ALDH1A1在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨ALDH1A1在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及临床意义。方法收集2004年至2008年在中国医科大学附属第一医院乳腺外科病房行根治性手术的158例有完整随访资料的乳腺浸润性导管癌组织石蜡标本,采用免疫组化SP法检测ALDH1A1蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达,分析其与临床病理因素及预后的关系。结果 ALDH1A1主要表达于细胞浆。乳腺癌浸润性导管癌组织中ALDH1A1表达阳性率为56.3%。乳腺癌浸润性导管癌组织中ALDH1A1的表达与年龄、绝经状态、肿瘤大小、临床分期、临床分级无关(P0.05),而与淋巴结转移相关(P=0.009)。ALDH1A1阳性表达患者无病生存时间(DFS)和总生存时间(OS)均短于ALDH1A1阳性表达患者,差异具有有统计学意义(P=0.022和P=0.011)。Cox比例风险回归分析显示ALDH1A1是影响乳腺浸润性导管癌患者预后的危险因素(P=0.025和P=0.014),但不是独立危险因素(P=0.892和P=0.489)。结论 ALDH1A1蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌的发生、发展中起一定作用,与淋巴结转移密切相关,可能是影响乳腺浸润性导管癌预后的重要指标。     

TIMP-3基因甲基化与结直肠癌临床病理的关系

目的：探讨TIMP-3基因甲基化与结直肠癌临床病理指标和转移复发的关系。 方法： 采用巢式甲基化特异性PCR技术（nMSP法）检测100例结直肠癌组织和100例癌旁非癌组织TIMP-3基因甲基化；采用RT-PCR检测100例结直肠癌组织和100例癌旁非癌组织TIMP-3 mRNA的表达。 结果： 肿瘤组织TIMP-3 mRNA的表达阳性率为64%，肿瘤组织TIMP-3 mRNA的表达率明显低于癌旁非癌组织（P＜0.01）；TIMP-3 mRNA的表达率无淋巴结转移组（34/42）高于淋巴结转移组（30/58）（P＜0.01），甲基化阳性率Duke’s C+D期伴淋巴结转移组明显高于Duke’s A+B期不伴淋巴结转移组（P＜0.05）。结肠近端、分化程度差的结直肠癌组织甲基化阳性率明显高于远端直肠和分化程度高者（P＜0.05）。 结论： TIMP-3基因甲基化容易发生在结肠近端、Duke’s C、D期、伴淋巴结转移、细胞分化差和浸润型结直肠癌患者。     

甲状腺乳头状癌中SphK1和CD56表达及其在颈部淋巴结转移中的意义

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC)中SphK1和CD56的表达及其在颈部淋巴结转移中的意义。方法采用免疫组化MaxVision法检测86例PTC组织及癌旁正常甲状腺组织中SphK1和CD56的表达。结果 SphK1在无淋巴结转移和有淋巴结转移的PTC组织中的高表达率分别为70.73%、68.89%,高于癌旁甲状腺组织(20.93%)(P0.05);CD56在无淋巴结转移和有淋巴结转移的PTC组织中高表达率分别为26.83%、33.33%,低于癌旁甲状腺组织(65.12%)(P0.05);SphK1和CD56在有、无淋巴结转移的PTC组织中的表达差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SphK1和CD56在PTC中具有较高的诊断价值,但两者对PTC是否并发颈部淋巴结转移并无明确预测价值。     

乙醛脱氢酶1和雌激素受体在乳腺癌原发灶与复发转移灶之间的表达差异

目的 回顾性分析乙醛脱氢酶1(ALDH1)和雌激素受体(ER)在乳腺癌原发灶和对应复发转移灶之间的表达变化.方法 87例复发转移性乳腺癌,免疫组织化学方法检测复发转移灶及其对应的原发灶中ALDH1和ER的表达差异,利用图像分析软件Image-Pro Plus 6.0(IPP6.0)对免疫组织化学结果进行积分吸光度(IA)值测定,并进行统计学分析;结合临床病理特征进行相关性分析.结果 ALDH1在乳腺癌原发灶的阳性率为28.7％(25例),复发转移灶的表达率为43.7％(38例),复发转移灶的阳性率明显高于原发灶,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).ER在原发灶的阳性率为56.3％,在复发转移灶为32.2％,差异有显著性.复发转移灶与对应原发灶IA值统计分析结果显示,ALDH1的表达量明显升高(P＜0.05),而ER的表达量显著降低(P＜0.01).ALDH1阳性表达与肿块大小(＞2cm)、高组织学分级、淋巴结转移及ER阴性相关.结论 乳腺癌复发转移灶中ALDH1的表达率明显高于原发灶,而ER阳性率要显著低于原发灶.     

甲状腺乳头状癌中EphA7和ANXA1的表达及其意义

目的探讨受体酪氨酸激酶A7(Ephrin A7,Eph A7)和重组人膜联蛋白A1(Annexin A1,ANXA1)在甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)中的表达及其相关性。方法应用免疫组化En Vision两步法检测65例PTC、19例结节性甲状腺肿、19例癌旁甲状腺组织中Eph A7和ANXA1蛋白的表达,并分析二者与PTC临床病理特征的关系。结果 Eph A7和ANXA1在PTC组中的阳性率(64.6%、61.5%)高于结节性甲状腺肿组(26.3%、21.1%)以及癌旁甲状腺组(31.6%、26.3%,P均0.05)。Eph A7蛋白和ANXA1蛋白在PTC伴淋巴结转移组中的表达高于不伴淋巴结转移组(P0.05)。PTC组中ANXA1蛋白表达与患者淋巴结转移和临床分期相关(P均0.05),ANXA1蛋白与患者性别、年龄、部位、肿瘤大小、TG-Ab值和TPO-Ab值无关(P均0.05)。Eph A7蛋白表达与PTC淋巴结转移、临床分期、TG-Ab值和TPO-Ab值相关,与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小和部位无关(P均0.05)。Eph A7与ANXA1表达呈正相关(P0.01)。结论 Eph A7与ANXA1可能参与PTC的发生、发展,促进肿瘤淋巴结转移。     

ALDH1在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究食管鳞状细胞癌组织中乙醛脱氢酶-1（ALDH1）的表达与食管鳞状细胞癌的生物学行为和预后之间的相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学链霉抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法（SP法）分别检测80例术前无放、化疗食管鳞状细胞癌标本的ALDH1表达情况。结果根据Q评分（quick score）,按Q〉120为高表达的标准,80例食管鳞状细胞癌标本中有25例高表达ALDH1,高表达率为31.25%。研究显示ALDH1的表达与食管鳞状细胞癌患者年龄、性别、TNM分期、淋巴结转移均无明显的相关关系（P均〉0.05）,而与食管鳞状细胞癌的组织分化程度有关（P〈0.05）,食管鳞状细胞癌患者中ALDH1高表达组的生存率明显低于低表达组（P〈0.05）。结论食管鳞状细胞癌ALDH1的表达与组织分化程度及患者的预后有密切关系,ALDH1可作为食管鳞状细胞癌预后评价的参考指标。     

EGFR、COX-2及P63蛋白表达与甲状腺乳头状癌侵袭转移的关系

目的　探讨甲状腺乳头状癌 (PTC)中表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)、环氧化酶 2 (COX 2 )和 p6 3蛋白的表达与肿瘤侵袭转移的关系。方法　采用免疫组化S P法检测 6 7例PTC(其中腺内侵袭 4 1例、腺外侵袭 2 6例 ;有淋巴结转移 2 9例、无淋巴结转移 38例 )、3例滤泡癌和 15例甲状腺腺瘤中EGFR、COX 2及 p6 3蛋白的表达。结果　EGFR、COX 2和 p6 3蛋白在PTC组织中的阳性表达率分别为 88 1%、82 1%和 70 2 % ,均显著高于甲状腺腺瘤 (P <0 0 5 ) ;EGFR与COX 2、COX 2与p6 3蛋白在PTC组织中的的表达呈明显正相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;EGFR和COX 2在PTC腺外侵袭组和有淋巴结转移组阳性表达率均明显高于腺内侵袭组和无淋巴结转移组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,p6 3蛋白阳性表达率与淋巴结转移有关 (P <0 0 5 )、与浸润程度无关。结论　EGFR与COX 2在PTC组织中的高表达可能促进肿瘤的侵袭和转移 ,p6 3蛋白在PTC的高表达提示其与PTC的细胞增殖相关     

Axl及配体Gas6在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义

目的 通过检测Axl、Gas6在甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）中的表达, 分析和探讨两者在甲状腺乳头状癌发生、发展中的作用及相关性。方法 采用免疫组织化学法、Western blotting及Real-time PCR法检测Axl、Gas6在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达并分析两者的变化与临床病理特征的关系。结果 与结节性甲状腺肿（NG）及瘤旁正常组织相比,甲状腺乳头状癌组织中Axl、Gas6的mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显升高（P＜0.05）,且蛋白表达量与淋巴结转移、临床病理分期有关,与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小无关。 结论 Axl和 Gas6两者在PTC中的表达量高于结节性甲状腺肿。在PTC中Axl、Gas6的高表达与肿瘤的淋巴结转移和临床病理分期呈正相关,两者在PTC的发生、发展、转移的过程中起重要的作用。     

NPM1在结直肠癌的表达及临床价值

目的 观察核仁磷酸蛋白（NPM1）在结直肠中的表达及其意义.方法 用免疫组化法对50例结直肠癌患者癌组织和癌旁组织中的NPM1表达进行分析.结果 NPM1在结直肠癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织（P ＜0.001）;NPM1表达上调与肿瘤直径、TNM分期、Dukes分期、淋巴结转移及远处转移显著相关,而与患者性别、年龄及结直肠癌分化水平无关（P＞0.05）.结论 NPM1的表达与结直肠癌的发生发展有关.     

肿瘤干细胞标志物LGR5及ALDH1在卵巢癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨肿瘤干细胞标志物含亮氨酸重复序列G-蛋白偶联受体5(1eucine-rich repeat-containing G protein coupled receptor 5,Lgr5)及乙醛脱氢酶1(aldehyde dehydro-genase 1,ALDH1)在卵巢癌中的表达与临床意义.方法 选取2006年5月至2010年1月住院并接受手术治疗的卵巢癌患者140例,选取同期本院因卵巢良性病变行肿物剥除或附件切除的40例患者作为对照,应用免疫组化(S-P)方法检测140例卵巢癌组织(卵巢癌组)、140例卵巢癌癌旁组织(癌旁组)、正常卵巢组织40例(正常组)中的Lgr5及ALDH1蛋白表达,分析其与卵巢癌患者临床病理指标的关系.结果 (1)Lgr5在正常卵巢组织、癌旁组织和卵巢癌中的阳性率(5.0% vs 18.3% vs 95.7%)差异具有统计学意义(P=0.001);ALDH1在正常卵巢组织、癌旁组织和卵巢癌中的阳性率(7.5% vs 15.7% vs 90.0%)差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)Lgr5表达与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期有关(P<0.05).ALDH1表达与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期有关(P<0.05).(3)Lgr5及ALDH1存在正相关性(r=0.3,P<0.05).(4)Lgr5高表达者(+++)和低表达者(+)~(++)5年总生存率分别为51.2%和29.2%(HR=11.637,95%CI:4.351~38.213;P=0.002);ALDH1高表达者(+++)和低表达者(+)~(++)5年总生存率分别为41.3%和35.3%(HR=10.143,95%CI:4.285~33.275;P=0.006)..多因素Cox回归分析显示,Lgr5蛋白(+++)表达(P=0.002)、ALDH1蛋白(+++)表达(P=0.006)、分化程度(P=0.036)、浸润深度(P=0.001)和远处转移(P=0.002)是影响胃癌患者预后的独立因素.结论 Lgr5及ALDH1的增强表达与卵巢癌侵袭性增强有密切关系,其表达可作为判断卵巢癌患者预后的指标.     

COL1A1 and COL1A2 variants in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome phenotypes and COL1-related overlap disorder

Pathogenic variants in COL1A1 and COL1A2 are involved in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and, rarely, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) subtypes and OI-EDS overlap syndromes (OIEDS1 and OIEDS2, respectively). Here we describe a cohort of 34 individuals with likely pathogenic and pathogenic variants in COL1A1 and COL1A2, 15 of whom have potential OIEDS1 (n = 5) or OIEDS2 (n = 10). A predominant OI phenotype and COL1A1 frameshift variants are present in 4/5 cases with potential OIEDS1. On the other hand, 9/10 potential OIEDS2 cases have a predominant EDS phenotype, including four with an initial diagnosis of hypermobile EDS (hEDS). An additional case with a predominant EDS phenotype had a COL1A1 arginine-to-cysteine variant that was originally misclassified as a variant of uncertain significance despite this type of variant being associated with classical EDS with vascular fragility. Vascular/arterial fragility was observed in 4/15 individuals (including one individual with an original diagnosis of hEDS), which underscores the unique clinical surveillance and management needs in these patients. In comparison to previously described OIEDS1/2, we observed differentiating features that should be considered to refine currently proposed criteria for genetic testing in OIEDS, which will be beneficial for diagnosis and management. Additionally, these results highlight the importance of gene-specific knowledge for informed variant classification and point to a potential genetic resolution (COL1A2) for some cases of clinically diagnosed hEDS.     

DETECTION OF A1A2 AND A2AAm1 HETEROZYGOTES AMONG HUMAN A BLOOD GROUP PHENOTYPES

From the variations of α-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases activities with the pH, evidence was obtained for the recognition of A₁A₂ heterozygotes in normal A blood group sera. Besides, unusual transferase properties associated with two A₂ sera from individuals out of A^A_m1 siblings, lead to the identification of the very infrequent A₂A^A_m1 genotypes. These results strongly support the simultaneous coexistence of both A₁ and A₂ transferases in heterozygotes' sera, and bring some new information on the genetical background of the A_m phenotype. The meaning of transferase properties directly determined on whole sera is briefly discussed.     

BPOZ-2 directly binds to eEF1A1 to promote eEF1A1 ubiquitylation and degradation and prevent translation

Bood POZ containing gene type 2 (BPOZ-2), which contains ankyrin repeats, NLS, BTB/POZ domains and LXXLL motifs, is an adaptor protein for the E3 ubiquitin ligase scaffold protein CUL3. We isolated a cDNA encoding eukaryotic elongation factor 1A1 (eEF1A1) as a BPOZ-2 binding protein by screening a human thymus cDNA library using a yeast two-hybrid system. eEF1A1 is essential for translation and is also involved in the 26S proteasome-dependent degradation of misfolded or unfolded proteins. The binding between BPOZ-2 and eEF1A1 was confirmed by pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays in vitro and in vivo , respectively. BPOZ-2 binds to eEF1A1 through the ankyrin repeats and both BTB/POZ domains in BPOZ-2 and Domains I and III in eEF1A1. BPOZ-2 and eEF1A1 over-expressed in HEK 293T cells co-localized as speckles within the cytoplasm. BPOZ-2 promoted eEF1A1 ubiquitylation and degradation, suggesting that eEF1A1 is a substrate of BPOZ-2. BPOZ-2 inhibited GTP binding to eEF1A1 and prevented translation in in vitro translation assay using rabbit reticulocytes.     

Prevalence of uridine glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) mutations in Malay neonates with severe jaundice

A number of genetic risk factors have been implicated in the development of neonatal severe hyperbilirubinaemia. This includes mutations in the uridine glucoronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene which is responsible for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in Gilbert's Syndrome. We studied the prevalence of UGT1A1 gene mutations in a group of Malay neonates to determine whether they are risk factors to severe neonatal jaundice. One hundred and twenty-five Malay neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia were studied. Ninety-eight infants without severe hyperbilirubinaemia were randomly selected from healthy Malay term infants (controls). DNA from EDTA cord blood samples were examined for UGT1A1 mutations nt211G > A and nt247T > C using established Taqman SNP genotyping assays and the UGT1A1*28 variant was detected by the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer. All samples were also screened for common Malay G6PD variants using established techniques. The frequency of UGT1A1 211G > A mutation is significantly higher in the severely hyperbilirubinemic group (13%) than the control group (4%; p = 0.015) and all the positive cases were heterozygous for the mutation. There was no significant difference in the frequency of UGT1A1*28 mutation between the severely hyperbilirubinemic (3.5%) and the control group (0.01%; p = 0.09). None of the neonates in both groups carried the nt247 T > C mutation. The prevalence of G6PD mutation was significantly higher in the severely jaundiced group than control (9% vs 4%; p = 0.04). In conclusion, nt 211 G > A alleles constitute at least 12% of UGT1A1 mutations underlying unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and appears to be a significant independent risk factor associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Malay newborns.     

Detection of A1A2 and A2AAm1 heterozygotes among human A blood group phenotypes.

From the variations of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases activities with the pH, evidence was obtained for the recognition of A1A2 heterozygotes in normal A blood group sera. Besides, unusual transferase properties associated with two A2 sera from individuals out of AAm1 siblings, lead to the identification of the very infrequent A2AAm1 genotypes. These results strongly support the simultaneous coexistence of both A1 and A2 transferases in heterozygotes' sera, and bring some new information on the genetical background of the Am phenotype. The meaning of transferase properties directly determined on whole sera is briefly discussed.