唾液诊断研究进展

唾液是人体重要体液之一,其功能广泛,成分复杂。唾液成分相对稳定,但同时也受全身各种因素和状态的影响,其中某些特殊成分,比如微生物、抗体、酶以及药物等均可作为疾病诊断、疗效判断、药物监测的参考指标,在疾病诊治中具有潜在的应用价值。唾液容易采集、对病人无侵入性,可作为口腔局部和全身系统性疾病诊断的辅助工具。本文就近期唾液应用于临床疾病的辅助诊断方面的进展做一综述。     

唾液SIgA检测及其在部分口腔疾病诊断中的意义

采用改进的单向免疫扩散试验对部分口腔粘膜病、牙周炎、多发性及重度龋病患者唾液中SIgA含量进行了检测。分析不同的采样方法对SIgA检测结果的影响,并与正常成人SIgA含量进行了比较.     

唾液检测在疾病诊断中的意义

１９０１年Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｓ和１９０３年Ｋｉｒｋ首先用检查唾液成分作为诊断疾病的辅助工具。到８０年代越来越多的医学科研工作者认识到唾液是人体的一面镜子,检测唾液是一种容易操作、对病人无损伤的,可诊断许多疾病的辅助工具。目前已知影响唾液腺和唾液的系统性疾...     

唾液分析在牙周病诊断中的应用

唾液非常容易收集，包含自体来源的蛋白，细菌和细菌的产物，在牙周病诊断中有潜在的应用价值。其中来源于龈沟液中的自体衍生的酶和其它炎症介质，是唾液中最有希望作为牙周病诊断的标志，另外，唾液的分析为大规模评价牙周病提供了花费较少的方法。     

唾液SIgA的结构及功能研究

唾液ＳＩｇＡ是唾液中一类重要的抗感染物质,其在口腔粘膜的局部免疫中起主要的防御作用,是口腔抗感染的一道重要的免疫屏障,本文综述唾液ＳＩｇＡ的结构及功能研究概况,旨在加深了解其在口腔疾病之间的相互关系及临床意义。     

流式细胞分析仪检测唾液红细胞及其临床意义的初步研究

目的　对流式细胞仪 (UF 10 0 )检测唾液红细胞 (RBC)的性能作出初步评价。探讨唾液RBC与牙龈炎的相关性。方法　采集混合唾液 ,即刻稀释后用UF 10 0对其中的RBC进行重复性定量测定 ,并进行线性分析。采取随机抽样 ,对健康人和牙龈炎患者各 30例的唾液RBC进行定量测定、统计学处理和分析。结果　唾液RBC浓度 <10 0 0个 / μl时 ,重复性实验的变异系数 (CV)值 <10 % ;在 5 0～ 2 5 0 0个 / μl时平均相关系数 (r)为 0 .99。唾液RBC健康组为 2 3.8± 8.2个 /ul,患者组为 2 0 7.7± 96 .4个 /ul (P <0 .0 1)。结论　UF 10 0用于检测唾液RBC ,精确可信 ,性能良好 ,在牙周疾病诊断和口腔卫生保健中有实用意义。     

唾液细胞外囊泡作为生物标志物诊断口腔疾病的研究进展

唾液与血液相似,含有大量生物学信息,是进行非侵入性诊断的理想体液.细胞外囊泡(EVs)是存在于大多数体液(包括唾液)内的一组细胞来源的纳米级异质囊泡,主要包括外泌体和微囊泡.细胞外囊泡是真核细胞和原核细胞共有的细胞间信号传递的媒介,可以将信号传递至受体细胞,从而介导细胞间通讯和信号传导;同时它在各种生物学功能中起着重要...     

唾液溶菌酶与口腔常见病关系的研究进展

溶菌酶作为一种具有酶特性的阳离子碱性蛋白,主要来源于吞噬细胞.它广泛分布于唾液、泪液、鼻液及组织中,具有抗菌抗炎作用,同时也是机体固有免疫的重要组成部分.本文就唾液溶菌酶水平与口腔常见病的关系作一综述.     

唾液生物标志物在口腔癌筛查中的应用

唾液含有丰富的DNA、RNA、蛋白质、微生物及代谢产物。它作为一种无创、安全的来源,可以替代血液用于疾病的诊断和预后。随着微阵列技术、全基因组测序、全转录组测序等高通量技术的快速发展,研究发现唾液是一个潜在的巨大生物标志物储存库,已有多种疾病特异性唾液标志物被挖掘。本文整合了已报道的有关口腔癌及癌前筛查的唾液生物标志物,探讨了唾液作为该领域生物标志物的优缺点及改进策略,以期为将来口腔癌的早期诊断及治疗提供参考。     

Statherin levels in saliva of patients with precancerous and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity: a preliminary report

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure concentration of human salivary statherin in patients with oral cavity pathologies and salivary gland diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Levels of statherin were analysed with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in following groups of subjects: group A: 24 patients with neoplastic diseases of salivary glands, group B: 13 patients with inflammatory lesions of salivary glands, group C: 13 patients with precancerous and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity excluding salivary gland tumors, group D: 20 healthy volunteers (control group). RESULTS: Our preliminary data indicated a sensible reduction of the statherin level in the saliva of patients with precancerous and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity (group C) compared with the healthy subjects (group D). The statherin levels are not significantly reduced either in the inflammatory (group B) or in the salivary glands tumours (group A), compared with the healthy subjects (group D). CONCLUSION: Statherin could play a protective effect in oral cavity in association with its other functions.     

The distribution of oral mucosal pH values in healthy saliva secretors

OBJECTIVES: To establish the normal range of oral mucosal pH and to correlate these measurements to salivary flow rate in healthy individuals according to age and gender. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Measurements of pH levels using a flat pH meter and salivary secretion rates were established in eight mucosal sites from a total of 50 healthy individuals. RESULTS: The mean pH (+/-s.d.) of all sites was 6.78 +/- 0.04 with significant differences between mean pH values in the palate (7.34 +/- 0.38), the floor of the mouth (6.5 +/- 0.3), the buccal mucosa (6.28 +/- 0.36) and the tongue (6.8 +/- 0.26). A significant correlation was found between age and pH at palatal and tongue sites but no gender effects were noted. CONCLUSIONS: This method is easy and relatively quick to manipulate, and may offer many diagnostic possibilities for oral related diseases and disorders such as oral malodour, mouth breathing, dysgeusia, acidic diet consumption and gastrointestinal disorders affecting the mouth.     

唾液蛋白质糖基化及其与全身和口腔疾病关系的研究进展

蛋白质糖基化是重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰方式之一,通过赋予蛋白质各种结构和功能特征而在生命活动中扮演重要角色。唾液作为一种获取简单且无创的生理物质,包含有来自血清、龈沟液、口咽黏膜分泌物的成分。近年来随着相关研究的深入,人们对唾液的认识被不断更新。研究发现,唾液蛋白质可以作为一些疾病的诊断指标,唾液中蛋白质糖基化修饰也与多种疾病状态密切相关。本文就唾液蛋白质糖基化及其与全身和口腔疾病关系的研究进展作一综述。     

影响牙齿酸蚀症风险性的唾液因素研究进展

唾液是牙齿的外环境。唾液的无机成分、有机成分、缓冲能力及流速流量对酸蚀症风险性都有着重要的影响。了解影响酸蚀症风险性的唾液因素,可对唾液针对性地检测,能够及早发现酸蚀症易感人群, 有助于酸蚀症的早期诊断、早期预防。该文就影响酸蚀症风险性的唾液因素研究进展作一综述。     

Presence of Lactobacillus casei in saliva from children and adults using a new medium

The aim of this study was to devise a medium for cultivation of L. casei and to compare the presence of L. casei in saliva from children and adults. The new medium was produced by omitting the sugars from Rogosa SL agar medium and supplementing this medium with melezitose. Although all tested strains of lactobacilli grew on the new medium, the facultatively homofermentative lactobacilli, L. casei and L. plantarum, could be identified by a typical colonial morphology. L. casei was the most common species of oral lactobacilli in saliva from children and made up a significantly higher proportion of the salivary lactobacillus flora in children than in adults.     

Longitudinal study of stimulated whole saliva in an elderly population

The aim of this investigation, which is part of the longitudinal gerontologic population study in Gothenburg (H-70), was to examine the effect of aging on salivary flow. Three 70-yr-old cohorts, born in 1901/02, 1906/07, and 1911/12, were studied both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Representative subsamples ( n = 931) were followed up to 82 yr in the first and up to 75 yr in the second and third cohorts. Whole saliva secretion was stimulated by paraffin wax chewing for 5 min and all sampling was carried out in the morning after an overnight fast. The mean secretion rate was 1.24 for men and 0.94 ml/min for women at the age of 70 (all cohorts pooled). The percentage values for extremely low secretion rate (<0.2 ml/min) were 2 and 6%, respectively. Neither the crosssectional nor the longitudinal comparison showed any decrease in secretion rate on a group basis either in the age interval 70–82 yr in the first or between 70 and 75 yr in the other two cohorts. However, an increased prevalence of complaints of mouth dryness was found, especially among women. The main conclusion from this study is that there is no decline on a population basis in paraffin-wax-stimulated salivary flow with increasing age.     

Inhibitory effects of whole and parotid saliva on immunomodulators

Based on the presence of cytokines in whole saliva and their association with resistance and susceptibility to infectious disease, the present study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of a large panel of cytokines and chemokines in saliva. Despite the endogenous presence of Th1/Th2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines and several chemokines in whole and parotid saliva of most individuals tested, the detection of known concentrations of several recombinant cytokines and chemokines was inhibited immediately following their addition to each type of saliva. In contrast, purified immunoglobulins were unaffected by either whole or parotid saliva. Further studies revealed that the inhibition of immunoreactivity involved sequestration of the majority of cytokines affected and degradation of chemokines. These results suggest that absolute concentrations of cytokines/chemokines may not be fully detectable in saliva. Therefore, the diagnostic value of any cytokine/chemokine is questionable and should be evaluated independently as such.