新达罗和头孢拉定对照治疗肺部感染112例

目的：观察新达罗（国产头孢克罗）治疗肺部感染的疗效,并与头孢拉定进行比较。方法：１１２例肺部感染患者随机分为Ａ组（６４例）和Ｂ组（４８例）,Ａ组用新达罗胶囊,０．５ｇ／次,ｔｉｄ,疗程７～１４ｄ;Ｂ组用头孢拉定胶囊,０．５ｇ／次,ｔｉｄ,疗程７～１４ｄ。结果：Ａ,Ｂ两组临床有效率分别为８７．５％和７２．９％（Ｐ〈０．０５）,细菌清除率分别为８６．７％和７０．０％（Ｐ〈０．０５）,两者之间有显著性差     

新达罗胶囊治疗老年肺部感染58例疗效观察

作者采用口服新达罗（ｃｅｆａｃｌｏｒ）治疗５８例老年肺部感染，临床总有效率为８２．８％，细菌清除率为９８．０％，不良反应发生率为３．５％，结果表明：该药抗菌谱广，高效，使用安全，尤其适用于老年慢性肺心病，肺功能不全的肺部感染者，疗效好，副作用小，现已成为临床敏感菌感染的首选药物。     

新达罗胶囊治疗老年肺部感染58例疗效观察

作者采用口服新达罗（ｃｅｆａｃｌｏｒ）治疗５８例老年肺部感梁，临床总有效率为８２．８％，细菌清除率９８．０％，不良反应发生率为３．５％。结果表明：该药抗菌谱广、高效、使用安全，尤其适用于老年慢阻肺合并肺心病、肺功能不全的肺部感染者，疗效好、副作用小，现已成为临床敏感菌感染的首选药物。     

美洛西林治疗呼吸道感染54例

目的：评价美洛西林治疗呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法：治疗组５４例呼吸道感染患者用美洛西林治疗（Ｉ组），对照且４０例用氨苄西林治疗，剂量３．０￣６．０ｇ，ｂｉｄ，静脉滴注，疗程７￣１４ｄ。结果：治疗组和对照且临床总有效率分别为８３．３％和６２．５％；细菌培养阳性率分别为９２．６％和９０．０％，治疗后细菌转阴率分别为６８．０％和４４％，治疗期间未发现不良反应。结论：美洛西林治疗呼吸道感染有较高的临床应用     

氟罗沙星与环丙沙星治疗细菌性感染的比较

目的：评价氟罗沙星注射液对细菌性感染的疗效及安全性。方法：１６２例病人随机分为氟罗沙星治疗组、环丙沙星对照组各６１例和氟罗沙星开放组４０例。氟罗沙星治疗和开放组用氟罗沙星０．２～０．４ ｇ,静脉滴注,ｑｄ;环丙沙星对照组用环丙沙星,０．２～０．４ ｇ,静脉滴注,ｂｉｄ;疗程均为 ７～１４ｄ。结果：氟罗沙星注射液治疗总有效率为 ９３．１％（９３／１０１）与环丙沙星相当,治疗组有效率为９２％（５６／６１）与对照组８２％（５０／６１）相似（Ｐ＞０．０５）;但前者的细菌清除率（９４％）高于后者（８６％, Ｐ＜０． ０５）;不良反应发生率氟罗沙星（６％）也与环丙沙星（８％）相似（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：氟罗沙星注射液对细菌性感染有效而安全。     

氟罗沙星注射剂治疗40例尿路感染的临床疗效

目的：比较氟罗沙星与氧氟星注射剂治疗尿路的感染的临床疗效。方法：将８０例尿路感染病例随机分为两组，分别应用氟罗沙星（０．２￣０．４ｇ／ｄ）和氧氟沙星（０．２￣０．４ｇ／ｄ）。结果：氟罗沙星组和氧氟沙星组的总有效率分别为８５％和８０％，细菌清除率分别为９２．５％和８７．５％，两组间无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。不良反应发生率分别为１２．５％和７．５％（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：氟罗生注射剂治疗尿路感染用药     

通心络胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛双盲对照研究

目的：采用以模拟随机双盲对照法观察通心络胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效。方法;分为治疗组和对照组,每组３０例,疗程４周。结果：心绞痛疗效;治疗组和对照组显效率分别为６３．３３％和３０％。总有效率分别为９６．６７％和７３．３３％（Ｐ〈０．０１）;心电图疗效：治疗组和对照组显效率分别为３０％和１６．６７％,总有效率分别为７０％和４３．３３％（Ｐ〈０．０５）;临床主要症状疗效;治疗组和对照组显效率分别为     

国产奈替米星临床与实验室研究

采用国产奈替米星和阿米卡星随机对照治疗各种类型急性细菌性感染２０４例，奈替米星７７例与阿米卡星７６例作随机对照，开放试验５１例。治愈率和有效率分别为７５．３％，９６．１％；６７．１％、９３．４％、８６．３％，９４．１％（Ｐ〉０．１，Ｐ〉０．２５），细菌清除率分别为９０．７；８８．０％；９３．０％（Ｐ〉０．０５），不良反应发生率分别为５．１％、３．９％、３．９％（Ｐ〉０．５），试验组和对照组临床疗效     

银可络与丹参治疗冠心病心绞痛的效果比较

目的：比较银可络与丹参治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效。方法：１２０例冠心病心绞痛患者,随机分成两组,均采用相同的常规疗法,对照组每日加用丹参片;治疗组每日加用银可络片,连用４周。比较两组的疗效。结果：心绞痛症状疗效,治疗组总有效率为９３．３％,对照组总有效率为６０．０％（Ｐ〈０．０１）;心电图疗效治疗组总有效率为７３．３％,对照组总有效率为４８．３％（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：银可络可明显缓解冠心病心绞痛症状     

卡斯迈欣与克拉仙随机对照治疗呼吸道感染60例

观察卡斯迈欣片治疗呼吸道革兰阳性菌感染的疗效及安全性。方法：将６０例患者随机分成两组，一组（３０例）服用治疗药卡斯迈欣片，另一组（３０例）服用对照药克拉仙片。比较两组的有效率及不良反应发生率。结果：两组的疗效及安全性差异均无显著性，卡斯迈欣片的临床痊愈率、临床有效率、痰菌阴转率和痰菌消除率分别为６０．０％，９３．３％，９６．０％和９６．０％，不良反应发生率为６．７％。５１株临床分离菌的体外敏感性试验显示，卡斯迈欣对多数革兰阳性病原菌有良好的抗菌活性。结论：卡斯迈欣片治疗呼吸道革兰阳性菌感染疗效确切，不良反应少见而轻微，其疗效和安全性与克拉仙片相仿。     

吲哚美辛缓释栓剂在家兔体内的生物药剂学评价

家兔应用吲哚美辛通栓剂、微囊栓剂及两种复３合微囊栓剂（即缓释栓剂）等四种栓剂后血药浓度的测定，表明缓释栓剂在家兔体内释药性能明显优于普通栓剂和微囊栓剂。     

ROLE OF UTERINE FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN SHR

1. To examine whether the uterine environment plays a role in the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we have compared fetal weight, placental weight, and amniotic fluid composition of SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats after 20 days of gestation. 2. Pregnant SHR and WKY were anaesthetized at 20 days of gestation and the uterus and embryonic sacs removed. Fetal and placental weights were recorded and amniotic fluid collected for measurement of volume, osmolality and electrolyte composition. 3. No significant difference was found in litter size and placental weight between SHR and WKY. Total embryonic sac weight and fetal weight of SHR were significantly lower than WKY. Amniotic fluid volume, sodium concentration and osmolality of SHR were significantly higher than WKY, while amniotic fluid potassium concentration of SHR was significantly lower than WKY. 4. Thus, the SHR foetus was significantly underweight compared to the WKY and was bathed in amniotic fluid with a significantly higher osmolality and sodium concentration. As the mature foetus is known to drink amniotic fluid, it is hypothesized that the elevated Na/K ratio in SHR amniotic fluid may instigate or accelerate the hypertensive process.     

HPLC测定川产六种鹿蹄草中高熊果苷的含量

目的　对川产 6种鹿蹄草中的高熊果苷进行含量测定。方法　用HPLC ,色谱柱SynchromSi(5 μm ,15 0mm× 4 .6mm) ,流动相为正己烷 -醋酸乙酯 -甲醇 (30∶10∶9) ,检测波长 2 80nm。结果和结论　线性范围为 0 .5 2 4～2 .6 4 μg(r=0 .9997) ,平均回收率 96 .6 8% ,RSD =3.72 %。该方法可行     

ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORTICOTROPIN-INDUCED HYPERTENSION IN SHEEP

1. The possibility that altered synthesis of vascular nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the development of corticotropin-induced hypertension in sheep was examined by determining the effect of concomitant infusion of L-arginine, a precursor of NO, on the development of the hypertension. 2. Corticotropin (5 μg/kg per h) infused over 2 days increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 83 ± 4 to 99 ± 4 mmHg in five conscious sheep. Concomitant infusion of L-arginine (60 mg/kg per h) did not alter this response; infusion of L-arginine alone had no effect on blood pressure. 3. The dose of L-arginine (60 mg/kg per h) used blocked the rise in MAP (+16 mmHg) in response to a 5 h infusion of N-nitro-L-arginine (1 mg/kg per h). 4. These findings suggest that disruption of NO synthesis does not play a role in the development of corticotropin hypertension in sheep.     

盐藻β-胡萝卜素预防实验性动脉粥样硬化形成的形态学观察

以鹌鹑动脉粥样硬化(AS)为模型,对从盐泽杜氏藻中提取的以顺式结构为主的β-胡萝卜素(β-C)预防实验性AS进行病理形态学观察,发现Ⅱ组(高饲对照组)动脉病变重,泡沫细胞约10～20层,平滑肌细胞增生,斑块发生率为91.67％。β-C组动脉病变轻,泡沫细胞仅约2～4层,斑块发生率明显少于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),且存在剂量依赖关系。结果表明,β-C能有效地抑制AS斑块的形成和发展。     

β肾上腺素受体拮抗剂对点燃的调控机理

目的　研究中枢β肾上腺素受体(β-AR)及其亚型在大鼠点燃模型的调控机理。方法　建立大鼠杏仁核电刺激点燃和戊四唑化学性点燃模型,观察β-AR亚型激动剂和拮抗剂对点燃和小鼠最大电休克的影响。结果　β-AR拮抗剂普萘洛尔明显延缓杏仁核点燃进程;普萘洛尔和β₁-AR拮抗剂美托洛尔均能显著抑制杏仁核点燃和化学性点燃;β₁-AR激动剂多巴酚丁胺完全逆转普萘洛尔对点燃的抑制作用,β₂-AR激动剂特布他林对普萘洛尔抑制作用无明显影响。结论　中枢β₁-AR参与杏仁核电刺激点燃和戊四唑化学性点燃的抑制作用。     

INVOLVEMENT OF OXIDATIVE AND L-ARGININE-NO PATHWAYS IN THE NEUROTOXICITY OF DRUGS OF ABUSE IN VITRO

1. Inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) formation or ADP-ribosylation attenuate methamphetamine (METH)- and methyl-enedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity on dopaminergic and serotonergic cells in primary cultures. 2. They also prevent METH-induced reactive gliosis in dopaminergic cultures. 3. Overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells obtained from SOD-transgenic mice also attenuates drug-induced toxicity. 4. These data indicate a role for oxygen-based and NO free radicals in the mechanisms of cell death associated with drugs of abuse in vitro.     

沈阳地区药物滥用者滥用因素Logistic回归分析

目的:研究药物滥用者的滥用因素,为吸毒的防治提供有效的指导。方法:采用流行病学调查方法,结果应用logistic回归分析。结果:在α=0.05的条件下,OR值有显著意义的因素有:年龄结构、文化程度低、家庭结构不稳定、寻求刺激和不良交友。结论:药物滥用者在吸毒前,社会心理状况不良是导致药物滥用的主要因素。