含银异种脱细胞真皮基质的实验研究

目的了解含银异种脱细胞真皮基质(Xeno-ADM)的多项生物学性状,观察其移植效果。方法制备单纯xeno-ADM,再用2 g／L硝酸银浸泡,制成含银xeno-ADM。检测两种xeno-ADM对笔者单位烧伤患者创面常见菌的抑菌效果,并进行组织学观察;测量含银xeno-ADM的Ag+含量。在27只家兔背部制作全层皮肤缺损创面,分为A、B、C组,每组9只。A组移植自体刃厚皮,B组移植单纯xeno-ADM+自体刃厚皮,C组移植含银xeno-ADM+自体刃厚皮。术后2、4、6周取移植部位皮肤标本作形态学观察,并计算创面收缩率;术后2周计算移植皮片(未)成活率,并检测各组家兔淋巴细胞增殖活性。结果(1)含银xeno-ADM对创面常见菌的抑菌效果明显优于单纯xeno-ADM (P<0．05)。两种xeno-ADM中的表皮已完全除去,胶原纤维粗细均匀、排列规则、无明显变性,真皮中无细胞及细胞碎片。含银xeno-ADM的Ag+含量为(2．7±0．7)mg／g。(2)术后6周,A组家兔移植皮片呈暗红色,挛缩明显,易破溃,胶原纤维排列紊乱;B、C组移植皮片颜色接近周围正常皮肤,光滑无瘢痕,质地良好,胶原纤维排列有序,表皮-真皮连接结构和基底细胞桥粒、半桥粒结构以及基底膜重建明显。术后2、4、6周,A组家兔创面收缩率均明显高于B、C组(P<0．05);B、C两组创面收缩率相似(P>0．05)。术后2周,C组皮片完全成活率为91．7％,显著高于A组(77．8％)及B组(80．6％);3组家兔淋巴细胞增殖活性相似(P>0．05)。结论含银xeno-ADM脱除了基质中有免疫原性的细胞成分,保留了组织的基本结构和完整的胶原纤维支架,且具有较好的局部抗菌效果,不失为一种良好的真皮替代物。     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质一次性包扎治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤

目的探讨应用异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质一次性包扎治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的临床应用效果。方法1997年1月—2004年1月,应用异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质一次包扎治疗50%~95%总体表面积(TBSA)、深Ⅱ度烧伤的患者67例[异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质治疗组];同期保痂治疗的50%~95%TBSA、深Ⅱ度的患者10例(保痂治疗组),观察创面愈合时间和愈合质量及其并发症发生情况。治愈患者经过3个月~2年的随诊,观察瘢痕增生情况。结果异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质治疗组深Ⅱ度创面中途基本不需换药,创面愈合时间缩短,平均(12.2±2.6)d,而保痂治疗组愈合时间为(27.4±3.5)d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);同时,异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质治疗组瘢痕增生情况较保痂治疗组明显减轻或者无瘢痕增生。结论一次性覆盖异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质可有效地治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤创面,能加快创面愈合,减轻瘢痕增生,从而降低烧伤感染和炎症反应综合征的发生。     

烧伤变性脱细胞真皮基质可再生利用的实验研究

目的 探讨烧伤变性脱细胞真皮基质(DADM)作为真皮替代物用于创面修复的可行性. 方法 (1)取12只Wistar大鼠,其中9只背部造成深Ⅱ度烫伤(以下称烧伤)创面,分别于伤后1、2、3d(每时相点3只)取创面全厚皮肤,用2.5 g/L胰蛋白酶-体积分数0.5％ Triton X-100行脱细胞处理制成DADM,相应称为DADM-1 d、DADM-2 d、DADM-3 d;余下3只大鼠不致伤,同法制备ADM作为对照.对ADM和各DADM行大体、组织学观察及微生物学和生物力学检测(极限抗拉强度、最大拉力、断裂伸长率、应力-应变关系).(2)另取64只Wistar大鼠,按随机数字表法分为ADM组、DADM-1d组、DADM-2 d组、DADM-3d组,每组16只.于各大鼠背部制作一2.0 cm×1.8 cm大小皮瓣,将前述ADM和DADM-1 d、DADM-2d、DADM-3 d切制成1.8cm×1.5 cm大小后分别埋植于皮瓣下.术后1、3、5、9周,每组每时相点取4只大鼠,肉眼观察创面愈合情况及埋植物的变化,并对埋植物行组织学观察.对数据行单因素方差分析及t检验. 结果 (1)新鲜制备的各DADM呈乳白色,质地柔软有弹性,韧性较ADM弱.光学显微镜下见ADM和各DADM中均无上皮结构和细胞存在,DADM胶原纤维增粗程度不均匀,排列紊乱,嗜伊红性增强.各DADM微生物学检测结果均为阴性.DADM-1d、DADM-2 d、DADM-3 d之间极限抗拉强度、最大拉力、断裂伸长率和应力-应变关系比较,差异均无统计学意义(F值为0.088～3.591,P值均大于0.05);其中DADM-3d此4项指标值最高,分别为(13.0±2.4) MPa、(61 ±4)N、(173±7)％、(45 7±2.0)％.ADM此4项指标各为(19.0±2.6) MPa、(95±4)N、(201±5)％、(62.5±2.2)％,与3种DADM两两比较均偏高(t值为6.424 ～17.125,P值均小于0.01).(2)埋植术后1周,各组大鼠创面无渗出或红肿,埋植物未收缩或卷曲;创面有炎性细胞浸润并有Fb及毛细血管长入.术后3周时,DADM-1d、DADM-2 d、ADM组埋植区毛发生长正常,DADM-3 d组埋植区毛发较稀疏;各组炎性细胞减少,Fb增多,有新生小血管长入,DADM-3 d组炎性细胞减退稍延迟.术后第5周,各组埋植区毛发恢复正常,埋植物收缩、变薄,表面纤维膜包裹紧密,有较大血管束长入;各组真皮基质与周围正常组织融合.术后第9周,ADM和DADM均为薄、软白色组织片,与皮瓣内面连接紧密;各组无炎性细胞浸润,胶原纤维排列规则、致密,与正常胶原组织融合. 结论 烧伤DADM无明显免疫原性,生物相容性好,经离体改造有望成为创面修复治疗中的真皮替代物.     

应用脱细胞异体真皮移植增粗阴茎的临床研究

目的：研究应用脱细胞异体真皮移植增粗阴茎的效果、手术并发症及移植物应植入的最佳解剖层次。方法：应用脱细胞异体真皮植入增粗阴茎25例,A组13例,移植物植入Buck’s筋膜深面,白膜浅面;B组12例,移植物植入Dartos筋膜深面,Buck’s筋膜浅面。结果：术后阴茎中段周径增大1．1～3．2cm,A、B两组均无阴茎畸形、勃起功能障碍、脱细胞真皮外露等并发症发生,A组4例早期出现龟头麻木,3个月后恢复正常,B组无类似病例。结论：应用脱细胞异体真皮移植增粗阴茎效果明显,手术创伤小,无供区损伤,但植入Buck’s筋膜深面可引起术后早期龟头麻木。     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植的临床应用

目的：观察基底良好的深度创面用异种（猪）脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植的临床疗效。方法：2000年1月-2002年2月用异种（猪）真皮基质与自体薄片复合移植（二步法）修复基底良好的深度创面52例。结果：37例（71.1%）植皮完全成活，15例（28.9%）植皮95%以上成活，无一例补植皮。随访3-6个月复合移植皮肤颜色、质地基本接近于正常皮肤，瘢痕增生不明显。结论：异种（猪）真皮基质可推广应用于修复基底良好的深度创面的复合移植。     

The study of inhibiting systematic inflammatory response syndrome by applying xenogenic (porcine) acellular dermal matrix on second-degree burns

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of xenogenic (porcine) acellular dermal matrix on the systematic inflammatory reaction syndrome (SIRS), and the reaction of burn patients to tissue damage upon application to second-degree burn wounds. METHOD: Seventy-two cases of patients with acute second-degree burns were enrolled in the study. According to the total burn surface area (TBSA) and the treatment methods, we randomly divided the patients into four groups. Group A (treatment group): patients with less than 30% TBSA covered with xenogenic acellular dermal matrix. Group B (control group): patients with less than 30% TBSA covered with betadine ointment gauzes. Group C (treatment group): patients with more than 30% TBSA covered with porcine acellular dermal matrix. Group D (control group): patients with more than 30% TBSA covered with betadine ointment gauzes. Serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by single radial immunodiffusion method on 1, 4, 7 and 14 days postburn. RESULTS: The serum level of CRP in group A was significantly less than that of in group B (P<0.05) on days 4, 7 and 14. The serum level of CRP in group C increased slowly, descended quickly and was significantly less than that of in group D on days 4, 7 and 14. CONCLUSION: The application of xenogenic (porcine) acellular dermal matrix on second-degree burn wound can decrease serum level of CRP of the patients, which may play an important role in reducing SIRS and sepsis incidence.     

Denatured acellular dermal matrix seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for wound healing in mice

It is the basic task of burn therapy to cover the wound with self-healthy skin timely and effectively. However, for patients with extensive burns, autologous skin is usually insufficient, and allogenic or heterogeneous skin leads to strong immune response. It is vital to choose an appropriate treatment for deep extensive burns. Nowadays, the dermal substitute combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) is a prospective strategy for burn wound healing. Denatured acellular dermal matrix (DADM), as one of dermal substitutes, which prepared by burn skin discarded in escharotomy, not only maintains a certain degree of 3D structure of collagen, but also has good biocompatibility. In this study, the preparation method of DADM was improved and DADM was seeded with BM-MSCs. Then BM-MSCs-seeded DADM (DADM/MSCs) was implanted into mice cutaneous wound, and the effect of DADM/MSCs dermal substitute was assessed on skin regeneration. As a result, BM-MSCs survived well and DADM/MSCs scaffolds significantly promoted wound healing in terms of angiogenesis, re-epithelialization and skin appendage regeneration. DADM/MSCs scaffold may represent an alternative promising therapy for wound healing in deep extensive burns.     

Preparation of laser micropore porcine acellular dermal matrix for skin graft: an experimental study

In our previous study, we used composite grafts consisting of meshed porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) and thin split-thickness autologous epidermis to cover full thickness burn wounds in clinical practice. However, a certain degree of contraction might occur because the distribution of dermal matrix was not uniform in burn wound. In this study, we prepare a composite skin graft consisting of PADM with the aid of laser to improve the quality of healing of burn wound. METHODS: PADM was prepared by the trypsin/Triton X-100 method. Micropores were produced on the PADM with a laser punch. The distance between micropores varied from 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 to 1.5mm. Full thickness defect wounds were created on the back of 144 SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: micropore groups I-IV in which the wound were grafted with PADM with micropores, in four different distances, respectively and split-thickness autograft; mesh group rats received meshed PADM graft and split-thickness autograft; control group received simple split-thickness autografting. The status of wound healing was histologically observed at regular time points after surgery. The wound healing rate and contraction rate were calculated. RESULTS: The wound healing rate in micropore groups I and II was not statistically different from that in control group, but was significantly higher than that in mesh group 6 weeks after grafting. The wound healing rate in micropore groups III and IV was lower than that in mesh and control groups 4 and 6 weeks after grafting. The wound contraction rate in micropore groups I and II was remarkably lower than that in control group 4 and 6 weeks after surgery and it was significantly much lower than that in mesh group 6 weeks after surgery. Histological examination revealed good epithelization, regularly arranged collagenous fibers and integral structure of basement membrane. CONCLUSION: Laser micropore PADM (0.8 or 1.0mm in distance) grafting in combination with split-thickness autografting can improve wound healing. The PADM with laser micropores in 1.0mm distance is the better choice.     

Influence of hyaluronic acid on wound healing using composite porcine acellular dermal matrix grafts and autologous skin in rabbits

This study aims to explore the influence of hyaluronic acid (HA) on wound healing during xenogeneic porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) composite skin grafting. The results will facilitate the development of methods for improving graft contracture and poor elasticity of composite transplantation. Exogenous HA was added to composite PADM grafts and to thin autologous skin grafts during rabbit full‐thickness skin wound repair. The influence of HA on wound healing was evaluated according to its contracture rate and its expression of collagen types I and III. The possible mechanism was then explored based on HA metabolism and vascularisation in the skin graft. The results show that exogenous HA relieves graft contracture on rabbit wound surfaces, increases collagen I and III expression and decreases the ratio between collagen types. HA stimulates the generation of more CD44 receptors to strengthen its enzymolysis. The resulting metabolites promote the vascularisation of the wound surface, which are conducive for mitigating graft contracture, and further improve the composite grafting effect.     

异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质微粒与自体脂肪颗粒移植的对比研究

目的:探索一种更为理想的取材广泛的注射充填材料。方法:采取分别将异种(猪)脱细胞真皮基质微粒(xenogenicacellulardermalmatrix简称ADM微粒)和自体脂肪颗粒注入乳猪耳背皮下形成皮丘,定时对皮丘进行测量、并做必要的组织切片检查。结果:移植后24周ADM微粒吸收率约为23.86%,自体脂肪颗粒吸收率为43.77%,经方差分析P<0.01;ADM微粒注射后从外周向中央细胞化及血管化,有极少量的中性粒细胞和单核细胞。自体脂肪颗粒移植后可见到生存下来的脂肪细胞,其间有淋巴细胞和单核细胞浸润,并有异物巨细胞反应。结论:ADM微粒是一种取材广泛、安全性好、吸收率低、使用方便的理想注射充填材料。     

猪脱细胞真皮基质修复兔腹壁缺损的实验研究

目的研究猪脱细胞真皮基质修复兔腹壁缺损的效果,探讨异种脱细胞真皮基质应用的可行性。方法健康小白猪1头,取背部及两侧皮肤制备脱细胞真皮基质。26只日本大耳白兔,雌雄不限,体重2.2～2.3 kg,随机分为对照组(n=6)和实验组(n=20)。对照组制备5.0 cm×0.5 cm腹壁缺损,单纯缝合关闭缺损。实验组制备5.0 cm×2.5 cm腹壁缺损,用同样大小的猪脱细胞真皮基质补片(简称"补片")修复,补片基底膜面朝向肠管。术后观察是否有疝形成,比较两组腹腔内脏器粘连情况,以及对照组腹壁肌筋膜单纯缝合处和实验组补片-腹壁肌筋膜吻合处的最大张力,组织学观察补片是否有纤维血管组织长入及其在体内的生物学转归。结果实验动物均无疝形成。术后5周,实验组补片和腹壁融为一体,补片皮肤面和脏器面均有纤维血管组织长入,补片处于新生组织掺入重建过程。实验组1只动物补片和腹腔内脏器粘连较重(2级),5只发生了轻微粘连(1级),12只无粘连(0级);对照组1只轻微粘连(1级),5只无粘连(0级);两组粘连分级比较差异无统计学意义(Z=—0.798,P=0.425)。术后5周,实验组补片-腹壁肌筋膜吻合处的最大张力为(13.0±5.5)N,对照组腹壁肌筋膜单纯缝合处为(13.6±4.0)N,差异无统计学意义(t=—0.410,P=0.683)。组织学观察显示,术后5周,实验组补片中有大量小血管,并有中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞为主的炎性浸润,补片边缘偶见巨噬细胞,补片-腹壁肌筋膜吻合处由纤维结缔组织连接;术后6个月,补片及周围炎性反应消退,胶原纤维结构发生了改建,补片和肌筋膜层由有纤维结缔组织愈合。结论补片修复兔腹壁缺损取得了较好效果,补片-腹壁肌筋膜层愈合,其吻合处的力学强度达到了自体腹壁单纯缝合吻合的力学强度,补片胶原纤维结构发生了改建。     

Porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) vascularises after exposure in open necrotic wounds seen after complex hernia repair

Biological alternatives to synthetic meshes are increasingly utilised in complex abdominal wall reconstruction. There is a lack of evidence demonstrating that non‐cross‐linked porcine acellular dermal matrix vascularizes and integrates with human tissue in suboptimal wound conditions. We aimed to evaluate these properties in Strattice? (Life Cell Inc., Branchburg, NJ) following ventral hernia repair. A retrospective review of patients with high‐risk ventral hernia repair utilising Strattice? as an onlay after open component separation was conducted. Patients with postoperative wound exploration and exposure of the onlay were included in this review. One patient underwent punch biopsy for histological analysis. Eleven patients with wound complications necessitating postoperative debridement and exposure of Strattice? onlay were identified. The onlay was partially debrided in two cases, and one case required complete excision. Vascularisation was clinically evident in 10 of 11 cases (91%) as demonstrated by the presence of granulation tissue and/or the ability to support a skin graft. Histological analysis of one onlay 3 months postoperatively showed neovascularisation and collagen remodelling with minimal inflammatory response. Strattice? demonstrated resistance to rejection, ability to undergo vascularisation and incorporation into host tissues in sub‐optimal wound conditions following ventral hernia repair.     

异种脱细胞真皮基质与自体皮复合移植后基底膜重塑的实验观察

目的　观察异种 (猪 )脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植模型中基底膜重塑的变化规律。　方法　将异种 (猪 )脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植于大鼠创面 ,分别于移植后 1、2、3、4、8、12、16周留取标本 ,采用免疫组化、透射电镜等方法 ,观察基底膜中层粘连蛋白的变化规律及 12周时基底膜的超微结构 ,同时以单纯薄自体皮移植进行对照。　结果　异种脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植后 ,层粘连蛋白的表达高于单纯薄自体皮移植。 12周时复合移植组基底膜清晰连续 ,半桥粒较多且分布均匀 ;薄自体皮组基底膜致密板模糊、不连续 ,半桥粒减少且分布不均。　结论　异种脱细胞真皮基质与薄自体皮复合移植后 ,基底膜中层粘连蛋白表达增高 ,可能有利于复合皮移植后基底膜的重塑 ,增强表皮和真皮之间的连接 ,进而改善创面愈合质量     

Comparison of histological structure and biocompatibility between human acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and porcine ADM

The present study was to compare the difference of histological structure and biocompatibility between human ADM and porcine ADM. The scaffold structure, collagen arrangement and collagen structure of human ADM and those of porcine ADM were very similar except for a slight difference in their black and white bands assessed by both light microscopy and electron microscopy. The positive immunohistochemical staining results of porcine ADM using human antibodies of collagen I, collagen III, collagen IV, fibronectin, laminin and vimentin and the result of SDS-PAGE implied a strong homology between the main proteins of human ADM and porcine ADM. In addition, statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (P<0.05) between the biocompatibility of the two ADMs. Based on these results, we conclude that porcine ADM bears a strong similarity to human ADM, and might be a substitute for human ADM in the future.     

同种异体脱细胞真皮补片移植矫正白膜型阴茎弯曲的临床价值

目的 评价应用同种异体脱细胞真皮补片移植矫正白膜型阴茎弯曲的安全性与疗效.方法 2007年6月至2010年6月收治白膜型阴茎弯曲患者18例,年龄15～26岁,平均20岁.已婚12例.阴茎弯曲度30°～80°,平均55°;单侧弯曲17例,复杂弯曲1例.硬膜外麻醉或全麻,包皮环切切口入路,应用同种异体脱细胞真皮补片移植,延长曲侧海绵体白膜的术式治疗. 结果 18例阴茎弯曲均得到勃起直视下矫正,矫正后阴茎弯曲度0°～10°,平均4°.术后无感染、血肿、局部结节等并发症.18例随访3～24个月,无勃起功能障碍,未见弯曲复发、勃起硬结和形态畸形. 结论 同种异体脱细胞真皮补片矫正白膜型阴茎弯曲具有手术安全、疗效可靠、并发症少等优点.     

��ϸ��������Ƥ���ʲ�Ƭ�޲������Ը�����36�������ܽ�

目的总结脱细胞异体真皮基质(ADM)补片修补复杂性腹壁疝的经验。方法 2008-2010年首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院普外疝和腹壁外科采用ADM修补36例复杂性腹壁疝,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 36例均采用ADM补片进行修补,术后Ⅰ期愈合,无术后腹壁血肿、肠梗阻、肠漏等并发症。随访时间6～34个月,平均16个月,无术后切口感染、腹壁疼痛、腹壁僵硬感、腹壁膨隆等并发症,无术后复发。结论 ADM补片修补复杂性腹壁缺损安全、有效。     

不同性状激光微孔脱细胞真皮构建活性基质的研究

目的：探讨不同性状激光微孔脱细胞真皮构建活性基质的可行性。方法：将激光微孔猪脱细胞真皮分成两组即干燥组和湿润组，每组36片。将成纤维细胞悬液分别滴加在两组真皮表面，培养不同时间点后，每组分别随机留取6个孔的培养液，采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定上清液中人TGF-β1、bFGF含量。结果：随着培养时间的延长，TGF-p。和bFGF分泌量逐渐增多，第8天达到稳定水平，第10、12天与第8天的含量比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；各时间点干燥组各因子的含量均高于湿润组（P〈0．05）。结论：激光微孔猪脱细胞真皮可用为支架构建活性基质，其冷冻干燥后更有利于成纤维细胞的粘附与增殖。     

不同种属脱细胞真皮与自体皮复合移植的比较性研究

目的　观察不同种属脱细胞真皮基质 (acellulardermalmatrix,ADM)与自体皮复合移植的效果 ,为异种ADM的临床应用提供理论依据。　方法　本地产白色小猪 6头 ,分为异种 (人 )ADM +自体刃厚皮组 (A组 )、同种异体 (猪 )ADM +自体刃厚皮组 (B组 )、单纯自体刃厚皮组 (C组 )及单纯自体中厚皮组 (D组 )。观察术后 2、4、8、12、2 4周内移植物存活率 ,以及移植皮片收缩程度、移植区组织学变化等情况。　结果　A、B组移植后皮片外观光滑、有弹性 ;两组均获得了满意的皮片成活率 ,并可迅速诱导成纤维细胞、血管内皮细胞等宿主修复细胞的长入 ;两组移植皮片收缩面积有大于C、D组的趋势 (P <0.0 5);术后 2 4周移植区组织与单纯中厚皮移植组织结构一致。　结论　在观察期内(复合移植后 2 4周 ) ,与自体皮复合移植时 ,同、异种ADM具有相近的生物学作用 ,异种来源的ADM可能具有更广阔的应用前景     

脱细胞异体真皮基质治疗肛瘘的愈合机制研究

目的应用脱细胞异体真皮基质（ADM）治疗动物模型肛瘘,探讨ADM治疗肛瘘的愈合机制。方法建立长白猪肛瘘动物模型（14头）,应用ADM填塞治疗。ADM治疗后12h、24h、72h、7d、14d、28d和60d分别取肛瘘治疗标本（每组2头）行苏木精-伊红染色及免疫组织化学染色检查肛瘘组织恢复情况。结果术后12hADM边缘可见炎性细胞浸润．并可见成纤维细胞长入。术后7d浸润细胞密度较术后12h显著升高（998．7±128．0比218．2±58．2,P〈0．01）：术后7～28d．密度逐渐下降。术后7d,在ADM边缘可见成熟新生血管和肌成纤维细胞;术后14d血管密度（30．5±5．2）较术后7d（11．2±3．3）增加（P〈0．01）,肌成纤维细胞的密度也较术后7d增加（6．8±0．4比3．8±0．8,P〈0．01）。术后60d可见规则排列的肌肉组织长入。结论脱细胞异体真皮基质植人体内后的血管化和被宿主细胞的再塑形可能在肛瘘愈合中起重要作用。ADM可成功用于治疗动物模型肛瘘．并可能进一步用于其他慢性感染创面的治疗。     

异体颗粒状脱细胞真皮基质与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复大鼠皮肤缺损创面效果观察

目的 观察异体颗粒状脱细胞真皮基质(PADM)与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复大鼠皮肤缺损创面的效果.方法 采用随机数字表法将12只SD大鼠分为实验组和对照组,每组6只.于2组大鼠背部制作全层皮肤缺损创面,实验组创面复合移植SD大鼠异体PADM(扩张比10:5)及厚度0.20 mm的自体刃厚皮,对照组创面仅移植厚度0.20 mm自体刃厚皮.术后2周起打开敷料观察大鼠创面愈合情况.术后2、3、4、6、8、12、20周计算2组创面移植皮片成活率、收缩率(或扩张率).术后20周取2组创周正常皮肤及创面皮肤标本,采用HE染色法观察胶原纤维束结构,测量胶原纤维束直径和间隙率;用天狼星红染色法观察Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原分布情况,测量Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量及其比值.对实验数据行独立样本t检验、Levene检验、t'检验.结果 (1)术后2周,实验组大鼠创面移植皮片成活率[(76.1±13.1)%]低于对照组[(94.5±1.3)%,t'=3.440,P=0.018].术后3周,实验组创面移植皮片收缩率[(34±8)%]明显大于对照组[(16±12)%,t=-3.211,P=0.009];术后8周,2组移植皮片扩张率接近一致.(2)HE染色和天狼星红染色显示,与大鼠创周正常皮肤比较,对照组移植皮片胶原纤维束呈均质化改变,胶原纤维纤细,排列紊乱;实验组移植皮片胶原纤维束结构、排列更接近创周正常皮肤,可见未完全降解的PADM.与对照组创面皮肤胶原纤维束直径[(7.3±1.4)μm]、间隙率[(17±4)%]、Ⅰ型胶原含量[(68.1±8.4)%]、Ⅲ型胶原含量[(32.0±8.4)%]以及Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原比例(2.3±1.0)比较,实验组胶原纤维束更粗[(9.6±0.8)μm,t=-3.562,P=0.005],间隙率更大[(24±5)%,t=-2.760,P=0.020],Ⅰ型胶原含量更高[(80.2±5.4)%,t=-2.981,P=0.014],Ⅲ型胶原含量更低[(19.8±5.4)%,t=2.981,P=0.014],Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原比例更高(4.3±1.2,t=-3.204,P=0.009).实验组创面皮肤上述胶原相关指标更接近于创周正常皮肤水平.结论 异体PADM在体内作为真皮再生模板,有助于改善自体刃厚皮所修复的大鼠皮肤缺损创面中真皮胶原纤维束的结构,提高再生真皮组织的成熟度.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effects of mixed grafting of allogeneic PADM and autologous STS on wound healing of full-thickness defect in rats. Methods Full-thickness defects with size of 6 cm×4 cm were produced on the back of 12 SD rats, and they were divided into E group(n =6) and C group ( n = 6) according to the random number table. The wounds in E group were grafted with a mix of allogeneic PADM (expansion rate 10: 5) and autologous STS with thickness of 0.2 mm, while those in C group were grafted with autologous STS in the same thickness. The wound healing rate, survival rate, contraction rate,and expansion rate of transplanted skin were observed at post operation week (POW) 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12,20. Tissue samples form wounds and surrounding normal skin were harvested at POW 20 for histopathological observation as follows. The structure of collagen fiber bundle was observed by HE staining, the diameter and gap rate of collagen fiber bundle were also measured. The distribution of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen was observed by sirsus red staining, and the contents of type Ⅰ , Ⅲ collagen and their ratio were also examined.Data were processed with independent samples t test, Levene test, and t' test. Results Survial rate of transplanted skin in E group at POW 2 [(76. 1 ± 13. 1)%] was obviously lower than that in C group [(94.5 ± 1.3)%, t' =3.440, P =0.018]. Contraction rate of transplanted skin in E, C groups at POW 3 showed significant difference [(34±8)%vs. (16 ±12)%, t = -3.211, P =0.009]. Compared with those in peri-wound normal skin, collagen fiber bundles in C group showed signs of homogenization, and collagen fibers were thin with irregular arrangement. Collagen fiber structure and arrangement of composite skin in E group were similar to those surrounding normal skin with incomplete degradation of PADM. Diameter of collagen fiber bundle [( 9.6 ± 0.8) μm] , gap rate between collagen bundle [( 24±5) %] , content of type Ⅰ collagen [( 80.2 ± 5.4) %] and the ratio of typeⅠto type Ⅲ collagen(4.3 ± 1.2) in E group were all increased as compared with those inC group [(7.3±1.4) μm (t = -3.562, P =0.005), (17±4)%( t =-2.760, P =0.020), (68.1 ±8.4)%(t = -2.981, P =0.014), 2.3±1.0(t = -3.204, P =0. 009)], while content of type Ⅲ collagen [( 19.8 ± 5.4) %] in E group was lower than that in C group [(32.0 ±8.4)% , t = 2. 981, P = 0. 014]. Above-mentioned indexes of collagen in wound of E group were similar to those of normal skin surrounding the wound. Conclusions Allogeneic PADM used as dermal regeneration template is beneficial in improving collagen fiber bundle structure in dermis layer of rats with fullthickness skin wounds when repaired with autologous STS, and it accelerates maturation of regenerative dermal tissue.