nuggets, bologna, chicken and beef balls. Preliminary results on the protein efficiency ratio of local meat products seemed favourable but this study is limited to only one laboratory. In vivo and in vitro protein digestibility studies indicated high values on the digestibility of locally manufactured meat products. Proximate analysis of the raw materials used in the formulation of such products showed many with high fat and low protein contents being utilized. The meat content was lower than the minimum amount stated by the food regulation. This paper concludes that due to lack of information and studies on the nutritional composition of processed meat products, concerned bodies should take positive steps to generate reliable data to elucidate the actual nutritional composition of such products. It is also observed that many by-products from the animal industry from non-conventional sources are increasingly being utilized in the manufacture of processed meat product.     

The biological effects and digestible energy value of a sugar-beet fibre preparation in the rat

A sugar-beet fibre preparation (SBF) was incorporated into a semi-synthetic rat diet at a level of 100 g/kg. The material caused no feed aversion, and gain of live weight was unimpaired. SBF appeared to be slightly more fermentable than wheat bran and only marginally less effective as a faecal bulking agent when compared with equalized intakes of non-starch polysaccharide. SBF did not stimulate mucosal cell turnover in the small intestine. Some enlargement of the caecum was observed in animals given SBF, but it was no greater than that of animals given wheat bran. Animals given SBF had a lower serum cholesterol concentration than both the fibre-free controls and those given wheat bran. This hypocholesterolaemic effect was less than that of guar gum however. The partial digestibility of energy for SBF was 0.64, and its partial digestible energy value was 11.3 kJ (2.7 kcal)/g. The partial digestibility of energy for non-starch polysaccharide in SBF was estimated to be 0.53 and its partial digestible energy value was 9.1 kJ (2.2 kcal)/g. This value was not significantly different from that expected for unavailable carbohydrate in mixed human diets.     

The value of the acoustic analysis of pathological infant cry and breathing noise in everyday practice

During a period of twenty years [1969-1988] the author has observed 614 cases of congenital malformations and noninflammatory diseases of the larynx in infants and young children, Budapest. He summarizes the most characteristic symptoms of laryngeal pathology in infants, and discusses the diagnostic possibilities. Among the latter, spectrographic analyses complemented by auditory evaluation of pathological cry and different breathing noises play an important role. Based on his investigation author differentiates 20 kinds of pathological crying sounds and 4 basic forms of stridor. He describes the acoustic attributes of different pathological sound phenomena and summarizes characteristic voice changes.     

磁共振弥散张量成像在婴幼儿痉挛型脑瘫中的应用

目的:探讨在婴幼儿痉挛型脑瘫中应用磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)的价值.方法:选取某医院初次住院诊断为痉挛型脑瘫的33例患儿为研究组,与之年龄配对的33例正常小儿作为对照组,所有研究对象均行常规颅MRI平扫和DTI检查,测量弥散各向异性(FA),研究组在我院行综合康复治疗一年后复查上述两项检查.结果:研究组和对照组髓鞘发育存在一定规律,前者各部位FA值低于后者.研究组治疗后FA值较治疗前有增长.除了胼胝体膝部其余部位低年龄组FA值增长幅度大于高年龄组.结论:DTI能客观反应婴幼儿白质纤维束发育情况及髓鞘化规律,动态监测FA值为患儿病情评估和预后判断提供客观依据.     

Heavy metals in the mother-newborn infant biological system in the technology-related biogeochemical environment]

High levels of the lead, cadmium and zinc content in the mother and newborn blood, placenta, meconium and breast milk in the zinc production metallurgical works area were shown. Intoxication of newborns may be caused by breast feeding with milk containing heavy metals.     

双歧三联活菌在小儿湿疹中的临床应用价值分析

目的 探讨双歧三联活菌在小儿湿疹患儿中的临床应用价值.方法 分析2016年1至12月在西北妇女儿童医院接受诊治的306例小儿湿疹患儿的临床资料.将入选者随机分成观察组(双歧三联活菌+盐酸西替利嗪滴剂)和对照组(单纯盐酸西替利嗪滴剂),每组153例.比较两组患儿的一般资料、治疗前后的肠道菌群、T淋巴细胞亚群水平、治疗后的临床疗效及复发率.结果 两组患儿的一般资料均无明显统计学差异(均P>0.05).治疗前两组患儿的肠道菌群及T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+)水平均无明显统计学差异(均P>0.05);治疗后,观察组患儿的乳酸杆菌与双歧杆菌含量、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平明显高于对照组,CD8+水平均明显低于对照组(t值分别为13.81、19.76、13.93、11.80和24.67,均P<0.05);观察组患儿治疗后的乳酸杆菌与双歧杆菌含量均明显较治疗前增加(t值分别为14.73、21.38,均P<0.05);两组患儿治疗后的CD4+及CD4+/CD8+水平明显较治疗前升高,CD8+水平均明显较治疗前降低(观察组t值分别为27.07、27.87、78.20,对照组t值分别为14.64、11.60、76.34,均P<0.05).观察组患儿治疗后的总有效率(90.8%)明显高于对照组(80.4%),χ2=6.795,P=0.01.观察组患儿的复发率(9.8%,15/153)明显低于对照组(25.5%,39/153),χ2=12.95,P<0.01.结论 小儿湿疹采用双歧三联活菌辅助治疗的临床疗效突出,治疗后患儿免疫功能及T淋巴细胞亚群均得以改善,且疾病复发风险较小,值得推广.     

深圳市肉与肉制品中激素残留状况分析

[目的]了解深圳特区市售肉与肉制品中盐酸克仑特罗、沙丁胺醇、β-雌己醇、炔雌醇、己烯雌酚、双烯雌酚、己雌酚、戊酸雌二醇、苯甲酸雌二醇、炔雌醚10种激素残留状况。[方法]样品经超声萃取、离心、浓缩，然后用高效液相色谱法进行分析。[结果]140份样品中(猪肉组织及制品55份，鸡肉及内脏45份，牛肉40份)，只有一份中毒样品(猪肺汤)检出盐酸克仑特罗，其他样品10种激素均未检出。[结论]深圳市统一屠宰的猪肉及市售鸡肉、牛肉未检出以上10种激素，个别由盐酸克伦特罗引起中毒的猪肉组织可能来源于违法私宰或关外进入。