中国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行特征

目的 分析我国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行情况,为制定肥胖防治策略提供科学依据。方法 利用"2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"中6~17岁儿童青少年调查资料,分析我国儿童青少年超重肥胖现状。6岁儿童采用WHO 2007年推荐的分年龄性别BMI超重肥胖判定标准判定超重肥胖,7~17岁儿童青少年采用《中国学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖预防与控制指南》中的分年龄、性别的BMI超重肥胖判定标准进行判定。结果 6~17岁儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为9.6%和6.4%,其中城市儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为11.0%（男生：12.8%,女生：9.0%）和7.7%（男生：9.7%,女生：5.5%）,农村儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为8.4%（男生：9.3%,女生：7.4%）和5.2%（男生：6.2%,女生：4.1%）。按家庭经济收入水平分,高、中和低家庭收入儿童青少年的超重率分别为12.3%、10.7%和8.2%,肥胖率分别为8.6%、7.2%和5.7%。结论 2012年,我国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖表现为城市高于农村,男生高于女生;患病率与家庭经济收入水平有关。     

中国6~17岁儿童青少年腰围水平及中心性肥胖流行特征

目的 分析我国6~17岁儿童青少年腰围水平及中心性肥胖流行特征。方法 利用"2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"中6~17岁儿童青少年调查资料,分析儿童青少年腰围水平及中心性肥胖流行现状。利用腰围的P₉₀（同年龄、同性别）作为中心性肥胖的判断界值。结果 我国各年龄组儿童青少年腰围均为男生大于女生（P<0.000 1）,城市大于农村（P<0.05）,家庭收入水平高的儿童青少年大于中、低家庭收入儿童青少年（P=0.000 3）。6~17岁儿童青少年中心性肥胖率为11.2%,其中男生和女生分别为10.7%和11.8%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。城市和农村男生的中心性肥胖率分别为13.2%和8.5%,女生分别为12.3%和11.2%。按家庭经济收入水平分,高、中、低家庭收入男生中心性肥胖率分别为15.8%、11.5%和8.8%,女生分别为13.5%、11.9%和11.6%。结论 男生的腰围较女生更易受城乡和家庭收入水平的影响。     

广东省2002-2012年6~17岁儿童青少年超重/肥胖变化趋势分析

目的 分析2002-2012年广东省6～17岁儿童青少年超重/肥胖的流行状况及其变化趋势。方法 2002年营养调查采用多阶段分层与整群随机抽样方法,在全省抽取13个监测点共7 075名6～17岁儿童青少年进行调查。2009-2012年的广东省居民营养调查采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在广东省9区/县城乡调查点抽取2 319名6～17岁儿童青少年,进行身高和体重测量。结果 2009-2012年广东省6～17岁儿童青少年平均超重率和肥胖率分别为7.3%和4.5%,男生超重率和肥胖率（8.9%和6.5%）均高于女生（5.3%和2.2%）,城市超重率和肥胖率（9.3%和5.6%）均高于农村（4.7%和3.2%）;以9～11岁组超重率（8.8%）和肥胖率（6.0%）最高。与2002年比较,除城市女生肥胖率下降外,城市男生、农村男生和女生的超重率和肥胖率均明显上升,其中农村超重和肥胖增幅高于城市,男生增幅高于女生。结论 广东省6～17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖率较2002年有较大上升,其中农村、男生和9～11岁超重/肥胖比例较高,应重点关注。     

苏州市儿童BMI-Z变化轨迹与青春晚期血压偏高的关联研究

目的 探讨年龄和性别标准化BMI-Z值（BMI-Z）轨迹与青春晚期（16~18岁）血压偏高的关系。方法 基于苏州市儿童和青少年健康监测项目（HPPCA）2012-2019年的数据,以2019年的监测数据为结局,将末次监测年龄为16~18岁且总监测次数≥4的11 812名儿童青少年纳入研究。运用潜变量生长混合模型分析不同性别儿童成长过程中的BMI动态变化（BMI-Z变化轨迹）,采用多因素logistic回归分析BMI动态变化与青春晚期血压偏高的关系。结果 在男、女生中各确定了6条BMI-Z变化轨迹,分别为较瘦组、略瘦组、标准组、下降组、超重组和肥胖组。与标准组相比,男生肥胖组在青春晚期发生血压偏高的风险增加94.0%（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.43~2.63）,而女生肥胖组则增加107.0%（OR=2.07,95%CI：1.33~3.22）。男女生中下降组与青春晚期血压偏高发病均没有显著关联。结论 儿童持续性肥胖会增加青春晚期罹患血压偏高的风险;若对肥胖儿童及时采取干预措施,使其在青春晚期恢复正常体重,或许能降低血压偏高的风险。     

剖宫产与6~17岁儿童青少年期肥胖的关联研究

目的 探讨剖宫产与儿童青少年期肥胖的关联。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法，在湖南、宁夏、天津、重庆、辽宁、上海和广东7个省份抽取93所中小学校，选取家长问卷中分娩方式等资料完整的42 758名6~17岁中小学生作为研究对象。采用Log-Binomial回归模型分析剖宫产与儿童青少年期肥胖风险的关联。结果 研究对象年龄（10.5±3.2）岁，剖宫产率为42.3%，其中男生（55.9%）显著高于女生（40.6%）（P<0.001）。剖宫产出生的儿童青少年肥胖率（17.6%）显著高于阴道产者（10.2%）（P<0.001）。与阴道产相比，剖宫产显著增加儿童青少年期肥胖的发生风险（OR=1.72，95% CI：1.63~1.82；P<0.001），在调整性别、城乡、喂养方式、胎数、饮牛奶频率、摄入高能量食物频率、摄入油炸食品频率、父母亲文化程度、家庭经济收入、父母亲肥胖、体力活动水平、孕周和出生体重后，该关联仍有统计学意义（OR=1.48，95% CI：1.39~1.57；P<0.001）。结论 剖宫产可能显著增加儿童青少年期发生肥胖的风险，应降低我国孕产妇的剖宫产率。     

母亲孕前体质指数及孕期增重与学龄前儿童超重肥胖的关系研究

目的 探讨母亲孕前BMI及孕期增重与学龄前儿童超重肥胖的关系。方法 2016年6-11月,以广州市4 303名3~5岁学龄前儿童为研究对象,根据WHO标准和中国成人肥胖标准分别判断儿童和母亲孕前体重状态,参照美国医学研究所孕期增重推荐值判断母亲孕期增重情况。应用多因素二分类非条件logistic回归模型和协方差分析母亲孕前BMI和孕期增重与学龄前儿童超重肥胖的关系。结果 矫正混杂因素后,logistic回归分析显示,母亲孕前超重肥胖的儿童发生超重肥胖的风险是母亲孕前体重正常儿童的1.820倍（OR=1.820,95% CI：1.368~2.422）;与母亲孕期增重适宜的儿童相比,母亲孕期增重过度的儿童超重肥胖发生风险增加（OR=1.296,95% CI：1.007~1.667）。协方差分析结果也显示,母亲孕前体重超重肥胖和母亲孕期增重过度均增加儿童BMI Z值。根据母亲孕前BMI分为3组进行分层分析,结果显示,不同孕期增重组间儿童超重肥胖发生风险差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。但与母亲孕前BMI适宜且孕期增重适宜组相比,母亲孕前超重肥胖且孕期增重过度组的儿童发生超重肥胖的风险增加（OR=1.574,95% CI：1.029~2.409）。结论 母亲孕前超重和孕期增重过度均增加学龄前儿童超重肥胖的风险,且母亲孕前超重较孕期增重过度对学龄前儿童超重肥胖发生的影响更大。     

儿童腹型肥胖及其肥胖类型与颈动脉内中膜厚度的关系

目的 探讨儿童腹型肥胖及其肥胖类型与颈动脉内中膜厚度（cIMT）的关系,为儿童心血管结构异常的防治提供科学依据。方法 数据来源于2017年11月至2018年1月在山东省淄博市桓台县开展的“儿童心血管健康队列”基线调查数据。本研究纳入性别、年龄、体测指标、血生化指标和问卷调查变量等信息完整的儿童1 240名（男生657人,占53.0%）。采用协方差分析比较正常腰围组、腹型肥胖前期组和腹型肥胖组儿童的cIMT水平,采用logistic回归模型分析腹型肥胖前期、腹型肥胖与cIMT增厚（以性别、年龄别的P₉₅为界值点）及外周型超重/肥胖与腹型肥胖或前期的联合作用与cIMT增厚的关系。结果 腹型肥胖前期组、腹型肥胖组cIMT水平高于正常腰围组（0.47±0.03、0.50±0.04 vs.0.45±0.05）mm,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。腹型肥胖前期组、腹型肥胖组cIMT增厚检出率高于正常腰围组（20.8%、49.5% vs.8.8%,P<0.001）。调整各种潜在协变量后,与正常腰围相比,腹型肥胖前期、腹型肥胖与cIMT增厚存在关联（腹型肥胖前期：OR=2.53,95% CI：1.67~3.84;腹型肥胖：OR=8.56,95% CI：5.97~12.29）。与BMI和腰围均正常者相比,仅腹型肥胖或前期和混合型超重/肥胖均与cIMT增厚存在关联（仅腹型肥胖或前期：OR=2.24,95% CI：1.36~3.69;混合型超重/肥胖：OR=6.94,95% CI：4.87~9.90）。结论 儿童腹型肥胖与cIMT增厚存在较强关联,混合型超重/肥胖与cIMT增厚的关联性更强。提示儿童心血管结构异常的防治,应当考虑混合型超重/肥胖的重要性。     

成都市2144名中小学生超重肥胖现状分析

分析成都市7~15岁学龄儿童青少年超重肥胖现状,为预测该地区超重肥胖发展趋势提供依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样法,共获得成都市中、小学各2所7~15岁儿童青少年有效数据2 144份.测量儿童青少年的身高、体重,计算体质量指数(BMI).分别采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准”以及国际肥胖工作组(IOTF)推荐的“儿童青少年超重肥胖筛查标准”评价超重和肥胖.结果 根据WGOC标准和IOTF标准,成都市7~15岁儿童青少年的超重率和肥胖率分别为10.68%,12.92%和6.53%,3.17%.不同性别学生超重率差异无统计学意义,男生肥胖率高于女生(P<0.05);男生超重率和肥胖率最高的年龄段分别为10~12岁和7~9岁,而女生超重率和肥胖率最高的年龄段均为10~12岁.结论 成都地区儿童青少年的肥胖问题男生较女生更为严重,且超重和肥胖出现低龄化.     

我国儿童青少年睡眠不足与肥胖的关联性研究

目的 分析我国9～18岁汉族儿童青少年睡眠不足与肥胖和中心性肥胖的关系。方法 选取参加2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的睡眠时间和体格检查资料完整的172 710名学生作为研究对象。根据美国睡眠医学学会推荐睡眠量判定睡眠不足，依照中国肥胖问题工作组和我国卫生行业标准判定儿童青少年肥胖和中心性肥胖。采用t检验或χ²检验比较组间差异。采用logistic回归分析睡眠不足与肥胖和中心性肥胖的关系。结果 2014年我国9～18岁汉族儿童青少年睡眠不足人数为133 410人（77.2%），肥胖学生有11 145人（6.5%），中心性肥胖检出人数为12 603人（17.8%）。睡眠不足学生中肥胖者有8 358人（6.3%），中心性肥胖者有12 244人（17.9%）。睡眠不足者中肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率男生高于女生。小学生睡眠不足肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率最高。控制潜在的混杂因素后，与睡眠充足组学生相比，睡眠不足组学生发生肥胖的风险增加14.5%（OR=1.145， 95% CI：1.092～1.200），发生中心性肥胖的风险增加12.7%（OR=1.127，95% CI：1.078～1.178）。与每日睡眠时间<6 h者相比，每天睡眠时间7～10 h可明显降低学生肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险。结论 睡眠不足可显著增加儿童青少年肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险，保障学生每日7～10 h的充足睡眠可降低肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险。     

家庭相关因素与中国6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖关系的研究

目的 分析家庭相关因素与6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖的关系。方法 利用"2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"数据筛选6~17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象,对其父母体重、文化程度、家庭年人均收入等家庭相关因素进行匹配后获得6 343名研究样本,通过单因素和多因素logistic逐步回归法分析家庭相关因素与儿童青少年超重肥胖的关系。结果 在调整年龄、性别、城乡因素后,多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示,父母BMI越高（母亲：OR=1.83,95%CI：1.63~2.05;父亲：OR=1.74,95%CI：1.57~1.94）、家庭年人均收入越高（OR=1.30,95%CI：1.15~1.46）、母亲的文化水平越高（OR=1.24,95%CI：1.12~1.37）,儿童青少年的超重肥胖率越高。结论 父母超重肥胖、母亲文化水平高、家庭年人均收入高等相关因素与中国儿童青少年超重肥胖呈正相关。     

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿CD3+CD4-CD8-T细胞与T淋巴细胞亚群变化情况及临床意义

Objective To study on the changes of the DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and its clinical significance.Methods The flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detected the DNT cells and other T lymphocyte subtype in 48 cases of IM.Results The study showed that DNT cells( 9.39 ± 4.89 )% were greatly increased in comparison with normal controls (NC) (4.26 ± 1.68)% ( P ＜0.01 ).CD4 cells(21.45 ±9.87)% were decreased ( P ＜0.01 ) and CD8 cells increased in comparison with NC (32.43 ± 5.07) % ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype can be used to evaluate the immune function of children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and provide guidance for adoptive immunotherapy.     

传染性单核细胞增多症患儿CD3+CD4-CD8-T细胞与T淋巴细胞亚群变化情况及临床意义

Objective To study on the changes of the DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and its clinical significance.Methods The flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detected the DNT cells and other T lymphocyte subtype in 48 cases of IM.Results The study showed that DNT cells( 9.39 ± 4.89 )% were greatly increased in comparison with normal controls (NC) (4.26 ± 1.68)% ( P ＜0.01 ).CD4 cells(21.45 ±9.87)% were decreased ( P ＜0.01 ) and CD8 cells increased in comparison with NC (32.43 ± 5.07) % ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype can be used to evaluate the immune function of children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and provide guidance for adoptive immunotherapy.     

罗格列酮与全反式维甲酸对人胃癌SGC7901细胞株生长和凋亡的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of PPARγ excitomotor RSG and ATRA on gastric cancer SGC7901 cell line proliferation in vitro and its potential mechanism study.Methods Human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell line was cultured in vitro.Experiment samples were divided to blank group,10μmol/L ATRA group, 12.5μmol/L RSG group, 25μmol/L RSG group, 10μmol/L ATRA + 25μmol/L RSG group.Proliferation inhibitory effect was determined by MTI assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, H.E stain was used to observed micrography alteration.Expression of PPARγ protein in gastric cancer cells were measured by immunohistochemistry.PPARγ mRNA in gastric cancer cells were measured by RT-PCR.Results ATAR at concentration 10μmol/L, RSG at 12.5 μmol/L and RSG at 25 μmol/L could inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in a dose-and time-dependent, and when both agents were combined for 72h, growth inhibition ratio was (29.73 ± 0.69) %.Flow cytometry analysis revealed a cell cycle arrest at G1 and S phase, and when both agents combined, S% was (12.87 ± 0.35 )%, cell micrography tended to be normal when both agents combined.Up-regulation of PPARγ protein and PPARγ mRNA expressions were also observed, those effects were enhanced when both agents combined, and grey scale ratio was 0.646.Conclusion The ATRA and RSG could significantly induced growth inhibition of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell, which may be associated with cell cycle arrest and inducing differentiation, activation of PPARγ protein and PPARγ mRNA expression.Synergistic effect could be caused by the combined use of the two agents.     

罗格列酮与全反式维甲酸对人胃癌SGC7901细胞株生长和凋亡的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of PPARγ excitomotor RSG and ATRA on gastric cancer SGC7901 cell line proliferation in vitro and its potential mechanism study.Methods Human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell line was cultured in vitro.Experiment samples were divided to blank group,10μmol/L ATRA group, 12.5μmol/L RSG group, 25μmol/L RSG group, 10μmol/L ATRA + 25μmol/L RSG group.Proliferation inhibitory effect was determined by MTI assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, H.E stain was used to observed micrography alteration.Expression of PPARγ protein in gastric cancer cells were measured by immunohistochemistry.PPARγ mRNA in gastric cancer cells were measured by RT-PCR.Results ATAR at concentration 10μmol/L, RSG at 12.5 μmol/L and RSG at 25 μmol/L could inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in a dose-and time-dependent, and when both agents were combined for 72h, growth inhibition ratio was (29.73 ± 0.69) %.Flow cytometry analysis revealed a cell cycle arrest at G1 and S phase, and when both agents combined, S% was (12.87 ± 0.35 )%, cell micrography tended to be normal when both agents combined.Up-regulation of PPARγ protein and PPARγ mRNA expressions were also observed, those effects were enhanced when both agents combined, and grey scale ratio was 0.646.Conclusion The ATRA and RSG could significantly induced growth inhibition of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell, which may be associated with cell cycle arrest and inducing differentiation, activation of PPARγ protein and PPARγ mRNA expression.Synergistic effect could be caused by the combined use of the two agents.     

Twist、E-cadherin及Vimentin在宫颈鳞状上皮癌变的表达及意义

目的 探讨宫颈鳞状上皮癌变过程中Twist、E-cadherin、Vimentin的表达规律及临床意义.方法 以慢性宫颈炎为对照,检测宫颈上皮内瘤变( CIN)及宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织标本中Twist(原位杂交)、E-cadherin、Vimentin( SABC免疫组化法)的表达情况,分析其相关性.结果 (1)慢性宫颈炎、CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CIN Ⅲ及宫颈癌组中:Twist的阳性率分别为10.0％、28.1％、29.6％、42.9％、64.3％,其中Twist在宫颈鳞癌的表达均明显高于其他组(P＜0.05).E-cadherin、Vimentin的阻性率分别为80.0％、68.8％、55.6％、51.4％、39.3％和0、6.3％、7.4％、31.4％、32.1％,其中两者在宫颈鳞癌组、CINⅢ组中的表达与慢性宫颈炎组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),(2)分析全部CIN及宫颈癌病例,Twist的表达与E-cadherin呈负相关(r=-0.37,P＜0.01),与Vimentin呈正相关(r=0.23,P＜0.05).结论 宫颈组织中Twist的异常表达与宫颈鳞状上皮癌变发生关系密切,Twist可能通过调控E-cadherin、Vimentin的表达参与宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发生.     

近视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度与中央角膜厚度相关性研究

Objective To explore the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and central corneal thickness (CCT) in myopia eyes.Methods 91 cases (91eyes) were selected from ophthalmological outpatients including 28cases with low myopia ( spherical equivalence [ SE ] ＞ -3.0D), 33 cases with moderate myopia (SE -0.3D ～ -6.0D) and 30 cases with high myopia (SE ＜ -6.0D).All patients received ocular standard examination including intraocular pressure, refraction, slitlamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination.Other ocular diseases except refractive error were excluded.RNFL thickness and CCT were measured by RTVue Fourior-OCT ( Optovue Inc, USA).Refraction diopter was shown as SE.Results The mean RNFL thickness and CCT was ( 108.5 ± 10.1 ) μm, (524.7 ±36.8)μm respectively.These were no significantly different among low, moderate and high myopia ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Temporal RNFL thickness( tl1 ,tu1 ) was significantly positive related with CCT( r =0.281,0.093 of tl1, r= 0.352,0.167 of tu1 respectively in single and multiple variable analysis; P ＜ 0.05 ), nasal ( nl2, nu2)and inferior nasal RNFL thickness( in2,in1 )was significantly positive related with SE( P ＜0.05), inferior temporal RNFL thickness( it2)was significantly negative related with SE( P ＜0.05), and RNFL thickness in other regions were not significant related with CCT and SE ( P ＞ 0.05 ) in single and multiple variable regressive analysis.Conclusion Relationship between RNFL thickness of local paradisc region and CCT in myopia eyes suggested that CCT should be correlative with some sensible structural parameters in glaucomatous neuropathy and might be important in the diagnosis and therapy of glaucoma.     

近视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度与中央角膜厚度相关性研究

Objective To explore the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and central corneal thickness (CCT) in myopia eyes.Methods 91 cases (91eyes) were selected from ophthalmological outpatients including 28cases with low myopia ( spherical equivalence [ SE ] ＞ -3.0D), 33 cases with moderate myopia (SE -0.3D ～ -6.0D) and 30 cases with high myopia (SE ＜ -6.0D).All patients received ocular standard examination including intraocular pressure, refraction, slitlamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination.Other ocular diseases except refractive error were excluded.RNFL thickness and CCT were measured by RTVue Fourior-OCT ( Optovue Inc, USA).Refraction diopter was shown as SE.Results The mean RNFL thickness and CCT was ( 108.5 ± 10.1 ) μm, (524.7 ±36.8)μm respectively.These were no significantly different among low, moderate and high myopia ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Temporal RNFL thickness( tl1 ,tu1 ) was significantly positive related with CCT( r =0.281,0.093 of tl1, r= 0.352,0.167 of tu1 respectively in single and multiple variable analysis; P ＜ 0.05 ), nasal ( nl2, nu2)and inferior nasal RNFL thickness( in2,in1 )was significantly positive related with SE( P ＜0.05), inferior temporal RNFL thickness( it2)was significantly negative related with SE( P ＜0.05), and RNFL thickness in other regions were not significant related with CCT and SE ( P ＞ 0.05 ) in single and multiple variable regressive analysis.Conclusion Relationship between RNFL thickness of local paradisc region and CCT in myopia eyes suggested that CCT should be correlative with some sensible structural parameters in glaucomatous neuropathy and might be important in the diagnosis and therapy of glaucoma.     

骨质疏松症大鼠股骨中钙、磷与血清中钙、磷含量的相关性研究

目的探讨骨质疏松症的大鼠的股骨中钙、磷与血请中钙、磷含量的相关性。方法用切除双侧卵巢制作大鼠骨质疏松症动物模型,用ICP电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定实验组和对照组股骨中和血清中钙、磷的含量。结果实验组大鼠股骨中的钙、磷含量明显低于对照组钙、磷的含量[Ca：（218．59±10．43）m/Lvs（253．32±7．54）mg／L;P：（127．82±3．71）mg／Lvs（142．18±5．99）mg／L,P〈0．01],而血清中的钙、磷含量明显高于对照组钙、磷的含量[Ca：（99．45±0．76）mg／LVS（97．56±0．80）mg／L;P：（67．68±1．63）mg,,／LV8（60．00±1．18）mg,／L,P〈0．01]。结论股骨中钙、磷含量的明显减少,对应血清中钙、磷含量的增加是导致骨质疏松症的病因之一。     

Twist、E—cadherin及Vimentin在表达及意义宫颈鳞状上皮癌变的

目的探讨宫颈鳞状上皮癌变过程中Twist、E-cadherin、Vimentin的表达规律及临床意义。方法以慢性宫颈炎为对照,检测宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）及宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织标本中Twist（原位杂交）、E-cadherin、Vimentin（SABC免疫组化法）的表达情况,分析其相关性。结果（1）慢性宫颈炎、CINI、CINII、CINIU及宫颈癌组中：Twist的阳性率分别为10．O％、28．1％、29．6％、42．9％、64．3％,其中Twist在宫颈鳞癌的表达均明显高于其他组（P〈0．05）。E-cadherin、Vimentin的阳性率分别为80．O％、68．8％、55．6％、51．4％、39．3％和0、6．3％、7．4％、31．4％、32．1％,其中两者在宫颈鳞癌组、CINⅢ组中的表达与慢性宫颈炎组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,（2）分析全部CIN及宫颈癌病例,Twist的表达与E-cadherin呈负相关（r=-0．37,P〈0．01）,与Vimentin呈正相关（r：0．23,P〈0．05）。结论宫颈组织中Twist的异常表达与宫颈鳞状上皮癌变发生关系密切,Twist可能通过调控E-cadherin、Vimentin的表达参与宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发生。     

利尿剂在三聚氰胺及三聚氰酸致大鼠急性肾损伤中的治疗作用

Objective To investigate the effect of diuretic (furosemide) therapy on kidney injury induced by melamine and cyanuric acid in rats. Methods 36 male Spragne Dawley rats were random disided into 3 groups. Group A was treated with 2mL of water daily, group B was treated with melamine and cyanuric acid ( each 100 mg/kg) daily for 4 days and then 2ml of water daily, group C was treated with the same as group B at the first 4 days and then treatment with furosemide (20mg/kg) daily. Samples of blood and 24h urine were collected to detective biochemical indexes, and kidney sections were performed on days 4 and 11 ( each end point, n = 6). The kidneys were observed with histopathology and renal crystal deposition scores were determined. Results On the 4th day, group B and group C were resulted in acute kidney injury such as oliguria [ ( 3. 39 ± 1.02 ) ml, ( 3. 20 ± 0. 86 ) ml ] and high serum creatinine [ ( 153.54 ±27. 08)μmol/L, (160. 11 ± 19. 55)μmol/L] and renal melamine cyanurate crystal were found in the renal tissues. On the 11th day, the renal crystal deposition score in the rats was reduced by 9. 52% ( P >0. 05). Compared with those of the 4th day in group B, it reduced by 63.63%( P <0.05) in group C. Urine volume were increased significantly compared with those of the 4th day( P < 0. 05 ) in group C [ from (3.20±0. 86)ml to (25.96 ±5.97)ml] and group B [ from(3. 39 ± 1.02)ml to (8. 57 ± 1.66)ml] , and Urine volume in group C was increased significantly more than that in group B ( P < 0. 05 ). The serum creatinine was obviously reduced as compared with those of the 4th day in group B and C( P <0.05), from[ (153. 54±27.08) μmol/L] to [ ( 106. 10 ±5.53) μmol/L] in group B and from [ ( 160. 11 ± 19. 55) μmol/L] to [ (67. 17 ± 12. 80 ) μmol/L] in group C, but the serum creatinine in group B was still higher than that in group A and C ( P < 0. 05). Conclusions Furosemide can attenuate the damage of acute kidney injury induced by melamine and cyanuric acid.