“十字法”护理干预对慢性精神分裂症患者自理行为和能力的影响

目的 探讨“十字法”护理干预对长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者自理行为和自理能力的影响。方法 将116例精神分裂症患者随机分成干预组和对照组各58例。在药物治疗的基础上，干预组实行“十字法”（床、衣、饭、药、言、动、安全、卫生）护理干预，对照组实行传统看管式护理。于干预前及干预后第8周末，用自制的“十字法”干预评价标准表、住院精神患者康复疗效评定量表（IPROS）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）对2组患者的自理行为、日常生活自理能力层次及社会功能缺陷程度进行评定，并进行对照比较。结果 干预后患者的自理能力明显强于对照及干预前，差异有极显性意义（P〈0．01）；IPROS总分及各因子评分、ADL躯体生活自理量表及工具性生活量表评分均低于对照组及干预前，差异有显著性或非常显著性意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论 “十字法”护理干预可有效改善慢性精神分裂症患者自理行为和社会功能缺陷，促进日常生活自理能力的提高。     

家庭护理干预对出院精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响

目的 探讨家庭护理干预对精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响,及提高其自理行为的方法.方法 将康复出院精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组与对照组,对干预组制订个体化的康复训练计划,对其家属实施健康指导,使患者家属共同参与家庭护理干预,为期4w,随访1年,采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)对其自理行为进行评估.结果 干预组患者ADL的躯体生活自理能力和工具性日常生活能力显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);SDSS的社会功能改善程度也显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 家庭护理干预有助于增进患者自我照顾能力,减缓精神分裂症患者的功能衰退,提高自理行为.     

家庭护理干预对出院精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响

目的 探讨家庭护理干预对精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响,及提高其自理行为的方法.方法 将康复出院精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组与对照组,对干预组制订个体化的康复训练计划,对其家属实施健康指导,使患者家属共同参与家庭护理干预,为期4w,随访1年,采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)对其自理行为进行评估.结果 干预组患者ADL的躯体生活自理能力和工具性日常生活能力显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);SDSS的社会功能改善程度也显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 家庭护理干预有助于增进患者自我照顾能力,减缓精神分裂症患者的功能衰退,提高自理行为.     

家庭护理干预对出院精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响

目的 探讨家庭护理干预对精神分裂症患者自理行为的影响,及提高其自理行为的方法.方法 将康复出院精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组与对照组,对干预组制订个体化的康复训练计划,对其家属实施健康指导,使患者家属共同参与家庭护理干预,为期4w,随访1年,采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)对其自理行为进行评估.结果 干预组患者ADL的躯体生活自理能力和工具性日常生活能力显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);SDSS的社会功能改善程度也显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 家庭护理干预有助于增进患者自我照顾能力,减缓精神分裂症患者的功能衰退,提高自理行为.     

综合护理干预对精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响

目的:探讨综合护理干预对精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响。方法:将90例精神分裂症患者随机分为观察组和对照组各45例,对照组应用Orem自理模式理论,观察组在此基础上给予综合护理干预。评估两组患者干预前与干预12周后住院精神患者康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)情况。结果:干预后两组患者IPROS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后两组患者ADL评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者在应用Orem自理模式的基础上给予综合护理干预,可提高患者日常生活自理能力,改善患者的社会功能和自理行为,值得临床推广应用。     

综合护理干预在精神分裂症病人护理中的应用

[目的]探索综合护理干预对精神分裂症病人自理能力的影响程度.[方法]将72例住院精神分裂症病人随机分成研究组36例,对照组36例,两组在药物治疗不变的基础上,均应用Orem自理模式理论进行护理干预,不同的是研究组增加了综合应用人文、社会、自然科学知识和护理伦理学知识影响病人,把护患沟通伦理贯穿于Orem自理模式应用的实践中.两组病人在干预前与干预后12周末采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)和住院精神病人康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)进行效果评价.[结果]两组病人干预后ADL评分比较,躯体生活自理、工具性日常能力均有统计学意义(P<0.01);IPROS评分比较,5个分量表及总分均有统计学意义(P<0.01).[结论]应用Orem自理模式理论对精神分裂症病人进行护理干预,可有效改善病人的自理行为和社会功能,促进病人日常生活自理能力的提高,但应用人文、社会、自然科学知识和护理伦理学知识影响病人,并把护患沟通伦理贯穿于Orem自理模式应用的实践中效果更显著.     

Ｏｒｅｍ自理模式训练对康复期精神分裂症患者自理能力

摘要：目的 探讨Ｏｒｅｍ自理模式训练对康复期精神分裂症患者自理能力的影响。方法 将９６例康复期精神分裂症患者随机分成观察组和对照组各４８例，在药物治疗的基础上，观察组应用Ｏｒｅｍ自理模式进行护理干预，对照组按精神科常规护理。于干预前及干预后第８周末，采用日常生活能力量表（ＡＤＬ）、住院精神患者康复疗效评定量表（ＩＰＲＯＳ）对两组患者的自理能力及社会功能缺陷程度进行评定。结果 观察组干预后ＩＰＲＯＳ总分及各因子评分、躯体生活自理及工具性自理能力评分显著低于同时期对照组及本组干预前 （Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 应用Ｏｒｅｍ自理模式训练可有效提高康复期精神分裂症患者自理行为和社会功能，促进日常生活自理能力的提高。关键词：精神分裂症；　Ｏｒｅｍ自理模式；　自理能力；　社会功能；　护理中图分类号：Ｒ４７３．７４　　文献标识码：Ｂ　　文章编号：１００１-４１５２（２００７）１１-００６６-０２     

Orem 自理模式在慢性肺源性心脏病患者中的应用效果观察

目的：探讨Orem自理模式对慢性肺源性心脏病患者生活质量的影响。方法将100例慢性肺源性心脏病患者随机分为观察组（50例）和对照组（50例）,观察组采用Orem自理模式护理,对照组采用常规护理。出院时采用生活自理能力（ADL）评价量表对两组进行效果评价。结果干预前两组ADL评分、自理能力、疾病知识缺乏程度无显著性差异（ P＞0．05）。干预后观察组ADL评分、自理能力、疾病知识掌握情况均优于对照组（P ＜0．05或0．01）。结论 Orem自理模式能显著提高慢性肺源性心脏病患者的生活质量。     

群组管理对慢性精神分裂症患者生活自理能力的影响

目的 探讨群组管理对慢性精神分裂症患者生活自理能力的影响.方法 将80例长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组和对照组,每组40例.对照组实施常规治疗护理及健康教育,研究组在此基础上参与为期8周的群组管理护理活动.干预前后分别采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、护士用住院患者观察量表(NOSIE)进行评定.结果 干预前两组ADL、NOSIE评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).干预后研究组ADL评分明显提高(P<0.01).干预后研究组ADL、NOSIE评分高于对照组(P<0.01).结论 将群组管理模式应用于慢性精神分裂症患者,可提高慢性精神分裂症患者的日常生活自理能力,改善患者的社会功能,提高患者的生活质量.     

血管性痴呆患者行为干预的研究

目的探讨血管性痴呆(VD)患者认知功能康复训练效果.方法将172例轻、中度VD(简易智能状态量表(MMSE)10～24分)患者进行随机12周行为干预临床研究,其中90例为单盲对照研究,82例为自身对照干预研究.结果随机、单盲干预组较对照组MMSE、日常生活自理量表(ADL)分数显著改善,P＜0.01;自身对照干预组研究结果显示,干预4周后,MMSE、ADL分数已有改善,P＜0.05,12周后MMSE、ADL分数有显著改善,P＜0.01.结论持续有计划地对轻、中度VD患者进行行为干预训练,对VD患者的认知功能和日常生活自理能力均有明显改善.此训练经济、方便,患者及家属容易接受和坚持.     

French validation of the "Exercise of self-care agency" scale for heart patients

Self-care agency is the practice of health-related activities that individuals deliberately initiate and perform in order to maintain life, health and well-being (OREM, 1987). A tool measuring self-care agency is useful to nurses for identifying patients lacking knowledge, motivation, and for those with limited self-care agency. KEARNEY and FLEISCHER (1979) have developed the Exercise of Self-care Agency (ESCA) scale to asses the extent to which individuals take action toward their health care. Several studies suggest that the ESCA scale possesses adequate psychometric properties (KEARNEY & FLEISCHER, 1979; LUCAS, MORRIS & ALEXANDER, 1988; MCBRIDE, 1987; RIESCH & HAUCK, 1988). The lack of a validated tool measuring self-care agency among french speaking populations, led us to translate the ESCA scale and to examine its psychometric properties in a sample of French Canadian individuals who have survived a recent non-complicated myocardial infarction (MI). At 8 and 14 weeks after their MI, 83 subjects aged 52 +/- 10 years with a 1,857 +/- 1,605 U/L MI and an ejection fraction of 51 +/- 10% completed the french-ESCA scale. Mean scores were 112.6 +/- 13.3 at 8 weeks and 117.9 +/- 14.0 at 14 weeks post-MI. Internal consistency coefficients of the french-ESCA scale (at 8 and 14 weeks post-MI) are acceptable (0.84 and 0.88, respectively). Internal consistency coefficients are similar to those obtained in previous studies whereas mean scores on the ESCA scale are somewhat higher (RIESCH & HAUCK, 1988). Cronbach alphas for the french-ESCA scale's sub-scales are generally lower: Self-concept (0.57 and 0.69), Initiative/responsibility (0.72 and 0.80), Knowledge/information seeking (0.80 and 0.79), and Taking actions (0.49 and 0.62). The french-ESCA scale appears stable within the 6 weeks period (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). We recommend to further assess the french-ESCA scale's psychometric properties using larger samples of subjects with or without various health problems.     

Health-promoting self-care behaviors,self-care self-efficacy,and self-care agency

The relationships among health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency were investigated. The purpose of the study reported here was to explore conceptual integration that could be useful in determining interventions that enhance self-care agency. The sample consisted of 379 adult subjects. The instrumentation scales included: Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices, and Exercise of Self-Care Agency. A canonical correlation identified a significant variate with a correlation of .76 (p < .001) accounting for 58% of the variance explained. The loading variables included: spiritual growth, self-concept, initiative, and responsibility. Therefore, spiritual growth was more strongly related to self-care agency than self-efficacy.     

自护培训对带T管出院患者家庭护理效果影响

目的:探讨自护培训对带T管出院患者家庭T管护理效果的作用。方法:根据时间段将59例带T管出院患者分为常规组28例和培训组31例。住院期间常规组采用常规护理,培训组在此基础上对患者及其家属进行T管自护培训。比较两组患者T管护理知识知晓情况及T管护理效果。结果:培训组T管知识知晓情况和T管家庭护理效果均显著优于常规组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:T管自护培训能有效地促进患者掌握T管的护理知识和方法,有利于带T管出院患者家庭T管护理。     

Predictors of self-care in adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a test of Orem's theories of self-care and self-care deficit

Pediatric nurses often struggle to find ways to encourage adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) to engage in self-care that is essential to their health and life. A study of predictors of self-care was conducted to provide a stronger evidence base for nursing practice with these youth. Orem's theories of self-care and self-care deficit were tested to explain and predict the universal and health deviation self-care of 123 adolescents with CF. Four dimensions of self-care agency emerged as predictors of universal self-care, two of which were also predictive of health deviation self-care. Seventy percent of the variance or change in universal self-care scores and 40% of health deviation self-care variance were explained. Clarification and extension of Orem's theories were also an important outcome. Development of nursing interventions designed to strengthen predictors of universal and health deviation-specific self-care identified in this research holds the potential to improve length and quality of life for adolescents with CF.