RP—HPLC同时测定黄连及酒黄连中3种生物碱的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定黄连及经过不同酒制方式后黄连中生物碱含量的方法.方法:色谱柱为C18柱(4.6 mm×200mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈:0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(28:72),磷酸二氢钾用磷酸调pH为3.0,检测波长为345 nm.结果:在以上色谱条件下,小檗碱、巴马汀、和药根碱分离效果好.结论:方法灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于黄连等含小檗碱型生物碱中药材及制剂的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定黄连止泻丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的:建立黄连止泻丸中盐酸小檗碱的高效液相色谱测定法.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为CenturySIL ODS2(200 mmx4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.033 mol/1磷酸二氢钾(40:60);检测波长为265 mm;流速为1.0 ml/min;柱温为30℃.结果:盐酸小檗碱进样量在0.4～8.0μg,ml范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),盐酸小檗碱平均加样回收率为97.3%,RSD为1.5%(n=5).结论:本方法操作简便、灵敏度高、准确性和重现性好,可作为黄连止泻丸中盐酸小檗碱质量控制的定量分析方法.     

HPLC法测定芩连平胃汤中小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀含量

目的:建立芩连平胃汤中小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的高效液相色谱测定方法。方法:采用Hypersil ODS2 C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.025 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(50∶50,每100 m L中加十二烷基硫酸钠0.1 g,再以磷酸调节p H为4.0),检测波长为345 nm,流速:1.0 m L/min,柱温:25℃。结果:盐酸小檗碱的进样量在0.238~1.428μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9。结论:该测定方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于芩连平胃汤的质量控制。     

HPLC测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱含量

目的:建立戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定法.方法:采用HPLC测定含量,色谱柱为Gemini C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(100 g/L氢氧化钾溶液调pH 5.0,35∶65),检测波长为246 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min;柱温为25℃.结果:盐酸小檗碱分离完全,加样回收率为97.82%,RSD为0.80%.结论:HPLC测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱含量简便、快速而准确.     

反相高效液相法测定二黄消炎片中5种异喹啉类生物碱的含量

目的 建立同时测定二黄消炎片中5种原小檗碱类生物碱(小檗碱、药根碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀)含量的测定方法.方法 采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法测定.色谱柱:YMC-Pack ODS-AM(4.6 mm×250.0 mm,5μm);流动相:以0.1％ (v/v)甲酸水溶液-乙腈流动相梯度洗脱;流速:0.4 mL/min;进样量:10 μL;检测波长:345 nm;柱温:27℃.结果 二黄消炎片中5种生物碱成分的色谱分离行为良好,小檗碱、巴马汀、黄连碱、药根碱及表小檗碱的线性范围分别为1.526 4～5.342 4(r=0.999 9)、0.403 2～1.411 2(r=0.999 6)、0.309 7～1.083 9(r=0.999 8)、0.111 2～0.389 2(r=0.999 8)、0.162 2～0.567 7(r=0.999 6)μg,平均回收率分别为98.69％、98.66％、98.67％、98.67％、98.67％.结论 反相高效液相色谱法可行性高,专属性强,准确性高,重现性好,可作为二黄消炎片质量控制的参考依据之一.     

HPLC法测定二妙胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 建立二妙胶囊中主要活性成分盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法.方法 采用高效液相法.色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2(5μm,250mm×4.6mm),柱温为室温,流动相乙腈-0.1 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(33:67),流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长为345nm.结果 在上述色谱条件下,盐酸小檗碱在4.36～87.2μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.0%,RSD=1.02%.结论 HPLC法简便、准确且快速,可作为二妙胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法.     

阔叶十大功劳总生物碱提取及小檗碱含量测定

目的 建立阔叶十大功劳中总生物碱的提取工艺和小檗碱的含量测定方法.方法 通过正交试验确立提取总生物碱的最佳工艺条件,紫外分光光度法测定总生物碱含量;采用HPLC-UVD法,C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(各含0.1％甲酸)为流动相,流速1 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长345 nm,测定小檗碱的含量.结果 最佳提取工艺为药材质量6倍量的80％乙醇、提取4次、每次2h;小檗碱在36.00～486.00 μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为98.0％,RSD为0.53％.结论 总生物碱的提取工艺回收率较高、稳定且重复性好;所建立的测定小檗碱含量的HPLC法简便、快速,结果准确可靠.     

黄连乌梅药对不同配伍比例的指纹图谱研究

目的:通过对比黄连乌梅药对的HPLC指纹图谱,探讨该药对的配伍原理。方法:以色谱柱:AgilentHC-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);检测波长:230nm;柱温:25℃为色谱条件,流动相:乙腈(A)-0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾0.2%磷酸(B)梯度洗脱;检测波长:230nm;柱温:25℃为色谱条件,建立黄连乌梅药对的指纹图谱。结果:以黄连、乌梅单煎液作为对照,确定了13个共有峰,建立了不同配伍比例的指纹图谱。结论:乌梅与黄连的配伍比例趋近于1时,黄连中的盐酸药根碱、巴马汀、小檗碱溶出率达到最大。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定黄连生药中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定黄连生药中盐酸小檗碱含量的方法.方法 采用Hypesil.ODS2(5 μm,4.6mm×150)色谱柱,以乙腈:水(42:58,含磷酸二氢钾25 mmol/L,十二烷基磺酸钠6.2 mmol/L)为流动相,流速:1.0 ml/min,检测波长:350 nm,柱温为室温.结果 盐酸小檗碱在10.08～201.6 μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 9,加样回收率为99.36%,RSD=1.89%,S/N≥3.结论 本方法简便,快速,精密度高,重现性好,可用于黄连中盐酸小檗碱的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定黄连,黄柏及其中成药中小檗碱型生物碱的含量

用HPLC法分离测定黄连、黄柏及其中成药三妙丸、左金丸、香连丸、木香槟榔丸、金黄散中小檗碱型生物碱—小檗碱、药根碱、巴马亭、黄连碱的含量,考察了提取时间对提取效果的影响。色谱柱:PERKIN-ELMER分析型硅胶柱(250mm×3.9mm,10μm),流动相乙酸乙酯-甲酸-无水乙醇(15:3:2),检测波长UV346nm,流速1ml/min,四种成分的回收率均在98～105%之间,变异系数CV<5%。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.