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本文报告影像学诊断肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤8例,其中包括选择性肾上腺动脉造影检查,CT和NRI。对其发病情况,临床表现与影像诊断作了分析。本文讨论了各种检查的重要意义,分析了各种检查曲影像表现,并指出选择性动脉造影对诊断的特异性。 相似文献
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本文报告35例肾细胞癌,均做了CT平扫和增强扫描,并经手术、病理证实。本文详细描述了肾细胞癌的CT表现,并总结肾细胞癌的诊断依据,指出CT在肾细胞癌分析中所起的作用及鉴别诊断的要点。 相似文献
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严重创伤病人氧代谢的特点和监测 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文阐述了严重创伤患者氧化谢的特点,即氧耗量增大,机体作功增加,氧供降低,脏器对缺氧反应的多样性以及监测指标的不确定性,本文还介绍了临床上对氧代谢监测的4种方法,即氧分压监测法,Fick法,动脉乳酸测定法和胃肠粘膜的pH值(pHi)的测定法。 相似文献
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近年来,计算机及因特网的迅猛发展,促进了教育模式的重大变革。本文结合核医学教学分析了基于单机、局域网以及因特网的计算机多媒体教学模式的优缺点,现报道如下。 相似文献
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颜红兵 《国外医学:临床放射学分册》1994,17(5):284-286,299
CT是显示脾大小,形态,部位以及脾内病理性改变的一种极好成象方法。证实脾门淋巴结受累或显示局限性脾缺损并结合脾肿大,可以提高CT诊断脾淋巴瘤的准确性,本文描述了脾正常解剖,先天性变异和获得性病变的CT表现,讨论CT诊断脾淋巴瘤的准确性。本文了脾正常解剖,先天性变异和获得性病变的CT表现,讨论了CT在脾检查应用中的价值与限度。 相似文献
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大鼠折肢刺激与氟烷麻醉诱导c-fos基因在中枢的表达 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的旨在了解折肢疼痛信息传递的途径与参与氟烷麻醉作用的中枢部位。方法用SD大鼠16只,制造双后肢折断刺激和氟烷麻醉1小时,应用免疫组织化学法,光镜观察fos蛋白阳性神经元在中枢的分布。结果折肢组在外侧隔核、丘脑室旁核、下丘脑室旁核腹侧部、视上核和脊髓后角等11个核团出现fos蛋白阳性神经元。氟烷吸入麻醉组和折麻组在杏仁核簇、终纹床核、海马Ⅰ区、丘脑中央中核、内外侧缰核、外侧隔核、中视前核、丘脑室旁核、下丘脑室旁核腹侧部、中脑导水管周围灰质和视上核等24个核团出现fos蛋白阳性神经元,主要分布在端脑、间脑和脑干。结论疼痛刺激和氟烷吸入麻醉在中枢存在着部分相同的调控部位 相似文献
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模拟失重对红核神经元超微结构的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的 观察模拟失重对红核神经元超微结构的影响。方法 采用大鼠尾部悬吊法建立模拟失重动物模型,按体重配对原则随机将大鼠分为3组,即模拟失重14d组、21d组和正常对照组,每组6只。在透射电镜下对红核取材标本进行观察并拍照。结果 模拟失重14d组的红核神经元与正常对照组相比,细胞核略有畸型,核仁染色质溶解、边移,局部核膜连续性中断,核膜内折,核质电子密度增加:线粒体增生、肿胀呈球形;失重21d组其退行性改变更为严重。结论 模拟失重可致红核神经元超微结构明显的退行性改变,且随失重时间的延长而加重。 相似文献
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目的:研究腹腔痛觉的中枢传导路。方法:将1%乙酸注入大鼠腹膜腔造成腹痛模型,用免疫组织化学ABC法检查了脑干内FOS阳性神经元的分布。结果:FOS阳性神经元呈双侧分布,主要分布于延髓的孤束核、腹外侧网状核;脑桥的臂旁核、蓝斑核,中脑的导水管周围灰质和中缝背核。结论:上述神经组织均参与腹腔痛觉信息的传递和调控。 相似文献
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目的探讨髓核游离型腰椎间盘突出症的MRI表现及临床价值。资料与方法对经手术病理证实的24例髓核游离型腰椎间盘突出症患者,24例有完整MR平扫检查资料,13例有Gd-DTPA对比剂增强扫描资料。结合临床表现、手术结果回顾性分析该类疾患的MRI表现和特点,并作统计分析。结果 24例游离髓核均位于L4~5、L5~S1及L1~2椎管硬膜外间隙前部,分别为12、11及1例,其中L4~5和L5~S1占95.83%。游离髓核在椎管内向上、下及水平游走分别为7、12和5例,其中髓核向上下游离占79.17%;游离髓核向椎管左后侧、右后侧及正后方游离分别为9、11及4例,其中向左右侧游离占83.33%;游离髓核的信号在T1WI上呈等信号23例,呈略高信号1例。在T2WI、T2TIRM像上11例低于相邻腰椎间盘髓核信号,13例为等信号;游离髓核呈圆形9例、椭圆形12例及条带形3例。增强的13例患者的游离髓核均表现为游离髓核边缘呈轻中度的环状强化12例,1例为明显强化;13例髓核中心均无强化。结论髓核游离型腰椎间盘突出症有较特征的MRI表现,MRI对该类疾患定位精确、诊断准确率高,对临床的手术治疗有着重要的指导价值。 相似文献
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目的 观察CT引导脑内注射入类酪氨酸羟化酶基因腺相关病毒载体(AAV—hTH)对神经细胞的转染能力,以及对帕金森病(PD)猴的治疗效应。方法 经右侧颈内动脉注射1-甲基4-苯基-1,2,3,6一四氢吡啶(MPTP)制作6只偏侧帕金森病恒河猴模型,经CT引导将AAV—hTH注入5只帕金森病猴右侧尾状核内,观测猴模型的行为学改变6个月以上,以高效液相色谱法(HLPC)测定转染后尾状核内多巴胺(DA)及其代谢产物含量,并以免疫组化检测法及逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT—PCR)方法检测酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)基因的表达情况。结果 CT引导定位穿刺有实时操作、定位精确、微创的优点。所有注射AAV—hTH的偏侧PD猴模型术后2周即有帕金森病症状改善,持续6个月以上,其中1只动物阿朴吗啡旋转实验示完全停止了帕金森病旋转现象,其余动物旋转次数较术前减少约42%~70%。实验侧与健侧尾状核区多巴胺及其代谢产物含量比值较未治疗模型增高。免疫组化染色见穿刺针道部位有大量TH阳性细胞;RT—PCR检测到实验侧尾状核区有TH-mRNA存在;而对照侧尾状核区、其他部位脑组织与心、肝、肾组织及未注射模型实验侧尾状核区均未见阳性发现。结论 CT引导立体定向穿刺PD猴尾状核注入AAV—hTH能使TH基因精确地在特定部位有效表达,提高尾状核区DA含量,改善模型猴症状,研究结果提示这是一种有效、安全的治疗PD非人类灵长类动物模型的方法。为临床基因治疗PD的研究提供了实验研究依据。 相似文献
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PURPOSE: To analyse the lethality to mammalian cells of (125)I-decays in DNA, in antipyrine in the whole cell and in oligodeoxynucleotides in the nucleus outside DNA as a function of Auger event-site and number. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Auger events cause both low- and high-linear energy transfer energy depositions including charge neutralization at the daughter nuclide. Microdosimetry allows the expression of absorbed dose to a defined micromass and the number of such events at given sites. Published data were used to relate micromass dose and event number to the dose to reduce survival to 37% of the initial survival (D37). RESULTS: The D37 of (125)I-decays in DNA was 0.1 Gy in terms of absorbed dose to the cell nucleus and about 30 in terms of average decays per nucleus or whole cell. The D37 of (125)I-decays in antipyrine was 1.5 Gy for absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, about 250 in terms of average decays per nucleus and about 2 x 10(3) for average decays per whole cell. (125)I-decays in oligodeoxynucleotides were much less toxic than (125)I-decays in antipyrine by a factor of about 25 in terms of average absorbed dose to the cell nucleus, by a factor or about 40 in terms of average decays per cell nucleus and by a factor of six in terms of average decays per whole cell. CONCLUSION: The unexpected low toxicity of (125)I-decays in nuclear oligodeoxynucleotides outside the DNA in comparison with (125)I-decays in antipyrine in the nucleus or the whole cell demands further attention on the role of oligodeoxynucleotides in altering cellular radiation sensitivity. 相似文献
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高昂 《航空航天医学杂志》2016,(11):1344-1346
目的:分析探讨髓核摘除大小与后路腰椎微创手术临床效果的相关性。方法选取2014年4月~2015年10月收治的83例腰椎间盘突出症患者,所有患者均行腰椎侧后路椎间孔镜髓核摘除术,根据患者术中的髓核摘除量分为甲乙两组,将髓核摘除量≥6立方厘米的患者分为甲组,共40例,将髓核摘除量<6立方厘米的患者分为乙组,共43例。观察比较两组患者的临床病理情况以及行髓核摘除手术后的临床效果。结果两组患者末次随访的腰痛VAS评分、下肢VAS评分和ODI评分等均显著高于相应的术前评分(均P<0.05);并且两组患者的各项评分术前和末次随访相比均无明显差异(均P>0.05)。而根据我院对两组患者术前、术后以及末次随访所记录的椎间隙高度进行统计分析,结果显示两组患者术前、术后以及末次随访等椎间隙高度变化均无明显差异,两组患者的数据比较差异不具有统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论在后路腰椎微创手术中,不需要刻意地追求髓核的摘除量,只需要对退变突出的责任髓核进行摘除以充分缓解对神经根的压迫即可。 相似文献
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目的 研究稳定剪切流动对黏附于血管表面的白细胞及其细胞核变形的影响。方法 用复合液滴模拟黏附于血管表面的白细胞,根据二维计算流体动力学方法求解模型方程。结果 1)外界流场雷诺数是引起细胞变形的重要原因。随着雷诺数的增大,细胞变形也增大;2)细胞核随细胞的变形而发生了变形,但细胞的变形指数总是大于其细胞核,表明细胞核更能耐受剪切流动;3)当雷诺数增大到一定值时,细胞和细胞核都不能进一步变形,变形指数达到峰值;4)压力分布曲线表明。在细胞的下游形成一个高压区,提供促使细胞受力达到平衡的升力,从而阻止了细胞的进一步变形。结论 具有高粘性的细胞核在细胞的变形过程中发挥特殊作用。 相似文献
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Cerebellorubral degeneration after resection of cerebellar dentate nucleus neoplasms: evaluation with MR imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors describe the magnetic resonance (MR) findings in seven patients who developed severe cerebellar symptoms and atrophy of the contralateral red nucleus following removal of unilateral neoplasms in the deep nuclei of the cerebellum. For most patients, pre- and postoperative spin-echo MR images were obtained with long repetition times (TRs) at 1.5 T. The long TR images obtained before surgery demonstrated unilateral masses involving the dentate nucleus. Long TR images obtained after surgical resection of the dentate nucleus showed increased signal intensity in all of seven contralateral red nuclei, three of seven ipsilateral superior cerebellar peduncles, and two of seven contralateral inferior olivary nuclei. Three other patients who underwent surgery for cerebellar neoplasms without resection of the dentate nuclei showed no postoperative brain stem changes on MR images. The authors speculate that the changes in the contralateral red nuclei are due to cerebellorubral degeneration (since well-described neural tracts interconnect the dentate nucleus and the contralateral red nucleus). Injury of the dentate nucleus may result in degeneration of distant neural connections. 相似文献
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Demonstration of the medullary lamellae of the human red nucleus with high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The human red nucleus is not a uniform structure. It is composed of caudally located magnocellular and rostrally located parvicellular subnuclei. In fact, the latter forms the bulk of the human red nucleus and can be subdivided histologically by two medullary lamellae into three parts. Because iron is deposited in the human red nucleus and gradient-echo sequences are more sensitive than spin-echo sequences in the detection of iron, a high-resolution gradient-echo MR sequence was used in this study to determine whether the medullary lamellae of the normal human red nucleus could be detected in vivo. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers (seven men and three women, 27-48 years old) were examined with a high-resolution T2-weighted gradient-echo MR sequence using a 1.9-T MR imager. The scanning parameters were 60/40/15 (TR/TE/excitations) with a flip angle of 20 degrees , a pixel size of 1 x 1 mm, and a slice thickness of 5 mm. RESULTS: The medullary lamellae were depicted in all subjects in three imaging planes: coronal, oblique axial, and oblique sagittal. The signal intensity of the lamellae was consistently higher than that of other parts of the red nucleus on all images. With the lamellae, the parvicellular subnucleus of the human red nucleus can be divided into its subdivisions. CONCLUSION: High-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging is capable of depicting the medullary lamellae of the normal human red nucleus in vivo. 相似文献