从噬菌体抗体库中筛选抗Cry1Ac蛋白单链抗体

目的:从Tomlinson J噬菌体抗体库中筛选人源化抗Cry1Ac蛋白单链抗体(scFv)并进行鉴定.方法:以Cry1Ac蛋白为抗原包被固相,经4轮"吸附-洗脱-扩增"过程后,挑取单克隆,用ELISA法测定特异性结合活性,并对其进行基因序列测定.结果:经过4轮筛选,获得了2株能与Cry1Ac蛋白特异性结合的阳性克隆.结论:利用噬菌体抗体库技术可以不经过免疫制备出高特异性的人源化抗Cry1Ac蛋白scFv,为Cry1Ac毒素蛋白检测提供了条件.     

从噬菌体抗体库中筛选抗角蛋白单链抗体

目的　从半合成噬菌体抗体库中筛选人源性抗角蛋白单链抗体 (scFv)并进行鉴定。方法　以人表皮角蛋白为抗原 ,通过“吸附 洗脱 扩增”过程从噬菌体抗体库中筛选特异性抗角蛋白单链抗体 ,对其抗原结合活性、识别角蛋白的相对分子质量 (Mr)和序列进行分析鉴定。结果　经过筛选 ,获得 6株能与角蛋白特异性结合的阳性克隆 ,所识别角蛋白的Mr 相同 ,均在 5 6 0 0 0～ 5 70 0 0之间 ;序列分析显示 ,所获抗体克隆的可变区基因分别属于免疫球蛋白基因家族的不同亚群。结论　利用噬菌体抗体库技术可以不经免疫制备出高特异性的人源性抗角蛋白单链抗体     

抗人肺癌单链抗体噬菌体库的构建及特异性单链抗体的鉴定

目的 构建人源噬菌体抗体库,并从中筛选出抗肺癌人源单链抗体。方法 提取肺癌患者癌旁淋巴结组织,通过RT-PCR扩增出重链可变区基因（VH）和轻链可变区基因（VL）,再经剪切-重叠-延伸PCR(SOE-PCR)将VH 和VL连接得到单链抗体（ScFv）。将双酶切后的ScFv基因片段克隆入噬菌体表达载体pCANTAB5E,得到初级噬菌体抗体库。以肺腺癌细胞株A549为抗原对抗体库进行4轮筛选富集,鉴定抗体库性能。将得到的阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达并进行检测。结果 成功构建噬菌体单链抗体库。经筛选富集,噬菌体收获率得到增加,第4轮是第1轮的115倍。随机选取10个克隆,通过ELISA法检测到其中7个与A549细胞呈阳性反应,阳性率为70%。SDS-PAGE及ELISA检测证实得到人源抗肺癌单链抗体。结论 成功构建人源单链抗体噬菌体库,从中获得具有较高特异性的抗人肺癌单链抗体。     

从大容量人源噬菌体抗体库中筛选抗黑素瘤特异性抗体

目的:用黑素瘤(MM)细胞系筛选大容量人源噬菌体抗体库,获得能与MM细胞特异性结合的人源性单链抗体(scFv)。方法:用完整的MM细胞对大容量人源噬菌体抗体库进行4轮“吸附-洗脱-扩增”筛选,并通过细胞ELISA法对随机挑选的克隆进行抗原结合活性测定,得到的阳性克隆进一步做DNA序列测定和免疫组化染色鉴定。结果:从80个随机挑选的克隆中,筛得1株抗MM细胞的抗体,该抗体对人的鳞癌细胞、角质形成细胞、黑素细胞、角蛋白、胰蛋白酶、转铁蛋白及小鼠IgG等细胞或抗原的结合反应均呈阴性。免疫组化染色显示,该抗体与MM细胞系Libr的染色呈阳性,对黑素细胞和痣细胞的染色呈阴性。DNA测序结果表明,该抗体VH属于人IgGVH5亚群,VL属于人Vκ亚型。结论:通过筛选噬菌体抗体库获得到1株抗MM细胞的特异性抗体,为MM的靶向治疗研究奠定了基础。     

从噬菌体抗体库克隆抗人RBC单链抗体基因

目的用噬菌体抗体库技术克隆抗人红细胞（ＲＢＣ）的单链抗体（ＳｃＦｖ）基因。方法以人ＲＢＣ免疫小鼠，取脾细胞，ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法扩增ＶＨ和Ｖκ基因，组装到ＳｃＦｖ－噬菌体抗体表达载体中，构建了噬菌体抗体库，以人ＲＢＣ为固相抗原，对该库进行了四轮“吸附－洗脱－扩增”筛选，获得了抗人ＲＢＣ的ＳｃＦｖ基因。结果ＤＮＡ序列分析表明其可变区基因分别属于小鼠ＶＨⅢ亚群和ＶκⅤ亚群。结论所表达的ＳｃＦｖ可与不同人ＲＢＣ结合，与ＡＢＯ血型抗原无关，可用于构建快速血凝诊断的工程抗体     

大容量人源噬菌体抗体库的构建

目的:构建大容量易于改造成Diabody的噬菌体单链抗体库,筛选人源性抗体。方法:从正常成人外周血和新生儿脐血中分离淋巴细胞提取RNA,经RT-PCR扩增轻重链可变区基因(VL和VH),通过重叠PCR(over-lapPCR)将VL和VH拼接成单链抗体(ScFv)基因(其中VH两侧是两个非同源的loxp基因),并克隆入噬菌体表达载体PDF,得到初级噬菌体抗体库。将初级抗体库以高MOI超感染Cre+菌株BS1365,通过loxp-cre定位重组系统,介导轻重链在菌内重组配对,然后低感染XL1-Blue菌,得到大容量的次级抗体库。以多种不同抗原对库进行筛选,得到多样性较好的特异性抗体。结果:经超感染重组,得到1·2×1010的大容量抗体库。经三种蛋白抗原筛选,均得到多株特异性较好的噬菌体抗体,并成功构建为活性较好的Diabody。结论:经Loxp-Cre定位重组系统在单细胞内重组,能够高效地构建大容量噬菌体单链抗体库。     

抗人纤维蛋白噬菌体单链抗体库的构建和鉴定

目的应用噬菌体展示技术构建抗人纤维蛋白单链抗体(scFv)文库,筛选高亲和力抗人纤维蛋白scFv并进行鉴定。方法利用人纤维蛋白免疫小鼠,分别扩增小鼠VH和VL基因,经重叠延伸聚合酶链反应(PCR)将VH和VL基因拼接成scFv基因,SfiⅠ/NotⅠ双酶切克隆入pCANTAB 5E噬菌粒载体,转化E.coli TG1构建成库,采用人纤维蛋白原对抗体库进行负筛选,人纤维蛋白进行正筛选,酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)检测阳性克隆的抗原特异性并进行测序分析。结果构建了库容为8.7×106的抗人纤维蛋白scFv库,ELISA测定显示scFv具有较高的抗原特异性;抗人纤维蛋白scFv基因序列长732 bp,编码244个氨基酸,VH和VL基因均有明确的3个互补决定区和4个骨架区。结论成功构建了抗人纤维蛋白scFv文库,并筛选到高亲和力的抗人纤维蛋白scFv,为新型血栓显像剂的开发奠定了实验基础。     

从半合成噬菌体抗体库中克隆抗地高辛人单链抗体

目的：从半合成噬菌体抗体库中克隆抗地高辛（Dig）人单链抗体（ADA ScFv）,为Dig中毒的诊断和治疗提供人源性抗体。方法：①以改良法制备Dig-BSA偶联物②以固相化的Dig-BSA偶联物对人噬菌体ScFv抗体库进行了4轮筛选,通过ELISA筛选出能结合Dig的抗体克隆并鉴定其活性,通过ELIS竞争抑制实验分析其特异性,对阳性克隆的DNA进行测序分析。结果：①在对抗体库的筛选过程中可见有明显的富集;②获得一株可结合Dig及其类似物的阳性克隆;③阳性克隆的可变区分别属于VH5和Vλ1亚群。结论：利用噬菌体抗体库技术获得了能与Dig及其它洋地黄类药物结合的人ADA ScFv,经过一步分析及抗体工程改造后,有可能为临床上诊断及治疗洋地黄类药物中毒提供具有实用价值的人源性抗体。     

老年痴呆噬菌体抗体库的构建及抗Aβ肽单链抗体的筛选

目的: 构建人源性的老年痴呆(AD)噬菌体抗体库,筛选1株人源性的β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)特异性单链抗体(scFv).方法: 利用噬菌体展示技术,用20个AD患者的外周血B细胞首次构建了AD患者的单链可变区噬菌体抗体库.以Aβ40为靶,挑选出77个阳性抗体克隆,从中筛选出一个抗Aβ scFv-H1,并对其重链和轻链可变区基因进行测序分析.利用预吸附实验及竞争性ELISA测定该抗体对Aβ40的特异性及结合位点. 结果: 成功构建出AD患者的单链可变区噬菌体抗体库,库容量为1.5×106.从库中筛选出1株抗Aβ40的单链噬菌体抗体-H1,DNA测序结果证实了其抗体的基因结构及氨基酸序列.预吸附及竞争性ELISA证实该抗体对Aβ40的结合表位位于蛋白氨基端的1到16个氨基酸内. 结论: 利用噬菌体抗体库技术可成功制备Aβ肽特异性scFv,为AD患者的临床诊断和被动免疫治疗提供了一种新的可供选择的途径.     

人源抗狂犬病毒单链抗体库的构建及体外亲和筛选

目的 :构建人源噬菌体展示单链抗体 (scFv)库 ,筛选抗狂犬病毒特异性、高亲和力的scFv。方法 :应用重组噬菌体抗体技术 ,从经狂犬病毒WISTARPM株疫苗免疫者的外周血淋巴细胞中 ,分离并构建scFv基因。将其克隆入噬粒载体pCANTAB 5E中 ,转化于大肠杆菌TG1,通过辅助噬菌体M13K0 7援救构建噬菌体单链抗体库。采用狂犬病毒Vero疫苗亲和富集法 ,淘选阳性重组噬菌体 ,经鉴定后对其进行序列分析。用竞争ELISA ,初步检测重组scFv的特异性抗原结合活性。结果 :成功地构建了库容量约为 7× 10 8抗狂犬病毒噬菌体scFv库 ,筛选到 1株新的抗狂犬病毒的scFv S12。结论 :噬菌体展示scFv库的成功构建及人源抗狂犬病毒特异性scFv的获得 ,为进一步研制抗狂犬病毒的高特异性、高亲和力的基因工程抗体奠定了基础     

噬菌体抗体库中筛选特异结合新甲型H1N1病毒scFv分子的研究

目的从人源化噬菌体抗体库中筛选到能高亲和性、特异结合新甲型H1N1流感病毒的单链抗体。为分析H1N1病毒抗原中和表位的活性位点和人源化治疗单抗奠定基础。方法将细胞培养的新型H1N1病毒毒株,经超速离心浓缩纯化后,获得纯的新甲型H1N1病毒,以新甲型H1N1病毒为靶蛋白,以亲和结合为原理,筛选噬菌体scFv抗体文库,经过3轮筛选富集后,随机挑选了96个噬菌体克隆扩增培养,ELISA法挑选能特异性、高亲和性结合目的蛋白的噬菌体克隆。结果经过3轮富集性的亲和筛选．分别从96个噬菌体克隆中挑选到了4株能特异结合新甲型H1N1病毒,而不结合季节性H1N1病毒的单链抗体分子,且PCR扩增都得到了长为368、527和935bp的轻链、重链和轻链一连接片段一重链的基因片段。结论从噬菌体抗体库中筛选到的特异结合新甲型H1N1病毒的单链抗体片段．可为进一步研发新甲流的H1N1快速筛选试剂和人源性治疗抗体奠定基础,也可为鉴定新甲型H1N1病毒中的抗原决定簇提供结构信息。     

Correlation between calcification and bone sialoprotein and osteopontin in papillary thyroid carcinoma

The correlation between calcification and papillary thyroid carcinoma has received increasing attention. We investigated the ability of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN) protein levels to diagnose papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and explored the correlation between BSP and OPN protein levels and calcification in PTC. Archival PTC specimens from patients with PTC with calcification and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) were included in this retrospective immunohistochemical study. The protein levels of BSP and OPN were analysed immunohistochemically using routinely prepared tissue sections. PTC specimens from 66 patients with PTC were reviewed retrospectively (25 patients with histological calcification seen in paraffin sections, 41 patients without calcification; 35 patients with lateral cervical LNM, 31 patients without LNM). The percentage of samples that had cells that demonstrated positive protein staining differed significantly between PTC specimens, benign thyroid nodules, and adjacent normal follicular epithelium (BSP: 87.88%, 55.00%, and 42.50%, respectively; OPN: 83.33%, 70.00% and 50.00%, respectively). There was a significant difference in the immunohistochemical score (IHS) for BSP and OPN protein staining between PTC specimens with and without calcification (P < 0.05). The level of BSP protein staining was found to be significantly correlated with the level of OPN protein staining in PTC specimens. We conclude that the strong correlation between BSP and OPN and PTC suggests a role for BSP and OPN in calcification and tumor progression of PTC. BSP and OPN might be useful tumour markers for the diagnosis of PTC with limited value, because both of them had low specificity.     

Isolation and characterization of anti c-met single chain fragment variable (scFv) antibodies

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Met is the cell surface receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) involved in invasive growth programs during embryogenesis and tumorgenesis. There is compelling evidence suggesting important roles for c-Met in colorectal cancer proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and survival. Hence, a molecular inhibitor of an extracellular domain of c-Met receptor that blocks c-Met-cell surface interactions could be of great thera-peutic importance. In an attempt to develop molecular inhibitors of c-Met, single chain variable fragment (scFv) phage display libraries Tomlinson I?+?J against a specific synthetic oligopeptide from the extracellular domain of c-Met receptor were screened; selected scFv were then characterized using various immune techniques. Three c-Met specific scFv (ES1, ES2, and ES3) were selected following five rounds of panning procedures. The scFv showed specific binding to c-Met receptor, and significantly inhibited proliferation responses of a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT-116). Moreover, anti- apoptotic effects of selected scFv antibodies on the HCT-116 cell line were also evaluated using Annexin V/PI assays. The results demonstrated rates of apoptotic cell death of 46.0, 25.5, and 37.8% among these cells were induced by use of ES1, ES2, and ES3, respectively. The results demonstrated ability to successfully isolate/char-acterize specific c-Met scFv that could ultimately have a great therapeutic potential in immuno-therapies against (colorectal) cancers.     

Production and characterization of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) against the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced by certain fungi that infest cereal grains. A hybridoma cell line producing a monoclonal antibody (Mab) was used as the starting point in the development of a recombinant single chain variable fragment antibody (scFv) recognising DON. The scFv and Mab were characterised using two immunoassay formats: competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CD-ELISA) and biolayer interferometry (BLI). Using CD-ELISA the IC₅₀s for DON were 36.1 and 13.8 ng/ml for assays based on the scFv and Mab, respectively. The cross-reactivity to DON analogs was very similar for the scFv and the Mab. The real-time binding of the antibodies to an immobilised DON-protein conjugate was also monitored. In competitive BLI assays the IC₅₀s using the scFv and Mab were 68.3 and 15.8 ng/ml, respectively. The results suggest that sensitivity of assays, but not selectivity, was affected by removal of the constant regions of the Mab.     

抗肝癌细胞噬菌体单链抗体库的构建及筛选

构建抗人肝癌细胞单链抗体库 ,从中筛选与肝癌细胞特异结合的高亲和力单链抗体。从HepG2细胞免疫的BALB/c小鼠脾脏提取总RNA ,RT PCR扩增小鼠抗体重、轻链可变区基因 ,用 (Gly4Ser) 3 连接肽基因 ,经重叠延伸反应 ,在体外将VH 和VL 连接成单链抗体 (scFv)基因 ,并克隆入噬菌粒载体pCANTAB5E中 ,构建噬菌体单链抗体库。以HepG2细胞为抗原对抗体库进行淘选 ,ELISA法鉴定各单克隆与肝癌细胞的结合活性 ,并对阳性克隆进行表达。成功构建了库容为 1 1× 10 6抗肝癌细胞的噬菌体单链抗体库 ,经筛选得到了与HepG2细胞具有较强结合能力的单链抗体 ,实现了scFv在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达。序列测定结果表明 ,VH 和VL 基因符合小鼠抗体可变区特征 ,scFv基因拼接正确     

Purification of bone sialoprotein from the medium of the rat osteoblast-like cell line UMR 106-01 BSP

Summary Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is an integrin-binding, RGD-containing bone matrix glycoprotein that has been shown to support cell attachment of cell in culture. Purification of large amounts of this protein from bone is possible but the methods are tedious and the yield is generally low. The availability of a transformed rat osteoblastic cell line synthesizing BSP has made it possible to isolate quantities of this protein in a non-denatured form for studies on its structure and function as well as cell attachment. This report describes the purification of 1 to 2 milligrams of BSP from a liter of serum-free medium of the rat osteoblast-like cell line UMR 106-01 BSP.     

抗木瓜凝乳蛋白酶单链抗体基因的构建、初步筛选和鉴定

目的 :构建抗木瓜凝乳蛋白酶全套单链抗体 (scFv)噬菌体表面展示文库。方法 :从木瓜凝乳蛋白酶免疫小鼠的淋巴细胞中提取总RNA ,反转录成cDNA后 ,用抗体V区简并引物扩增全套VH 和VL 基因。经重叠延伸反应 ,装配成scFv基因 ,并将其克隆到噬粒载体pFAB5C中 ,构建scFv噬菌体抗体库。对抗体库进行亲和筛选后 ,用ELISA法鉴定抗木瓜凝乳蛋白酶的scFv。结果 :经 4轮“亲和 吸附 洗脱”的富集过程 ,得到ELISA活性较高可与木瓜凝乳蛋白酶结合的克隆。结论 :成功地构建了抗木瓜凝乳蛋白酶的scFv噬菌体展示文库 ,并筛选到与木瓜凝乳蛋白酶具有结合能力的scFv基因     

RASA, a recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody directed against the human sperm surface: implications for novel contraceptives

BACKGROUND: A recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody was engineered to a tissue-specific carbohydrate epitope located on human sperm agglutination antigen-1 (SAGA-1), a sperm glycoform of CD52. METHODS AND RESULTS: cDNAs encoding the variable regions of the S19 [IgG(1)kappa] monoclonal antibody (mAb) were identified, linked, and cloned into the pCANTAB 5E vector. The recombinant anti-sperm antibody (RASA) was expressed in E. coli HB2151 cells as a 29 kDa monomer and, remarkably, also formed multimers of approximately 60 and 90 kDa. RASA reacted with the endogenous SAGA-1 antigen by Western blot analysis, labelled the entire human sperm surface by indirect immunofluorescence, and aggregated human spermatozoa in a tangled (head-to-head, head-to-tail, tail-to-tail) pattern of agglutination, as was also observed with the native S19 mAb. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that active recombinant antibodies can be produced to a tissue-specific carbohydrate epitope on the human sperm surface, thereby opening opportunities for novel contraceptive agents.