含硫亚硝基脲衍生物

本文报道一系列含硫亚硝基脲衍生物的合成、光谱学特征及对小鼠白血病L1210的作用。这些化合物都是CNC-半胱胺的衍生物,包括二硫化合物、2-氯乙基氨甲酸酯衍生物以及与羰基化合物环合而成的2,2-二取代的CNC-四氢噻唑。CNC-半胱胺及其二硫化合物、CNC-胱胺甲酰叠氮均有良好的抗L1210的作用;相应的氨甲酸酯衍生物和四氢噻唑衍生物的作用不明显。值得注意的是,2-甲基-2-乙氧羰甲基-3-CNC-四氢噻唑(15b)是一个例外,它对L1210有显著的抑制作用。     

噻唑烷酸类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤作用的研究

改变噻唑烷酸结构,合成了它的8个2-位取代的衍生物,其中化合物5对小鼠艾氏腹水癌、白血病 L 1210、白血病 P 388显示较高的活性。     

4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素-4-醚的合成和抗肿瘤活性

为寻找高效低毒、结构简单的鬼臼毒素类新药,以4-溴-4′-去甲基-4-脱氧表鬼臼毒素和过量醇合成了13个新的4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素-4-醚衍生物。所有这些化合物对体外 L1210试验,均有抑制活性,其中5个化合物的抑制活性与 etoposide 相近。     

2-甲酰肼-4-乙腈噻唑的合成

(一)草酸硫代酰胺乙酯,在丙酮溶剂中,与1,3二氯丙酮起作用,即得2-甲酸乙酯-4-氯甲基噻唑。后者亦可用草酸酰胺乙酯,五硫化二燐和1,3二氯丙酮在甲苯中加热制得。(二)2-甲酸乙酯-4-氯甲基噻唑溶于無水甲醇与氰化鉀起反应,产生2-甲酸乙酯-4-乙腈噻唑。后者溶于乙醇,在室温情况下,与85%肼起作用,即成2-甲酰腓-4-乙腈噻唑。     

利用四氢叶酸模型化合物合成β—咔巴啉生物碱衍生物

中药苦木可生物碱β-咔 巴啉衍生物是一种重要生物碱。通过四氢叶酸模型化合物碘化1,2-二甲基-3-对甲氧苯碘酰基咪唑啉的基团转移反应,合成了此类生物碱衍生物-胡秃子碱衍生物。     

青蒿素类似物的研究 Ⅳ.含卤素、氮、硫等杂原子的青蒿素衍生物的合成

为增强双氢青蒿素酯和醚类衍生物的抗疟作用,我们合成了42个侧链上带有卤素、氮或硫取代的双氢青蒿素酯和醚类化合物。抗疟筛选表明,多数化合物的活性高于青蒿素,但并未超过相应的无杂原子取代的衍生物,唯双氢青蒿素的问-三氟甲基苯甲酸酯(17)的抗疟活性为间-甲基苯甲酸酯的4倍,化合物(17)和(6)为青蒿素的10倍。     

棉鼠丝虫动物模型应用于药物筛选

为了寻找新的口服抗丝虫药物,1972年从国外引进棉鼠、棉鼠丝虫和柏氏禽剌螨后在我所建立了棉鼠丝虫动物模型,并开展了药物筛选工作。几年来筛选已知的和新合成的化合物共150个以及中草药7个。有14个化合物对棉鼠丝虫微丝蚴和/或成虫具有明显的杀死作用。其中硝硫氰胺、氨硝喹唑啉、呋喃西林、6-对氨基苯基-2,3,5,6-四氢咪唑并(2,1-6)噻唑-盐酸盐、2-(4-蜜胺2-基苯基)-4-羟甲基-1,3-二噻砷环戊烷和5个2-[2-(5-硝基呋喃-2)乙烯-1]-1,3,4-(口恶)二唑-5-酮的衍生物的作用较显著,尤其是对成虫。 本文也报道了用棉鼠丝虫动物模型进行药物筛选的有关实验方法以及棉鼠体内的微丝蚴和成虫的消长。     

棉鼠丝虫动物模型应用于药物筛选

为了寻找新的口服抗丝虫药物,1972年从国外引进棉鼠、棉鼠丝虫和柏氏禽剌螨后在我所建立了棉鼠丝虫动物模型,并开展了药物筛选工作。几年来筛选已知的和新合成的化合物共150个以及中草药7个。有14个化合物对棉鼠丝虫微丝蚴和/或成虫具有明显的杀死作用。其中硝硫氰胺、氨硝喹唑啉、呋喃西林、6-对氨基苯基-2,3,5,6-四氢咪唑并(2,1-6)噻唑-盐酸盐、2-(4-蜜胺2-基苯基)-4-羟甲基-1,3-二噻砷环戊烷和5个2-[2-(5-硝基呋喃-2)乙烯-1]-1,3,4-(口恶)二唑-5-酮的衍生物的作用较显著,尤其是对成虫。本文也报道了用棉鼠丝虫动物模型进行药物筛选的有关实验方法以及棉鼠体内的微丝蚴和成虫的消长。     

4-酰硫基-4-脱氧-4-去甲表鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成和抗肿瘤活性

为研究4’-去甲表鬼臼毒素的C_4位不同原子及不同取代基类型同活性之间的关系,寻找活性高、毒性低的抗肿瘤新药,合成了11个4-酰硫基-4-脱氧-4’-去甲表鬼臼毒素,衍生物并进行了抗肿瘤活性试验。4-巯基-4-脱氧-4’-去甲表鬼臼毒素和不同的羧酸在二乙氧基磷酰氰酯存在下得相应的硫酯。该类化合物在L1210白血病细胞和KB细胞的体外抑制试验中普遍表现出抑制活性。化合物10的活性与依托泊甙相当。其余活性比依托泊甙差。与相应的C_4位酰氨基的4’-去甲表鬼臼毒素衍生物相比,活性明显弱。提示氮取代的衍生物活性更好。     

6-苄氧基吲哚-2-甲酸糠醇酯衍生物的合成及其抗稻瘟霉菌活性

目的设计合成一系列6-苄氧基吲哚-2-甲酸糠醇酯衍生物,并测试其抗稻瘟霉菌活性。方法以4-羟基苯甲醛为原料,经O-苄基化、Knoevenagel反应、重排和水解反应得到6-苄氧基吲哚-2-甲酸（6）,6与5-氯甲基糠醛反应得到6-苄氧基吲哚-2-甲酸-（5-甲酰基糠醇）酯（1）,1分别经过还原、还原胺化和Knoevenagel反应得到相应的目标化合物。体外活性采用稻瘟霉菌筛选模型进行评价。结果与结论合成了13个新化合物,其结构经核磁共振氢谱、质谱确证,其中化合物1、8e、8f、8g的活性优于阳性对照灰黄霉素（griseofulvin）。     

7－乙酰水杨酰氧基黄酮衍生物的合成

根据黄酮类化合物抑制血小板聚集的机制和结构－活性关系，设计了五个７－乙酰水杨酰氧基黄酮衍生物，并由Ｂ环带不同取代基的７－羧基黄酮与乙酰水杨酰氯反应成酯而制得，其抑制血小板聚集活性正在研究中。     

Synthesis of piscidinol A derivatives and their ability to inhibit HIV-1 protease

Four types of piscidinol A derivatives were synthesized and evaluated their ability to inhibit HIV-1 protease to understand their structure-activity relationships. Of these tirucallane-type triterpene derivatives, an A-seco derivative (1b) moderately inhibited human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease (IC₅₀ 38.2 μM). The 2,2-dimethyl succinic acid (DMS) acylated tirucallane derivatives (4b, 6a, and 7b, 50 < IC₅₀ < 100 μM) were more inhibitory against HIV-1 PR than the others (PA, 2a, 4a, 4c–4d, 5a, 6b–6d, and 7a, IC₅₀ > 100 μM). These findings indicated that the 2,3-seco-2,3-dioic acid (1b) and DMS-acylated tirucallane-type derivatives preferably inhibited HIV viral protease.     

2-芳基-4-氰基咪唑及2-芳基-4-氨基嘧啶的质谱

本文报告了五个2-芳基-4-氰基咪唑类及三个2-芳基-4-氨基嘧啶化合物的电子轰击质谱。前五个都有基峰[M-(R-CH-NH)]⁺离子,后三个都有特征峰(M—HCN)⁺。从键能的角度探讨了其主要离子的裂解来源。     

三唑类化合物的合成及其抗真菌活性Ⅱ

为了寻找新型高效低毒的抗真菌药，根据氮唑类抗真菌类药物的构效关系和作用机理，设计合成了８个２－（取代苯氧基）甲基－４（２，４－二氟苯基）－４－（１Ｈ－１，２，４－三唑－１－基）甲基－１，３－二氧戊环类化合物。初步的体外抗真菌活性试验表明，所有的目标化合物对５种常见的深部致病真菌都有不同程度的抗真菌活性，所有目标化合物的活性与克霉唑相当或更高，特别是对白念珠菌，新生隐球菌、卡氏枝孢菌效果尤其显著。     

Quinolizidinyl derivatives of iminodibenzyl and phenothiazine as multidrug resistance modulators in ovarian cancer cells

The development of multidrug-resistance (MDR) in neoplastic cells is often responsible for the therapy failure and poor outcome of a number of human cancers. MDR may be associated with the expression of the multidrug transporter glycoprotein p170, encoded by the MDR1 gene, which acts as an ATP-dependent efflux pump by reducing the intracellular accumulation of some cytotoxic agents. A variety of iminodibenzyl and phenothiazine derivatives, characterized by the presence of a bicyclic, strongly basic, and highly lipophilic quinolizidine nucleus, were synthesized to investigate their ability to modulate the MDR phenotype. A set of 10 of them (named 1–10), bearing quinolizidine moiety linked through different connecting chains, were tested as chemoresistance-reversing agents on doxorubicin-resistant ovarian cancer cells (A2780-DX3). A 51-fold resistance to doxorubicin was reported in the A2780-DX3 compared to the parental sensitive A2780 WT with mean IC₅₀ values of 0.02 and 1.02M, respectively. Moreover, overexpression of the glycoprotein p170 in the resistant cell line was detected by Western blot analysis. By cytotoxicity assays and time-course experiments, different treatment schedules with resistance modulators (including clomipramine as reference drug) and doxorubicin were taken into account. The 16h exposure of cells to 1M of modulator before doxorubicin demonstrated to be superior in sensitizing the resistant cell line. In particular, compounds 8, 7, 10, and 4 increasingly potentiated doxorubicin cytotoxicity, up to 5.6-fold in A2780-DX3 cells. The present results suggest promising indications for further development of these compounds as chemosensitizing drugs.     

二芳基碘鎓离子氟硼酸盐的应用——二苯醚衍生物的合成

应用二芳基碘鎓离子氟硼酸盐合成了 2个新的二苯醚类化合物。该方法简便易行 ,收率高 ,质量好 ,适合于多取代结构较复杂的二苯醚类化合物的合成     

吡咯烷类生物碱新衍生物合成及解痉活性

作者对吡咯烷类生物碱──红古豆碱及古豆碱进行化学结构改造，设计并合成了古豆醇酯类和红古豆醇酯类两个系列共九个新化合物，其中古豆醇酯类为具有解痉活性的新结构类型，各化学结构经ＩＲ，ＭＳ，１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ及元素分析确证．初步药理实验结果表明：所试验的衍生物（４～１１）均有不同程度的解痉活性，特别是衍生物（４～７）的活性高于市售抗胆碱药红古豆醇酯．     

Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activities of bifonazole derivatives

Two series of chlorinated benzhydryl imidazole and triazole derivatives were synthesized and tested in vitro against representative strains of potent pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus CIP 4.83, Escherichia hirae CIP 5855, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CIP 82118, Escherichia coli CIP 53126) and fungi (Aspergillus niger IP 1431.83, Candida albicans IP 48.72, Candida krusei IP 208.52, Trichophython rubrum IP 1657.86). Most of these compounds were devoid of any antimicrobial activity, but several of them inhibited T. rubrum with MIC values in the range of 0.125 to 32 μg/mL, similar or superior to those of bifonazole and clotrimazole, used as standard controls. The replacement of the imidazole ring with a triazole moiety in these compounds led to derivatives with less antifungal activity. A preliminary SAR was undertaken on the effect of the number and the position of chlorine atoms on the distribution of negative charge on the surface of some compounds on antifungal activity.     

Lignans and neolignans from Stelleropsis antoninae

BACKGROUND AND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Stelleropsis antoninae Pobed. (Family: Thymelaeaceae) grows wildly as an herbaceous plant in Iran. Most of the Thymelaeaceous plants contain lignans and neolignans, which have important pharmacologically properties. In the present study, the isolation and identification of the main lignans and neolignans of S. antoninae, which has not been previously reported is described and compared to other species. METHODS: Column (CC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) methods were used for the isolation and purification, and (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, HMBC, HMQC, H-H COSY and MS were employed for the identification of the compounds isolated from the methanol extract. RESULTS: From the methanol extract of the aerial parts of S. antoninae four lignans, syringaresinol (1), syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), syringaresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), liriodendrin (6), and two neolignans, 5-methoxylariciresinol 4'-O- β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β -D-glucopyranoside (2) were isolated and identified. MAJOR CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that siringaresinol, a well-known bioavtive compound, and its glucosides are the main lignans, and lariciresinol and coniferyl alcohol derivatives are the main neolignans of S. antoninae.