Role of Extracellular Matrix in Acupoint Region in Acupuncture Effect

目的：探讨穴区细胞外基质在针刺信号转导中的作用机制。方法：SD大鼠40只，雌雄各半，随机分为4组，每组10只，以大鼠热辐射甩尾实验的温度变化为观察指标。实验组大鼠“后三里”区注射人工合成的五肽甘氨酰-精氨酰-甘氨酰-天冬酰-酪氨酸（Gly—Arg-Gly-Asp-Tyr,GRGDY）30min后再针刺，以大鼠基础痛阈组、“后三里”区注射0．9％NaCl组及针刺后三里组为对照。结果：GRGDY注射后30min再针刺，大鼠甩尾的温度与针刺组相比未见明显改变。结论：GRGDY未能阻断针刺效应，针刺效应的初始机制可能与细胞外基质与整合素特异性的结合位点RGD无关。     

Clinical Observation of Electroacupuncture in Treating Withdrawal Anxiety in Heroin-dependent Patients

目的：观察电针对海洛因依赖者戒断后焦虑症状的干预作用。方法：60例经脱毒治疗且尿检吗啡阴性的海洛因依赖者，根据随机数字表随机分为2组，针刺组30例，给予电针治疗；对照组30例，不予任何干预治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗1星期、治疗2星期、治疗3星期，用汉密尔顿焦虑量表对患者进行评定。结果：治疗后针刺组在改善海洛因依赖者的焦虑症状方面明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：电针在改善海洛因依赖者的焦虑症状和情绪方面具有优势效应。     

Acupuncture Anesthesia in Vietnam

Ｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔ 3 0 ｙｅａｒｓ(1 969～ 1 999)ｉｎＶｉｅｔｎａｍ ,ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅ 98,0 0 0ｃａｓｅｓｏｆｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｃｏｎ ｄｕｃｔｅｄｕｎｄｅｒａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅａｎｅｓｔｈｅｓｉａ,ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓａｔｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒｙｒａｔｅｏｆ 95 .5 %ａｎｄｔｈｅｕｎｓａｔｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒｙｒａｔｅｏｆ 4.5 % .Ｔｈｅｓｅｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｅｃｔｏｍｙ,ｃｈｏｌｅｃｙｓｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ ,ｇａｓｔｒｅｃｔｏｍｙ ,ｐｎｅｕｍｅｃｔｏｍｙ ,ｉｎ ｇｕｉｎｏｆ…     

The Subscription of Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2008

Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine is sponsored by China Association of Chinese Medicine and in the charge of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It is the serial journal of China Association of Chinese Medicine,[第一段]     

Research Advance in Functional Constipation Treated by Acupuncture in Past Ten Years

Constipation is the most common chronic clinical symptom of the digestive tract, which may trigger or aggravate other diseases. In Western medicine, symptomatic treatments such as purgatives are often adopted; however, these treatments have somewhat side effects and obstinate diarrhea-dependent constipation can develop after long-time use of purgatives. Acupuncture is safe, effective and less harmful in the treatment of constipation. Now the treatment of constipation by acupuncture is reviewed as follows.     

The lignan-rich fractions of Fructus Schisandrae improve insulin sensitivity via the PPAR-γ pathways in in vitro and in vivo studies

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Fructus Schisandrae, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baillon, has been traditionally used as a hypoglycemic agent in Asia and its extracts have been shown to improve insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cell-based assays in previous studies.

Aim of the study

We set out to determine which fractions of Fructus Schisandrae improved peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell-based experiments. The fractions that enhance glucose homeostasis were then tested for their hypoglycemic effects and mechanism was examined.

Materials and methods

The fractions (FS-0, FS-20, FS-40, FS-60, FS-80, FS-100) were made by extracting Fructus Schisandrae with 70% ethanol followed by its fractionation with a XDA column with a different ratio of methanol and water. The insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and PPAR-γ agonistic actions of each fraction were investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was determined in Min6 cells. The fraction(s) that were efficacious (200 mg/kg bw) were orally given to 90% pancreatectomized (Px) diabetic rats for 8 weeks to evaluate insulin sensitivity in euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and insulin secretion at hyperglycemic clamp.

Results

FS-60 contains schizandrin, gomisin A and angeloylgomisin H while FS-80 contains deoxyschizandrin, γ-schizandrin, and gomisin N. A PPAR-γ agonistic action was greater in the ascending order of the control, FS-80 and FS-60 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FS-60 increased the glucose disposal rates of Px rats as much as rosiglitazone during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp while hepatic glucose output at hyperinsulinemic clamped states decreased in the descending order of the control, FS-80, FS-60 with potentiating insulin signaling. At hyperglycemic clamp only FS-60 potentiated first phase insulin secretion in diabetic animals; the second phase was not increased.

Conclusions

FS-60, a lignan-rich fraction, improves glucose homeostasis by increasing glucose disposal rates and enhancing hepatic insulin sensitivity by working as a PPAR-γ agonist in type-2 diabetic rats.     

Autotetraploidy induced in Nianmaohuangqin （Radix Scutellariae viscidulae） with colchicine in vitro

OBJECTIVE： To establish and optimize the propaga- tion of Nianmaohuangqin （Radix Scutellariae Viscid- ulae） and induce and characterize polyploidy of Nianmaohuangqin （Radix Scutellariae Viscidulae）. METHODS： Buds from germinating seed-derived explants were induced by tissue culture. With an or- thogonal test, different concentrations of 6-benzyl- aminopurine （BAP）, indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） and kinetin （KT） were used to determine the optimal concentrations for the propagation of Nianmaohuangqin （Radix Scutellariae Viscidulae）. The differ- ent concentrations of IAA and rooting powder （ABT） were used to induce rooting. A 0.3% w/v col- chicine solution was used to induce polyploidy and the induced buds was identified by root-tip chromosome determination and stomatal apparatus ob- servation. RESULTS： A large number of buds could be in- duced directly from epicotyl and hypocotyl ex- plants on Murashige and Skoog （MS） （Murashige and Skoog 1962） medium supplemented with 1.1-1.3 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L IAA. Root induction and development could be observed within 20 days of inoculation on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L IAA and 0.1 mg/L ABTo Furthermore, 27 lines of autotetraploid individuals were ob- tained with a plantlet chromosome number of 2n= 4x=36. CONCLUSION： Autotetraploid lines could be ob- tained through induction with colchicine in vitro, proving that this method might be used for plant selection and breeding.     

Experience in Application of PBL Teaching Method in the Clinical Teaching of Acupuncture

PBL教学模式与传统的教学方法不同,它强调培养学生自主学习、解决问题的技能和分析、整合的思维能力.在应用PBL教学法过程中,教师的作用应着重体现在如何选择开展的时期、提供题材、激发兴趣、查阅信息及点评总结等方面,既"授人以鱼,又授人以渔".     

最in甜品店中国大饭店美食店

在北京，甜品店并不少，但是既温馨高雅又有优良品质的甜品店其实并不多。在我看来，新近开业的中国大饭店创新美味饮品店——美食店，即属于这百里挑一的一个。可以说，对青睐甜蜜口味的爱好者而言，无疑又增添了一个全新的美味去处。     

Research on Meridians in China

The theory of meridian （it is interpreted as channels and collaterals, or meridian in English）, is an important theoretical kernel of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. TCM holds that meridian is a complicated system with the fourteen meridians as the main part, which distributes over the whole human body. Each meridian belongs to a corresponding viscus interiorly, and winds around the limbs and joints exteriorly. It functions to transport the qi and blood, regulates the balance between Yin and Yang, responses to the changes in the natural world. It is the pathway for transporting qi and blood. Accordingly, it is considered to be the connective, regulative and responsive system of the body. In comparison to the Western medicine and modem biology, it elucidates the vital process and regulation of the function of human body in a totally different way and involves many brilliant theoretical expositions. Therefore, it has been deeply concerned by many researchers in China and abroad. Once the essence of meridian is elucidated, it must vigorously promote the development of TCM as well as the whole medical science and benefit the mankind.     

Future Directions in Acupuncture Research

This talk will explore the thesis that research in acupuncture and other modalities of Traditional East Asian Medicine (TEAM) should be designed to better reflecting its own principles and practice. It may be possible, for example, to develop reliable, quantitative TEAM-based outcome measures based on pulse and tongue diagnoses, and on electrodermal properties of acupoints. Similarly, inclusion criteria and treatment plans should be informed by TEAM-based syndrome differentiations. The i…     

Inhibitory effects of β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo

β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin is one of the most abundant naphthoquinones in the root extracts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. (Boraginaceae), which have been reported to have antitumor effects. This study evaluated the antiproliferative activity of β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the MTT assay showed that β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in both dose- and time-dependent manners with its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50) ) at 48 h being 15.01 ± 0.76 μg/mL. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and Hoechst staining detected the characteristics of cell apoptosis in β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin-treated cells and the apoptotic rates of treated groups were increased in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin could block the cell cycle arrest at G2 phase. Furthermore, β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 but up-regulated that of Bax. The cleaved caspase-3 protein was also detected in treated cells. The experiment in vivo showed that β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin significantly suppressed the growth of H(22) transplantable hepatoma, and induced the activation of caspase-3 determined by immunohistochemistry. The results indicate that β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin has significant antitumor effects on hepatocellular carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo.     

Questions and Answers in Lecture 12

1.Whatistheregulationofthedistributionoftheauricularpoints?Auricularpontsaredistributedontheadricleinacertainpattern.Theadricleisliketheproectionofaninvertedfetuswiththeheaddownwardandthebuttockupward.Generallyspeaking,thepointslocatedonthelobearerelatedtotheheadandfacialregion,thoseonthescaphatotheupperlimb,thoseontheantihelixanditstwocruratothetrunkandfowerlimb,thoseinthecavumconchaeandcymbaconchaetotheinternalorgans.2.Whatisthereactivepointoftheearacupuncture?Thereactivepointreferstothatth…     

Questions and Answers in Lecture 9

1-StatethelocationandclinicalapplicationofHuatuoJiaiipoints.Location:HuatuoJiajipointsareO.5cunlateraltotheposteriormidlinefromT1toL5,bilaterally34points.ClinicalAPplication:HuatuoJiajipointshavewideclinicalindications,includingdiseasesofthejointsofsPinal…     

Application of Acupoint-Injection Anesthesia in Thyroidectomy

Acupoint-injection anesthesia has been adopted in thyroidectomy in our hospital in the past severalyears and satisfactory results have been obtained as reported in the follwing.The patients wererandomly divided into acupoint-injection anesthesia group （group AA）and cervical plexus nerve blockanesthesia group（group CA）.During the operation,blood pressure,heart rate and respiration weremonitored under a multifunctional monitor.     

Electro-acupuncture Reduces Morphine-induced Emesis in Ferrets

Nausea and vomiting (N/V) are common incidences among patients who undergo general anes-thesia for surgical procedures. Clinical studies have shown that acupuncture has an effect on post-oper-ative N/V. However, the evaluation of the effect of acupuncture in post-operative N/V has limita-tions in human studies including ethical considerations. In order to resolve these difficulties, the effica-cy of electro-acupuncture (EA) in reducing morphine-induced emesis in ferrets was studied. Ferrets(n=5) were treated with EA at acupuncture point P 6 either at 1. 0 hz for 5 minutes or 5. 0 Hz for 5     

Questions and Answers in Lecture Four

1.WhatisthedifferenceofthedistributionordersofthethreefootYinmeridiansbelowandabovetheknee?Belowtheknee,Jueyinisinthefront,TaiyinisinthemiddleandShaoyinisattheback.Abovetheknee,Taiyinisinthefront,JueyinisinthemiddleandShaoyinisattheback.2.PleasesummarizetheindicationsofpointSanyinjiao(SP6).Sanyinjiao(SP6)isusedforthefollowingdiseases:indigestion,diarrhea,abdominaldistensionorpain,irregularmenstruation,dysmenorrhea,amenorrhea,uterinebleeding,excessiveleukorrhea,difficultlabour,impotence,se…     

Questions and Answers in Lecture 3

1. Whick are the treatmental principles of acupuncture ?(1) Reinforcing techniques are used for de-ficiency syndromes and reducing techniques areused for excess syndromes.(2) Clearing method is used for heat syn-dromes and warming method is used for coldsyndromes.