后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗Pilon骨折

目的探讨后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗Pilon骨折的手术技巧及临床疗效。方法 2010年3月至2015年1月采用后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开治疗胫骨Pilon骨折10例,其中男9例,女1例;年龄24~56岁,平均36.5岁。左侧7例,右侧3例。伤后至手术时间5h~14d,平均9d。病例均为有较大胫骨远端后侧骨折块的闭合性骨折。按AO/OTA分型,43C1型2例,43C2型8例。软组织损伤按Tscherne分度,0度4例,1度4例,2度2例。行前外侧有限切开复位固定腓骨及前外侧骨折块,再经后内侧入路显露复位螺钉固定后侧及内侧骨折块,经皮内侧锁定板支撑固定胫骨远端。结果切口愈合良好。患者随访12~24个月,平均16.5个月。骨折愈合时间12~20周,平均15.1周。按Mazur踝关节评分系统评价疗效,优6例,良2例,可2例,优良率为80%。结论后内侧手术入路结合前外侧有限切开适用于有较大胫骨远端后侧骨折块的闭合性Pilon骨折。该技术能有效显露并复位固定Pilon骨折的后侧及内侧骨折块,减少术中软组织损伤,保护骨折端血供,术后并发症少,疗效优良。     

解剖型锁定加压接骨板微创治疗Pilon骨折

目的介绍解剖型锁定加压接骨板微创治疗Pilon骨折的方法,并观察其效果。方法采用微创手术治疗Pilon骨折14例,均采用解剖型锁定加压接骨板经皮内固定。结果随访3~12个月,平均8个月。全部创口愈合良好,无骨折延迟愈合和不愈合。按Mazur踝关节症状和功能评分系统进行疗效评定,优11例,良2例,可1例。结论临床疗效与治疗方法密切相关,解剖型锁定加压接骨板微创治疗Pilon骨折可以获得确实可靠的效果。     

Pilon接骨板经皮微创治疗胫骨远端螺旋形骨折

目的 探讨使用Pilon接骨板经皮微创治疗胫骨远端螺旋形骨折的临床疗效.方法 对24例胫骨远端螺旋形骨折采用微创经皮钢板内固定术,内固定材料选用强生公司Pilon接骨板.结果 术后随访12～48个月,骨折均愈合.按Johner-Wruhs标准评价:优17例,良6例,可1例.结论 选用强生Pilon接骨板经皮微创治疗不累...     

经皮微创内外侧解剖锁定板在胫骨远端骨折中的应用

[目的]探讨经皮微创内外侧解剖锁定板固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的手术时机、手术优势和手术要求。[方法]选取43例胫骨远端骨折先行跟骨牵引,二期行经皮微创内或外侧解剖锁定板内固定为治疗组,随机选取同时期切开复位内或外侧解剖锁定板内固定为对照组,分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及术后并发症,术后疗效按Tornetta判断标准进行比较。[结果]两组在手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量及骨折愈合时间、远期功能疗效满意度方面差异均有显著性统计学意义。[结论]经皮微创与切开复位内或外侧解剖锁定板治疗胫骨远端骨折均取得满意的术后疗效,但采用经皮微创闭合复位的方法治疗胫骨远端骨折创伤小、大幅减少医源性软组织损伤和骨血运破坏,减少伤口严重并发症的发生,有利于骨折愈合,有利于早期功能康复。     

前外侧加内侧微创切口双锁定钢板内固定治疗AO-C型Pilon骨折

目的探讨前外侧加内侧微创切口双锁定钢板内固定治疗C型Pilon骨折的疗效。方法自2010-08—2014-06对26例C型Pilon骨折采用前外侧加内侧微创切口双锁定钢板内固定治疗。结果 26例均获得平均14(10~18)个月随访,术后12个月采用Johner-Wruhs方法评定疗效评定:优21例,良5例。结论采用前侧加内侧微创切口双锁定钢板内固定治疗C型Pilon骨折具有固定确切、适合早期功能锻炼、并发症少的优点。     

胫骨远端前外侧L形锁定钢板内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折

目的探讨切开复位胫骨前外侧L形锁定钢板内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折的疗效。方法自2013-03—2014-09采用前外侧入路L形锁定钢板内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折22例,术后观察创面愈合情况、骨折端的感染、骨不连、骨折的畸形、踝关节活动度及疼痛程度,评价手术疗效。结果本组均获得平均10(6~12)个月随访。术后1例切口感染,经创口分泌物细菌培养选择敏感抗生素后获愈,1例手术创面无法一期闭合,经二期植皮创面愈合。其余20例均一期愈合,按Mazur疗效评价标准:优10例,良7例,可4例,差1例。结论采用切开复位胫骨前外侧L形锁定钢板内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折能取得满意的治疗效果。     

胫骨前外侧锁定钢板治疗Pilon骨折疗效分析

【摘要】目的 探讨胫骨前外侧锁定钢板治疗胫骨Pilon骨折的疗效。方法 选择2006年1月~2011年5月收治的31例胫骨Pilon骨折的临床资料,包括男28例,女3例;平均年龄38.9岁。Ruedi-Allgower骨折分型:Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型23例,Ⅲ型6例。根据Tscheme-Gotzen软组织损伤分度:闭合性损伤0度2例,1度16例,2度6例,3度1例;开放性损伤1度4例,2度2例。31例Pilon骨折全部采用胫骨前外侧锁定钢板切开复位内固定治疗。结果 31例均获随访(12~36月,平均20月)。骨愈合时间10~24周,平均14周。Teeny和Wiss术后影像学复位评估,关节面解剖复位率为80.6%;Mazur术后功能评分系统评估,优16例,良10例,可4例,差1例,优良率为83.8%。结论 采用胫骨前外侧锁定钢板治疗Pilon复位理想、固定牢靠,有利于早期功能锻炼。     

石膏临时固定延期切开复位内固定治疗Pilon骨折

目的探讨石膏临时固定延期切开复位内固定治疗Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2015-01—2016-12采用石膏临时固定延期切开复位内固定治疗的14例Pilon骨折,入院时手法牵引简单复位后行踝关节功能位石膏托固定,6~9 d后采用前正中略弧向内侧的弧形切口并L形胫骨远端锁定接骨板内固定。结果本组手术时间120~180 min,平均161 min;术中出血量300~700 ml,平均500 ml。14例均获随访,随访时间平均16.4(12~24)个月。采用Burwell-Charnley放射学标准评价骨折复位质量:解剖复位13例,复位一般1例。骨折愈合时间12~24周,平均15.3周。采用AOFAS评分标准评定踝关节功能:优10例,良4例。结论石膏临时固定延期切开复位内固定治疗Pilon骨折安全可行、疗效满意。     

L型锁定接骨板结合螺钉内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折

目的探讨L型锁定接骨板结合螺钉内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2012年3月至2014年8月株洲市中医伤科医院采用切开复位L型锁定接骨板结合螺钉内固定治疗的39例Ruedi-AllgowerⅢ型Pilon骨折患者的临床资料。结果术后随访时间6~18个月(平均11个月),骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间4.2个月(3~6个月)。随访期间无骨折再移位、关节面塌陷、骨折畸形愈合或不愈合,无内固定松动或断裂,未发生切口感染,仅1例患者术后出现皮肤坏死,经相应处理1个月后伤口愈合。按Mazur踝关节症状和功能评分系统,优20例、良16例、可2例、差1例,优良率达92%(36/39)。结论切开复位L型锁定接骨板结合螺钉内固定治疗Ⅲ型Pilon骨折并发症少,固定牢靠,骨折愈合快,临床效果满意。     

有限切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗Pilon骨折

目的探讨采用胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板有限切开复位治疗Pilon骨折,并对临床疗效进行分析。方法自2011年3月至2012年9月,泽州县人民医院采用胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板有限切开治疗Pilon骨折的患者54例。闭合性骨折47例,开放性骨折7例。根据Ruedi-Allgower分型,Ⅰ型28例,Ⅱ型17例,Ⅲ型9例。合并同侧腓骨骨折37例,骨盆骨折3例,腰椎骨折1例。结果本组病例均获得随访,随访时间6~18个月,平均11.8个月,患者均达到骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为3.8个月(3~9个月)。按照Bourne标准评价,优34例,良15例,差5例,优良率90.7%。结论胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板有限切开治疗Pilon骨折的手术技术创伤较小,必要时配合使用空心钉及链条板可牢固固定骨折块,术后患者功能恢复优良率高,是治疗Pilon骨折较为理想的方法。     

Anatomy of the hepatic hilar area: the plate system

To surgically manage hilar bile duct carcinoma successfully, it is important to be familiar with the principal anatomical variations of the biliary and vascular components of the plate system in the hepatic hilar area, because all the variations in the bile ducts and vessels occur in the plate system. The plate system consists of bile ducts and blood vessels surrounded by a sheath. There are three plates in the hilar area: the hilar plate, the cystic plate, and the umbilical plate. The bile duct and blood vessel branches penetrate the plate system and form Glisson's capsule in all segments of the liver, except for the medial segment. The right hepatic duct is usually (in 53%–72% of individuals) formed by the union of the anterior segmental duct and the posterior segmental duct in the hilar area. However, three other variations have been found in which these segmental ducts do not form the right hepatic duct. Few anatomical variations have been identified in the left hepatic duct, but confusion arises because of the variations in the medial segment ducts (B4) which join the left hepatic duct at different sites. In 35.5% of individuals they join the hepatic duct in the vicinity of the hilar confluence (type I B4 anatomy), and in 64.5% of individuals they join the left hepatic duct some distance away from the confluence (type II B4 anatomy). Because B4 is very close to the hilar confluence in type I, hilar bile duct carcinoma can easily invade B4 and, for that reason, for curative resection of hilar bile duct carcinoma, resection of S4a (the inferior part of the medial segment) should be considered along with the resection of extrahepatic bile duct and caudate lobe. Variations in the portal vein and hepatic artery are found in 16%–26% and 31%–33% of individuals, respectively. Because a considerable number of anatomical variations in the bile ducts and vessels persist in the hilar area, and the reported proportions of the different variations vary, it is necessary to have a good knowledge of the plate system and the variations in the bile ducts and blood vessels in the hilar area to perform safe and curative surgery for hilar bile duct carcinoma. Received: June 3, 2000 / Accepted: July 20, 2000     

Biomechanical comparison of distal femoral fracture fixation: Analysis of non-locked,locked, and far-cortical locked constructs

To assess whether far-cortical locking (FCL) screws alter the fracture site strain environment and allow shorter bridge plate constructs for supracondylar femoral fractures, we tested the fracture site displacement under force of synthetic left femora with a 5-cm metaphyseal fracture gap, modeling comminution. Five models of nine constructs were tested (three types of diaphyseal screws [nonlocking, locking, and FCL] and two plate lengths [13 holes and 5 holes]). Long plate models using three or four diaphyseal screws (working length 13.5 or 7.5 cm, respectively) were compared with short plates with three diaphyseal screws (working length 7.5 cm). Models were loaded axially and torsionally; 100 cycles in random order. Primary outcome measures were axial and torsional fracture site stiffness. FCL screws decreased rotational stiffness 19% (P < .01) compared with baseline nonlocking screws in the same plate and working length construct, mirroring the effect (20% decrease in stiffness, P < .01) of nearly doubling the nonlocking construct working length (7.5-13.5 cm). Similarly, FCL screws decreased axial stiffness 23% (P < .01) in the same baseline comparison. Fracture site displacement under loading comparable to a long working length nonlocked plate construct was achieved using a shorter FCL plate construct. By closely replicating the biomechanical properties of a long plate construct, a fracture site strain environment considered favorable in promoting fracture healing might still be achievable using a shorter plate length. Clinical Significance: It might be possible to optimize fracture site strain environment and displacement under loading using shorter FCL plate constructs. Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 00:00–00, 2020.     

Anterior ankle arthrodesis

Ankle arthrodesis is a common procedure that resolves many conditions of the foot and ankle; however, complications following this procedure are often reported and vary depending on the fixation technique. Various techniques have been described in the attempt to achieve ankle arthrodesis and there is much debate as to the efficiency of each one. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of anterior plating in ankle arthrodesis using customised and Synthes TomoFix plates. We present the outcomes of 28 ankle arthrodeses between 2005 and 2012, specifically examining rate of union, patient-reported outcomes scores, and complications. All 28 patients achieved radiographic union at an average of 36 wk; the majority of patients (92.86%) at or before 16 wk, the exceptions being two patients with Charcot joints who were noted to have bony union at a three year review. Patient-reported outcomes scores significantly increased (P < 0.05). Complications included two delayed unions as previously mentioned, infection, and extended postoperative pain. With multiple points for fixation and coaxial screw entry points, the contoured customised plate offers added compression and provides a rigid fixation for arthrodesis stabilization.     

A new algorithm for primary hypospadias repair based on tip urethroplasty

Background/Purpose: Decision making in hypospadias repair potentially can be simplified by tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty. The authors report management and outcomes in a consecutive series of primary hypospadias repairs in which the intent was to perform TIP.Methods: Records of 106 consecutive boys undergoing hypospadias repair by 1 surgeon were reviewed. Position of the meatus, degree and management of curvature, technical details of the urethroplasty, and postoperative complications were recorded.Results: Curvature was noted in 24 (23%) of patients, but could be corrected with preservation of the urethral plate in all but 3. In another boy, the incised plate was thought “unhealthy” for tubularization. The remaining 102 underwent TIP, of whom, 75 had distal and 27 had proximal hypospadias. Complications, primarily fistulas, occurred in 14 (13%) of these patients. The other 4 boys underwent staged repairs that utilized TIP for the glanular urethra at the second operation.Conclusions: The authors found decision making was no longer determined by meatal location as in the past, but by severity of curvature and appearance of the incised urethral plate. Because severe curvature requiring plate transection or an “unhealthy” incised plate are uncommonly encountered, TIP repair can be performed for most hypospadias operations.     

单侧与双侧钢板内固定治疗A3型股骨远端骨折的比较研究

目的比较单侧钢板(外侧解剖锁定钢板)与双侧钢板(锁定钢板联合重建钢板)治疗A3型股骨远端骨折的疗效。方法自2008-12—2014-12治疗35例A3型股骨远端骨折,按内固定方式不同分为单侧钢板组(16例)和双侧钢板组(19例),比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、骨折愈合时间、末次随访时膝关节活动度、VAS评分及膝关节功能评分。结果 2组获得随访12~36个月,平均21个月。2组手术时间比较差异有统计学意义(t=-4.053,P0.001);2组术中出血量(t=-1.023,P=0.314)、术后引流量(t=-0.359,P=0.722)、骨折愈合时间(t=0.455,P=0.652)、膝关节活动度(t=0.874,P=0.389)、VAS评分(t=0.103,P=0.918)及膝关节功能评分优良率(χ~2=0.036,P=0.982)比较差异均无统计学意义。2组各有2例发生骨折延迟愈合,限制负重后均愈合。结论单侧或双侧钢板内固定治疗A3型股骨远端骨折均能取得较好疗效,但单侧钢板内固定手术时间短,且可以减轻患者经济负担。     

Comparison of the efficacy of a distal clavicular locking plate versus a clavicular hook plate in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures and a systematic literature review

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare and review the clinical outcomes between the distal clavicular locking plate and clavicular hook plates in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures; moreover, the relevant literature of the two fixation methods was reviewed systematically to identify the non-union, complications, or functional scores, according to the treatment methods and determine which treatment method is better.

Methods

Sixty-six patients with 66 unstable distal clavicle fractures who underwent open reduction and internal fixation with either a distal clavicular locking plate (36 patients) or a clavicular hook plate (30 patients ) were evaluated. The main outcome comparisons included Constant score, rate of non-union, rate of complication, and rate of returning to work three months postoperatively.

Results

No significant difference was found between locking plate and hook plate groups in union rate and Constant score (P > 0.05). However, the results indicated that the distal clavicular locking plate group had a significantly lower rate of complications (P < 0.05) and symptomatic hardware (P < 0.05). In addition, the distal clavicular locking plate facilitated the return to work better than the clavicular hook plate (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both distal clavicular locking plate and clavicular hook plate achieved good results in the treatment of unstable distal clavicle fractures; however, internal fixation with a distal clavicular locking plate had greater ability to return to their previous work after surgery in three months and fewer complications than the clavicular hook plate.     

Immunolocalization of the angiogenetic factor pleiotrophin (PTN) in the growth plate of mice

The aim of this study was to find out whether and where the angiogenic agent pleiotrophin (PTN) occurs within the growth plate. We investigated paraffin-embedded tissue sections of ten male mice with an antibody directed against the recombinant PTN. Immunostaining for PTN was positive within the cytoplasm and the pericellular matrix of osteoblasts which lined the longitudinal mineralized septae of the epiphyseal plate. Within the zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes, immunolabelling for PTN was positive in the pericellular matrix of hypertrophic chondrocytes and within the opened lacunae of the apoptotic hypertrophic chondrocytes. The resting zone and the proliferation zone were PTN negative. The results of our study suggest that the known angiogenetic peptide PTN plays a role in the process of angiogenesis in the growth plate. Received: 17 November 1999