肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移规律的分析

目的：探讨肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的规律与特点。方法：对358例肺癌行肺切除加淋巴结廓清术，对其中132例N2肺癌病例的281组转移性纵隔淋巴结进行临床病理分析。结果：两组以上N2转移占62.1%，跳跃式转移占12.1%，左侧肺癌N2转移发生率较高的依次为5，7，6组淋巴结，右侧肺癌N2转移发生率较高的依次为4，7，3组淋巴结；瘤体越大N2转移发生率越高，肺癌分化程度越差，N2转移发生率越高，病理类型不同，N2转移发生率分别为，小细胞癌80.0%，腺癌45.1%，大细胞癌33.3%，鳞癌24.0%，结论：对N2肺癌行广泛，全面的纵隔淋巴结清扫是十分必要的。     

肺癌患者淋巴结微转移灶的检测的预后价值

目的：通过免疫组化的方法检测非小细胞肺癌患术后常规病理检查阴性的淋巴结的微转移灶，研究其预后价值。方法：用免疫组化角蛋白(CK)染色的方法检测术后常规病理学检查阴性的淋巴结中的微转移灶，以此研究非小细胞肺癌患淋巴结微转移灶的检出和患生存期的关系。结果：在39例患的90枚阴性淋巴结中22例患(56．4％)的26枚淋巴结(28．89％)检出微转移灶。有无复发转移患的淋巴结微转移率有显性差异(81％vs39％，P=0．02)；有无微转移灶的患的生存期各为32个月和48个月，3年生存率各为35％和75％(P=0．0178)。结论：淋巴结微转移灶的检测可以作为非小细胞肺癌患手术后的一个重要的预后指标。     

肺癌纵隔淋巴结合理廓清范围的临床探讨

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)纵隔淋巴结转移方式。方法：回顾性研究1989年1月—1999年1月，淋巴结廓清术后病理证实的纵隔淋巴结转移(pN2)137例。分析临床病理因素与pN2的关系．应用Logistic回归分析判定纵隔淋巴结CT扫描阴性时(cN0-1)pN2有意义的预测指标；总结不同位置肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的方式。结果：NSCLC无论病理类型和临床状态如何，均有纵隔淋巴结转移发生。纵隔淋巴结增大(cN2)和cT2或cT3腺癌患者转移的发生率较高(65．0％，75．0％)。纵隔淋巴结转移多为区域性(80．9％)，跨区域纵隔淋巴结转移多数伴有隆凸下淋巴结受累。结论：对NSCLC应行纵隔淋巴结廓清，尤其对cN2和cT3、cT3腺癌。多数患者单独廓清区域纵隔淋巴结即可达到目的。建议手术中对肺门和隆凸下淋巴结冰冻病理检查，无转移时可不必廓清非区域纵隔淋巴结。     

肺癌术前常规纵隔淋巴结外科分期的临床价值

背景与目的 探讨肺癌术前常规纵隔淋巴结外科分期的临床价值.方法 76例肺癌患者开胸术前常规行纵隔淋巴结活检,以术后病理为金标准,比对术前胸部CT和纵隔镜对肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断效能.结果 术前胸部CT对纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为68.5%、66.7%、68.4%、84.6%和16.7%.纵隔镜检查术则分别为87.5%、100%、84.2%、100%和60%.结论 肺癌术前常规纵隔镜检查术对纵隔淋巴结分期的优势明显,具有极高的临床实用价值.     

超声内镜诊断肺癌和纵隔淋巴结转移的价值

彩色多普勒超声内镜和超声内镜引导下的针吸活检术是近年来开发的新技术,目前应用于多种肿瘤的诊断和分期.术前了解肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移对于决定是否手术治疗尤为重要.文章就两者对肺癌和纵隔淋巴结转移的诊断和分期的应用价值进行综述.     

Prognostic Impact of Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection in Octogenarians With Lung Cancer: JACS1303

IntroductionThe prognostic significance of mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) in elderly patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This post hoc analysis of a nationwide multicenter cohort study (JACS1303) evaluated the prognostic significance of MLND in octogenarians with NSCLC.Materials and MethodsWe included 622 octogenarians with NSCLC who underwent lobectomy. The median follow-up duration was 41.1 months. We compared survival and perioperative outcomes between patients who did and did not undergo MLND.ResultsIn total, 414 (67%) patients underwent MLND (ND2 group), whereas 208 (33%) did not undergo MLND (ND0-1 group). The disease stage was more advanced in the ND2 group than in the ND0-1 group. Disease-free survival was slightly greater in the ND0-1 group with marginal significance (P= .079). In the matched cohort (N = 228), which mainly consisted of patients with clinical stage I disease (96%), there was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding overall and disease-free survival (P= .908 and P = .916, respectively). Operative time and blood loss were significantly lower in the ND0-1 group than in the ND2 group in the entire cohort (P< .001 and P = .050, respectively) and in the matched cohort (P = .003 and P= .046, respectively).ConclusionBased on a nationwide prospective database, we found limited prognostic impact of MLND, suggesting that MLND can be omitted for octogenarians with early-stage NSCLC.     

肺癌手术治疗中纵隔淋巴结的外科处理

非小细胞肺癌患者纵隔淋巴结的外科切除范围目前仍然存在争议.一些医学中心主张将可疑癌转移的纵隔淋巴结摘除,即纵隔淋巴结采样术,而也有主张实行系统性纵隔淋巴结清扫术.文章综合分析有关肺癌淋巴结切除有效性的研究文献,阐明两种切除方式的优劣.     

Prognostic Significance of the Number of Negative Lymph Nodes in Postoperative Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the number of negative lymph nodes on disease free survival (DFS) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.METHODS A total of 485 patients who underwent surgery for locally advanced gastric cancer (pT3N0-2M0) and had a DFS at least 6 months were enrolled in this retrospective study. The medical records of the patients were reviewed in detail, and the characteristics of the patients and the findings of pathologic examination were analyzed in order to find the potential association with DFS. Subgroup analysis according to pathologic stage was performed. Multivariate analysis using the COX regression method was also conducted in order to identify the independent prognostic factors. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot DFS curves. The DFS rate was compared in each subgroup.RESULTS COX regression analysis showed that the DFS rate of gastric cancer patients with pathologic stage T3N0-2M0 was significantly associated with age, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor location as well as the number of negative lymph nodes. Among patients with stage T3N0M0 disease, who had 1-4 and 5 or more negative lymph nodes, the 2-year DFS rate was 8.3% and 55.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, the 3-year DFS rates of the same group of patients was 0% and 24.9%, respectively (P = 0.025). In the T3N1M0 subgroup, the 2-year DFS rate of patients with 3 or fewer, 4-9, and 10 or more negative lymph nodes was 17.3%, 39.1%, 52.6%, respectively. The 3-year DFS rate in this group was 4.2%, 6.0%, 17.1%, respectively (P < 0.001). In the T3N2M0 subgroup, the 2-year DFS rate of patients with 7 or fewer and 8 or more negative lymph nodes was 11.5% and 35%, respectively. The 3-year DFS rate of the same group of patients with 8 or more negative lymph nodes was also significantly improved (0.8% vs. 5%, respectively; P = 0.015).CONCLUSION For gastric cancer patients with pathologic stage T3N0-2M0, the number of negative lymph nodes is an independent prognostic factor for DFS. The number of negative lymph nodes may reflect the level of regional lymph node dissection or the accuracy of the pathologic staging.     

肺癌淋巴结转移标志物研究进展

肺癌转移是众多患者预后欠佳的基本原因,在肺癌治疗过程中存在局部及远处转移是很常见的临床问题.相当数量的肺癌患者死于转移的相关并发症[1,2].因此可以准确评价肺癌转移的因子是很重要的.而淋巴结作为转移的常见位置,决定着肺癌的分期和预后,目前有许多种研究检测出多种因子与肺癌淋巴结转移很关.以分子生物学方法 检测肺癌淋巴结转移主要分为以下两类,一类为检测肿瘤特异性基因改变,另一类为检测肺癌起源组织的特异性蛋白类标记物,可以在不含此类物质的淋巴结或血液中检测出而对肿瘤的转移做出预示,此文将分别综述如下.     

非小细胞肺癌术前肺门纵隔淋巴结CT检查和术后病理结果比较的研究

目的 :比较非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)患者术前肺门纵隔淋巴结CT检查结果和术中淋巴结情况以及术后病理检查淋巴结转移情况 ,分析探讨CT检查对于诊断肺癌患者肺门纵隔淋巴结转移的价值。方法 :2 0 0 1年 6月 - 2 0 0 3年 5月在我院行手术切除的 86例资料完整的NSCLC患者 ,全部患者均有术前胸部CT、术中肺门纵隔淋巴结描述以及术后病理检查淋巴结转移与否的结果。CT和手术诊断淋巴结异常的标准是 :淋巴结最小径≥ 10mm ,CT检查和术中检查淋巴结异常相一致者定义为敏感性 ,CT发现淋巴结异常而病理报道为淋巴结转移者定义为特异性。结果 :CT检查肺门纵隔淋巴结转移的敏感性和特异性与淋巴结的大小关系密切 ,当淋巴结短径 <10mm时淋巴结的转移率为 16 % (12 77) ;10～19mm时转移率为 4 0 % (5 4 136 ) ;2 0～ 2 9mm时转移率为 75 % (2 7 36 ) ;≥ 30mm时转移率为 6 6。总的敏感性为 6 6 % (16 9 2 5 5 ) ,特异性为 5 1% (131 2 5 5 )。结论 :CT对NSCLC患者肺门纵隔淋巴结转移具有较高的诊断价值 ,尤其淋巴结短径≥ 2 0mm时 ,CT检查的敏感性较高。影响CT准确性的因素有淋巴结大小以及患者是否伴有肿瘤引起的阻塞性肺炎或肺不张     

PN0胃癌淋巴结微转移的检测及其预后意义

目的　评估细胞角蛋白免疫组化染色诊断PN0 胃癌区域淋巴结微转移的临床病理意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学方法 ,用细胞角蛋白 19单抗检测了 3 9例经传统HE染色诊断为无转移 (PN0 )胃癌患者的 3 74个淋巴结。结果　淋巴结微转移率为 3 3 .3 % ( 13 /3 9) ,微转移度为 4.5 % ( 17/3 74) ,微转移与其它临床病理特点无显著相关性 (P >0 .0 5 )。微转移阳性者与阴性者总生存率显著不一致 (P =0 .0 2 73 )。多变量分析表明淋巴结微转移是独立的预后因素。结论　细胞角蛋白 19单抗免疫组化染色方法较常规组织学检查方法敏感性更高 ,提高了淋巴结微转移的检出率和临床分期的准确性。淋巴结微转移对胃癌预后有重要作用     

Number of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes as a Prognostic Factor in PN2 Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single Centre Experience and Review of the Literature

Currently the most important prognostic factor in lung cancer is the stage. In the current lung TNMclassification system, N category is defined exclusively by anatomic nodal location though, in other type of tumours,number of lymph nodes is confirmed to be a fundamental prognostic factor. Therefore we evaluated the numberof mediastinal lymph nodes as a prognostic factor in locally advanced NSCLC after multimodality treatment,observing a significant effect of the number of lymph nodes in terms of OS (p<0.01) and DFS (p<0.001): patientswith a low number of positive mediastinal nodes have a better prognosis.     

63例贲门癌胸腔纵隔淋巴结转移特点分析

目的研究贲门癌胸腔内纵隔淋巴结转移特点。方法采用前瞻性分析2008年6月—2009年10月随机选择63例贲门癌患者进行胸腔内纵隔淋巴结清扫并分析其转移特点。结果63例贲门癌患者腹腔淋巴结转移度、转移率分别为 38.39% 、66.67%。胸腔淋巴结转移度、转移率分别为10.60 %、20.63%。胸腔纵隔淋巴结转移与肿瘤长度、病理分级、浸润深度、肿瘤是否累及食管下段、腹腔淋巴结有关,Logistic回归多因素分析则显示肿瘤是否累及食管下段是主要影响因素。结论贲门癌主要向腹腔、胸腔淋巴结转移,贲门癌淋巴结清扫范围应包括胸腔内纵隔淋巴结与腹腔淋巴结。     

经支气管超声引导针吸活检在肺癌纵隔淋巴结分期的作用

正纵隔淋巴结精确分期对于早期肺癌患者处理和手术路径的选择具有重要意义。目前对于N2期肺癌的外科处理具有争议。临床医师目前比较多的看法是N2期肺癌由于手术治疗总