脑卒中与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的关系

背景很多研究表明高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是导致脑卒中发病的独立危险因素.目的探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症与脑梗死和脑出血发生之间的关系,并分析可能影响同型半胱氨酸水平的相关因素.设计病例-对照实验.单位浙江大学医学院附属第二医院神经内科.对象选择2003-01/11在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院的住院患者57例,其中脑卒中57例(脑出血组21例,脑梗死组36例),并以同期到本院作体检的健康人28例作为对照组.方法所有被试者均晨起空腹抽取静脉血2 mL,测定血浆同型半胱氨酸、维生素B12、叶酸、肌酐等含量,并对所有患者进行临床神经功能缺损程度评分,脑出血组患者根据CT摄片计算出每例患者的血肿体积.主要观察指标①各组被试者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平.②血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸,维生素B12,临床神经功能缺损程度评分及血肿体积的相关性.结果57例脑卒中患者和28例健康者全部进入结果分析.①脑梗死组、脑出血组男性和女性同型半胱氨酸的水平均高于同性别对照组[(25.2±21.4),(18.3±10.9),(11.5±2.9)μ mol/L;(22.8±18.9),(14.7±7.4),(10.8±2.6)μ mol/L,P＜0.05-0.01].脑梗死组和脑出血组基本接近(P＞0.05).②脑梗死组、脑出血组患者同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸水平呈极显著负相关(r=-0.442,-0.531,P＜0.05),与维生素B12水平无显著相关性(r=-0.086,-0.111,P＞0.05).脑梗死组同型半胱氨酸水平与临床神经功能缺损程度评分无显著相关性(r=-0.139,P＞0.05),脑出血组同型半胱氨酸水平与临床神经功能缺损程度评分和血肿体积无显著相关性(r=0.225,0.425,P＞0.05).结论高同型半胱氨酸血症是脑梗死和脑出血的危险因素.血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸水平呈负相关,与维生素B12、临床神经功能缺损程度评分、血肿体积无显著相关.     

中青年脑梗死与高同型半胱氨酸血症的关系

背景：高同型半胱氨酸血症是冠心病的一个新的独立危险因素，但与脑血管疾病的关系尚有争议，空腹血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平难以完全揭示高同型半胱氨酸血症对脑梗死的影响。目的：探索高同型半胱氨酸血症及叶酸、维生素B12等营养因素和中青年脑梗死的关系，以及蛋氨酸负荷试验对于发现隐匿性高同型半胱氨酸血症的作用。设计：病例-对照实验。Spearman相关分析。对象：选择2000／2003解放军海军总医院神经内科发病2d内收住入院的脑梗死患者85例。男63例。女22例；年龄29-55岁，平均（48．74&;#177;5．05）岁。腔隙性脑梗死48例，动脉血栓性脑梗死37例。同期选择本科医务工作者及本院体检健康志愿者44名作为正常对照组，男30名，女14名，年龄29-55岁。平均（47．75&;#177;6．71）岁。方法：住院第1天空腹抽取静脉血6mL，取2mL测定空腹血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平利用高效液相色谱法，空腹采血后即刻口服蛋氨酸0．1g／kg，4h后再次取血检测血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平；取其余4mL空腹抽取的静脉血检测血清叶酸、维生素B12采用化学发光法。主要观察指标：①脑梗死组与对照组空腹及负荷后血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平。②脑梗死组与对照组高同型半胱氨酸血症发生率[以高于正常对照组空腹或／和负荷后4h血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平95％参考范围的上限作为诊断高同型半胱氨酸血症的标准，即空腹，男性〉17．26μmol/L，女性〉14．17μmol／L；负荷后，男性〉44．57μmol/L，女性〉40．02μmol/L]。③脑梗死组与对照组血清叶酸、维生素B12水平。④血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平与相关危险因素的单因素分析。结果：85例脑梗死患者，44例正常对照组均进入结果分析。①脑梗死组与对照组空腹及负荷后血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平：脑梗死组空腹及负荷后显著高于对照组[（22．49&;#177;9．80），（13．08&;#177;2．33）μmol／L；（48．07&;#177;11．20），（37．23&;#177;3．48）μmol／L，（t=8．409，8．187，P〈0．01）]。②脑梗死组与对照组高同型半胱氨酸血症发生率：脑梗死组显著高于对照组[68％（58／85），（9％，4／44），X^2=40．628，P〈0．01]，其中空腹血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平高于正常35例（41％，35／85），负荷后血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平高于正常23例（27％，23／85）。③脑梗死组与对照组血清叶酸、维生素B12水平：脑梗死组显著低于对照组[（5.73&;#177;2.52），（7．14＋2．20）μg/L；（473．47&;#177;190．19），（576．70&;#177;212．05）ng／L，（t=3．151，2．809，P〈0．01）]。④血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平与相关危险因素的单因素分析：空腹及负荷后血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平与性别、叶酸及维生素B12均具有显著性相关（r=0．306-0．488，P〈0．01），而与其他危险因素及神经功能缺损评分无相关性（r=0．021-0．173，P〉0．05），仅空腹血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平与空腹血糖水平呈显著正相关（r=0．186，P〈0．05）。结论：高同型半胱氨酸血症是中青年脑梗死的一个独立的危险因素，而蛋氨酸负荷试验是发现隐匿性高同型半胱氨酸血症必要手段，叶酸与维生素B12缺乏是引起高同型半胱氨酸血症间接导致脑梗死的重要营养因素。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸及维生素B12联合检测在治疗脑梗死患者中的临床应用

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸及维生素B12与脑梗死的关系以及应用叶酸、维生素B12干预治疗对于高同型半胱氨酸血症脑梗死患者体内血清同型半胱氨酸水平的影响.方法 选择急性脑梗死患者135例作为病例组,70例健康体检者作为对照组.对病例组及对照组分别空腹抽血测定血浆叶酸、维生素B12及同型半胱氨酸,对于高同型半胱氨酸的脑梗死患者进行补充叶酸和维生素B12治疗,1个月后复查血清同型半胱氨酸水平.结果 在病例组中,高同型半胱氨酸患者占63%,明显高于对照组14%(P<0.01);病例组患者中同型半胱氨酸平均水平(20.42±6.39)μmol/L,显著高于对照组中同型半胱氨酸[(8.78±3.88)μmol/L]平均水平,血浆叶酸水平为(7.42±4.36)ng/mL,显著低于对照组[(13.45±3.25)ng/mL,P<0.01],维生素B12水平为(324.56±167.85)pg/mL,显著低于对照组[(488.44±255.75)pg/mL,P<0.01];高同型半胱氨酸血症脑梗死患者中高同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸及维生素B12水平呈负相关(r=-0.345、r=-0.587);对病例组中高同型半胱氨酸水平患者补充叶酸及维生素B12治疗1个月后同型半胱氨酸水平较之前有显著降低.结论 脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平高于对照组,叶酸和维生素B12水平低于对照组,补充叶酸和维生素B12可有效降低高同型半胱氨酸脑梗死患者体内血清同型半胱氨酸水平,对预防和治疗脑梗死具有重要意义.     

同型半胱氨酸与脑梗死大小的相关性研究

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死及其不同亚型之间的关系。方法选取105 例脑梗死患者,参照TOAST标准分为大梗死(56例)和小梗死(49例)2个亚组。对照组为健康体检者50名。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定空腹血浆总同型半胱氨酸水平。结果脑梗死组血浆同型半胱氨酸水平为(24. 85±24. 56)μmol/L,高于对照组(16 .18±6. 97)μmol/L(P<0. 05);大梗死组血浆同型半胱氨酸水平为(30 .46±31. 16)μmol/L,高于小梗死组(18 .43±10. 73)μmol/L和对照组(均P<0. 05);小梗死组和对照组之间无显著性差异。结论大梗死组血浆同型半胱氨酸水平升高,提示同型半胱氨酸水平升高是动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死的独立危险因素。     

叶酸、维生素B12及血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血管性痴呆的关系

目的:探讨叶酸、维生素B12及血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与血管性痴呆(vasculardementia,VD)的关系。方法:应用高效液相色谱仪和电化学检测法测定37例VD患者的血浆总Hcy水平,并与40例正常同龄对照组及40例非痴呆脑梗死组比较,运用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性技术检测N5,N10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase,MTH-FR)基因多态性,同时测定血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平。结果:VD患者血浆总Hcy水平犤(28.79±6.48)μmol/L犦显著高于非痴呆脑梗死组犤(25.34±5.36)μmol/L犦(t=2.553,P=0.005);非痴呆脑梗死组患者血浆总Hcy水平显著高于正常同龄对照组犤(19.71±2.82)μmol/L犦(t=16.322,P=0.0001)。MTHFR基因型有3种,即纯合子(T/T)型,杂合子(T/C)型,纯合子(C/C)型。3组基因型和等位基因频率相比差异均无显著性意义。VD组患者血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平明显低于非痴呆脑梗死组(t=2.329,3.275;P=0.026,0.001);非痴呆脑梗死组患者血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平明显低于正常同龄对照组(t=3.302,2.328;P=0.001,0.027)结论:高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是VD发病的一个新的危险因素。     

帕金森病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与多巴丝肼治疗期间叶酸及维生素B6水平的关系

目的观察应用多巴丝肼治疗及体内叶酸和维生素B6水平对加速帕金森病患者痴呆和认知功能障碍的血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的影响.方法选择1998-11/2001-10沈阳市第四人民医院门诊就诊的帕金森病患者15例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组15例.其中治疗组口服多巴丝肼,0.25 g/次,2次/d;对照组口服安坦,2 mg/次,2次/d.两组均服用1年,于治疗前和疗程结束时测定两组患者血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B6的水平,比较组间的差异性,分析患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸和维生素B6水平之间的相关性.结果按实际处理分析,治疗组有2例,对照组有1例脱落,1年后纳入结果分析治疗组为13例,对照组为14例.①两组治疗后情况叶酸水平无显著差异[治疗组(13.2±10.8)pmol/L,对照组(12.8±10.4)pmol/L];治疗组治疗后血浆同型半胱氨酸水平高于对照组[(13.1±5.2)和(8.7±3.3)μmol/L],维生素B6水平低于对照组[(80.2±75.6)和(150.0±89.0)nmol/L],差异均有显著性(t=17.845,12.283;P＜0.001).②治疗组中同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸和维生素B6水平呈负相关(r=-0.68,-0.62;P＜0.05～0.01),对照组各指标之间无相关关系(r=0.48,0.39,P＞0.05).结论多巴丝肼可升高帕金森病患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸水平,其程度与体内维生素B6水平呈负相关,应用多巴丝肼治疗时需要补充更多的维生素B6才能维持正常的血浆同型半胱氨酸水平,以延缓痴呆和认知障碍的发生和进程.     

叶酸联合水溶性维生素治疗高同型半胱氨酸血症1周的反应

目的 观察叶酸联合水溶性维生素治疗高同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,Hcy)血症1周的干预作用.方法 选取血浆Hcy增高患者60例,给予叶酸5 mg,3次/d,水溶性维生素340 mg静脉滴注,1次/d.于治疗前及治疗1周时抽空腹静脉血5 ml,检测血浆Hcy.结果 治疗组血浆Hcy水平治疗前为(35.03±6.86) μmol/L,治疗后(25.57±5.14) μmol/L,治疗前后Hcy水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 叶酸联合水溶性维生素治疗高同型半胱氨酸血症一周,Hcy水平有下降趋势,但治疗效果不明显.     

脑梗死患者血浆同型半胱氨酸检测的临床意义

目的探讨脑梗死与血浆同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平的关系。方法对120例脑梗死患者测定血浆HCY、叶酸、维生素B12等指标。并与60例健康对照者相比较。结果脑梗死组的血浆HCY水平和甘油三酯明显高于对照组，而叶酸及维生素B12水平则低于对照组（均P〈0．01）；脑梗死与HCY水平之间存在危险性的水平梯度，当HCY〉15μmol／L时，发生脑梗死的危险性为正常人的5．909倍，而HCY≥20μmol／L时，患者发生脑梗死的危险性为正常人的10．545倍；各项监测指标的相对危险性显示。与脑梗死有关的因素分别为HCY、叶酸、维生索B12、甘油三酯和收缩压、舒张压。条件Logistic回归模型检验发现HCY、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和收缩压为脑梗死的独立致病因素；脑梗死组和对照组血浆HCY水平与血叶酸潍生素B12水平均呈显著负相关性。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症是脑梗死的独立致病因素。导致高同型半胱氨酸血症的原因可能是血浆内叶酸和维生素B12的降低。     

类风湿关节炎患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与甲氨蝶呤和叶酸的作用效果

目的:比较类风湿关节炎患者与健康者同型半胱氨酸水平,观察甲氨蝶呤及叶酸治疗对类风湿关节炎患者同型半胱氨酸水平和风湿性关节炎严重程度的影响。方法:①选择2002-03/2003-12在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院风湿免疫科住院的类风湿关节炎患者63例。均签署知情同意书。随机将63例类风湿关节炎患者分为2组:安慰剂对照组31例,叶酸治疗组32例。同期选择本院健康体检者40人为健康对照组。②两组均给予甲氨蝶呤治疗,10～20mg/次,1次/周。叶酸治疗组另外服用小剂量叶酸片,2.5mg/d,治疗3个月。安慰剂对照组患者另外服用安慰剂(淀粉制作),服用剂量及治疗时间同叶酸治疗组。③应用高效液相微柱层析法测定血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度。④采用疾病活动度积分作为治疗前后风湿性关节炎严重程度判定标准。结果:安慰剂对照组有2例失访,叶酸治疗组有2例出现无法耐受的胃肠道副反应停用甲氨蝶呤,1例失去随访,最终进入结果分析的类风湿关节炎患者58例,健康者40人。①血浆同型半胱氨酸水平:治疗前类风湿关节炎患者明显高于健康对照组犤(18.09±12.15),(13.24±5.72)μmol/L,P<0.05犦。安慰剂对照组治疗后明显高于治疗前犤(22.04±11.90),(17.45±15.9)μmol/L,P<0.05犦;叶酸治疗组治疗前后相近犤(18.44±12.51),(16.21±8.34)μmol/L,P>0.05犦。②疾病活动度积分:安慰剂对照组治疗后明显低于治疗前(4.18±0.63,5.76±0.92,P<0.01);叶酸治疗组治疗后明显低于治疗前(4.04±0.61,5.67±0.89,P<0.01);两组治疗后下降幅度相近。说明叶酸对甲氨蝶呤疗效无影响。结论:①类风湿关节炎患者普遍存在着高同型半胱氨酸血症,甲氨蝶呤的治疗会引起同型半胱氨酸的进一步增高。②小剂量(2.5mg/d)的叶酸补充能有效地降低甲氨蝶呤引起的高血浆同型半胱氨酸水平,而且不影响甲氨蝶呤的疗效。     

脑卒中与血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的关系

背景：很多研究表明高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是导致脑卒中发病的独立危险因素。目的：探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症与脑梗死和脑出血发生之间的关系，并分析可能影响同型半胱氨酸水平的相关因素。设计：病例-对照实验。单位：浙江大学医学院附属第二医院神经内科。对象：选择2003—01/11在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院的住院患者57例，其中脑卒中57例（脑出血组21例，脑梗死组36例），并以同期到本院作体检的健康人28例作为对照组。方法：所有被试者均晨起空腹抽取静脉血2mL，测定血浆同型半胱氨酸、维生素B12、叶酸、肌酐等含量，并对所有患者进行临床神经功能缺损程度评分，脑出血组患者根据CT摄片计算出每例患者的血肿体积。主要观察指标：①各组被试者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平。②血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸，维生素B12，临床神经功能缺损程度评分及血肿体积的相关性。结果：57例脑卒中患者和28例健康者全部进入结果分析。①脑梗死组、脑出血组男性和女性同型半胱氨酸的水平均高于同性别对照组[（25．2&;#177;21．4），（18．3&;#177;10．9），（11．5&;#177;2．9）μmol/L：（22．8&;#177;18．9），（14．7&;#177;7．4），（10．8&;#177;2．6）μmol/L，P〈0．05～0．01]。脑梗死组和脑出血组基本接近（P〉0．05）。②脑梗死组、脑出血组患者同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸水平呈极显著负相关（r=-0．442，-0．531，P〈0．05），与维生素B12,水平无显著相关性（r=-0．086，-0．111，P〉0．05）。脑梗死组同型半胱氨酸水平与临床神经功能缺损程度评分无显著相关性（r=-0．139，P〉0．05），脑出血组同型半胱氨酸水平与临床神经功能缺损程度评分和血肿体积无显著相关性（r=0．225，0．425，P〉0．05）。结论：高同型半胱氨酸血症是脑梗死和脑出血的危险因素。血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸水平呈负相关，与维生素B12、临床神经功能缺损程度评分、血肿体积无显著相关。     

新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族人群血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与冠心病的关系

背景冠心病的主要独立危险因素包括性别、吸烟、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和老年等,但仅约50%的冠心病患者存在这些传统的危险因素,确立冠心病其他危险因素的必要性显得越来越突出。目的研究新疆地区维吾尔族、汉族血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平与冠心病的关系,探讨同型半胱氨酸在不同民族冠心病发病中的地位。设计以诊断为依据的病例对照研究。地点、对象和方法收集2001-10/2002-01新疆医科大学第一附属医院心内科住院并行冠状动脉造影术的110例患者,按冠状动脉造影结果分为冠状动脉狭窄组(n=74)与冠状动脉正常组(n=36),并用高效液相色谱法测定血浆同型半胱氨酸水平。结果冠状动脉狭窄组血浆Hcy水平(μmol/L)明显高于冠状动脉正常组(17.40±10.95和11.78±4.56;t=3.79,P<0.05),冠状动脉狭窄组中高Hcy血症占41%,高于冠状动脉正常组(14%),差异有显著性意义(χ2=6.75,P<0.01)。冠状动脉狭窄组汉族血浆Hcy水平(μmol/L)显著高于冠状动脉正常组汉族(18.40±11.86和12.36±5.17;q=3.65,P<0.05),冠状动脉狭窄组和冠状动脉正常组维吾尔族之间差异无显著性意义(q=1.34,P>0.05)。结论新疆地区冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平明显升高,高同型半胱氨酸血症所占比例较大,而同型半胱氨酸对新疆地区冠心病患     

血浆正五聚蛋白3水平及总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系

目的 研究血浆正五聚蛋白3(PTX-3)和总胆固醇(TC)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系.方法 采集并分析2008年7月至2009年12月在中南大学湘雅二医院心内科住院的择期行冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者87例,据冠状动脉造影结果,将患者分为2组:次全闭塞组和非次全闭塞组,所有患者入院第2天清晨空腹取静脉血测定PTX-3和血脂水平,并进行统计分析.结果 次全闭塞组冠心病患者的PTX-3浓度显著低于非次全闭塞组[(4.6±1.6)μg/L比(5.9±2.0)μg/L,t=-3.380,P＜0.05)];TC/HDL-C比值显著高于非次全闭塞组(4.9±1.1比4.1±1.2,t=3.107,P＜0.05).校正性别、老年、糖尿病、高血压等混杂因素后PTX-3＜5μg/L(OR=4.471,95%CI1.516～13.189,P＜0.01)及TC/HDL-C比值≥4(OR=5.087,95%CI:1.676～15.440,P＜0.01)冠心病患者冠状动脉易发生次全闭塞.结论 在冠心病患者中,血浆低水平PTX-3和高水平T℃/HDL-C比值可能与冠状动脉狭窄程度相关.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the impact of plasma pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) together with total cholesterol( TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on severity of coronary artery stenosis. Methods Eighty seven cases from Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2008 to December 2009, accepted elective coronary angiography, were enrolled into the study and divided into two groups according to the results of coronary angiography: subtotal occlusion group and nonsubtotal occlusion group. All patients were hospitalized and fasting venous blood were extracted on the next morning for PTX-3 and lipids level measurement. The data were statistically analyzed. Results The PTX-3levels in patients with subtotal occlusion group were significantly lower than those in nonsubtotal occlusion group [ (4. 6 ± 1.6) μg/L vs. (5.9 ± 2. 0) μg/L, t = -3. 380, P ＜ 0. 05) ]; TC/HDL-C levels in patients with subtotal occlusion group were significantly increased when compared with those in nonsubtotal occlusion group (4. 9 ±1.1 vs. 4. 1 ± 1.2, t = 3. 107 ,P ＜ 0. 05). After adjusting for sex, age, diabetes, hypertension, and so confounding factors, the patients with PTX-3 ＜ 5 μg/L(OR = 4. 471,95 % CI 1.516 - 13. 189, P ＜ 0. 01) and TC / HDL-C ratio ≥4 (OR = 5.087,95% CI 1.676 - 15.440, P ＜0.01) were prone to become subtotal coronary occlusion. Conclusion Low plasma PTX-3 level and increased ratio of TC and HDL-C may be related with the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease.     

脑卒中类型、病变程度与血清同型半胱氨酸水平的相关性

背景越来越多的研究表明高同型巯乙胺酸(homocysteine,Hcy)是脑血管病的一个独立危险因素,控制Hcy水平对脑血管病发病率、复发率的影响是目前研究的焦点.目的研究不同类型脑卒中血清Hcy水平与常见危险因素的关系.设计病例对照研究.地点和对象2003-01/2003-06北京京煤集团总医院神经内科住院急性脑血管病患者75例,男64例,女11例,年龄33～80岁,均经头颅CT或MRI确诊.选择同期门诊非心脑血管病36例患者为对照组,男29例,女7例,年龄30～70岁.干预采用高压液相层析原理测定血清Hcy水平,用全自动生化仪测血脂、血糖.主要观察指标观察组和对照组血清Hcy水平,血糖、血脂水平,患高血压、脑血管病史者比例.结果血清Hcy水平脑卒中组[(18.75±1.8)μmol/L]与对照组[(12.84±2.36)μmol/L]比较(t=2.618,P＜0.05);脑梗死组[(20.59±1.78)μmol/L]与短暂性脑缺血组[(15.6±1.50)μmol/L]比较(t=2.012,P＜0.05);脑梗死组与脑出血组、短暂性脑缺血组与脑出血组间比较(P＞0.05);脑梗死组[(20.59±1.78)μmol/L]与对照组[(12.84±2.36)μmol/L]比较(t=2.872,P＜0.01);大面积(＞ 2 cm2)梗死组[(34.80±2.41)μmol/L]与一般脑梗死组[(18.79±1.62)μmol/L]比较(t=2.463,P＜0.05);有高血压组与无高血压组,高血脂组与血脂正常组,既往有脑血管病史者与无脑血管病者;有糖尿病者与无糖尿病者比较,差异均无显著性意义.结论高Hcy是脑血管病独立危险因素,与高血压、高血脂、糖尿病关系不大,在不同类型脑血管病中,与脑梗死关系密切,Hcy增高水平可能与梗死程度有关.     

Nutritional and racial determinants of the increase in plasma homocysteine levels after methionine loading

Background: Low circulating plasma levels of total homocysteine (tHcy) are associated with a lower prevalence of coronary heart disease among black people than among white people living in Burkina Faso.Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide a rationale for a possible mechanism for the decrease in plasma tHcy levels among black people compared with white people living in Burkina Faso.Methods: Healthy, black, adult, lifelong inhabitants of Burkina Faso and healthy, white adults born in Italy but living in Burkina Faso ≥5 years were eligible for enrollment. Controlled diets were assigned to all subjects for 2 weeks before the study. After an overnight (12-hour) fast, a methionine-loading test was performed in all subjects. Plasma levels of tHcy, cysteine, glutathione, and cysteinylglycine were measured simultaneously using high-performance liquid chromatography after fasting (baseline) and at either 4 and 8 hours (n = 30) or 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours (n = 4) after methionine loading. During the 12 hours after loading, the clinical conditions and adverse events of subjects were monitored. Results were analyzed using the Student t test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: Seventeen black adults (9 males, 8 females; median age, 21 years) and 17 white adults (8 males, 9 females; median age, 35 years) were enrolled. Mean plasma levels of tHcy, cysteine, and glutathione increased from mean baseline levels more slowly in the black group than in the white group and peaked 8 hours after methionine loading (16.8 ± 3.0 μmol/L, 130.4 ± 25.7 μmol/L, and 68.3 ± 21.2 μmol/L, respectively). In the white group, these levels peaked 4 hours after loading (16.1 ± 4.0 μmol/L, 215.8 ± 18.6 μmol/L, and 38.6 ± 12.4 μmol/L, respectively). Only the mean plasma cysteinylglycine level decreased significantly (from 35.7 ± 11.4 μmol/L to 19.0 ± 6.1 μmol/L; P < 0.01) in the black group after 4 hours. This decrease was followed by an increase after 8 hours (29.6 ± 12.0 μmol/L). In the white group, a less remarkable change in mean cysteinylglycine level was observed, with a peak after 4 hours (16.3 ± 4.3 μmol/L).Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that, in addition to lower plasma tHcy levels, the metabolism of plasma tHcy is different in black people than in white people after methionine loading. This difference may be due to different alimentary habits associated with a reduced dietary availability of methionine. Moreover, the higher plasma levels of glutathione before and after methionine loading appear to occur exclusively in black people compared with whites and correspond with the variation of cysteinylglycine, suggesting that, in addition to nutritional factors, a racial component may contribute to the difference in plasma levels of tHcy. This difference also might explain, in part, the lower prevalence of coronary heart disease in black people living in Burkina Faso compared with that in other populations.     

Cystatin C is an independent predictor of fasting and post-methionine load total homocysteine concentrations among stable renal transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND: An increased prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease events has been reported among stable renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Preliminary studies in a small number of these individuals have shown that serum creatinine and cystatin C, both markers of kidney function and glomerular filtration rate, are independent determinants of fasting tHcy concentrations; however, determinants of tHcy concentrations after a methionine load have not been studied. METHODS: We determined the prevalence of both fasting and 4-h post-methionine load (PML) tHcy concentrations in 78 stable RTRs and compared the role of cystatin C with the role of serum creatinine as determinants of fasting and PML tHcy. RESULTS: Of the 78 RTRs, 21 (26.9%) had fasting and PML tHcy within the respective reference intervals, and 57 (73.1%) had increased plasma tHcy. Of these 57 RTRs, 22 had fasting hyperhomocysteinemia, 9 had PML hyperhomocysteinemia, and 26 had combined hyperhomocysteinemia (both fasting and PML). Unadjusted Pearson correlations showed that fasting plasma tHcy correlated with both cystatin C (r = 0.564; P <0.001) and creatinine (r = 0.519; P <0.001) and that increases in PML tHcy modestly correlated with cystatin (r = 0.205; P = 0.072), but not creatinine (r = 0.057; P = 0.624). General linear regression modeling with stepwise analysis of covariance showed that both cystatin C (partial R = 0.554; P <0.001) and creatinine (partial R = 0.535; P <0.001) were independent predictors of fasting tHcy, but of the two, only cystatin C (partial R = 0.242; P = 0.035) was an independent predictor of increased PML tHcy. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically stable RTRs have an excess prevalence of moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, and additional cases can be detected by methionine loading. Both creatinine and cystatin C are independent predictors of fasting tHcy in these individuals; however, only cystatin C is a determinant of tHcy concentration after a methionine load, probably because cystatin C is a more sensitive marker of glomerular filtration rate than serum creatinine.     

袢利尿剂对慢性心力衰竭患者肾功能的影响

目的 探讨袢利尿剂对慢性心力衰竭患者肾功能的影响.方法 采用病例对照研究方法,分析袢利尿剂应用与肾功能恶化发生有无统计学关联,是否为其发生的独立危险因素.以住院期间任何时间出现的肌酐值较入院时升高≥26.5 μmol/L作为肾功能恶化的标准,分为病例组(肌酐≥26.5umol/L,66例)及对照组(肌酐＜26.5 μmol/L,145例).结果 病例组袢利尿剂总剂量(385.17±49.37)mg明显大于对照组(244.50±34.82)mg(P ＜0.05),但利尿剂量与肾功能恶化的发生无独立相关性(P＞0.05),入院肌酐浓度及心功能分级与肾功能恶化的发生独立相关,OR值分别为2.248(95％CI:1.088 ～4.647)和2.485(95％ CI:1.385～4.459)(P均＜0.05).结论 袢利尿剂应用与肾功能恶化的发生无独立相关性,入院肌酐浓度偏高及心功能差为心力衰竭患者住院期间发生肾功能恶化的独立危险因素.     

甲减患者总同型半胱氨酸水平及其相关因素分析

目的：探讨甲减患血浆总同型半胱氨酸（tHcy)的变化及其与叶酸,维生素B12,血清胆固醇的相关关系,方法：应用荧光偏振免疫发光技术测定45例甲减患及48例正常对照tHcy,叶酸,维生素B12水平,应用生化技术测定血清总胆固醇;同一参数在甲减组与对照组间进行t 检验,tHcy 与各参数间的关系采用Spearman等级相关,结果：甲减组tHcy及血清胆固醇显高于对照组;甲减组叶酸及维生素B12显代于对照组,甲减患tHcy与叶酸,维生素B12分别呈显负相关,与胆固醇呈正相关,但无统计学意义。结论：甲减患tHcy和胆固醇升高可加速其动脉硬化的发生及发展,加速冠心病的进程,补充叶酸及维生素B12治疗有望在一定程度上降低tHcy的水平,从而降低甲减患冠心病的发生率。     

血清1- 硬脂酰-sn- 甘油-3- 磷酰胆碱水平检测对妊娠期糖尿病的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清1- 硬脂酰-sn- 甘油-3- 磷酰胆碱(1-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine, LPC18:0)水平检测对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)的诊断价值。方法 选择2020 年5 ～ 12 月在枣庄市妇幼保健院进行产前检查的孕妇60 例为研究对象,根据口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT) 测定结果将妊娠妇女分为GDM 孕妇(观察组)30 例和糖耐量正常孕妇(对照组)30 例。利用液相色谱- 串联质谱(liquidchromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS)的代谢组学技术检测两组孕妇血清 LPC18:0 表达水平,分析GDM 孕妇血清LPC18:0 水平与临床、糖脂指标的相关性,利用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristiccurve,ROC)评价血清中LPC18:0 诊断GDM 的价值。结果 观察组LPC 18:0[100.42(76.80,142.08)μg/ml]、总胆固醇(TC)(3.52 ± 0.51 mmol/L )、空腹血糖(FPG)(5.31 ± 2.12 mmol/L )、低密度脂蛋白- 胆固醇(LDL-C)(3.81± 0.98 mmol/L)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)(16.65 ± 6.78μIU/ml)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)(3.32 ± 1.08)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)(5.61 %± 0.31 %)水平均高于对照组［30.88(22.08,40.60) μg/ml,3.12 ± 0.68 mmol/L,5.01 ± 1.47 mmol/L,3.42 ± 0.52 mmol/L, 10.98 ± 4.89 μIU/ml,2.27 ± 0.99 ,5.01 %± 0.50 %］,差异有统计学意义(z=-5.28,t=2.48 2.83,3.01,3.43,4.43,5.34,均P ＜ 0.05)。观察组和对照组孕妇三酰甘油(TG)(2.11 ± 0.47mmol/L vs 1.91 ± 0.82 mmol/L),高密度脂蛋白- 胆固醇(HDL-C)(1.98 ± 0.38 mmol/L vs 2.01 ± 0.56 mmol/L)水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=0.66,-0.67,均P ＞ 0. 05)。GDM 孕妇血清LPC18:0 水平与孕妇年龄、孕前体重指数,TG,HDL-C,HbA1c 水平无相关性(r=-0.14 ~ 0.17,均P ＞ 0.05),与FPG,TC,LDL-C 水平呈正相关(r=0.28,0.41,0.46,均P ＜ 0.05),与FINS,HOMA-IR 呈负相关(r= -0.33,-0.51,均P ＜ 0.05)。ROC 曲线分析结果显示,区别诊断GDM孕妇及正常孕妇时,血清LPC18:0 的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)为 0.988(95%CI: 0.964 ～ 1.000),当最佳临界值62.25 μg/ml 时,特异度和灵敏度分别为95% 和90%。结论 利用LC-MS/MS 方法检测GDM 孕妇血清LPC18:0 水平较正常孕妇明显升高,血清LPC18:0 水平检测对GDM 有一定的诊断价值。     

2型糖尿病患者血清Vaspin水平的变化及其临床意义

目的 检测正常糖调节和新诊断的2型糖尿病的血清Vaspin水平,并探讨Vaspin与体重指数(BMI),年龄,性别,糖、脂代谢及胰岛素敏感性的相关性.方法 采用ELISA检测66例2型糖尿病患者(DM组)及48名正常人(对照组)的空腹血清Vaspin,测定受试者的BMI、腰臀比(WHR)、脂肪百分比;同时检测血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)、血脂和胰岛素水平.结果 (1)DM组血清Vaspin:非肥胖者为(0.65±0.13)μg/L,肥胖者为(1.13±0.25)μg/L;对照组血清Vaspin:非肥胖者为(0.38±0.18)μg/L,肥胖者为(0.95±0.11)μg/L.2组肥胖者血清Vaspin水平均高于同组非肥胖者(P均＜0.01).(2)DM组男性血清Vaspin水平为(0.76±0.22)μg/L,女性为(0.92±0.35)μg/L.对照组男性血清Vaspin水平为(0.48±0.14)μg/L,女性为(1.05±0.21)μg/L.2组血清Vaspin水平女性均高于男性(P均＜0.01).(3)直线相关分析发现,血清Vaspin浓度与BMI、WHR、脂肪百分比、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)相关(r分别为0.365、0.214、0.238、0.183,0.147,P均＜0.05).用多元逐步回归分析发现性别(R2=0.161,P＜0.01)、ISI(R2=0.183,P＜0.01)、WHR(R2=0.216,P＜0.01)为血清Vaspin的独立相关因素.结论 肥胖者的血清Vaspin水平显著升高,且与WHR、性别、ISI呈独立相关.推测Vaspin可能参与构成胰岛素抵抗综合征的病理生理基础.

Abstract：

Objective To detect serum Vaspin level in subjects with normal glucose regulation(NGR)and newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ,and to investigate the association between serum Vaspin and body mass index (BMI), age, gender, glycometabolism and lipemetabolism and insulin sensitivity index. Methods The fasting serum levels of Vaspin were measured in 48 normal controls and 66 T2DM patients using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ). BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and % body fat were measured,as well as fasting blood glucose (FBG), HBA1C, lipids and insulin levels. Results The fast serum Vaspin concentrations in the obese T2DM patients was ( 1.13 ±0. 25 ) μg/L,which were significantly higher than that in the non-obese T2DM patients (0. 65 ± 0. 13 ) μg/L (P ＜ 0. 01 ). In the NGR group, the fast serum Vaspin concentrations in the obese was (0. 95 ± 0. 11 ) μg/L, which were significantly higher than that in the non-obese (0. 38 ± 0. 18) μg/L( P ＜ 0. 01 ). In the T2DM group, serum Vaspin concentration in females ( [0. 92 ± 0. 35]μg/L) was higher than in males ([0.76 ± 0. 22] μg/L) (P ＜ 0.01 ). In the NGR group, serum Vaspin concentration in females was also higher than that in males ( [1.05 ± 0. 21] μg/L vs [0. 48 ± 0. 14] μg/L) )(P＜0. 01 ). Serum Vaspin level was positively correlated with BMI,WHR,% Body Fat,fasting insulin(FINS)and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) (r = 0. 365,0. 214,0. 238,0. 183 and 0. 147, respectively, Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that gender( R2 = 0. 161, P ＜ 0. 01 ), ISI ( R2 = 0. 183, P ＜ 0. 01 )and WHR( R2 = 0. 216, P ＜ 0. 01 ) were independent variables associated with Vaspin. Conclusion Serum vaspin level significantly increases in subjects with obesity, and independently associated with gender, ISI,WHR. These findings suggest that serum Vaspin may be involved in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance syndrome.