胃癌组织中人表皮生长因子含量和临床意义

检测了表皮生长因子（ｈＥＧＦ）在胃癌组织中的含量，初步探讨其临床意义，用放射免疫分析法测定５２例胃癌切除标本和１８例正常胃粘膜组织中ｈＥＧＦ的含量，结果：对照组１．４９±０．９５ｎｇ／ｇ湿重，胃癌组织为４．２９±２．３５ｎｇ／ｇ湿重，差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。在胃癌组织中，ｈＥＧＦ含量进展期高于期，弥漫型高于肠型，淋巴结转移阳性者高于阴性，近期随访发现胃癌患者死亡组的ｈＥＧＦ含量较高。结论，胃癌组     

肝细胞生长因子／扩散因子、转化生长因子-β在结核性胸腔积液中的表达

目的：探讨肝细胞生长因子／扩散因子（ Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ）、转化生长因子β（ Ｔ Ｇ Ｆβ）在结核性胸腔积液（ Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ）中的表达,寻找诊断结核性胸膜炎的特异性标记。方法：用 Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 药盒和生物法测定３２ 例胸腔积液中 Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ和 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆβ水平,并对 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ组中１０ 例病人同时作血清 Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ、 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆβ检测。结果： Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ在 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ中为７．５±７．３ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ,高于非 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ的０．９８±０．８８ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。１０ 例 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ者的胸水和血清 Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ含量分别是１０．９±６．６ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ和１．９±１．７ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０．００２）。 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆβ在 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ中含量为２７．３±１１．１ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ,高于其在血清中的含量３．９±３．３ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０．００１）,也高于对照血清的１．８７±１．０５ ｎｇ／ｍ ｌ（ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。结论：在 Ｔ Ｂ Ｐ Ｅ中存在高水平 Ｈ Ｇ Ｆ／ Ｓ Ｆ、 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆβ。这可能与结核性肉芽肿形成有关,可能在促进胸膜纤维化及组织修复中有重要作用     

86例正常人基础状态下胃液中表皮生长因子浓度的放免测定及其意义

对８６例正常人基础状态下胃液中表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）浓度进行放免测定，旨在获取我国正常人基础状态下胃液中ＥＧＦ的浓度，得出胃液内ＥＧＦ的生理浓度。结果提示：（１）正常人胃液中ＥＧＦ浓度为０．６２±０．１５ｎｇ／ｍｌ；（２）儿童组：０．６１±０．１２ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝２４）、青年组０．６５±０．１４ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝２８）、成人组０．５９±０．１３ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝３４），三组间比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（３）男性０．６１±０．１４ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｎ＝５２）、女性为０．６２±０．１５ｎｇ（ｎ＝３４），二组比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明正常人ＥＧＦ浓度与年龄、性别关系不大。     

肺癌患者血清3种生长因子测定的临床意义及化疗后的变化

用放射免疫分析法测定 ４０ 例肺癌患者血清 Ｉ Ｇ ＦⅡ、 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆα、 Ｇ Ｍ  Ｃ Ｓ Ｆ水平,并与 ２０ 例正常对照比较。２１ 例患者化疗后再次测定,观察化疗后的变化。结果表明,肺癌患者血清 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆα为 ７．８５±１．６１ｎｇ／ Ｌ,明显高于对照组的 ５２９±１．３１ｎｇ／ Ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）; Ｇ Ｍ  Ｃ Ｓ Ｆ 为 １２７±０．３３μｇ／ Ｌ,明显高于对照组 ０４１±０．１２,（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）;血清 Ｉ Ｇ ＦⅡ水平为 ０４８±０．１４μｇ／ Ｌ,与正常对照的 ０４６±０．１３μｇ／ Ｌ 无差异（ Ｐ＞００５）。化疗后患者血清 Ｇ Ｍ  Ｃ Ｓ Ｆ明显升高（ Ｐ＜ ００１）, Ｉ Ｇ ＦⅡ、 Ｔ Ｇ Ｆα无明显变化。     

膀胱肿瘤患者尿中表皮生长因子测定

用放射免疫分析法，对３５例正常人和３０例手术前后的膀胱肿瘤患者尿中表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）含量为进行测定。结果：膀胱肿瘤患者术前ＥＧＦ含量为（２２．０６±１２．０５）μｇ／Ｌ，显著低于正常人群（３５．６９±２０．０８）μｇ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５），而膀胱肿瘤患者术后与正常人群相比，ＥＧＦ水平无显著差别。提示膀胱肿瘤无自分泌ＥＧＦ现象，尿中ＥＧＦ有促进肿瘤生长作用。     

表皮生长因子及其受体在胃癌中的表达

目的：观察表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）及其受体（ＥＧＦＲ）在胃癌中的表达，加深对胃癌发生分子基础的了解。方法：采用免疫组织化学方法（ＡＢＣ法），分析探讨两者在５２例原发性胃癌组织中的变化。结果：ＥＧＦ、ＥＧＦＲ在胃癌中的阳性表达率分别为４０４％（２１／５２）和４８１％（２５／５２），两者同时阳性表达率为３６５％（１９／５２）；ＥＧＦ在中、晚期胃癌，淋巴结转移胃癌，低分化胃癌中的免疫阳性反应率为４７６％（２０／４２）；５３１％（１７／３２）；５２３％（１８／３４），分别高于其在早期（１０％，１／１０）、淋巴结阴性（２０％，４／２０）、高分化胃癌（１６７％，３／８）中的表达，Ｐ＜００５；ＥＧＦＲ表达与临床进展无明显相关性，Ｐ＞００５，但其在淋巴结转移（５９４％，１９／３２）、低分化胃癌（６１８％，２１／３４）中的表达率分别高于其在淋巴结阴性（３０％，６／２０）、高分化胃癌（２２２％，３／１８）中的表达，Ｐ＜００５。结论：ＥＧＦ、ＥＧＦＲ在胃癌转移过程中起一定作用，并可能是胃癌恶性程度的影响因素。     

心交感神经活动在大鼠心肌梗塞病程中的变化

以血浆和心肌内去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）含量、心肌内多巴胺β－羟化酶（ＤβＨ）活性为指标，了解心梗病程中心交感神经活动的变化规律。结果发现，在心梗后亚急性期血浆中ＮＥ水平恢复正常（６．２３±５．９２ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｌ，缺血心肌ＤβＨ活性显著增强（１８．３８±２．６４ｎｍｏｌ／０．１ｇ湿重组织·ｈ），ＮＥ含量低于正常（０．０８±０．０１ｐｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）；慢性期ＤβＨ活性（３．９６±１．８５ｎｍｏｌ／０．１ｇ湿重组织·ｈ）、ＮＥ含量（０．０６±０．０１ｐｍｏｌ／ｍｇ）均低于正常。提示亚急性期心交感神经活动亢进，由于ＮＥ释放大于合成无堆积现象，慢性期心交感神经活动失去代偿能力。     

胃癌细胞DNA含量与淋巴结转移关系的初步研究

应用流式细胞术研究胃癌细胞ＤＮＡ含量、Ｓ期细胞比率（ＳＰＦ）和Ｇ２／Ｍ期细胞比率（Ｇ２／ＭＰＦ）与胃癌淋巴结转移的关系。结果显示：异倍体胃癌淋巴结转移率及ＳＰＦ显著高于二倍体胃癌（ｐ〈０．０５）。淋巴结转移个数越多，转移距离越远，也常发生在异倍体癌。而Ｇ２／ＭＰＦ则与淋巴结转移无明显关系。以上结果表明：胃癌细胞ＤＮＡ含量、ＳＰＦ与淋巴结转移个数、转移距离有一定关系。     

表皮生长因子受体在胃癌中的表达及其意义

表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）是分子量为１７０ｋｕ的跨膜糖蛋白，与细胞的分裂增殖有关。本研究应用放射配基结合分析法，测定了３０例胃癌患者的癌组织及正常胃组织，结果胃癌组织的ＥＧＦＲ含量为（１０．３６±２．２１）ｆｏｍｌ／Ｌ蛋白，明显高于正常胃组织的ＥＧＦＲ含量（４．２２±１．８０）ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白，（Ｐ＜０．０１）。不同胃癌病理类型中，分化差的ＥＧＦＲ高于分化好的，但统计学处理无显著性差异。胃癌组织中的ＥＧＦＲ具有很高的亲和力Ｋｄ＝（２．２５±０．６８）ｎｍｏｌ。我们的结果表明ＥＧＦＲ在胃癌组织中的高表达可能在胃癌的发生、发展中起重要作用，但ＥＧＦＲ能否作为判断胃癌分化好坏及预后的指标尚难定论，有待进一步研究。     

血管生成检测在恶性淋巴瘤鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）表达和微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）在恶性淋巴瘤（ＭＬ）鉴别诊断中的价值。方法：应用免疫组化ＳＡＢＣ法，观察２９例恶性淋巴瘤（ＭＬ）、２０例转移癌淋巴结和１７例慢性淋巴结炎中ＶＥＧＦ表达和ＭＶＤ计数。结果：ＭＬ组和转移癌淋巴结组的ＶＥＧＦ阳性表达率分别为７２．４％和７５％，显著高于慢性淋巴结炎组（Ｐ＜０．００５），ＭＬ和转移癌淋巴结组ＭＶＤ分别为４０．６１±１４．７２、３７．９５±１７．０４，显著高于慢性淋巴结炎组２８．１３±１６．０２（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＶＥＧＦ表达和ＭＶＤ在良恶性淋巴结病变中均有差异性，可作为鉴别良恶性淋巴结病变的有价值的指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.