亚低温对完全性脑缺血再灌注后丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

目的：观察完全性脑缺血再灌注后全脑亚低温对脑组织丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的影响．方法：将１７只犬随机分为三组：非缺血对照组、缺血对照组和亚低温治疗组，采用谭秀娟等建立的心脏停跳复苏动物模型，于心肺复苏后４小时取脑组织测定ＭＤＡ含量和ＳＯＤ活性．结果：全脑缺血１０分钟后再灌流４小时，脑组织ＭＤＡ含量明显上升（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而３４℃亚低温治疗组与缺血对照组比较，ＭＤＡ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性上升（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结论：完全性脑缺血再灌注后全脑亚低温可抑制脑内脂质过氧化反应，保护脑组织自身抗氧化能力，有利于脑复苏．     

脑梗塞和脑出血患者脑脊液肿瘤坏死因子的变化

采用酶联免疫方法检测４６例脑梗塞和３７例脑出血患者的脑脊液和血清中ＴＮＦ含量。结果显示两组脑脊液中ＴＮＦ均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；脑出血组较脑梗塞组增高更明显。脑梗塞组血清ＴＮＦ与对照组相比无差异；脑出血组血清ＴＮＦ较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），但增高幅度低于脑脊液。两组患者脑脊液中ＴＮＦ含量与发病初期收缩压呈显著正相关。提示ＴＮＦ参与急性脑血管病脑组织损伤过程，亦可能是卒中发生的危险因素之一。     

亚低温对完全性脑缺血再灌注后丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性…

目的；观察完全性脑缺血再灌注后全及亚低温对脑组织丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含理和超氧化物歧估酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的影响。方法；将１７只犬随机分为三组；非缺血对照组，缺血对照组和亚低温治疗组，采用谭秀娟等建立的心脏停跳 苏动物模型，于心肺后４小时取 组织测定ＭＤＡ含量和ＳＯＤ活性。结果；全脑缺血１０分钟后再灌流４小时，脑组织ＭＤＡ一明显上升（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＳＯＤ活性下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）；再３４℃亚低温治疗组与缺     

急性颅脑损伤后脑脊液中心钠素、精氨酸加压素的含量变化

对３４例急性脑外伤病人脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）心钠素（ＡＮＦ）、精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）的含量进行放射免疫测定。结果表明，脑外伤后４８ｈ和６～１０ｄＣＳＦ中ＡＮＦ含量均明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＡＶＰ含量较对照组明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。伤后２～３周ＣＳＦ中ＡＮＦ水平升高，与对照组相比无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；ＡＶＰ水平降低，但仍明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＧＣＳ≤８分者ＣＳＦ中ＡＶＰ含量高于ＧＣＳ＞８分者（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＣＳＦ压力≥１．９６ｋＰａ者ＡＶＰ含量高于ＣＳＦ压力＜１．９６ｋＰａ者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＡＮＦ的含量变化与ＧＣＳ计分和ＣＳＦ压力无关。提示，ＡＮＦ和ＡＶＰ可能参与了颅脑损伤的发病机制，ＡＮＦ的分泌减少与ＡＶＰ的释放增加可能是导致脑外伤后继发脑水肿的重要因素。动态观察ＣＳＦ中ＡＮＦ和ＡＶＰ的含量变化，对于探讨颅脑损伤后的病理机制，判断脑水肿的严重程度，指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

延迟复苏对烫伤大鼠心肝肾氧自由基生成的影响及维生素E和维生素C治疗效果评价

采用３６只肠内含５种细菌悉生的大鼠，分成伤前对照组（Ⅰ组）、早期复苏组（Ⅱ组）、延迟复苏组（Ⅲ组）和治疗组（Ⅳ组），观察了伤后８ｈ和１ｄ心、肝、肾氧自由基（ＯＦＲ）相对量（ＥＳＲ技术）及丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量变化。结果发现，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组大鼠心、肝、肾ＯＦＲ相对含量均增高，Ⅲ组升高更明显，各时间点较Ⅱ组均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），尤以肾脏升高最明显。Ⅳ组各脏器ＯＦＲ相对含量低于Ⅲ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。各脏器ＭＤＡ含量与ＯＦＲ相对含量变化规律基本一致。该结果表明，延迟复苏增加烧伤后早期脏器ＯＦＲ生成，导致脂质过氧化反应加重，ＯＦＲ对肾脏的影响可能重于其它脏器。维生素Ｅ、维生素Ｃ联合治疗可有效清除脏器中ＯＦＲ，可用于延迟复苏后脏器功能保护。     

高温与噪声对大鼠心钠素和内源性类洋地黄物质含量的影响

观察了高温、噪声及两者复合对大鼠血浆和心房组织中心钠素（ＡＮＦ）与内源性类洋地黄物质（ＥＤＬＳ）含量的影响。结果发现，高温可使血浆ＡＮＦ含量明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）、心房组织中ＡＮＦ水平明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）。噪声及合并高温也可使心房组织中ＡＮＦ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），但高温、噪声及两者复合对血浆ＥＤＬＳ影响不明显，仅高温及合并噪声暴露后心房组织中的ＥＤＬＳ含量明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这些变化对心脏血流量、周围血管阻力和内环境稳态可能会产生一定影响，使机体耐力下降。     

活性炭,大孔树脂Amberlite XAD—7血液灌流对大鼠内毒素休克的防…

观察了活性炭、大孔树脂Ａｍｂｅｒｌｉｔｅ ＸＡＤ－７血液灌流对大鼠内毒素休克的防治作用。表明：活性炭可显著降低大鼠血浆内毒素（ＩＬ－１）水平（Ｐ〈０．０１），而对肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）的降低作用不明显。Ａｍｂｅｒｌｉｔｅ ＸＡＤ－７灌流组ＬＰＳ、ＩＬ－１水平与假灌流组比较无显著差异，ＴＮＦ水平明显低于假灌流组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。在开始灌流后３ｈ，两个治疗组的收缩压均较假灌流组明显改善（Ｐ〈０．０５）     

狗颅脑火器伤后在不同体温时外周血和脑脊液中神经肽的含量变化

目的：进一步研究亚低温治疗对创伤后内源性阿片肽系统变化的影响．方法：在狗颅脑火器伤后不同体温状态下，测定血浆、脑脊液中的β－内啡肽（β－ＥＰ）和强啡肽Ａ（ＤｙｎＡ）含量．结果：在伤前，正常体温组和低温组相比，血浆及脑脊液的β－ＥＰ和ＤｙｎＡ的含量均无明显差异；伤后两组血浆及脑脊液的β－ＥＰ和ＤｙｎＡ含量均明显高于伤前，但低温组的ＤｙｎＡ的含量明显低于常温组，而低温组的β－ＥＰ含量与常温组无明显差异．结论：亚低温能使火器性颅脑损伤动物ＤｙｎＡ释放减少，从而可能减轻动物颅脑火器伤后继发性损害，而对β－ＥＰ释放没有影响．     

脑梗死病人血清及脑脊液γ—氨基丁酸的含量变化

采用放射受体分析方法测定了４２例脑梗死病人急性期与恢复期血清及脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）γ－氨基丁酸（ＧＡＢＡ）水平，发现脑梗死急性期ＣＳＦ内ＧＡＢＡ含量显著高于恢复期及对照组（Ｐ〈０．００１）；ＣＳＦ内ＧＡＢＡ含量与脑梗死面积大小有关，梗死面积愈大，ＣＳＦ内ＧＡＢＡ水平愈高。血清ＧＡＢＡ含量梗死组在急性期和恢复期与对照组比较均无明显差异，血清和ＣＳＦ内ＧＡＢＡ含量之间无任何相关性。     

速避凝对急性脑梗塞自由基和临床转归的影响

目的：探讨速避凝对急性脑梗塞的脑保护作用。方法：设立治疗组与对照组，分别测定各组ＳＯＤ、ＭＤＡ值及观察临床神经功能缺损改善情况。结果：用药前与用药后３天临床疗效比较，治疗组有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５），与用药后７天、１４天、２１天比较有极显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），而对照组２１天有极显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），余无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。用药前后ＳＯＤ、ＭＤＡ值比较，治疗组有显著意义（Ｐ〈０．０５），     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

新疆石河子地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的调查与分析

采用LMT法对新疆石河子地区三个规模化奶牛场泌乳牛群进行了隐性乳房炎检测,共检测994头泌乳牛3976个乳区.结果表明:奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为81.9%,乳区阳性率为49.1%.数据分析表明,不同年龄、胎次以及有无卧床奶牛的隐性乳房炎阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),后乳区的隐性乳房炎感染率显著高于前乳区感染率(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎乳区发生数也明显影响当日产奶量(P<0.05).     

Sex differences in neuromuscular fatigability in response to load carriage in the field in British Army recruits

Objectives

Women are resistant to neuromuscular fatigue compared to men in response to a range of exercise tasks. The sex differences in the neuromuscular responses to load carriage have yet to be investigated.

Decrease in eccentric hamstring strength in runners in the Tirol Speed Marathon

Background

The local muscular endurance of knee flexors, during eccentric work in particular, is important in preventing or delaying kinematic changes associated with fatigue during treadmill running. This result, however, may not be transferable to overground running.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that overground running is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue.

Methods

Thirteen runners (12 male and one female) performed an isokinetic muscle test three to four days before and 18 hours after a marathon. Both legs were tested. The testing protocol consisted of concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring contractions.

Results

There were no significant differences between peak torque before and after the race, except that eccentric peak hamstring torque (both thighs) was reduced.

Conclusion

Overground running (running a marathon) is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue. Eccentric hamstring fatigue may be a potential risk factor for knee and soft tissue injuries during running. Eccentric hamstring training should therefore be introduced as an integral part of the training programme of runners.     

肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸碱失衡判断方法探讨(附80例次血气分析)

目的：对42例肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒患者的80例次血气测定结果。方法：用不同的酸碱图（卡）及代偿公式进行酸碱类型的初步差别分析。结果：结合临床表现、各种影响因素与治疗反应等作出综合判定。结论：比较二种判定的差异，并提出较为实用、可靠的判断建议，以助于复合型呼吸性酸碱失衡的临床诊断与处理。     

Oxalosis in primary hyperoxaluria in infancy

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare inborn autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to the deficiency of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate-aminotransferase. This deficiency results in excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate, inducing renal stone formation and deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidney, bone, myocardium, and vessels (systemic oxalosis, SO) in the most severely affected individuals. We report renal and skeletal changes in a 3-month-old girl with PH1 and SO. Intense cortico-medullary hyperechogenicity and increased homogeneous radiopacity of normal-sized kidneys suggested the diagnosis of SO. Skeletal survey showed osteopenia and characteristic symmetrical metaphyseal transverse bands in long bones, progressively becoming more dense and migrating towards the diaphysis. Multiple pathological and slowly healing fractures of the limbs occurred at the dense band level. A radiopaque rim was then observed in flat bones, epiphyseal nuclei, and vertebral bodies. Inflammatory granulomatous reaction, induced by the presence of oxalate crystals in the marrow spaces, coexisted with progressively evident radiological signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with partially overlapping features. The patient was treated by peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis until combined liver–kidney transplantation. There are no previous reports of infants treated with hemodialysis for more than 2 years.     

Interventional radiology in oncology in private practice

Interventional oncology in private practice requires expert training and can be performed in a stand-alone facility for type 1 procedures in a hospital setting for type 2 and 3 procedures where subspecialized radiologists, state-of-the-art equipment, and postprocedure hospital monitoring are available. A multidisciplinary effort with oncologists, internal medicine physicians and anesthesiologists is necessary. The practice of interventional oncology requires around the clock availability, meticulous and established protocols and procedures and a financial investment. On the other hand, it is professionally gratifying because of constant technical advances and the impact on patients.