高效液相色谱法测定复方甲硝唑擦剂中成分含量分析

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定复方甲硝唑擦剂中氯霉素和甲硝唑含量的方法,以有效控制该制剂质量.方法:以十八烷基硅烷健合硅胶为填充剂,以45550.1的甲醇、水和醋酸为流动相,检测波长为289nm,采用高效液相色谱法测定复方甲硝唑制剂中甲硝唑和氯霉素含量,评价回收率、稳定性、RSD等.结果:甲硝唑和氯霉素的浓度直线范围分别为(39.74～397.4)μg/mL(r=0.99986)和(49.82～498.0)μg/mL(r=0.99990);甲硝唑和氯霉素的平均回收率分别为99.83%和99.42%,RSD分别为0.70%和0.97%.结论:高效液相色谱法适合用于复方甲硝唑制剂质量控制和医院该制剂分析.     

静滴甲硝唑磷酸二钠速发过敏性休克1例

本品是甲硝唑的前体药物,在体内经水解产生甲硝唑而发挥其强大的抗厌氧菌作用,用于厌氧菌所致的各种感染性疾病,不良反应以消化道反应最为常见,致过敏性休克我院尚属首例,现报告如下:     

甲硝唑血药浓度的紫外分光光度测定法

体内血液中甲硝唑的浓度测定常用气相色谱和高效液相色谱法 ,但该法使用仪器昂贵 ,操作不便 ,基层单位使用较少。为了配合临床用药过程中甲硝唑血药浓度的分析 ,我们利用分光光度计 ,建立了一种快捷、简便、灵敏的测定血浆中甲硝唑含量的紫外分光光度分析测定法 ,对测定条件的选择及其应用进行了研究 ,现报道如下。1　药品与仪器1 .1　药品甲硝唑粉 (含量 99.9% ) ,无水乙醇 ,氯仿 ,异丙醇 ,其它试剂均为分析纯配制。1 .2　仪器75 1型紫外可见分光光度计 ,ＰＨＳ -2酸度计 ,高速电动离心机。2　方法与结果2 .1　甲硝唑标准溶液的配制取干燥…     

浮痤乳膏的定性定量检测

消痤乳膏是由甲硝唑、氯霉素、西咪替丁硬脂酸、三乙醇胺、甘油、尼泊金等组成的复方新制剂。笔者对其主药成分进行定性鉴别 ,并用差示双波长紫外分光光度法在 2 78nm和32 2 nm处测定该制剂中甲硝唑和氯霉素的含量 [1 ,2 ]为该制剂生产提供了质量标准。1　材料1.1　甲硝唑 :广西河池市制药厂生产。氯霉素 :广西桂林市制药厂生产。西咪替丁胶囊 :广东台城制药厂生产。无水乙醇、盐酸、氢氧化钠、乙醚为国产分析醇。1.2　紫外分光光度计 :上海分析仪器厂 75 1G。2　鉴别方法2 .1　甲硝唑的鉴别　取本品适量 (约相当于甲硝唑 10 mg)加乙醇 2 m…     

紫外分光光度法测定复方甲硝唑栓的含量

目的 :测定复方甲硝唑栓的含量。方法 :采用差示分光光度法和单波长法 ,不经分离直接测定复方甲硝唑栓中甲硝唑和氯霉素的含量 ,测定波长为 2 78nm和 32 0nm。结果 :甲硝唑的平均回收率为 10 0 .0 3% ,RSD为 0 .85 % (n =5 ) ,氯霉素的平均回收率为 99.6 5 % ,RSD为 0 .5 3% (n =5 )。结论 :该法定量准确 ,快速 ,简便 ,可作为该制剂的含量测定及质量控制     

甲硝唑前体药物脂质体及微量量热法药效学研究

将抗滴虫药物甲硝唑进行疏水性修饰，制成甲硝唑月桂酸酯，将此前体药物载于脂质体中，包封率提高近１０倍。体外抗滴虫试验采用微量量热技术，测定用药后滴虫代谢产生热量改变，确定药物的抗滴虫作用。结果显示脂质体中前体药物最低于游离药物量１／６０，抗滴虫作用却强于后者，证实了前体药物脂质体的优越性，并说明微量量热法在药效学研究中有广泛应用前景。     

甲硝唑葡萄糖注射液中甲硝唑含量测定方法分析

甲硝唑(Metronidazole)已被世界卫生组织选为治疗厌氧菌感染的基本药物,甲硝唑葡萄糖注射液(以下简称甲硝唑G注射液)为其常用剂型之一,用于抗全身厌氧菌感染,临床使用广泛。该制剂质量标准中甲硝唑含量测定的方法有数种,我们选用分光光度法中的3种方法分别检测同一批样品,以便分析异同点,确定准确、简便的含量测定方法。     

甲硝唑前体药物脂质体及微量量热法药效学研究

将抗滴虫药物甲硝唑进行疏水性修饰，制成甲硝唑月桂酸酯，将此前体药物载于脂质体中，包封率提高近１０倍，体外抗滴虫试验采用微量量热技术，测定用药后滴虫代谢产生热量改变，确定药物的抗滴虫作用，结果显示脂体中前体药物量低于游离药物量１／６０，抗滴虫作用却强于后者，证实了前体药物脂质体的优越性，并说明微量量热法在药效学研究中有广泛应用前景。     

甲硝唑含漱剂的稳定性研究

本文观察了甲硝唑含漱剂在稳定性实验中的含量及ｐＨ值变化。结果表明：该制剂的主要成份甲硝唑在上述实验中其含量、ｐＨ值均未发生明显改变。说明该制剂较稳定。     

复方甲硝唑栓中甲硝唑的含量测定

复方甲硝唑阴道栓是本院正在研制的治疗宫颈糜烂的外用药。由于此制剂含铝量很高 ,在弱酸条件下有部分形成氢氧化铝 ,影响栓剂中甲硝唑的溶蚀 ,而且在用紫外分光光度法测定时 ,还影响甲硝唑的吸光度。本文采用 0 .5 mol/ L硫酸环境中 ,于波长 2 70 nm处测甲硝唑的含量 ,回收率达 99.6%。1　资料与方法1.1　仪器与试药 :UV- 75 6型紫外分光光度计 (上海第三分析仪器厂 ) ,甲硝唑和硫酸铝钾对照品 (药检所提供 )均符合药典规定。1.2　实验方法和结果1.2 .1　测定条件的选择 :取甲硝唑适量 ,用 0 .5 mol/ L硫酸溶解制成 10μg/ ml,以 0 .5 mo…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.