基于小波变换的心电信号检测的应用研究

利用二进样条小波对信号按Madlat算法进行数字滤波，去除干扰。再利用动态的检测算法及规则对QRS波主要集中的2^3尺度下的QRS波进行检测。从而有效的提高QRS波的正确检测率。     

基于EMD方法和加窗的QRS波群检测算法

提出了一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)方法和自适应加窗技术的QRS波群检测算法,该算法主要是利用Hilbert-Huang变换提出适合QRS波群检测的EMD方法,利用该算法对sddb数据库中第30号信号和mitdb数据库中第208号信号进行处理,得到R波的检测结果;同时,利用自适应加窗技术对Q点和S点的检测技术进行分析。通过对MIT/BIT心率异常数据库的部分数据进行R波检测,结果表明,本文提出的算法具有很好的检测效果,其R波的平均正确检测率达到了99.62%,QRS波群的平均敏感性为98.91%,相应的平均特异性为99.35%。     

基于EMD方法和加窗的QRS波群检测算法EI北大核心CSCD

提出了一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)方法和自适应加窗技术的QRS波群检测算法,该算法主要是利用Hilbert-Huang变换提出适合QRS波群检测的EMD方法,利用该算法对sddb数据库中第30号信号和mitdb数据库中第208号信号进行处理,得到R波的检测结果;同时,利用自适应加窗技术对Q点和S点的检测技术进行分析。通过对MIT/BIT心率异常数据库的部分数据进行R波检测,结果表明,本文提出的算法具有很好的检测效果,其R波的平均正确检测率达到了99.62%,QRS波群的平均敏感性为98.91%,相应的平均特异性为99.35%。     

QRS复合波检测技术综述

心电图是诊断各种心脏疾病的一个重要手段,而准确识别QRS复合波也是多种自动化心电图分析方法的一个前 提。检测QRS复合波的传统方法主要有差分阈值算法、双阈值检测算法、经验模态分解法、小波变换算法等,这些算法的 主要步骤包括对心电信号进行预处理、特征提取和检测等,对心电信号质量要求比较高,且通用性不是很强。相对于传统 方法检测QRS复合波,人工智能的发展特别是深度学习的出现为QRS复合波检测提供一种新的方法,利用深度学习可自 主提取QRS复合波特征信息,从而进行精准定位,相比传统方法,鲁棒性更好,对信号质量不佳的数据检测效果更好。本 研究主要对用于QRS复合波预处理以及检测的技术进行综述,并对检测技术的发展进行展望。     

基于复值小波分解的QRS波群检测算法

心电信号特征参数的提取和识别是心电图分析和诊断的基础。在心电信号的分析中,QRS波群快速准确的检测非常重要,它是相关参数计算和诊断的前提。本文对心电信号进行复值小波分解后,利用分解结果的模值来检测QRS波。由于心电信号的形态和幅值因人而异,所以用自学习算法来调整阈值以适应信号的变化。用MIT-BIH心电数据库中的数据对以上方法进行验证,QRS波群的检测率高达99.81%以上。最后,在检测出QRS波群特征点的基础上,利用相类似的方法检测出P、T波。     

心电信号QRS波的识别算法及程序设计

实现心电图QRS波检测的算法有很多,本文介绍了一种算法,即利用波变换的多尺特性,可以将QRS波从高P波,高T波,噪声,基线漂移和伪迹中分离出灵,并采用Microsoft VisualC 5.0编程实现算法,使用该方法对MIT／BIH心电数据库中带有严重基线漂移和噪声的心电信号进行处理,对QRS的识别率高达99．8％,文中给出给程序设计要点和程序流程图。     

基于提升小波变换和多种策略的QRS波检测算法

目的：为了提高计算机处理心电信号的速率和精度,提出了一种基于提升小波变换,结合多种策略的QRS波检测算法。方法：首先采用基于阀值的提升小波去噪方法去除心电信号中的高频白噪声和低频基线漂移;再对处理后的心电信号进行提升小波分解,得出各层逼近信号和细节信号,在第3尺度上采用模极大值阀值法对R波进行检测．找出备选的R波,同时采用几何的方法定位Q波和S波及QRS波起点和终点;最后采用补偿法、波宽法及QRS波时长法对QRS波群进行纠正。结果：本文算法在时域心电图上实现了QRS波的准确定位．提取了心电图的QRS波段。通过MIT—BIH数据库验证,本算法具有很好的表现。结论：实验结果表明,相比传统的算法,本文采用的提升小波和多种策略的检测算法．能有效的检测QRS波,为心电信号的自动识别奠定了基础。     

基于经验模式分解的心电特征提取算法

本研究应用基于经验模式分解的心电特征提取方法,利用第一本征模函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量对QRS波进行定位,并通过减少分解层数、筛选次数、处理区域等策略实现了快速算法。利用MIT-BIT心律失常数据库的数据进行算法测试,取得较高的检测率,检测速度也有明显提高。实验结果表明,经验模式分解算法在QRS波定位中具有相当的优越性,临床应用中取得了良好的检测效果。     

基于经验模态分解和Hilbert变换的QRS综合波检测算法

提出一种新的有效结合经验模态分解(EMD)和Hilbert变换的QRS综合波检测算法。采用EMD将心电信号分解成一系列内蕴模式分量(IMFs),舍去对应于高频噪声的IMF1和IMF2,舍去对应于低频噪声的最后两个IMFs和趋势项,能有效地抑制高频噪声和基线漂移。将降噪后的信号进行Hilbert变换,得到对应的解析函数,利用其包络,进一步抑制高大P波、T波等对QRS综合波检测的影响,采用自适应阈值进行QRS综合波检测。经MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database全部数据检测验证,平均正确检测率可达到99.78%,表明本算法具有较高的正确检测率和良好的抗噪性能。     

基于Ⅰ导联ECG的心肌梗死特征提取EI北大核心CSCD

提出了基于ECG导联Ⅰ的单周期信号的心肌梗死特征提取算法,避免了利用多导联ECG检测心肌梗死带来的不便。首先对导联Ⅰ的ECG信号进行去噪处理;然后,引入小波包算法提取QRS波群、T波的主频带,重构QRS波群、T波的波形并确定ST段的始末位置;最后,运用小波的多分辨分析对ST段进行分解并提取导联Ⅰ信号的心肌梗死的特征波形。实验结果表明,本文算法具有较高识别率,这为ECG导联Ⅰ信号用于心肌梗死的检测与诊断提供了依据。     

A nonlinear trimmed moving averaging-based system with its application to real-time QRS beat classification

In this paper, a real-time QRS beat classification system based on a nonlinear trimmed moving average filter is presented. This nonlinear system aims to identify abnormal beats of ventricular origin. The proposed beat classifier is designed to work in parallel with a real-time QRS detector, allowing the task of beat diagnosis to be performed immediately after a QRS complex is detected. Algorithm performance was evaluated against the ECG recordings drawn from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Numerical results demonstrated that a beat classification rate of over 99.5% can be achieved by the algorithm.     

A nonlinear trimmed moving averaging-based system with its application to real-time QRS beat classification

In this paper, a real-time QRS beat classification system based on a nonlinear trimmed moving average filter is presented. This nonlinear system aims to identify abnormal beats of ventricular origin. The proposed beat classifier is designed to work in parallel with a real-time QRS detector, allowing the task of beat diagnosis to be performed immediately after a QRS complex is detected. Algorithm performance was evaluated against the ECG recordings drawn from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Numerical results demonstrated that a beat classification rate of over 99.5% can be achieved by the algorithm.     

基于小波变换的QRS波群实时检测算法

本文研究了基于小波变换方法的心电信号QRS波群检测算法,通过对心电信号进行低通滤波、小波变换、差分平滑、阈值检测和修正策略等技术,提高了QRS波群的检测率.经MIT-BIH心律失常心电数据库全部48例数据的检验,QRS波检测灵敏度达99.82%,真阳性率达99.52%.在Windows环境下可实时实现.     

R wave detection using fractional digital differentiation

In this paper, a fractional digital differentiation-based algorithm for detecting R wave in QRS complex of electrocardiogram (ECG) is developed. A FIR bandpass filter, whose coefficients only depend on fractional orders, reduces various noises present in ECG signals and generates peaks corresponding to the ECG parts with high slopes. This filter is followed by nonlinear transforms and smoothing to enhance peaks corresponding to R waves. Algorithm tests on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Beth Israel Hospital (MIT/BIH) ECG database illustrate the capability of this novel approach to recognizing QRS complexes in very noisy ECG signals. The algorithm’s performances are comparable to those of the most efficient QRS detectors tested on this database.     

QRS wave detection

A QRS complex detector based on optimum predetection with a matched filter is described. In order to improve the accuracy of the QRS complex recognition under conditions of Gaussian noise and variable QRS amplitude, the first derivative of the e.c.g. was used with zero threshold detection. In addition, two nonlinear circuits cut off low amplitude noise and all spikes which appear for a fixed time after QRS detection. Calculation of errors shows that differentiation reduces Gaussian error by √6 and errors caused by variable QRS amplitudes are close to zero. This detector is especially useful with biotelemetry systems since it reduces many interferences due to patient movement and communication channel distortion.     

Detection of the QRS complex by linear prediction

The electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the electrical activity of the heart. It is characterized by its recurrent or periodic behaviour with each beat. Each recurrence is composed of a wave sequence consisting of P, QRS and T-waves, where the most characteristic wave set is the QRS complex. In this paper, we have developed an algorithm for detection of the QRS complex. The algorithm consists of several steps: signal-to-noise enhancement, linear prediction for ECG signal analysis, nonlinear transform, moving window integrator, centre-clipping transformation and QRS detection. Linear prediction determines the coefficients of a forward linear predictor by minimizing the prediction error by a least-square approach. The residual error signal obtained after processing by the linear prediction algorithm has very significant properties which will be used to localize and detect QRS complexes. The detection algorithm is tested on ECG signals from the universal MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and compared with the Pan and Tompkins QRS detection method. The results we obtain show that our method performs better than this method. Our algorithm results in fewer false positives and fewer false negatives.     

Detection of the QRS complex by linear prediction

The electrocardiogram (ECG) represents the electrical activity of the heart. It is characterized by its recurrent or periodic behaviour with each beat. Each recurrence is composed of a wave sequence consisting of P, QRS and T-waves, where the most characteristic wave set is the QRS complex. In this paper, we have developed an algorithm for detection of the QRS complex. The algorithm consists of several steps: signal-to-noise enhancement, linear prediction for ECG signal analysis, nonlinear transform, moving window integrator, centre-clipping transformation and QRS detection. Linear prediction determines the coefficients of a forward linear predictor by minimizing the prediction error by a least-square approach. The residual error signal obtained after processing by the linear prediction algorithm has very significant properties which will be used to localize and detect QRS complexes. The detection algorithm is tested on ECG signals from the universal MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and compared with the Pan and Tompkins QRS detection method. The results we obtain show that our method performs better than this method. Our algorithm results in fewer false positives and fewer false negatives.     

基于LS估计检测QRS波群宽度

提出一种检测心电图QRS波群宽度的新方法,在检测出QRS波群并确定任意一点在QRS波群内的基础上,以所确定的点为基点,向前和向后逐段求出线段参数的LS估计,并求出线段的线性度,根据线段参数的LS估计和线性度确定基线,在此基线上再利用假设检验的方法,得出QRS波群的起点和终点,从而提取了QRS波群宽度这一特征参数。应用具有广泛认可度的MIT-BIH数据库的QT数据库的所有105个数据文件验证算法,在第一组专家标记的3623个QRS波群上,平均误差为1.2ms;在第二组专家标记的404个QRS波群上,平均误差为2.1ms。该方法具有较强的抗噪声能力和抗基线漂移能力,计算量小,运行速度快,精度高,适于实时提取。