急性髓细胞性白血病的N-ras癌基因表达

ｒａｓ癌基因是最早被确定的由点突变方式激活而致细胞癌变的原位癌基因 ,ｒａｓ癌基因突变在白血病的发病机制中具有重要作用 ,Ｎ -ｒａｓ癌基因是急性髓细胞性白血病 (ＡＭＬ)最常被检测到的基因异常 ,为此 ,我们检测ＡＭＬ中Ｎ -ｒａｓ的变化 ,报告如下。材料和方法　取本科住院初发ＡＭＬ患者 10例 ,按ＦＡＢ分型Ｍ12例 ,Ｍ2 2例 ,Ｍ33例 ,Ｍ53例。取患者静脉血 5ｍｌ,肝素抗凝 ,ＲＰＭ16 4 0稀释 ,置于淋巴细胞分离液上 (比重 1 0 77) ,180 0ｒｐｍ离心 15分钟 ,分离出单个核细胞层 ,用ＲＰＭ16 4 0悬浮制成悬浮液。ＲＴ—ＰＣＲ方法　…     

乳腺癌癌基因及抑癌基因的研究新进展

随着细胞生物学和分子生物学理论和技术的发展,已认识到乳腺癌的发生发展是多种异常基因共同作用的结果。其中包括乳腺癌癌基因、抑癌基因、易感基因、细胞周期调控基因、细胞凋亡调控基因、多耐药基因、血管生成相关基因等。其中癌基因的激活和抑癌基因的失活是肿瘤发生的     

转化生长因子TGF-β及抑癌基因 nm23-H1在前列腺癌组织中的表达与意义

目的研究抑癌基nm2 3 H1及TGF β在前列腺癌组织中的表达与意义。 方法采用鼠抗人nm2 3 H1及TGF β单克隆抗体及免疫组织化学SABC法。 结果在 40例前列腺癌组织标本中 ,nm2 3 H1在高、中、低分化前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为 70 % (7/ 10 )、6 8 75 % (11/ 16 )、2 1 42 %(3/ 14) ;临床分期阳性率分别为T16 6 7% (10 / 15 )、T2 6 3 36 % (7/ 11)、T333 3% (2 / 6 )、T4 2 5 % (2 / 8)。TGF β在高、中、低分化前列腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为 30 % (3/ 10 )、31 2 5 % (5 / 16 )、71 42 % (10 /14) ;临床分期阳性率分别为T14 0 % (6 / 15 )、T2 45 5 % (5 / 11)、T35 0 % (3/ 6 )、T4 5 0 % (4/ 8)。nm2 3 H1在高、中分化前列腺癌组织中的表达强于在低分化前列腺癌组织中的表达 (P <0 0 1) ,T1、T2 期阳性表达强于T3、T4 期 (P <0 0 1)。TGF β在高、中分化前列腺癌组织中的表达弱于低分化前列腺癌组织 (P <0 0 1) ,而其在不同临床分期的表达差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论抑癌基因nm2 3 H1表达与前列腺癌分化程度及临床分期呈负相关 ;TGF β表达与前列腺癌病理分化呈正相关 ,而与其临床分期无关。因而借助nm2 3 H1与TGF β的表达水平可协助鉴定前列腺癌分化程度并评估预后     

ras癌基因和大肠癌关系的研究

ras癌基因是目前所知最保守的一族癌基因，对细胞生长、增殖、发育及分化调控、细胞的恶性转化都起着重要作用。其基因突变和蛋白产物P21的过度表达可见于多种肿瘤，其中与大肠癌的关系最为密切。一、ras癌基因和P。l’“”ras癌基因是最早被确定的致细胞癌变的基因，其家族包括H－ras、K－ras和N－ras。前二者分别在Harvery和Kirsten鼠肉瘤病毒中发现，后者则于成纤维母细胞瘤中发现。人类染色体定位研究结果表明：K－ras定位于染色体12p’‘”－”””，H－ras定位于染色体liP‘’”‘－‘’”‘，N－ras定位于染色体IP2’一“，三…     

wt—P53基因对人膀胱移行细胞癌细胞系转染及其生物学特性影响的研究

目的：探讨膀胱肿瘤的治疗途径。方法：利用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ将外源性野生型ｐ５３（ｗｔ－ｐ５３）基因导入人膀销移行细胞癌细胞系ＴＢＣ－１细胞中,并得到表达,结果;细胞在体外标准条件下,生长增殖率降低,流式细胞计检测显示细胞周期Ｇ０＋Ｇ１细胞比例明显增高,凋亡指数升高,细胞生长速度减低,代表细胞增殖能力的ＡｇＮＯＲｓ计数下降,结论：增加ｗｔ－ｐ５３的基因表达具有抑制恶性肿瘤生长的作用。     

垂体肿瘤转化基因与肿瘤

垂体肿瘤转化基因(Pituitarytumor-transforminggene,PTTG)是一种新近发现的肿瘤转化基因。近年来的报道显示,PTTG在没有其它辅助癌基因参与下既具有致瘤能力又与大多数肿瘤发生有密切关系。1PTTG的基因结构、正常表达及分布1997年,Pei等犤1犦利用差异显示PCR技术发现,有一条约396bp的DNA片断与当时分离出来的基因库中已知序列无同源性,用此片段从垂体肿瘤细胞中检测到一个长约1.3kb的mRNA呈高表达,而在正常垂体细胞中则没有。为进一步描述这个垂体肿瘤mRNA的特征,他们用396bpDNA片段作探针从大鼠垂体肿瘤细胞系GH4cDNA文库中…     

癌基因、抑癌基因、环境化学致癌的分子生物学基础

癌基因、抑癌基因、环境化学致癌的分子生物学基础李学明致癌作用是一个复杂的多阶段过程，大致可以分为启动、促癌、进展和转移几个阶段。多年来化学致癌理论偏重于体细胞突变学说，大量的实验肯定了肿瘤的发生和发展与ＤＮＡ损伤以及由于ＤＮＡ损伤导致的细胞突变有密切...     

癌基因治疗传递系统研究的新进展

基因治疗的主要目的是开发和利用高效无毒的基因载体，包裹和传递外源性基因材料到靶细胞。病毒型基因载体包括逆转录病毒、腺病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、腺病毒相关病毒和痘病毒，基因传递效率高，但安全性差和基因载量低。非病毒载体包括阳离子聚合物、阳离子多肽和阳离子脂质体，基因传递效率比病毒载体低，但更安全、制备简单、基因包裹率高。     

乳腺癌原癌基因HER-2反义寡脱氧核苷酸-叶酸诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡的研究

目的:研究乳腺癌原癌基因HER-2反义寡脱氧核苷酸(ASODN)对乳腺癌细胞SK-Br-3凋亡和蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用DNA原位末端标记染色和Annexin-V荧光标记法检测ASODN-叶酸(FA)对乳腺癌细胞凋亡的影响,免疫组化检测p185蛋白的表达。结果:与空白对照组比较,ASODN-FA组凋亡指数、早期凋亡细胞阳性率、p185表达平均光密度值2组分别为(4.60±1.76)%、(17.37±2.78)%,(2.75±1.09)%、(18.62±1.80)%,0.31±0.06、0.11±0.02(P<0.05)。结论:HER-2A-SODN可诱导乳腺癌细胞SK-Br-3的早期和晚期凋亡,p185蛋白表达降低。     

反式—BPDE诱发人胎气管上皮细胞H—ras癌基因点突变的研究

用苯并[a]芘的代谢物反式-BPDE,作用于6例体外培养人胎气管上皮细胞,2至6周后,用PCR结合限制性内切酸酶切片段多态性分析法,检测H-ras癌基因12位点密码子的点突变情况。结果显示,经反式-BPDE处理的气管上皮细胞,都有H-ras癌基因第12位点密码子的点突变,其中部分细胞还同时伴有起始密码子上游24bp处的另一个CCGG序列的点突变,而这些细胞都未出现典型的转化细胞的形态特征的改变。提示癌基因的点突变早于细胞形态学的改变。     

EGFP基因在不同细胞中的转染效率

目的旨在比较EGFP基因不同细胞中的转染效率。方法本试验使用阳离子聚合物聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)介导质粒pEGFP-N1转染AAV-293、NIH-3T3、CEF3种细胞,转染48h后在荧光倒置显微镜下观察,并分析转染效率。结果 3种细胞系都能够观察到绿色荧光。结论 EGFP基因在NIH-3T3细胞中的转染效率最高,其次是AAV-293细胞,而在CEF细胞中转染效率较低。     

玻璃纤维桩加树脂核与铸造金属桩核修复上颌前磨牙的疗效观察

目的探讨玻璃纤维桩加树脂核与铸遣金属桩核修复上颌前磨牙残根残冠疗效情况。方法通过分析上颌前磨牙残根残冠病例的临床资料情况,依据修复方式不同进行I岛床随机分组,修复I组采用铸造金属桩核修复36例和修复II组采用LuxaPost玻璃纤维桩进行修复33例。结果修复II组上颌前磨牙残根残冠病例保存修复成功率明显高于修复I组,P〈0．05,差异均有统计学意义。结论玻璃纤维桩加树脂核修复上颌前磨牙残根残冠临床疗效较好,折断率低,美观性能好,值得临床推广应用。     

The Feasibility and Acceptability of Google Glass for Teletoxicology Consults

Teletoxicology offers the potential for toxicologists to assist in providing medical care at remote locations, via remote, interactive augmented audiovisual technology. This study examined the feasibility of using Google Glass, a head-mounted device that incorporates a webcam, viewing prism, and wireless connectivity, to assess the poisoned patient by a medical toxicology consult staff. Emergency medicine residents (resident toxicology consultants) rotating on the toxicology service wore Glass during bedside evaluation of poisoned patients; Glass transmitted real-time video of patients’ physical examination findings to toxicology fellows and attendings (supervisory consultants), who reviewed these findings. We evaluated the usability (e.g., quality of connectivity and video feeds) of Glass by supervisory consultants, as well as attitudes towards use of Glass. Resident toxicology consultants and supervisory consultants completed 18 consults through Glass. Toxicologists viewing the video stream found the quality of audio and visual transmission usable in 89 % of cases. Toxicologists reported their management of the patient changed after viewing the patient through Glass in 56 % of cases. Based on findings obtained through Glass, toxicologists recommended specific antidotes in six cases. Head-mounted devices like Google Glass may be effective tools for real-time teletoxicology consultation.     

Inhibitory Effect of an Urotensin II Receptor Antagonist on Proinflammatory Activation Induced by Urotensin II in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells

In this study, we investigated the effects of a selective urotensin II (UII) receptor antagonist, SB-657510, on the inflammatory response induced by UII in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EA.hy926) and human monocytes (U937). UII induced inflammatory activation of endothelial cells through expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), adhesion molecules (VCAM-1), and tissue factor (TF), which facilitates the adhesion of monocytes to EA.hy926 cells. Treatment with SB-657510 significantly inhibited UII-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and VCAM-1 in EA.hy926 cells. Further, SB-657510 dramatically blocked the UII-induced increase in adhesion between U937 and EA.hy926 cells. In addition, SB-657510 remarkably reduced UII-induced expression of TF in EA.hy926 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the UII antagonist SB-657510 decreases the progression of inflammation induced by UII in endothelial cells.     

小檗碱诱导人急性T淋巴细胞白血病细胞凋亡的研究

目的探讨小檗碱诱导人急性T淋巴细胞白血病细胞(MOLT-4)凋亡的作用。 方法将处于对数生长期的MOLT-4细胞分为3组，A组加入小檗碱(10，100 mg·L^–1)，B组加入柔红霉素1 mg·L^-1，C组加入小檗碱＋柔红霉素，作用6 和24 h后，用MTT法检测细胞存活率；用流式细胞术、DNA电泳及光学显微镜观察小檗碱对MOLT-4细胞凋亡的影响。结果作用6，24 h后，A组(10 mg·L-¹)细胞存活率分别为81.80%，64.67%； B组为98.38%，38.46%，C组为68.35%，20.51%；C组与A、B组比较，在两个时间段差异均有显著性(P＜0.05)。小檗碱诱导MOLT-4细胞发生典型的细胞凋亡形态学变化，出现DNA规律性断裂，电泳呈典型的梯状条带变化。细胞周期分析提示小檗碱浓度在10，100 mg·L-1时作用24 h细胞凋亡率分别为5.83%，19.93%。结论小檗碱具有诱导白血病细胞凋亡的作用，且小檗碱可增强柔红霉素的抗肿瘤作用，为其临床应用提供了依据。     

原子吸收光谱法测定玻璃输液瓶中的锑浸出量

目的:建立原子吸收光谱法测定玻璃输液瓶的锑浸出量方法。方法:样品液直接用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定,加入基体改进剂氯化钯和硝酸镁,优化石墨炉加热程序中的灰化温度、原子化温度。结果:锑在1～30μg·L^-1范围内线性良好（r=0.999 2）,检出限为0.425μg·L^-1,回收率为98.2%（RSD=1.3%,n=9）。结论:该方法简便、快速准确、灵敏度高。     

Apoptosis of ATII Cells in Mice Induced by Phosgene

Phosgene inhalation can induced pulmonary edema formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate cell of apoptosis in pulmonary edema mice induced by phosgene. Fifty-two BALB/c mice were random divided into a negative group and a positive group with 26 mice in each. Mice were exposed for 5 min to air and phosgene in the negative group and in the positive one, respectively. The dose of phosgene was 539 ppm. After 4 h of exposure, all mice were anesthetized. Lungs were analyzed for lung wet/dry weight ratio and pathological alternation. The method of isolation and culture of alveolar type II cells (ATII cells) was established to observe their apoptosis by electron microscope and flow cytometry. Apoptosis of lung cells was observed by DNA gel electrophoresis and TUNEL. The lung wet/dry weight ratio was significantly higher in the positive group (6.42 ± 1.00) than in the negative group (4.25 ± 0.47, p < 0.05). A large amount of fluid effusion was observed in the alveolus of mice induced by phosgene. Alveolar type II cells were identified by tannic acid stainning and electron microscope. The apoptotic signs in alveolar type II cells, alveolar type I cells, eosinophils, macrophages, symphocytes, and ciliated cells were viewed under electron microscope in positive group. The ratio of apoptosis cells (40.26 ± 7.74) in positive was higher than that (1.58 ± 1.01, p < 0.001) in the negative group by flow cytometry. DNA ladder alternation was seen through DNA gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis of epithelia and vascular endothelia in lung were found by TUNEL. These results indicate that there is success in establishing a model of pulmonary edema and method of isolation and culture of AT II cells in BALB/c mice. Phosgene can induce apoptosis of cells in the lungs of BALB/c mice, and this indicates that pulmonary edema is related to apoptosis of lung cells in mice, induced by phosgene.     

青蒿琥酯诱导NB4细胞凋亡机制的研究

目的:研究青蒿琥酯诱导NB4细胞凋亡的机制。方法:通过细胞形态学、流式细胞仪检测青蒿琥酯对NB4细胞凋亡的影响,采用ELISA法检测半胱天冬酶-3(Caspase-3)活性。结果:青蒿琥酯可诱导NB4细胞凋亡,并伴有Caspase-3活性增高。结论:青蒿琥酯诱导NB4细胞凋亡可通过激活Caspase-3而实现。